CN113245860A - Device and method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245860A CN113245860A CN202110676745.XA CN202110676745A CN113245860A CN 113245860 A CN113245860 A CN 113245860A CN 202110676745 A CN202110676745 A CN 202110676745A CN 113245860 A CN113245860 A CN 113245860A
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wires by laser welding, wherein the device comprises the following components: the device comprises a first straightening assembly, a water cooling assembly, a cladding assembly, a welding assembly, a polishing assembly, a second straightening assembly, an aluminum rod, a surface grinding and brushing assembly, a wiping assembly, a cleaning assembly, a roller, a copper plate, a continuous drawing assembly and a flaw detection assembly; the roller is rotatably arranged on two sides of the copper plate, the cleaning assembly, the wiping assembly and the surface brushing assembly are sequentially arranged on one side of the roller, the second straightening assembly and the polishing assembly are arranged on the aluminum rod, the coating assembly is arranged on the same side of the surface brushing assembly and the polishing assembly, and the welding assembly is arranged on the other side of the coating assembly; the invention has high automation degree, and can effectively solve the problem of surface damage of copper-clad aluminum; the welding process is stable, the surface and the internal quality of the welding seam are good, and the performance is high; the environment-friendly type electromagnetic shielding device is environment-friendly, free of pollution, free of interference of an electric field and a magnetic field and free of vacuum protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal composite wires, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing a copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding.
Background
The copper-clad aluminum wire is characterized in that an aluminum core wire is used as a main body, and a copper layer is coated outside the aluminum core wire, so that metallurgical bonding is realized in the drawing process, and the bimetal composite conductor with stable performance is obtained and can be used as a conductor for a coaxial cable and a conductor for an electric equipment cable. The aluminum wire has small specific gravity, but the welding performance is not good, so the copper-clad aluminum wire can utilize the advantage of small specific gravity of aluminum and improve the welding performance by wrapping a copper layer outside the aluminum wire.
The prior copper clad aluminum production process comprises an electroplating method, a pressure welding method, a cladding welding method and the like. The bottleneck of producing copper-clad aluminum by the electroplating process is that the diameter is larger than phi 2.4mm, and the thickness of the single surface of the electroplated layer of copper cannot exceed 20 percent of the diameter, so that various requirements of numerous customers cannot be met. At present, a cladding welding method is mainly adopted to produce copper-clad aluminum, the traditional cladding welding method mainly adopts argon arc welding, and the argon arc welding has the defects of deformation, high hardness, sand holes, local annealing, cracking, pinholes, abrasion, scratches, undercut or insufficient bonding force, internal stress damage and the like due to large heat affected parts; because the current density of argon arc welding is large, the ultraviolet radiation generated by electric arc is 5-30 times that of common electric arc welding, the infrared radiation is about 1-1.5 times that of common electric arc welding, the concentration of ozone generated in the welding process exceeds the sanitary standard, and the damage degree to human body is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method for preparing a copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing a copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding, comprising:
the device comprises a first straightening assembly, a water cooling assembly, a cladding assembly, a welding assembly, a polishing assembly, a second straightening assembly, an aluminum rod, a surface grinding and brushing assembly, a wiping assembly, a cleaning assembly, a roller, a copper plate, a continuous drawing assembly and a flaw detection assembly;
the roller rotationally sets up the copper both sides, it sets gradually to wash the subassembly, dry subassembly and surface scrubbing subassembly roller one side, second alignment subassembly and the setting of the subassembly of polishing are in on the aluminium pole, the cladding subassembly sets up surface scrubbing subassembly and the subassembly homonymy of polishing, the welding subassembly sets up cladding subassembly opposite side, the water-cooling subassembly with the welding subassembly links to each other, first alignment subassembly, even draw the subassembly and the subassembly of detecting a flaw sets gradually the welding subassembly opposite side.
Optimally, the welding assembly comprises a laser movably arranged above the aluminum rod, a welding wire guide pipe and a protector nozzle which are arranged on two sides of the laser, a welding wire arranged in the welding wire guide pipe in a penetrating mode and a driving device used for driving the laser to move.
Optimally, the welding direction of the laser is along the running direction of the aluminum rod.
Optimally, the surface brushing assembly performs surface brushing on one side of the copper plate.
Optimally, the grinding assembly is used for grinding the circumferential surface of the aluminum rod.
In order to achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding, comprising the steps of:
s1, preprocessing an aluminum rod and a copper plate;
s2, cladding and welding, namely, tightly cladding the copper strip on the outer surface of the aluminum rod, and welding by utilizing laser welding, wherein the laser power is 240-260W, and the laser scanning speed is 470-490 mm/min;
s3, continuous drawing, namely feeding the coated copper clad aluminum into a continuous drawing assembly for drawing;
s4, washing the wire for flaw detection, and detecting the surface of the copper clad aluminum by using a flaw detection assembly;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the copper-clad aluminum wire;
s6, oxidation prevention and drying;
s7, taking up and packaging;
optimally, the pretreatment of the aluminum rod in the step S1 comprises unreeling, drawing, lubricating, rotary cutting, cleaning and drying of the aluminum rod, and the pretreatment of the copper plate comprises cold rolling and slitting, unreeling and cladding surface roughening of the copper plate.
Preferably, in step S2, the side of the copper strip after being surface brushed is tightly attached to the circumferential surface of the aluminum rod.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the laser energy density is highly concentrated, the heating and cooling speed is extremely high during welding, the heat affected zone is small, and the welding stress and deformation are small;
2. the copper strip is processed in a non-contact way, so that no external force is generated on the copper strip, and the surface damage problem of the copper-clad aluminum is effectively solved;
3. the laser can be transmitted and converted through optical parts, is easy to be matched with a robot, and has high automation degree and production efficiency;
4. the welding process is stable, the surface and the internal quality of the welding seam are good, and the performance is high;
5. the environment is protected, and no pollution is caused;
6. is not interfered by an electric field and a magnetic field, and does not need vacuum protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the process configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a welded assembly according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a first alignment assembly; 2. a water-cooling assembly; 3. a sheathing assembly; 4. welding the assembly; 41. a copper cladding layer; 42. an aluminum core; 43. welding wires; 44. a wire guide; 45. a laser; 46. a protector nozzle; 5. polishing the assembly; 6. a second alignment assembly; 7. an aluminum rod; 8. a surface scrubbing assembly; 9. wiping the assembly dry; 10. cleaning the assembly; 11. rolling; 12. a copper plate; 13. a continuous pulling assembly; 14. and (5) a flaw detection assembly.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which the invention is attached.
Example 1
The device for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding is shown in figures 2 and 3, and is used for concentrically cladding a high-quality copper strip on the outer surface of an aluminum rod, so that firm interatomic metallurgical bonding is formed between the copper strip and an aluminum core, the copper strip has the composite characteristics of copper conductivity and low aluminum density, the application range is expanded, and the device comprises a first straightening component 1, a water cooling component 2, a cladding component 3, a welding component 4, a polishing component 5, a second straightening component 6, an aluminum rod 7, a surface grinding brush component 8, a wiping component 9, a cleaning component 10, a roller 11, a copper plate 12, a continuous pulling component 13 and a flaw detection component 14.
The rollers 11 are rotatably arranged on two sides of the copper plate 12 (the rollers 11 are driven by an external motor to rotate, a driving gear and a driven gear are respectively arranged at the same end of the two rollers 11, a chain or a belt is wound on the driving gear and the driven gear, and an output shaft of the motor is connected to any one end of the two rollers 11; in the embodiment, the rollers 11 are used for changing the copper plate 12 into a copper strip after cold rolling, the thickness of the copper strip after cold rolling is more accurate, and the surface of the copper strip after cold rolling is smoother). The cleaning component 10, the wiping component 9 and the surface brushing component 8 are sequentially arranged on one side of the roller 11 (the cleaning component 10 is used for cleaning metal powder and dust on the copper strip, the wiping component 9 is used for wiping the cleaned copper strip, in the embodiment, cotton cloth is used for wiping, and the surface brushing component 8 brushes one side of the copper strip, so that the smoothness of one side of the copper strip is improved).
The welding assembly 4 is arranged on the other side of the cladding assembly 3 and used for welding a copper strip sleeved outside the aluminum rod 7, as shown in fig. 2, the welding assembly 4 mainly comprises a welding wire 43, a welding wire guide tube 44, a laser 45, a protector nozzle 46 and the like, the laser 45 moves above the aluminum core 42 (the laser 45 moves under the driving of a driving device; in the embodiment, the driving device adopts a moving cylinder, a piston rod of the moving cylinder is connected to the laser 45; in the embodiment, the welding direction of the laser 45 is along the movement direction of the aluminum rod 7). The welding wire guide tube 44 and the protector nozzle 46 are arranged on two sides of the laser 45, and the welding wire 43 penetrates through the welding wire guide tube 44 and is used for welding a copper strip (the copper cladding 41 is coated on the outer side of the aluminum core 42; laser is used as a welding heat source, a large amount of energy can be concentrated on a small action point, and the welding wire guide tube has the characteristics of high energy density, concentrated heating, high welding speed, small welding deformation and the like).
The water cooling module 2 is connected with the welding module 4 (a large amount of heat is generated during welding, and the water cooling module 2 is used for cooling effect). The first straightening component 1, the continuous drawing component 13 and the flaw detection component 14 are sequentially arranged on the other side of the welding component 4 (the first straightening component 1 is used for straightening welded copper-clad aluminum wires, the continuous drawing component 13 is used for drawing the copper-clad aluminum wires, and the flaw detection component 14 is used for detecting the surface of the copper-clad aluminum wires and detecting whether aluminum leakage points or scratches exist on the copper-clad aluminum wires).
The flow chart of the method for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing an aluminum rod and a copper plate;
the pretreatment of the aluminum rod comprises the steps of unreeling, drawing, lubricating, rotary cutting, cleaning and drying the aluminum rod,
the copper plate pretreatment comprises cold rolling cutting, unreeling and cladding surface roughening of the copper plate (the cold rolling of the copper plate is to use a hot rolled copper plate as a raw material, remove oxide skin by pickling and then carry out cold continuous rolling, so that the strength and the hardness of the copper plate are improved, the cladding surface roughening of the copper plate is realized in the surface grinding and brushing assembly 8, and the surface grinding and brushing assembly 8 only grinds one side of the copper strip, so that the smoothness of one side of the copper strip is improved).
S2, cladding and welding, wherein the copper strip is tightly cladded on the outer surface of the aluminum rod and is welded by laser welding;
the copper strip is coated on the outer surface of the aluminum rod through the coating component 3 (in the embodiment, one side of the copper strip after being subjected to surface brushing is tightly attached to the circumferential surface of the aluminum rod). The welding was performed by the welded assembly 4 (in the present embodiment, the welding was performed by laser in the welded assembly 4, the welding power of the laser welding was 240W, and the laser scanning speed was 470 mm/min).
S3, continuous drawing, namely feeding the coated copper clad aluminum into a continuous drawing assembly 13 for drawing;
s4, performing line washing flaw detection, detecting the surface of the copper-clad aluminum by using the flaw detection assembly 14, and detecting whether aluminum leakage points or scratches exist on the surface of the copper-clad aluminum;
s5, performing heat treatment on the copper-clad aluminum wire (in this embodiment, the heat treatment is annealing, which can improve the plasticity of the copper-clad aluminum wire, eliminate the internal stress, and prevent deformation or cracking);
s6, oxidation resistance and drying are achieved, and the service life of the copper-clad aluminum wire is prolonged;
and S7, taking up and packaging, and collecting the copper-clad aluminum wire on a reel by using a take-up machine.
Example 2
This example provides an apparatus and method for manufacturing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding, which is substantially the same as the scheme of example 1, except that in step S2, the welding power of laser welding is 250W, and the laser scanning speed is 480 mm/min.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding, which are substantially the same as the solution of embodiment 1, except that in step S2, the welding power of the laser welding is 260W, and the laser scanning speed is 490 mm/min.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an apparatus and method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding, which is substantially the same as the scheme in example 1, except that: in the step S2, the welding assembly does not adopt laser welding, and adopts conventional argon arc welding.
The copper-clad aluminum wires prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to surface inspection at the same time, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 surface Properties of copper-clad aluminum wire obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Surface flatness | 0.052mm | 0.050mm | 0.046mm | 0.781mm |
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for preparing copper-clad aluminum wires by laser welding is characterized by comprising the following components:
the device comprises a first straightening assembly (1), a water cooling assembly (2), a coating assembly (3), a welding assembly (4), a polishing assembly (5), a second straightening assembly (6), an aluminum rod (7), a surface polishing brush assembly (8), a wiping assembly (9), a cleaning assembly (10), a roller (11), a copper plate (12), a continuous drawing assembly (13) and a flaw detection assembly (14);
roll (11) rotationally sets up copper (12) both sides, wash subassembly (10), dry subassembly (9) and surface brush subassembly (8) and set gradually roll (11) one side, second alignment subassembly (6) and grinding subassembly (5) set up on aluminium pole (7), cladding subassembly (3) set up surface brush subassembly (8) and grinding subassembly (5) homonymy, welding subassembly (4) set up cladding subassembly (3) opposite side, water-cooling subassembly (2) with welding subassembly (3) link to each other, first alignment subassembly (1), even draw subassembly (13) and flaw detection subassembly (14) set gradually welding subassembly (4) opposite side.
2. The device for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 1, wherein: the welding assembly (4) comprises a laser (45) movably arranged above the aluminum rod (7), a welding wire guide pipe (44) and a protector nozzle (46) which are arranged on two sides of the laser (45), a welding wire (43) arranged in the welding wire guide pipe (44) in a penetrating mode and a driving device used for driving the laser (45) to move.
3. The device for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 2, wherein: the welding direction of the laser (45) is along the running direction of the aluminum rod (7).
4. The device for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 1, wherein: and the surface brushing component (8) brushes one side of the copper plate (12).
5. The device for preparing the copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 1, wherein: the grinding assembly (5) is used for grinding the circumferential surface of the aluminum rod (7).
6. A method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wires by laser welding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing an aluminum rod and a copper plate;
s2, cladding and welding, namely, tightly cladding the copper strip on the outer surface of the aluminum rod, and welding by utilizing laser welding, wherein the laser power is 240-260W, and the laser scanning speed is 470-490 mm/min;
s3, continuous drawing, namely feeding the coated copper clad aluminum into a continuous drawing assembly for drawing;
s4, washing the wire for flaw detection, and detecting the surface of the copper clad aluminum by using a flaw detection assembly;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the copper-clad aluminum wire;
s6, oxidation prevention and drying;
s7, taking up and packaging;
7. the method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 6, wherein: and the step S1, wherein the aluminum rod is pretreated by unwinding, drawing, lubricating, rotary cutting, cleaning and drying the aluminum rod, and the copper plate is pretreated by cold rolling and slitting, unwinding and roughening the clad surface of the copper plate.
8. The method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding according to claim 6, wherein: in step S2, the copper strip is tightly attached to the circumferential surface of the aluminum rod after being brushed.
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| CN202110676745.XA CN113245860A (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2021-06-18 | Device and method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding |
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| CN202110676745.XA CN113245860A (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2021-06-18 | Device and method for preparing copper-clad aluminum wire by laser welding |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114799882A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-29 | 四川蓝电电缆科技有限公司 | Damping device and damping method for cable cladding welding production line |
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| US20020040890A1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-04-11 | Nexans | Process for producing a metal tube of copper |
| CN101211682A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-02 | 大连新达金属材料有限公司 | Copper cladding aluminum core material manufacturing technique |
| CN108941238A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-12-07 | 艾洛益(杭州)材料科技有限公司 | The continuous preparation process of copper clad aluminium composite bus |
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