CN113248205A - Large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard and a preparation method thereof, wherein the large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 portions of solid waste and 500 portions of cementing material500 parts of reinforcing material, 10-200 parts of other auxiliary agents, and 30-70 parts of water. The large-mixing-amount solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard has the advantages of fast strength development, high fracture resistance and excellent crack resistance, no reinforcement is needed during the pouring of the wallboard, the wallboard does not need to be autoclaved and cured after the demoulding, and the density is 1030kg/m3The compression strength is 7-20MPa, the bending strength is 3-5MPa, and the building material is a green building material which is energy-saving, waste-utilizing, capable of being prefabricated in an industrial manner, and has excellent performances of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention, low shrinkage, low water absorption and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building prefabricated wallboards, and particularly relates to a large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of society and science, and the rapid advance of industrialization and urbanization, the yield of pollutants is continuously increased, and the problem of environmental treatment is still a big problem and challenge. Many solid wastes are usually disposed of only by incineration or landfill, which results in little profitability and may even be harmful to the air or environment. Therefore, the country and the government strongly support and encourage enterprises to recycle solid wastes, so that the pollution can be reduced, wastes are changed into valuables, materials and wastes are saved, and the concept of green building materials and low carbon and environmental protection is met.
The existing lightweight concrete wallboard mostly needs reinforcement and autoclaved curing, has complex process and high cost, and influences and restricts the market and application of the lightweight concrete wallboard to a certain extent. In addition, the conventional concrete wallboard has low flexural strength and large dry shrinkage value, and is also a difficult point to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with large mixing amount of solid wastes,the solid waste with large mixing amount is used, and the interaction among various components is utilized to form a three-dimensional porous structure, so that the three-dimensional porous structure has good anti-bending performance and heat-preservation and sound-absorption effects. No reinforcing bar is needed during pouring, the wallboard does not need to be autoclaved and cured after demoulding, and the density of the wallboard is 600-1030kg/m3The compression strength is 7-20MPa, the bending strength is 3-5MPa, and the building material is a green building material which is energy-saving, waste-utilizing, capable of being prefabricated in an industrial manner, and has excellent performances of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention, low shrinkage, low water absorption and the like.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-volume solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard comprises the following components: based on the weight portion, the weight portion of the material,
400 portions of solid waste and 500 portions of solid waste,
300 portions and 500 portions of the cementing material,
10-200 parts of a reinforcing material,
4-20 parts of other auxiliary agents,
30-70 parts of water.
Further, the solid waste is one or more of stone saw mud, tailing powder, machine-made sand washing sand basin slurry and ceramic powder, preferably, the solid waste is the stone saw mud, the stone saw mud is not effectively utilized at present, and the environment is polluted due to the existence of a large amount of stone saw mud solid waste.
Further, the gel material is the sum of cement and an admixture, and the admixture accounts for 10-50% of the mass of the gel material, and preferably 20-35% of the mass. When the mass fraction of the admixture in the gel material is less than 10%, the binding power and shrinkage expansion of concrete are influenced, so that the finally prepared wallboard is not high in flexural strength and compressive strength and is easy to crack; when the mass fraction of the admixture in the gel material is more than 50%, the early strength of the concrete is slowly developed.
Further, the cement is one or more of ordinary portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement and phosphate cement.
Furthermore, the admixture is one or more of fly ash, mineral powder and silicon powder, and the addition of the admixture can reduce the cement consumption, reduce the cost, improve the workability of mixed slurry and reduce the shrinkage cracking of the wallboard.
Furthermore, the reinforcing material is one or more of high molecular polymer, hybrid fiber, active powder, an organosilicon waterproof component, a shrinkage reducing component and an alkali excitation component, and can improve the tensile strength and the impact resistance of the wallboard and prevent the surface of the wallboard from cracking.
Further, the other auxiliary agents comprise 2-10 parts of water reducing agent, 0-10 parts of pour regulator and 2-10 parts of foaming agent.
Furthermore, the water reducing agent is one or more of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, sodium lignosulfonate and naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the addition of the water reducing agent can reduce the mixing water consumption, is beneficial to dispersing gel material particles and improves the workability and the fluidity.
Further, the setting retarder is a retarder or a coagulant, the retarder is one or more of gluconate, citrate or phosphate, the coagulant is one or more of aluminate or sodium silicate, the plasticity and the strength of the material can be increased by adding the retarder, the initial setting time and the final setting time of the slurry material can be delayed, and the hardening of the material can be accelerated by adding the coagulant, so that enough strength can be formed in a short time to meet the requirements of special construction. The coagulant is used for ensuring enough operation time during production, facilitating mold pouring and demolding as soon as possible and improving the turnover rate of the wallboard mold. The setting speed is influenced by the temperature, and a proper amount of retarder can be added in the hot weather in summer; in winter, in low temperature, proper amount of coagulant may be added.
Further, the foaming agent is an animal protein foaming agent, a plant foaming agent or a composite foaming agent, the foaming agent and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:20-1:100, and the foam density is 25-60 g/L.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding the gel material, the solid waste, the reinforcing material, the water reducing agent and the coagulation regulating agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 200-300 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:20-1:100, foaming agent and water are used for producing foam in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 1-24h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions or heating and humidifying for continuous curing.
Further, the temperature for heating and humidifying in the step (5) is 20-70 ℃.
Compared with the conventional lightweight concrete wallboard, the lightweight concrete wallboard has the following advantages:
1. the solid waste is reasonably utilized, the environmental pollution is reduced, the waste is changed into the valuable, and the environment is protected;
2. the large-mixing-amount solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard provided by the invention has the advantages of fast strength development, high fracture resistance, excellent crack resistance, no need of reinforcement and steam pressure maintenance, simple process and low cost;
3. has excellent sound absorption effect, heat preservation and insulation, fire prevention, low shrinkage, low water absorption and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard with large content of solid wastes provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the invention, through researching the change of mechanical properties of materials and through a solution scheme of material component optimization, the components and the dosage proportion are reasonably designed, a large-dosage solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard is provided, a three-dimensional porous structure is formed by utilizing the interaction among the components, and the components and the dosage proportion among the components are taken as a whole, so that the prepared concrete wallboard has the properties of fast strength development, excellent fracture resistance and excellent crack resistance. The method is characterized in that reinforcement and autoclaved curing are needed for common concrete, the autoclaved curing is carried out in an autoclave with the temperature of about 175 ℃ and the pressure of 4 atmospheres, the strength of the concrete is improved through high temperature and high pressure, reinforcement is not needed during pouring, and the wallboard is not needed to be autoclaved cured after demolding, so that the lightweight concrete wallboard with high bending resistance and high compression resistance can be prepared. The components are added with a large amount of solid wastes, the solid wastes are reasonably utilized, the waste is changed into valuable, and the prepared lightweight concrete wallboard also has excellent performances of heat preservation and insulation, fire prevention, low shrinkage, low water absorption and the like.
Description of the test methods:
the dry density, the compressive strength, the volume water absorption, the dry shrinkage value, the combustion performance and the impact resistance are tested according to JC/T2475-; the heat conductivity coefficient is tested according to JCT 1062-2007 foam concrete block; the fracture resistance was tested according to GB/T17671-1999 Cement mortar Strength test.
Example 1
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 500 parts of marble saw mud, 300 parts of a gel material (270 parts of portland cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of fly ash and 10 parts of silica powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 8 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 10 parts of animal protein foaming agent and 50 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble sawn mud, active powder, fiber, water and a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 260 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 4h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
Example 2
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 450 parts of marble saw mud, 400 parts of a gel material (300 parts of portland cement, 30 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of silicon powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 5 parts of a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 2 parts of a gluconate retarder, 8 parts of an animal protein foaming agent and 50 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble saw mud, active powder, fiber, water, a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and a gluconate retarder into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 240 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 6h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
Example 3
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 400 parts of marble saw mud, 500 parts of a gel material (330 parts of portland cement, 50 parts of mineral powder, 60 parts of fly ash and 60 parts of silica powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 2 parts of a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 2 parts of a gluconate retarder, 6 parts of an animal protein foaming agent and 50 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble saw mud, active powder, fiber, water, a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and a gluconate retarder into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 220 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 6h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: the foaming agent is added in a small amount and the density is larger due to different amounts of the foaming agent, and core pulling operation can be performed according to the requirement to reduce the density; the retarder is changed into an accelerant, and 10 parts of animal protein foaming agent are changed into 2 parts; the preparation method differs in steps (4) and (5).
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 450 parts of marble saw mud, 400 parts of a gel material (300 parts of portland cement, 30 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of silica powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 2 parts of aluminate coagulant, 2 parts of animal protein foaming agent and 50 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble saw mud, active powder, fiber, water, a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and an aluminate coagulant into a stirrer, and stirring to form a flowable slurry with the fluidity of 230 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a cavity of a wallboard mould provided with a core pipe;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 1h, extracting the core pipe, and placing the demolded light heat-insulation partition board under natural conditions or steam conditions for continuous curing.
The stirred mixture is poured into a cavity of a wallboard mould provided with a core pipe, and the core pipe is drawn out after maintenance, so that the dry density of the wallboard can be effectively reduced.
Comparative example 1
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 450 parts of marble saw mud, 400 parts of a gel material (300 parts of portland cement, 30 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of silica powder), 5 parts of a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 8 parts of an animal protein foaming agent and 50 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble sawn mud, active powder, fiber, water and a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 240 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and (5) demolding after natural curing for 20h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
Comparative example 2
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 450 parts of marble saw mud, 400 parts of a gel material (370 parts of portland cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of fly ash and 10 parts of silica powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 8 parts of animal protein foaming agent and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble sawn mud, active powder, fiber, water and a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 280 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and (5) demolding after natural curing for 20h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
Comparative example 3
The heavy-doped solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard consists of the following components in parts by mass: 450 parts of marble saw mud, 400 parts of a gel material (160 parts of portland cement, 80 parts of mineral powder, 80 parts of fly ash and 80 parts of silica powder), 30 parts of active powder, 5 parts of fiber, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 8 parts of animal protein foaming agent and 20 parts of water.
The preparation method of the non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard with the large amount of solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding portland cement, mineral powder, fly ash, silica powder, marble sawn mud, active powder, fiber, water and a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form a flowable slurry with the fluidity of 180 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:50, producing foam by using an animal protein foaming agent and water in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and (5) demolding after natural curing for 20h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions for continuous curing.
TABLE 1 test results
As can be seen from table 1, the wallboard of the comparative example exhibited less excellent properties such as flexural strength than the examples due to the difference in the component formulations. The invention uses large-volume solid waste, reasonably changes the waste into valuable, forms a three-dimensional porous structure by utilizing the interaction among various components, can ensure that the sound waves entering the three-dimensional porous structure pass through and are reflected for many times to have small sound, has good anti-bending performance and heat-preservation and sound-absorption effects, does not need reinforcement during pouring, does not need steam curing after demoulding, and saves time and cost. The density of the wallboard is 600-1030kg/m3The compression strength is 7-20MPa, the bending strength is 3-5MPa, and the building material is a green building material which is energy-saving, waste-utilizing, capable of being prefabricated in an industrial manner, and has excellent performances of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention, low shrinkage, low water absorption and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard containing large amount of solid waste is characterized by comprising the following components: based on the weight portion, the weight portion of the material,
400 portions of solid waste and 500 portions of solid waste,
300 portions and 500 portions of the cementing material,
10-200 parts of a reinforcing material,
4-20 parts of other auxiliary agents,
30-70 parts of water.
2. The non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard containing large amount of solid waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid waste is one or more of stone saw mud, tailing powder, machine-made sand washing mud and ceramic powder.
3. The high-volume solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the cementing material is the sum of cement and an admixture, and the admixture accounts for 10-50% of the mass fraction of the cementing material.
4. The heavy-duty solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing material is one or more of a high molecular polymer, a hybrid fiber, an active powder, a silicone waterproof component, a shrinkage reducing component and an alkali-activated component.
5. The large-doped solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the other auxiliary agents comprise 2-10 parts of water reducing agent, 0-10 parts of coagulation regulator and 2-10 parts of foaming agent.
6. The heavy-doped solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 5, characterized in that the water reducing agent is one or more of polycarboxylic acid high efficiency water reducing agent, sodium lignosulfonate salt or naphthalene high efficiency water reducing agent.
7. The large-dosage solid waste non-steamed lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 5, wherein the set retarder is one or more of a retarder or an accelerator, the retarder is one or more of gluconate, citrate or phosphate, and the accelerator is one or more of aluminate, carbonate or silicate.
8. The heavy-content solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to claim 5, wherein the foaming agent is an animal protein foaming agent, a plant foaming agent or a composite foaming agent, the foaming agent is mixed with water according to a ratio of 1:20-1:100, and the foam density is 25-60 g/L.
9. A method for preparing a heavy-load solid waste non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring: adding the gel material, the solid waste, the reinforcing material, the water reducing agent and the coagulation regulating agent into a stirrer, and stirring to form flowable slurry with the fluidity of 200-300 mm;
(2) foaming: according to the proportion of 1:20-1:100, foaming agent and water are used for producing foam in a foaming machine;
(3) adding bubbles and stirring: adding the foamed foam into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring the foamed foam and the slurry;
(4) molding: pouring the stirred mixture into a wallboard mould;
(5) and (5) maintenance: and demolding after natural curing for 1-24h, and placing the demolded wallboard under natural conditions or heating and humidifying for continuous curing.
10. The method for preparing the non-autoclaved lightweight concrete wallboard containing a large amount of solid waste as claimed in claim 9, wherein the temperature of heating and humidifying in the step (5) is 20-70 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20210813 |