[go: up one dir, main page]

CN113234447A - Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material - Google Patents

Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113234447A
CN113234447A CN202110278256.9A CN202110278256A CN113234447A CN 113234447 A CN113234447 A CN 113234447A CN 202110278256 A CN202110278256 A CN 202110278256A CN 113234447 A CN113234447 A CN 113234447A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
compound
liquid crystal
crystal material
reaction
stirring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN202110278256.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭晶晶
马良秀
徐敏四
陈泳泳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taizhou Vocational and Technical College
Original Assignee
Taizhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taizhou Vocational and Technical College filed Critical Taizhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority to CN202110278256.9A priority Critical patent/CN113234447A/en
Publication of CN113234447A publication Critical patent/CN113234447A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/14Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
    • C09K19/18Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/68Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C263/00Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
    • C07C263/10Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C263/00Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
    • C07C263/16Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reactions not involving the formation of isocyanate groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/14Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
    • C09K19/18Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
    • C09K2019/183Ph-Ph-C≡C-Ph

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种联苯基液晶材料的制备方法,该方法工艺简单,产率高;所述的联苯基液晶材料结构式为:

Figure DDA0002977130090000011
通过化合物1与化合物2合成;所述的化合物1结构式为:
Figure DDA0002977130090000012
所述的化合物2结构式为:
Figure DDA0002977130090000013
合成过程如下:在反应容器中投入化合物1,化合物2,以及4‑二氧六环,粉末状碳酸钾,四(三苯基膦)钯升温回流反应一段时间,反应完毕降温至10‑20℃,加入乙酸乙酯,过滤除去盐,滤液浓缩至干;加入乙酸乙酯和水,搅拌一段时间后静置分层,水层再用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相浓缩至干,加石油醚升温回流一段时间,降温至0‑5℃,搅拌结晶,过滤干燥得到化合物。The invention provides a preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material, which has simple process and high yield; the structural formula of the biphenyl liquid crystal material is:
Figure DDA0002977130090000011
Synthesized by compound 1 and compound 2; the structural formula of compound 1 is:
Figure DDA0002977130090000012
Described compound 2 structural formula is:
Figure DDA0002977130090000013
The synthesis process is as follows: in the reaction vessel, drop into compound 1, compound 2, and 4-dioxane, powdered potassium carbonate, and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium is heated and refluxed for a period of time, and the reaction is completed and cooled to 10-20 ℃ , ethyl acetate was added, the salt was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness; ethyl acetate and water were added, and after stirring for a period of time, the layers were left to stand, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic phases were concentrated to dryness, and petroleum ether was added. The temperature is heated and refluxed for a period of time, cooled to 0-5° C., stirred for crystallization, filtered and dried to obtain the compound.

Description

Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a biphenyl liquid crystal material.
Background
The existing preparation method of the liquid crystal compound has a complex process, so that the yield of a reaction product is low, and the industrial production cannot be met; the method has simple process and high yield of the target compound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a brand new method for synthesizing biphenyl liquid crystal material, which comprises the following steps:
a preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material is disclosed, wherein the biphenyl liquid crystal material is a compound 3, and the structural formula of the biphenyl liquid crystal material is as follows:
Figure BDA0002977130080000011
the compound 3 is synthesized by a compound 1 and a compound 2;
the structural formula of the compound 1 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002977130080000012
the structural formula of the compound 2 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002977130080000021
the synthesis process is as follows: adding a compound 1, a compound 2, 4-dioxane, powdered potassium carbonate and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium into a reaction vessel, heating and refluxing for reaction for a period of time, cooling to 10-20 ℃ after the reaction is finished, adding ethyl acetate, filtering to remove salts, and concentrating the filtrate to be dry;
adding ethyl acetate and water, stirring for a period of time, standing for layering, extracting the water layer with ethyl acetate, mixing the organic phases, concentrating to dryness, adding petroleum ether, heating and refluxing for a period of time, cooling to 0-5 ℃, stirring for crystallization, filtering, and drying to obtain the compound.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biphenyl liquid crystal material comprises the following steps:
introducing nitrogen into a dry clean reaction vessel, adding 4-ethyl phenylacetylene, 4-iodophenylboronic acid ester and tetrahydrofuran, heating to 60 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding triphenylphosphine palladium dichloride, cuprous iodide and triethylamine, and carrying out reflux reaction for a period of time;
after the reaction is finished, adding activated carbon for decoloring for a period of time, filtering the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate until the filtrate is dried to obtain a light yellow solid, adding petroleum ether, heating to 50-55 ℃, stirring for a period of time, cooling to 0-5 ℃, crystallizing, filtering and drying to obtain the off-white compound 1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biphenyl liquid crystal material comprises the following steps:
adding 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, dichloromethane, sodium bicarbonate and purified water into a reaction container, stirring and cooling to 10-15 ℃; dropwise adding a mixed solution of thiophosgene and dichloromethane for about 4-5h, and keeping the temperature at 10-20 ℃ for 4h to completely react after the dropwise adding;
adding purified water, stirring, standing for layering, washing the organic layer with purified water for several times, concentrating the organic layer until petroleum ether is added for dispersion and crystallization to obtain a compound 2.
On the basis of adopting the intermediate compound 1, the applicant provides another preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material, wherein the biphenyl liquid crystal material is a compound 3,
the compound 3 is synthesized by synthesizing a compound 4 from a compound 1 and a compound 5;
the structural formula of the compound 5 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002977130080000031
the structural formula of the compound 4 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002977130080000032
the synthesis process of the compound 3 comprises the following steps:
adding the compound 4, dichloromethane, sodium bicarbonate and purified water into a reaction vessel, and stirring and cooling to 10-15 ℃;
dropwise adding a mixed solution of thiophosgene and dichloromethane for about 4-5h, and then preserving heat at 10-20 ℃ until the reaction is complete;
adding purified water, stirring, standing for layering, washing an organic layer with purified water, concentrating the organic layer until the organic layer is dry, adding petroleum ether, dispersing and crystallizing to obtain a compound 3.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the biphenyl liquid crystal material, the synthesis process of the compound 4 comprises the following steps:
putting a compound 1, 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, 1, 4-dioxane, powdered potassium carbonate and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium into a reaction vessel, heating for reflux reaction, cooling to 10-20 ℃ after the reaction is finished, adding ethyl acetate, filtering to remove salts, and concentrating the filtrate to be dry;
adding ethyl acetate and water, stirring, standing for layering, extracting water layer with ethyl acetate, mixing organic phases, concentrating to dryness, adding petroleum ether, heating for refluxing, and cooling to 0-5 deg.C; the crystals were stirred, filtered and dried to give compound 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as being limited thereto.
Example 1:
synthesis of Compound 1
Introducing nitrogen into a dry and clean 5L four-neck flask, adding 135g of 4-ethyl phenylacetylene, 330g of 4-iodophenylboronic acid ester and 3500ml of tetrahydrofuran, heating to 60 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding 0.3g of triphenylphosphine palladium dichloride, 0.3g of cuprous iodide and 200ml of triethylamine, and carrying out reflux reaction for 6 hours. After the reaction is finished, 15g of activated carbon is added for decolorization for 30min, the filtrate is filtered and concentrated to be dry to obtain a light yellow solid, 600ml of petroleum ether is added, the temperature is raised to 50-55 ℃, the mixture is stirred for 30min, the temperature is lowered to 0-5 ℃, crystallization is carried out for 6h, and the white-like compound 1285.7 g is obtained after filtration and drying, with the yield of 86%.
Synthesis of Compound 2
255g of 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, 4000ml of dichloromethane, 400g of sodium bicarbonate and 1500ml of purified water are put into a 10L glass reaction bottle, and the temperature is reduced to 10-15 ℃ by stirring. And dropwise adding a mixed solution of 150g of thiophosgene and 500ml of dichloromethane, dropwise adding for about 4-5h, and keeping the temperature at 10-20 ℃ for 4h to completely react after dropwise adding. Adding 1500ml of purified water, stirring for 30 minutes, standing for layering, washing an organic layer with 1500ml of purified water once, concentrating the organic layer until the organic layer is dry, adding 400ml of petroleum ether, dispersing and crystallizing to obtain the compound 2247 g, wherein the yield is 83.2%.
Synthesis of Compound 3
1166 g of compound, 2150 g of compound, 3000ml of 1, 4-dioxane, 300g of powdered potassium carbonate and 0.1g of tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium are put into a 5L four-neck flask, the mixture is heated and refluxed for 7 hours, the temperature is reduced to 10-20 ℃ after the reaction is finished, 500ml of ethyl acetate is added, the salt is removed by filtration, the filtrate is concentrated to be dry, 2500ml of ethyl acetate and 1500ml of water are added, the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes and kept stand for layering, the water layer is extracted by 1000ml of ethyl acetate, the combined organic phase is concentrated to be dry, 1000ml of petroleum ether is added, the temperature is increased and refluxed for 30 minutes, the temperature is reduced to 0-5 ℃, the mixture is stirred and crystallized for 2 hours, and the compound is filtered and dried to obtain 3153.6 g of compound, and the yield is 81.6%.
Example 2:
synthesis of compound 4 into a 5L four-neck flask are added 1166 g of compound, 130g of 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, 3000ml of 1, 4-dioxane, 300g of powdered potassium carbonate and 0.1g of tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, the temperature is raised and the reflux reaction is carried out for 7h, after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to 10-20 ℃, 500ml of ethyl acetate is added, the salt is removed by filtration, the filtrate is concentrated to be dry, 2500ml of ethyl acetate and 1500ml of water are added, the mixture is stirred for 30min and kept stand for layering, the water layer is extracted by 1000ml of ethyl acetate, the organic phases are combined and concentrated to be dry, 1000ml of petroleum ether is added, the temperature is raised and the reflux is carried out for 30min, the temperature is reduced to 0-5 ℃, the mixture is crystallized for 2h by stirring, and the compound is obtained by filtration and drying, 4121.6 g of compound, and the yield is 73.4%.
Synthesis of Compound 3
4120 g of the compound, 2000ml of dichloromethane, 180g of sodium bicarbonate and 700ml of purified water were put into a 5L glass reaction flask, and the temperature was lowered to 10-15 ℃ with stirring. And dropwise adding a mixed solution of 75g of thiophosgene and 300ml of dichloromethane, dropwise adding for about 4-5h, and keeping the temperature at 10-20 ℃ for 4h to completely react after dropwise adding. Adding 1500ml of purified water, stirring for 30 minutes, standing for layering, washing an organic layer with 1500ml of purified water once, concentrating the organic layer until the organic layer is dry, adding 400ml of petroleum ether, dispersing and crystallizing to obtain 399.3 g of a compound, wherein the yield is 73%.
In addition, it is to be noted that specific examples described in the present specification may differ in the names of compounds and the like. All equivalent or simple modifications made according to the principles described in the present patent concepts are included in the scope of protection of the present patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material is disclosed, wherein the biphenyl liquid crystal material is a compound 3, and the structural formula of the biphenyl liquid crystal material is as follows:
Figure FDA0002977130070000011
the method is characterized in that: the compound 3 is synthesized by a compound 1 and a compound 2;
the structural formula of the compound 1 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002977130070000012
the structural formula of the compound 2 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002977130070000013
the synthesis process is as follows: adding a compound 1, a compound 2, 4-dioxane, powdered potassium carbonate and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium into a reaction vessel, heating and refluxing for reaction for a period of time, cooling to 10-20 ℃ after the reaction is finished, adding ethyl acetate, filtering to remove salts, and concentrating the filtrate to be dry;
adding ethyl acetate and water, stirring for a period of time, standing for layering, extracting the water layer with ethyl acetate, mixing the organic phases, concentrating to dryness, adding petroleum ether, heating and refluxing for a period of time, cooling to 0-5 ℃, stirring for crystallization, filtering, and drying to obtain the compound.
2. The method of producing a biphenyl liquid crystal material according to claim 1, wherein:
the preparation method of the compound 1 comprises the following steps:
introducing nitrogen into a dry clean reaction vessel, adding 4-ethyl phenylacetylene, 4-iodophenylboronic acid ester and tetrahydrofuran, heating to 60 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding triphenylphosphine palladium dichloride, cuprous iodide and triethylamine, and carrying out reflux reaction for a period of time;
after the reaction is finished, adding activated carbon for decoloring for a period of time, filtering the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate until the filtrate is dried to obtain a light yellow solid, adding petroleum ether, heating to 50-55 ℃, stirring for a period of time, cooling to 0-5 ℃, crystallizing, filtering and drying to obtain the off-white compound 1.
3. The method of producing a biphenyl liquid crystal material according to claim 1, wherein:
the preparation method of the compound 2 comprises the following steps:
adding 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, dichloromethane, sodium bicarbonate and purified water into a reaction container, stirring and cooling to 10-15 ℃; dropwise adding a mixed solution of thiophosgene and dichloromethane for about 4-5h, and keeping the temperature at 10-20 ℃ for 4h to completely react after the dropwise adding;
adding purified water, stirring, standing for layering, washing the organic layer with purified water for several times, concentrating the organic layer until petroleum ether is added for dispersion and crystallization to obtain a compound 2.
4. A method for preparing biphenyl liquid crystal material, the biphenyl liquid crystal material is compound 3,
the method is characterized in that: the compound 3 is synthesized by synthesizing a compound 4 from a compound 1 and a compound 5;
the structural formula of the compound 5 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002977130070000021
the structural formula of the compound 4 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002977130070000031
the synthesis process of the compound 3 comprises the following steps:
adding the compound 4, dichloromethane, sodium bicarbonate and purified water into a reaction vessel, and stirring and cooling to 10-15 ℃;
dropwise adding a mixed solution of thiophosgene and dichloromethane for about 4-5h, and then preserving heat at 10-20 ℃ until the reaction is complete;
adding purified water, stirring, standing for layering, washing an organic layer with purified water, concentrating the organic layer until the organic layer is dry, adding petroleum ether, dispersing and crystallizing to obtain a compound 3.
5. The method of producing a biphenyl liquid crystal material according to claim 4, wherein:
the synthesis process of the compound 4 comprises the following steps:
putting a compound 1, 2, 6-difluoro-4-iodoaniline, 1, 4-dioxane, powdered potassium carbonate and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium into a reaction vessel, heating for reflux reaction, cooling to 10-20 ℃ after the reaction is finished, adding ethyl acetate, filtering to remove salts, and concentrating the filtrate to be dry;
adding ethyl acetate and water, stirring, standing for layering, extracting water layer with ethyl acetate, mixing organic phases, concentrating to dryness, adding petroleum ether, heating for refluxing, and cooling to 0-5 deg.C; the crystals were stirred, filtered and dried to give compound 4.
CN202110278256.9A 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material Withdrawn CN113234447A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110278256.9A CN113234447A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110278256.9A CN113234447A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113234447A true CN113234447A (en) 2021-08-10

Family

ID=77130308

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110278256.9A Withdrawn CN113234447A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113234447A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117004405A (en) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-07 西安近代化学研究所 Liquid crystal composition having a refractive index of wide Wen Gaoshuang, optical communication element, and high-frequency module

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117004405A (en) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-07 西安近代化学研究所 Liquid crystal composition having a refractive index of wide Wen Gaoshuang, optical communication element, and high-frequency module

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6799037B2 (en) Chemical method
KR101488550B1 (en) Process and intermediates for preparing integrase inhibitors
JP2013047248A (en) Process and intermediates for preparing integrase inhibitor
WO2017096772A1 (en) Method for preparing anti-heart-failure medicine lcz696
KR20190035680A (en) Polymorphism of binalinostet and its production method
CN113234447A (en) Preparation method of biphenyl liquid crystal material
CN102395591A (en) Method for preparing prasugrel
CN104016954B (en) Preparation and purification method of nebivolol intermediate
CN106146485B (en) Method for preparing tedizolid and tedizolid crystal obtained by method
CN104557752A (en) Synthetic method of 1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione compound
CN111961083B (en) Montelukast sodium intermediate compound
CN109912651B (en) Preparation method of benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride
CN104262202B (en) The preparation technology of bambuterol intermediate
CN111635368B (en) A kind of preparation method of amine compound
JP6516576B2 (en) Process for the preparation of (3R, 4S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl)-[3 (S) -hydroxy-3- (4-fluorophenyl) propyl]-[4- (phenylmethoxy) phenyl] -2-azetidinone
CN103910668B (en) A kind of preparation method of 3 alkyl-indol
CN118459425B (en) A method for preparing pyrrolidine-1-amine-dihydrochloride
CN114195737B (en) 5-(Phenyl)-1,3,2,4-dioxathiazole 2-oxide and its preparation
CN116514867A (en) Monophosphine compound and preparation method thereof
KR101525296B1 (en) Lamivudine oxalate and preparation method thereof
CN109970703A (en) Preparation method and application of 1,3-heterocyclic substituted aromatic ketones
CN107973714A (en) A kind of preparation method of monomethyl ester salt
CN119707933A (en) Synthesis method of 1- (-) -3- [5- (-) -1H-tetrazol-1-yl ] -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid
CN107522763B (en) Preparation method of (2'R) -2' -deoxy-2 '-fluoro-2' -methyluridine
CN118164846A (en) A method for synthesizing dexketoprofen, intermediates thereof and uses thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20210810