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CN113219873A - Phased array antenna motion control device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Phased array antenna motion control device and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113219873A
CN113219873A CN202110510498.6A CN202110510498A CN113219873A CN 113219873 A CN113219873 A CN 113219873A CN 202110510498 A CN202110510498 A CN 202110510498A CN 113219873 A CN113219873 A CN 113219873A
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phased array
array antenna
antenna
unit
azimuth
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CN113219873B (en
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许幼成
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Shanghai Advanced Avionics Co ltd
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Shanghai Advanced Avionics Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种相控阵天线运动控制装置及其控制方法,所述相控阵天线运动控制装置包括相控阵天线主体和机械执行单元,所述相控阵天线主体安装在机械执行单元上;所述相控阵天线主体包括天馈单元、控制单元和第一运动传感单元;所述机械执行单元包括天线安装结构和底座,所述底座上设置有第二运动传感单元;所述相控阵天线主体通过天线安装结构安装固定在底座上。本发明通过机械执行单元的机械调节结合相控阵天线主体的相位调节实现无盲区扫描;相控阵天线主体的电扫描速度快保证跟踪速度;信号捕获的全空域扫描方法和信号跟踪的多次逼近扫描方法,保证了跟踪的实时性和准确性。

Figure 202110510498

The invention discloses a phased array antenna motion control device and a control method thereof. The phased array antenna motion control device includes a phased array antenna main body and a mechanical execution unit, and the phased array antenna main body is installed on the mechanical execution unit. the main body of the phased array antenna includes an antenna feeder unit, a control unit and a first motion sensing unit; the mechanical execution unit includes an antenna mounting structure and a base, and the base is provided with a second motion sensing unit; The phased array antenna body is mounted and fixed on the base through the antenna mounting structure. The present invention realizes scanning without blind area through the mechanical adjustment of the mechanical execution unit combined with the phase adjustment of the phased array antenna body; the electrical scanning speed of the phased array antenna body is fast to ensure the tracking speed; the full-space scanning method for signal capture and the multiple times of signal tracking The approximation scanning method ensures the real-time and accurate tracking.

Figure 202110510498

Description

Phased array antenna motion control device and control method thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a motion control device and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a motion control device and a control method thereof for a phased array antenna.
Background
The low-orbit communication satellite has the characteristics of short transmission delay, small path loss, high communication rate and the like, and has greater advantages compared with the communication of the geostationary satellite in the low-orbit satellite communication, but the low-orbit satellite is not static relative to the ground and has high motion speed relative to the ground, so that the antenna of the ground communication equipment is required to have the capability of quickly and real-timely tracking the satellite, and meanwhile, in order to adapt to the requirements of dynamic carriers such as vehicle-mounted carriers, ship-mounted carriers, airborne carriers and the like on the satellite communication, the ground communication equipment also needs to compensate the attitude change of the carriers so as to ensure that the antenna keeps aligning with the satellite. The current communication-in-motion antenna is generally a parabolic antenna based on a pitching-azimuth turntable, the movement of the turntable is mechanical movement, the defects of low tracking speed, zenith blind area and the like exist, and when the attitude change of a carrier is large, a scanning blind area may exist. The phased array antenna can realize antenna pointing tracking by adjusting the phase, the speed is very high, the pointing switching interval is microsecond-level to millisecond-level, but the adjustment range of the phased array antenna is limited, and the phased array antenna is not suitable for tracking the low-orbit satellite in a large-range movement. Therefore, the prior art is in need of improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a phased array antenna motion control device and a control method thereof, which are used for realizing the rapid tracking without scanning blind areas by combining the mechanical motion of a phased array antenna and a traditional communication-in-motion antenna.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the motion control device of the phased array antenna comprises a phased array antenna main body and a mechanical execution unit, wherein the phased array antenna main body is arranged on the mechanical execution unit; the phased array antenna main body comprises an antenna feeder unit, a control unit and a first motion sensing unit; the mechanical execution unit comprises an antenna mounting structure and a base, and a second motion sensing unit is arranged on the base; the phased array antenna main body is fixedly arranged on a base through an antenna mounting structure, the base is arranged on a movable carrier, and the movable carrier is a vehicle, a ship or an airplane; the antenna feeder unit, the first motion sensing unit, the second motion sensing unit and the mechanical execution unit are electrically connected with the control unit.
Furthermore, the antenna feeder unit is used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves for satellite communication, the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the posture and the direction of the phased array antenna main body through electromagnetic energy information received by the antenna feeder unit, and controls the antenna feeder unit to adjust the phase and further adjust the pointing direction of the phased array antenna main body; the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit feed back real-time state information of the phased array antenna main body and the moving carrier to the control unit.
Furthermore, the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit both comprise a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis magnetometer and a three-axis gyroscope; the first motion sensing unit detects real-time attitude and azimuth information of the phased array antenna main body, and the second motion sensing unit detects real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier.
Furthermore, the antenna mounting structure of the mechanical execution unit comprises a small pitching-azimuth turntable, and the antenna mounting structure drives the phased array antenna main body to perform pitching motion and horizontal-azimuth rotation motion relative to the base and the mobile carrier; the pitching motion angle range of the phased array antenna main body is 0-90 degrees, and the rotation angle range of the phased array antenna main body in the horizontal direction is 0-360 degrees.
Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is to provide a control method for a phased array antenna motion control apparatus, including the steps of: s1, scanning in full airspace to search satellite signals, and recording the position with the strongest signal energy, namely the position of the satellite; s2, the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the posture and the orientation of the phased array antenna main body, so that the strongest orientation falls into the electric scanning range of the phased array antenna; s3, the control unit controls the phase of the antenna feed system to make the antenna beam aim at the satellite direction to realize the satellite signal capture; s4: with the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, the space domain near the satellite position at the previous moment is scanned by adopting multiple approximation scanning, and the phase of a mechanical execution unit or an antenna is coordinately controlled, so that the wave beam of the phased array antenna always points to the position of the strongest signal of electromagnetic energy, and the tracking and locking of the satellite signal are realized.
Further, the full spatial domain scanning in step S1 includes the following steps: s11: dividing a sky airspace into a plurality of grid partitions; s12: electrically scanning the grid subareas in the electric scanning area of the phased array antenna; s13: the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to perform mechanical scanning on the grid subareas outside the electric scanning area of the phased array antenna, so that the grid subareas originally outside the electric scanning area of the phased array antenna are converted into the grid subareas inside the electric scanning area of the phased array antenna; s14: repeating the steps S32-S33 until the scanning of all the grid partitions in the nearby airspace is finished; s15: and the control unit compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, and the square grid with the maximum energy value is the square grid with the strongest signal, namely the azimuth of the satellite.
Furthermore, the electric scanning means that the antenna feed unit changes the beam direction of the antenna by adjusting the phase to scan the electromagnetic energy of each grid partition of the electric scanning area; the mechanical scanning means that the mechanical execution unit changes the posture of the antenna main body by adjusting a pitch angle and an azimuth angle, and then changes an electric scanning area; the antenna feeder unit performs electrical scanning in a conical airspace within the range of +/-60 degrees, the electrical scanning area is a circular area of the airspace projected by the conical airspace, and the electrical scanning area is a range of transmitting or receiving electromagnetic wave beams.
Further, the electrical scanning scans electromagnetic energy of each grid partition of the electrical scanning area in a traversing manner, where the traversing manner is a manner of rotating outward from a central point, or a serpentine row-by-row/column-by-row manner.
Further, the multiple approximation scan in step S4 specifically includes: s41: along with the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, in order to continuously track the satellite signal, the near airspace taking the satellite azimuth at the previous moment as a central point is electrically scanned, and the range of the near airspace is determined according to the movement speed of the satellite and the movement speed of the carrier; s42: respectively carrying out primary electric scanning on the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of a circular area determined by a nearby airspace; s43: the control unit compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, confirms the azimuth with the maximum energy value, takes the azimuth as a new central point and electrically scans the airspace near the azimuth as a new central point; s44: when the nearby airspace exceeds the electric scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to change the posture of the phased array antenna main body, so that the nearby airspace falls into the electric scanning range; s45: and repeating the steps S42-S44 until the azimuth with the maximum energy is found, namely the azimuth of the satellite at the current moment.
Furthermore, in the full airspace scanning for realizing satellite initial signal capture and multiple approach scanning for realizing satellite signal tracking and locking, when the mobile carrier shakes, changes the motion direction or changes the attitude, the second motion sensing unit transmits the measured real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier to the control unit, the control unit calculates to obtain the attitude angle and the azimuth angle of the phased array antenna main body to be compensated, the phase adjustment is carried out through the antenna feed unit to compensate the phased array beam direction, and when the compensated attitude angle and the azimuth angle calculated by the control unit exceed the electric scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to compensate the exceeded part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a phased array antenna motion control device and a control method thereof, which realize non-blind area scanning by combining mechanical adjustment of a mechanical execution unit with phase adjustment of a phased array antenna main body; the electric scanning speed of the phased array antenna main body is high, and the tracking speed is ensured; the pitching angle and the azimuth angle of the phased array antenna main body are fed back through the first motion sensing unit, and closed-loop control of mechanical adjustment is achieved; the attitude compensation of the phased array antenna main body is carried out on the measured real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier through the second motion sensing unit, so that the tracking accuracy is ensured; the full-space scanning method for signal capture and the multiple approximation scanning method for signal tracking ensure the real-time and accuracy of tracking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a phased array antenna motion control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of spatial domain partitioning and scanning range in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotational traversal electrical scan in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a serpentine column-by-column traversal scan according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of multiple approximation scan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an architecture of a motion control device for a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a phased array antenna motion control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a phased array antenna main body and a mechanical execution unit, where the phased array antenna main body is mounted on the mechanical execution unit; the phased array antenna main body comprises an antenna feeder unit, a control unit and a first motion sensing unit; the mechanical execution unit comprises an antenna mounting structure and a base, and a second motion sensing unit is arranged on the base; the phased array antenna main body is fixedly arranged on a base through an antenna mounting structure, the base is arranged on a movable carrier, and the movable carrier is a vehicle, a ship or an airplane; the antenna feeder unit, the first motion sensing unit, the second motion sensing unit and the mechanical execution unit are electrically connected with the control unit.
Specifically, in the phased array antenna motion control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna feeder unit is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves for satellite communication, and the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the attitude and the orientation of the phased array antenna main body through electromagnetic energy information received by the antenna feeder unit, and controls the antenna feeder unit to adjust the phase, thereby further adjusting the pointing direction of the phased array antenna main body; the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit feed back real-time state information of the phased array antenna main body and the mobile carrier to the control unit; the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit comprise a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis magnetometer and a three-axis gyroscope; the first motion sensing unit detects real-time attitude and azimuth information of the phased array antenna main body, and the second motion sensing unit detects real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier.
Preferably, in the phased array antenna motion control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna mounting structure of the mechanical execution unit includes a small pitch-azimuth turntable, and the antenna mounting structure drives the phased array antenna main body to perform pitch motion and horizontal rotation motion with respect to the base and the mobile carrier; the pitching motion angle range of the phased array antenna main body is 0-90 degrees, and the rotation angle range of the phased array antenna main body in the horizontal direction is 0-360 degrees.
The control method of the phased array antenna motion control device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning in full airspace to search satellite signals, and recording the position with the strongest signal energy, namely the position of the satellite;
s2, the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the posture and the orientation of the phased array antenna main body, so that the strongest orientation falls into the electric scanning range of the phased array antenna;
s3, the control unit controls the phase of the antenna feed system to make the antenna beam aim at the satellite direction to realize the satellite signal capture;
s4: with the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, the space domain near the satellite position at the previous moment is scanned by adopting multiple approximation scanning, and the phase of a mechanical execution unit or an antenna is coordinately controlled, so that the wave beam of the phased array antenna always points to the position of the strongest signal of electromagnetic energy, and the tracking and locking of the satellite signal are realized.
The phased array antenna body scanning mode comprises electrical scanning and mechanical scanning. The electric scanning means that the antenna feeder unit changes the direction of the antenna by adjusting the phase to scan the electromagnetic energy in an electric scanning area; the mechanical scanning means that the mechanical execution unit changes the direction of the antenna by adjusting the pitch angle and the azimuth angle to scan the space of a nearby airspace; the antenna feeder unit performs electric scanning in a conical airspace within the range of +/-60 degrees, the electric scanning area is a circular area in which the conical airspace is projected to a nearby airspace, the electric scanning area is an electromagnetic wave beam coverage range, and the range is determined by the beam width of the phased array antenna body. In the electric scanning blind area, the mechanical actuating mechanism outputs extra pitch angle and azimuth angle for adjustment, thereby carrying out full airspace scanning.
The full airspace scanning is to divide the airspace into a plurality of grid partitions, wherein the large circle represents a nearby airspace, the small circle represents an electric scanning area, and the full airspace scanning specifically comprises: electrically scanning the grid subareas in the electric scanning area in a nearby airspace; the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to perform mechanical scanning; within the small circle range of the solid line in fig. 2, each square is directly scanned electrically; outputting an attitude angle and an azimuth angle by a mechanical execution unit outside a small circle range in an electric scanning blind area figure 2 to enable the blind area to enter the electric scanning range, such as a dotted line small circle in the figure 2, then performing electric scanning on each square in the range, and changing the original blind area into an reachable range of the electric scanning after the mechanical execution unit outputs an attitude angle and an azimuth angle; and repeating the electrical scanning and the mechanical scanning until the scanning control unit of all the grid partitions of the nearby airspace compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, wherein the grid with the largest energy value is the grid with the strongest signal, namely the direction of the satellite, and finishing the signal acquisition.
The mechanical scanning is used in conjunction with the electrical scanning to traverse each square in the near airspace in a manner that rotates outward from the center point, or in a serpentine column-by-column/row-by-row manner, such as in the direction of the directional lines of fig. 3 or 4.
In the signal capturing stage, when the mobile carrier shakes, the motion direction changes or the attitude changes, attitude compensation of the phased array antenna main body is carried out in the full airspace scanning process, the second motion sensing unit transmits the measured real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier to the control unit, the control unit calculates and obtains the attitude angle and the azimuth angle of the phased array antenna main body needing compensation, phase adjustment is carried out through the antenna feed unit to compensate the direction of the phased array main body, and when the compensation attitude angle and the azimuth angle calculated by the control unit exceed the electric scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to compensate the exceeding part.
After the signals are captured, due to the movement of the carrier and the satellite, the wave beam of the phased array antenna body still stays in the direction of the satellite at the previous moment, so that the actual satellite is deviated, the phased array antenna body then carries out multiple approaching scanning on a nearby airspace and points to the maximum value of the signals, and the signal tracking is realized.
Referring to fig. 5, in the control method of the phased array antenna motion control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large circle of the solid line represents a near airspace, the small circle of the dotted line represents a beam coverage of the phased array antenna body, the five-pointed star of the dotted line represents a satellite at a previous time, and the five-pointed star of the solid line represents a satellite at a current time. The phased array antenna body performs one electrical scanning in a nearby airspace, for example, as shown in fig. 5, signal energy detection is performed sequentially from top to bottom, from left to right, and the detected electromagnetic energy is sent to the control unit for judgment, so that the orientation of the satellite can be further locked, as shown by a small solid line circle in fig. 5. Performing multiple electrical scans in this manner gradually reduces the range and obtains the direction of the satellite at the current time.
The multiple approximation scan specifically includes:
s41: along with the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, in order to continuously track the satellite signal, the near airspace taking the satellite azimuth at the previous moment as a central point is electrically scanned, and the range of the near airspace is determined according to the movement speed of the satellite and the movement speed of the carrier;
s42: respectively carrying out primary electric scanning on the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of a circular area determined by a nearby airspace;
s43: the control unit compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, confirms the azimuth with the maximum energy value, takes the azimuth as a new central point and electrically scans the airspace near the azimuth as a new central point;
s44: when the nearby airspace exceeds the electric scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitching angle and the azimuth angle to change the posture of the phased array antenna main body, so that the nearby airspace falls into the electric scanning range;
s45: and repeating the steps S42-S44 until the azimuth with the maximum energy is found, namely the azimuth of the satellite at the current moment.
In summary, the phased array antenna motion control apparatus and the control method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention implement blind-area-free scanning by combining mechanical adjustment of the mechanical execution unit with phase adjustment of the phased array antenna main body; the electric scanning speed of the phased array antenna main body is high, and the tracking speed is ensured; the pitching angle and the azimuth angle of the phased array antenna main body are fed back through the first motion sensing unit, and closed-loop control of mechanical adjustment is achieved; carrying out attitude compensation on the phased array antenna main body through the second motion sensing unit according to the measured real-time attitude and azimuth information of the mobile carrier; the tracking accuracy is ensured; the full-space scanning method for signal capture and the multiple approximation scanning method for signal tracking ensure the real-time and accuracy of tracking.
Although the present invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种相控阵天线运动控制装置,其特征在于,包括相控阵天线主体和机械执行单元,所述相控阵天线主体安装在机械执行单元上;所述相控阵天线主体包括天馈单元、控制单元和第一运动传感单元;所述机械执行单元包括天线安装结构和底座,所述底座上设置有第二运动传感单元;所述相控阵天线主体通过天线安装结构安装固定在底座上,所述底座设置在移动载体上,所述移动载体为车、船或者飞机;所述天馈单元、第一运动传感单元、第二运动传感单元、机械执行单元与控制单元电连接。1. a phased array antenna motion control device, is characterized in that, comprises phased array antenna main body and mechanical execution unit, and described phased array antenna main body is installed on the mechanical execution unit; Described phased array antenna main body comprises a feeder unit, a control unit and a first motion sensing unit; the mechanical execution unit includes an antenna mounting structure and a base, and a second motion sensing unit is arranged on the base; the phased array antenna body is installed through the antenna mounting structure Fixed on the base, the base is set on the mobile carrier, and the mobile carrier is a car, a ship or an airplane; the antenna feeder unit, the first motion sensing unit, the second motion sensing unit, the mechanical execution unit and the control unit The unit is electrically connected. 2.如权利要求1所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置,其特征在于,所述天馈单元用于发射和接收对星通信的电磁波,所述控制单元通过天馈单元接收的电磁能量信息控制机械执行单元调整相控阵天线主体的姿态和方位,同时控制天馈单元调节相位,进一步调节相控阵天线主体的指向;所述第一运动传感单元和第二运动传感单元反馈相控阵天线主体和移动载体的实时状态信息到控制单元。2 . The phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 1 , wherein the antenna feed unit is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves for satellite communication, and the control unit passes electromagnetic energy information received by the antenna feed unit. 3 . The mechanical execution unit is controlled to adjust the posture and orientation of the main body of the phased array antenna, and at the same time, the antenna feeder unit is controlled to adjust the phase, and the orientation of the main body of the phased array antenna is further adjusted; the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit feedback the phase The real-time status information of the array antenna body and the mobile carrier is sent to the control unit. 3.如权利要求2所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置,其特征在于,所述第一运动传感单元和第二运动传感单元都包括三轴加速度计、三轴磁强计和三轴陀螺仪;所述第一运动传感单元检测相控阵天线主体的实时姿态和方位信息,所述第二运动传感单元检测移动载体的实时姿态和方位信息。3. The phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 2, wherein the first motion sensing unit and the second motion sensing unit both comprise a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis magnetometer and a three-axis magnetometer. an axis gyroscope; the first motion sensing unit detects the real-time attitude and orientation information of the main body of the phased array antenna, and the second motion sensing unit detects the real-time attitude and orientation information of the mobile carrier. 4.如权利要求2所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置,其特征在于,所述机械执行单元的天线安装结构包括小型俯仰-方位型转台,所述天线安装结构带动相控阵天线主体相对于底座和移动载体进行俯仰运动和水平方位的旋转运动;所述相控阵天线主体俯仰运动角度范围为0-90°,所述相控阵天线主体水平方位的旋转运动的角度范围为0-360°。4. The phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 2, wherein the antenna installation structure of the mechanical execution unit comprises a small pitch-azimuth type turntable, and the antenna installation structure drives the phased array antenna main body to face each other. Perform pitch motion and horizontal azimuth rotational motion on the base and the mobile carrier; the pitch motion angle range of the phased array antenna main body is 0-90°, and the phased array antenna main body horizontal azimuth rotational motion angle range is 0- 360°. 5.一种相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,采用如权利要求1-4任一项所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:5. A control method of a phased array antenna motion control device, using the phased array antenna motion control device as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, comprising the steps: S1:全空域扫描搜索卫星信号,记录信号能量最强方位,即为卫星的方位;S1: Scan the entire airspace to search for satellite signals, and record the azimuth with the strongest signal energy, which is the azimuth of the satellite; S2:控制单元控制机械执行单元调整相控阵天线主体的姿态和方位,使得最强方位落入相控阵天线电扫描范围;S2: the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the attitude and orientation of the main body of the phased array antenna, so that the strongest orientation falls within the electrical scanning range of the phased array antenna; S3:控制单位对天馈系统进行相位控制,使天线波束对准卫星的方位,实现卫星信号捕获;S3: The control unit controls the phase of the antenna feeder system, so that the antenna beam is aligned with the azimuth of the satellite to achieve satellite signal capture; S4:随着卫星和移动载体的运动,采用多次逼近扫描对前一时刻的卫星方位的附近空域进行扫描,协调控制机械执行单元或天线相位,使得相控阵天线波束始终指向电磁能量最强信号方位,实现卫星信号跟踪和锁定。S4: With the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, use multiple approximation scans to scan the nearby airspace of the satellite azimuth at the previous moment, and coordinately control the mechanical execution unit or antenna phase, so that the phased array antenna beam always points to the strongest electromagnetic energy Signal azimuth to achieve satellite signal tracking and locking. 6.如权利要求5所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中全空域扫描包括下步骤:6. The control method of the phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 5, wherein in the step S1, the full-space scanning comprises the following steps: S11:将天空空域划分成多个方格分区;S11: Divide the sky airspace into multiple square divisions; S12:对位于相控阵天线电扫描区域内的方格分区进行电扫描;S12: Perform electrical scanning on the grid partitions located in the electrical scanning area of the phased array antenna; S13:对位于相控阵天线电扫描区域外的方格分区,控制单元控制机械执行单元调节俯仰角度和方位角度进行机械扫描,使原来位于相控阵天线电扫描区域外的方格分区转变为相控阵天线电扫描区域内的方格分区;S13: For the grid partitions located outside the electrical scanning area of the phased array antenna, the control unit controls the mechanical execution unit to adjust the pitch angle and azimuth angle to perform mechanical scanning, so that the grid partitions originally located outside the electrical scanning area of the phased array antenna are transformed into Grid division in the electrical scanning area of the phased array antenna; S14:重复步骤S32-S33直到完成附近空域所有方格分区的扫描;S14: Repeat steps S32-S33 until the scanning of all square partitions in the nearby airspace is completed; S15:控制单元对扫描得到的电磁能量进行比较,能量值最大的方格为信号最强方格,即为卫星所在方位。S15: The control unit compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, and the square with the largest energy value is the square with the strongest signal, which is the azimuth of the satellite. 7.如权利要求6所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,其特征在于,所述电扫描是指天馈单元通过调节相位改变天线波束指向,对电扫描区域的各个方格分区的电磁能量的扫描;所述机械扫描是指机械执行单元通过调节俯仰角和方位角度改变天线主体姿态,继而改变电扫描区域;所述天馈单元进行电扫描的范围为±60°的圆锥形空域,所述电扫描区域为圆锥形空域投射到空域的圆形区域,所述电扫描区域为发射或接收电磁波波束的的范围。7 . The control method of the phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 6 , wherein the electrical scanning refers to that the antenna-feeder unit changes the antenna beam pointing by adjusting the phase to partition each grid in the electrical scanning area. 8 . The scanning of electromagnetic energy; the mechanical scanning refers to that the mechanical execution unit changes the attitude of the main body of the antenna by adjusting the pitch angle and the azimuth angle, and then changes the electrical scanning area; the range of electrical scanning performed by the antenna feeder unit is a conical shape of ±60° Airspace, the electrical scanning area is a circular area projected from a conical airspace to the airspace, and the electrical scanning area is a range for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic wave beams. 8.如权利要求7所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,其特征在于,所述电扫描采用遍历的方式对电扫描区域的各个方格分区的电磁能量进行扫描,遍历的方式为从中心点向外旋转的方式,或者为蛇形逐列/逐行的方式。8. The control method of a phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 7, wherein the electrical scanning adopts a traversal method to scan the electromagnetic energy of each grid partition in the electrical scanning area, and the traversal method It is the way of rotating outward from the center point, or the way of serpentine column-by-column/row-by-row. 9.如权利要求6所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中多次逼近扫描具体包括:9. The control method of the phased array antenna motion control device according to claim 6, wherein the multiple approximation scans in the step S4 specifically include: S41:随着卫星和移动载体的运动,为连续跟踪卫星信号,对前一时刻的卫星方位作为中心点的附近空域进行电扫描,附近空域的范围大小的根据卫星运动速度和载体运动速度确定;S41: With the movement of the satellite and the mobile carrier, in order to continuously track the satellite signal, electronically scan the nearby airspace with the satellite azimuth at the previous moment as the center point, and the size of the nearby airspace is determined according to the speed of the satellite movement and the movement speed of the carrier; S42:对附近空域所确定的圆形区域的上、下、左、右四个方向各进行一次电扫描;S42: Perform an electrical scan on each of the four directions of up, down, left and right of the circular area determined in the nearby airspace; S43:控制单元对扫描得到的电磁能量进行比较,确认能量值最大的方位,并将该方位作为新的中心点,并对其附近空域进行电扫描;S43: The control unit compares the electromagnetic energy obtained by scanning, confirms the azimuth with the largest energy value, takes this azimuth as a new center point, and conducts an electrical scan in the nearby airspace; S44:当附近空域超出电扫描范围时,机械执行单元调节俯仰角度和方位角度改变相控阵天线主体姿态,使附近空域全部落入电扫描范围;S44: When the nearby airspace exceeds the electrical scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitch angle and azimuth angle to change the attitude of the main body of the phased array antenna, so that all the nearby airspace falls into the electrical scanning range; S45:重复步骤S42-S44直到找到能量最大的方位,即为卫星当前时刻所在方位。S45: Repeat steps S42-S44 until the azimuth with the greatest energy is found, which is the azimuth of the satellite at the current moment. 10.如权利要求5所述的相控阵天线运动控制装置的控制方法,其特征在于,在实现卫星初始信号捕获的全空域扫描和实现卫星信号跟踪和锁定的多次逼近扫描中,所述移动载体发生抖动、运动方向变化或者姿态变化时,第二运动传感单元将测量的移动载体的实时姿态和方位信息传输给控制单元,控制单元计算得到相控阵天线主体需要补偿的姿态角和方位角,并通过天馈单元进行相位调整对相控阵波束指向进行补偿,当控制单元计算的补偿姿态角和方位角超出电扫描范围时,由机械执行单元调节俯仰角度和方位角度对超出的部分进行补偿。10. The control method of a phased array antenna motion control device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, in the full-space scanning for realizing satellite initial signal acquisition and the multiple approximation scanning for realizing satellite signal tracking and locking, the When the moving carrier shakes, changes in the direction of movement or changes in attitude, the second motion sensing unit transmits the measured real-time attitude and orientation information of the moving carrier to the control unit, and the control unit calculates the attitude angle and The azimuth angle is adjusted by the antenna-feeder unit to compensate the phased array beam pointing. When the compensated attitude angle and azimuth angle calculated by the control unit exceed the electrical scanning range, the mechanical execution unit adjusts the pitch angle and azimuth angle to compensate for the excess. partially compensated.
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