CN113217581B - A reducer for circular saw machine with stable operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed reducer for a circular saw, which runs stably, and is additionally provided with a friction ring and a friction assembly on the basis of the conventional speed reducer, wherein the friction ring and the friction assembly generate a resistance to absorb shock of a blade connected with the speed reducer, and simultaneously, the transmission clearance of each gear in a shell can be reduced, and the transmission precision of the speed reducer is improved.

Description

A reducer for circular saw machine with stable operation

technical field

The invention relates to a reducer for a circular saw machine with stable operation.

Background technique

The reducer is a reducer, which is a device that plays the role of matching the speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover or the actuator, and is widely used in modern machinery. In the circular saw machine, the reducer is used to drive the blade to cut. When the circular saw machine is cutting the workpiece, the blade will vibrate, and cutting in a vibrating state for a long time will reduce the life of the blade and even cause the blade to break. The vibration of the blade will accelerate the wear between the gears, resulting in a larger gear gap and a decrease in the transmission accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing reducer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a circular saw that can effectively solve the blade vibration through the cooperation of the friction block and the friction ring, and at the same time can automatically replace the friction block, with a long service life and a high degree of automation. Machine reducer.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a reducer for a circular saw machine with stable operation, comprising a casing, an input shaft, an output shaft, and a reduction mechanism arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft, the input shaft, The output shaft and the deceleration mechanism are both arranged in the casing, and it is characterized in that: the output shaft is provided with a deceleration gear, one side of the output shaft is provided with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected with the casing, and the transmission A transmission gear is provided on the shaft at a position opposite to the reduction gear. The reduction gear is meshed with the transmission gear. One end of the transmission shaft penetrates the inner wall of the casing and extends to the outside of the casing. There is a friction ring, and one side of the friction ring is provided with a friction component for contacting with the friction ring so as to transmit a rotational resistance to the transmission shaft.

By adopting the above technical solution, the input shaft is connected to the external motor to transmit power, and the reduction mechanism is mainly formed by meshing multi-stage gears. The reduction gear is coaxially arranged on the output shaft, the transmission shaft and the output shaft are arranged in parallel in the housing, the transmission gear and the transmission shaft are arranged coaxially, the reduction gear rotates coaxially with the output shaft, and the reduction gear meshes with the transmission gear to drive the transmission shaft Rotation, the friction ring is coaxially connected with the transmission shaft through the fixed sleeve, and the transmission shaft drives the friction ring to rotate. This resistance is transmitted to the transmission shaft, and then transmitted to the output shaft through the meshing transmission between the transmission gear and the reduction gear, and then the output shaft is transmitted to the reduction mechanism step by step through the reduction gear, which can reduce the transmission clearance of each gear in the housing. , reduce the vibration of the blade and improve the transmission accuracy of the reducer.

The present invention is further provided that: the friction assembly includes two friction blocks and two swing blocks, the two swing blocks are arranged in parallel, the middle parts of the two swing blocks are hinged with each other, and the two swing blocks are arranged at the hinge joints. There are pressure springs, the two friction blocks are respectively fixed at one end of the two swing blocks close to the friction ring, and the two friction blocks are located on the opposite side of the two swing blocks, and the friction ring is located between the two friction blocks. During the time, the end of the swing block away from the friction ring is provided with a drive assembly for driving the two ends of the swing block close to the friction ring to rotate relative to each other with the hinge point as a fulcrum.

By adopting the above technical solution, the friction ring is located in the middle position between the two swing blocks, the two swing blocks are rotatably connected by a rotating rod, and a pressure spring is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the two swing blocks can be moved under the action of the driving assembly. Take the rotating rod as the fulcrum and rotate relative to each other. The side of the friction block close to the friction ring is the wear-resistant block. The friction block transmits resistance through the wear-resistant block and the surface of the friction ring. When the two swing blocks are parallel, the pressure spring is in a relaxed state. When the friction block is in contact with the friction ring, the pressure spring is in a compressed state, and after the driving force is removed from the driving component, the two swing blocks will be reset under the elastic force of the pressure spring.

The present invention is further provided as follows: the drive assembly comprises an electric cylinder, a push block and a drive plate, the push block is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the electric cylinder, and the two ends of the swing blocks away from the friction ring are provided with a drive plate, The side wall of one end of the drive plate close to the push block is inclined, and the two ends of the push block are respectively in contact with the two drive plates. The friction block is detachably connected to the swing block through the vacuum adsorption assembly. There is an installation shell on the side, and the installation shell is provided with a precise conveying component for conveying the new friction block to the connection position between the friction block and the swing block.

By adopting the above technical solution, the electric cylinder is arranged at the end of the swing block away from the friction ring, the opposite side wall of the two drive plates is an inclined surface, the inclined surface is located at one end of the drive plate, and the end of the drive plate away from the inclined surface and the swing block away from the friction ring One end of the push plate is fixedly connected to the side wall, the two ends of the push plate are in contact with the inclined parts of the two drive plates, the piston rod of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the push plate, and the electric cylinder drives the piston rod to move so that the push plate can be inclined along the inclined direction of the drive plate. When the push plate moves toward the friction ring, the two ends of the push plate push the two drive plates away from each other, and the drive plate drives the two swing blocks to rotate opposite each other, so that the friction block is close to the friction ring, and the friction block and the swing block Removable connection, easy to replace the new friction block when the friction block is seriously worn, to ensure that the friction block and the friction ring can continue to contact normally to generate resistance. Waste, and easy installation and disassembly.

The present invention is further provided that: the precise conveying assembly includes a drive motor, a first gear, a sliding rod, a first rack, a limit block, a guide sleeve, and two placement plates, and an installation groove is arranged inside the installation shell, so that the The sliding rod is slidably arranged in the installation groove, the driving motor is located at one end of the sliding rod away from the friction ring, the first gear is coaxially connected with the driving output shaft of the driving motor, and the sliding rod is close to the side of one end of the first gear The wall is provided with a first rack, the first rack is arranged along the length direction of the sliding rod, the first gear is meshed with the first rack, the limit block is fixed in the installation slot, and can be connected with the first rack. A rack is contacted to limit the movement of the sliding rod, the guide sleeve is fixed in the installation groove to guide the sliding rod, the two placing plates are arranged in parallel on the end of the sliding rod away from the driving motor, and one side of the placing plate is provided with There is a storage push assembly for storing new friction blocks and pushing the new friction blocks to a placing plate. A baffle plate is provided on the side of the placing plate away from the storage pushing assembly, and between the sliding rod and the placing plate An auxiliary sliding assembly for improving the sliding smoothness of the sliding rod is provided, and a conveying port is provided on the side wall of the side of the mounting shell close to the placing plate, and the conveying port is communicated with the mounting groove.

By adopting the above technical solution, the driving motor, the first gear, the sliding rod, the first rack, the limit block and the guide sleeve are all located in the installation groove, the driving motor and the end fixed in the installation groove away from the friction ring, the first gear It is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drive motor, the end of the installation slot close to the drive motor runs through the outer side wall of the installation shell, the first rack is fixed on the side wall of the sliding rod close to the first gear side, the sliding rod and the first rack can It extends to the outside of the installation shell, and the limit block is fixed in the installation groove. The limit block can be set on one side of the sliding rod, or a through hole can be set on the limit block for the sliding rod to pass through. The function of the limit rod is: When one end of the first rack is in contact with the limit block, the drive motor stops. At this time, the sliding rod reaches the limit position. The guide sleeve is fixed in the installation groove and is located in the middle of the sliding rod. The interior of the guide sleeve is hollow and has an internal cross-sectional shape. Matching with the sliding rod, the sliding rod passes through the inside of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve can play a guiding role for the sliding of the sliding rod, avoid the direction deviation of the sliding rod during the sliding process, and improve the stability of the sliding rod sliding process. While guiding the sliding rod, the auxiliary sliding assembly is arranged to make the sliding rod slide more smoothly. Two placing plates are arranged parallel to the two sides of the end of the sliding rod away from the driving motor, and the two placing plates correspond to the two swing blocks respectively. In the position where the friction block is installed on the upper side, there are two sets of storage and push components, and they are located on one side of the two placing plates. The two storage and push components can be designed in the installation groove or outside the installation shell. Push the new friction block to the upper surface of the placing plate, and the baffle is set on the upper surface of the placing plate. When the new friction block is in contact with the baffle, the storage and push assembly completes pushing the friction block. At this time, the storage and push assembly is reset and driven. The motor starts to drive the first gear to rotate, and the first gear meshes with the first rack to drive the sliding rod to slide toward the friction ring. The sliding rod takes two placing plates and a new friction block to leave the installation slot through the output port and move close to the swing. The friction block installation position on the block, when the sliding rod reaches the limit position, place the new friction block on the board to the installation position. At this time, the vacuum adsorption component will firmly suck the new friction block. After the new friction block is installed The drive motor drives the first gear to rotate in reverse, and the first gear and the first rack cooperate with each other to drive the sliding rod to slide away from the friction ring. It is stored in the installation slot to protect the placement board.

The present invention further provides that: the auxiliary sliding assembly includes a fixed block, a second gear, and a second rack, one end of the sliding rod away from the driving motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed block, and one end of the fixed block is away from the sliding rod. There are mounting plates on the side, the two placement plates are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate, the second gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed block, and the second rack is fixed on the side of the mounting groove along the length of the sliding rod On the wall, the second gear is meshed with the second rack.

By adopting the above technical solution, the length direction of the fixing block is the same as the length direction of the sliding rod, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the fixing block through the fastener, and the mounting plate is fixed on the end of the fixing block away from the sliding rod through the fastener , the two placing plates are fixed on both sides of the surface of the mounting plate away from the side surface of the fixed block, the second gear is set on one side wall of the fixed block through a rotating shaft, and the second rack is set in the installation groove opposite to the second gear position, the second gear and the second rack are meshed with each other, so that the second gear meshes and rotates on the second rack during the sliding process of the sliding rod, which relieves the pressure of the first gear and the first rack. The second rack and the first rack are respectively arranged on the two sides of the relative sliding rod, so that the cooperation of the second gear and the second rack can not only reduce the pressure of the first gear and the first rack, but also play a role in the sliding rod. The guiding function further improves the sliding stability of the sliding rod.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the storage push assembly includes a push cylinder, a bottom plate, a push plate, and four positioning rods, the four positioning rods are distributed at four corners on the same side of the bottom plate, and the push plates are located at four positioning rods. between the rods and parallel to the bottom plate, the push plate can slide along the length direction of the positioning rod, the push cylinder is located on the side of the bottom plate away from the positioning rod, the bottom plate is provided with a through hole, and the piston of the push cylinder After passing through the through hole, the rod is fixedly connected with the side wall of the push plate on the side close to the bottom plate, and the side of the push plate away from the bottom plate is used for storing new friction blocks.

By adopting the above technical solution, the pushing cylinder and the bottom plate are fixedly connected with the side wall of the installation groove, the lengths of the four positioning rods are all the same, and an inner groove is formed on the opposite inner walls of the four positioning rods, and the inner groove is along the positioning The length direction of the rod runs through the positioning rod, and the space for placing the new friction block is formed between the four positioning rods. The four corners of the new friction block are respectively in the four inner grooves, and the push plate is slidably arranged between the four positioning rods. When the new friction block is pushed, the push cylinder starts to drive the piston rod on it to drive the push plate to move to push the new friction block.

The present invention is further provided as follows: the vacuum adsorption assembly includes a vacuum chamber and an air extraction device, the vacuum chamber is arranged in the swing block and is located at one end close to the friction ring, and an air extraction channel and a pressure relief are arranged on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. The air extraction device is connected to the air extraction channel, the pressure relief channel is communicated with the atmosphere, and the air extraction channel is provided with a first control valve for controlling whether the air extraction channel is conducting or not. A second control valve is provided for controlling whether the pressure relief channel is conducting or not, and an air guide hole is provided on the side wall opposite to the swing block and the friction block, and the air guide hole is communicated with the vacuum chamber.

By adopting the above technical solution, the vacuum chamber can be located at any position in the swing block. Of course, in order to ensure the fixing effect of the friction block, the length of the air guide hole should be as small as possible. Therefore, preferably, the vacuum chamber is located at the end of the swing block close to the friction ring. , the suction device can be any equipment that can pump air. The suction device is fixed on one side of the swing block, and the suction pipe of the suction device is sealed with the suction channel. The first control valve is installed between the suction pipe and the suction channel. During the time, the pressure relief channel is used to communicate with the outside atmosphere, and the second control valve is installed in the pressure relief channel. When the friction block needs to be sucked, the second control valve is closed to close the pressure relief channel, and the first control valve is turned on. In the air extraction channel, the friction block is in contact with one end of the air guide hole, and the air extraction device is activated. The air extraction device pulls out the air in the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber is in a vacuum state. At this time, the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber passes through the air guide hole to tighten the friction block. Suction tightly, in order to ensure a good vacuum environment, after the pumping is completed, first close the first control valve, and then close the pumping device. The first control valve and the second control valve can be controlled by an external single-chip microcomputer, through the vacuum adsorption component To fix the friction block, there is no need to drill holes on the surface of the friction block or design other structures for fixed fit, and it will not leave hard-to-remove waste on the surface of the friction block after use like glue, so that the worn friction block can be removed. Easy to recycle and reuse.

The present invention is further provided that: there are a plurality of the air guide holes and are distributed along the side wall of the swing block at intervals, and the distribution area of the plurality of air guide holes is smaller than the area of the side wall of the friction block.

By adopting the above technical solution, in order to ensure the vacuum effect of the vacuum chamber, and at the same time to improve the fixed stability of the friction block, the air guide holes are designed in the form of a plurality of small holes, and the plurality of air guide holes are distributed at intervals, so that the side walls of the friction block are Each part can be more evenly affected by the vacuum suction.

The invention also discloses a use method suitable for the above-mentioned reducer, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: .

S1. Normal operation: the reducer works, the reduction gear drives the transmission gear to rotate, the transmission gear drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft drives the friction ring to rotate, the electric cylinder starts to drive the piston rod on it to push the push block toward the friction ring, and push the The two ends of the block push the two drive plates respectively, so that the two swing blocks close to one end of the friction ring rotate in opposite directions while squeezing the pressure spring, and the swing block brings the two friction blocks into contact with the friction ring during the opposite rotation;

S2. Replace the friction block: when the friction block is seriously worn, the reducer stops working, and the electric cylinder starts to drive the piston rod on it to drive the push block to move away from the friction ring. At this time, the elastic force of the pressure spring brings the two swing blocks closer to the friction One end of the ring is pushed outward to keep the two friction blocks away from the friction ring, then the vacuum suction assembly performs the release action to release the damaged friction block, the damaged friction block falls off, and the storage push assembly performs the push action to push the new friction block to the precise On the conveying assembly, the precise conveying assembly performs the conveying action to convey the new friction block to the connection between the friction block and the swing block, and the vacuum adsorption assembly performs the adsorption action to fix the new friction block;

The releasing action includes: the first control valve is in a closed state, the second control valve is opened, the atmosphere is communicated with the vacuum chamber, the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the atmospheric pressure, and the friction block is dropped;

The pushing action includes: the pushing cylinder starts and drives the piston rod on it to drive the pushing plate to move, the pushing plate moves away from the bottom plate to push the new friction block onto the placing plate, and when the new friction block contacts the baffle, the pushing plate is pushed The cylinder drives the piston rod on it to move in the opposite direction to retract the push plate;

The conveying action includes: the driving motor starts to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear and the first rack cooperate with each other to drive the sliding rod to move in the direction of approaching the friction ring, and the sliding rod drives the two placing plates to move through the fixed block and the mounting plate, The placing plate brings the new friction block close to the swing block. When one end of the first rack is in contact with the limit block, the drive motor stops. At this time, the placing plate reaches the connection between the friction block and the swing block. Contact with the outer end of the stomata;

The adsorption action includes: the second control valve is in a closed state, the first control valve is opened, the air suction device is activated to pump out the air in the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber tightly sucks the friction block through the air guide hole, and finally The vacuum chamber is in a vacuum state. At this time, the first control valve is closed first, and then the air extraction device is closed.

By adopting the above technical solution, under the normal operation of the reducer, the first control valve is in a closed state, the second control valve is in a closed state, and the vacuum chamber is in a vacuum state. At this time, the friction block and the friction ring cooperate with each other to generate resistance. When the wear is serious, the reducer stops working, the two swing blocks return to their original positions, and the vacuum adsorption component performs the release action. At this time, the friction block is no longer sucked, and the friction block falls freely under the action of gravity, which can be set below to recover The frame recovers the worn friction blocks. During this process, the storage and push components push the new friction blocks to the placing plate. The drive motor starts to drive the first gear to mesh with the first rack to drive the sliding rod to move, and the sliding rod carries the placing plate. The new friction block is transported to the installation position, and the vacuum adsorption component performs the adsorption action to fix the new friction block. The wear of the wear block and the contact between the new friction block and the baffle can be detected by sensors, and then control according to the detection results. The corresponding structure can improve the overall degree of automation and reduce manual labor. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can relieve the vibration of the blade cutting process through the mutual cooperation of the friction block and the friction ring to generate resistance. The replacement of friction blocks can prolong the service life of the reducer. In addition, automatic control can be adopted on the basis of the friction block replacement structure to reduce labor costs.

The present invention is further provided that: a door body for opening and closing the installation groove is provided on the side wall of the installation shell at a position opposite to the storage push assembly.

By adopting the above technical solution, the door body can be opened to store new friction blocks. The new friction blocks are stored between the four positioning rods, and the wear cycle of the friction blocks is long, so generally only two to three new friction blocks need to be stored. That is, storing a small amount of new friction blocks at the same time can also reduce the length of the positioning rod as much as possible, and reduce the volume of the storage push assembly.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention, and the air extraction device is omitted in the figure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precise conveying assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position distribution of the friction component, the driving component, and the installation shell in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure at A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure at B in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure at C in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of four positioning rods in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a door body in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure are represented as:

1-housing, 2-input shaft, 3-output shaft, 4-reduction gear, 5-transmission shaft, 6-transmission gear, 7-friction ring, 8-friction component, 801-friction block, 802-swing block, 803-pressure spring, 901-electric cylinder, 902-push block, 903-drive plate, 904-installation shell, 1001-drive motor, 1002-first gear, 1003-slide rod, 1004-first rack, 1005- Limit block, 1006-Guide sleeve, 1007-Place plate, 1008-Baffle plate, 1009-Conveying port, 1101-Fixing block, 1102-Second gear, 1103-Second rack, 1104-Installation plate, 1201-Push Cylinder, 1202-base plate, 1203-push plate, 1204-positioning rod, 1205-through hole, 1301-vacuum chamber, 1302-exhaust channel, 1303-pressure relief channel, 1304-first control valve, 1305-second control Valve, 1306-air guide hole, 14-door body.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1-8 , the present invention discloses a reducer for a circular saw machine with stable operation, comprising a casing 1 , an input shaft 2 , an output shaft 3 , and a The speed reduction mechanism, the input shaft 2, the output shaft 3 and the speed reduction mechanism are all arranged in the housing 1, in the specific embodiment of the present invention: the output shaft 3 is provided with a reduction gear 4, and one side of the output shaft 3 A transmission shaft 5 is provided, and the transmission shaft 5 is rotatably connected with the casing 1. A transmission gear 6 is provided on the transmission shaft 5 at a position opposite to the reduction gear 4. The reduction gear 4 is meshed with the transmission gear 6, so One end of the transmission shaft 5 penetrates the inner wall of the casing 1 and extends to the outside of the casing 1 . One end of the transmission shaft 5 located outside the casing 1 is provided with a friction ring 7 , and one side of the friction ring 7 is provided with a friction ring 7 for connecting with the friction ring 7 . Contact the friction element 8 which transmits a rotational resistance to the drive shaft 5 .

By adopting the above technical solution, the input shaft 2 is connected to the external motor to transmit power, and the deceleration mechanism is mainly formed by meshing multi-stage gears. Power, the reduction gear 4 is coaxially arranged on the output shaft 3, the transmission shaft 5 is arranged in parallel with the output shaft 3 in the casing 1, the transmission gear 6 is arranged coaxially with the transmission shaft 5, and the reduction gear 4 rotates coaxially with the output shaft 3 , the reduction gear 4 meshes with the transmission gear 6 to drive the transmission shaft 5 to rotate, the friction ring 7 is coaxially connected with the transmission shaft 5 through the fixed sleeve, the transmission shaft 5 drives the friction ring 7 to rotate, and the friction component 8 is arranged on one side of the friction ring 7, The surface of the friction ring 7 is rough, and the friction component 8 can contact the surface of the friction ring 7 to form a resistance. The friction ring 7 transmits this resistance to the transmission shaft 5, and then transmits it to the output shaft 3 through the meshing transmission of the transmission gear 6 and the reduction gear 4. Then, the output shaft 3 is transmitted to the reduction mechanism step by step through the reduction gear 4, which can reduce the transmission gap of each gear in the housing 1, reduce the vibration of the blade, and improve the transmission accuracy of the reducer.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the friction assembly 8 includes two friction blocks 801 and two swing blocks 802, the two swing blocks 802 are arranged in parallel, and the middle parts of the two swing blocks 802 are hinged to each other, and the two swing blocks 802 are hinged to each other in the middle. Compression springs 803 are provided at the hinge joints of the swinging blocks 802 , the two friction blocks 801 are respectively fixed at one end of the two swinging blocks 802 close to the friction ring 7 , and the two friction blocks 801 are located opposite the two swinging blocks 802 The friction ring 7 is located between the two friction blocks 801, and the end of the swing block 802 away from the friction ring 7 is provided with an end for driving the two swing blocks 802 close to the friction ring 7. The hinge point is Drive components that pivot towards each other.

By adopting the above technical solution, the friction ring 7 is located in the middle position between the two swing blocks 802, the two swing blocks 802 are connected in rotation by a rotating rod, and a pressure spring 803 is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the two swing blocks 802 are driving Under the action of the assembly, the rotating rod can be used as a fulcrum to rotate relative to each other. The side of the friction block 801 close to the friction ring 7 is a wear-resistant block. When parallel, the pressure spring 803 is in a relaxed state. When the friction block 801 is in contact with the friction ring 7, the pressure spring 803 is in a compressed state. After the driving component removes the driving force, the two swing blocks 802 will be under the elastic force of the pressure spring 803. reset.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly includes an electric cylinder 901, a push block 902, and a drive plate 903. The push block 902 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder 901, and the two swing blocks 802 are far away from the friction ring. One end of 7 is provided with a drive plate 903, and the side wall of one end of the drive plate 903 close to the push block 902 is inclined, and the two ends of the push block 902 are respectively in contact with the two drive plates 903. The assembly is detachably connected to the swing block 802, and a mounting shell 904 is provided on one side of the swing block 802, and the mounting shell 904 is provided with a new friction block 801 for delivering the friction block 801 to the position where the swing block 802 is connected precise conveying components.

By adopting the above technical solution, the electric cylinder 901 is arranged at the end of the swing block 802 away from the friction ring 7, the opposite side wall of the two drive plates 903 is an inclined surface, the inclined surface is located at one end of the drive plate 903, and the end of the drive plate 903 away from the inclined surface It is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the swing block 802 away from the friction ring 7, the two ends of the push plate are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the two drive plates 903, the piston rod of the electric cylinder 901 is fixedly connected to the middle of the push plate, and the electric cylinder 901 drives the piston rod The movement enables the push plate to move along the inclined direction of the drive plate 903. When the push plate moves towards the friction ring 7, the two ends of the push plate push the two drive plates 903 away from each other, and the drive plate 903 drives the two swinging The block 802 rotates oppositely to make the friction block 801 close to the friction ring 7, and the friction block 801 and the swing block 802 are detachably connected, which is convenient to replace the new friction block 801 when the friction block 801 is seriously worn, and ensures that the friction block 801 and the friction ring 7 can be connected. Continued normal contact produces resistance, and the vacuum adsorption component absorbs the friction block 801 through vacuum suction, which is healthy and environmentally friendly, does not produce waste, and is easy to install and disassemble.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the precise conveying assembly includes a driving motor 1001, a first gear 1002, a sliding rod 1003, a first rack 1004, a limit block 1005, a guide sleeve 1006, and two placing plates 1007. The There is an installation groove inside the installation shell 904, the sliding rod 1003 is slidably arranged in the installation groove, the driving motor 1001 is located at the end of the sliding rod 1003 away from the friction ring 7, the first gear 1002 and the driving output of the driving motor 1001 The shafts are coaxially connected. A first rack 1004 is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod 1003 close to one end of the first gear 1002. The first rack 1004 is arranged along the length of the sliding rod 1003. The first gear 1002 and The first rack 1004 is engaged and connected, the limit block 1005 is fixed in the installation groove, and can contact the first rack 1004 to limit the movement of the sliding rod 1003, and the guide sleeve 1006 is fixed in the installation groove for aligning the sliding rod 1003 for guiding, two of the placing plates 1007 are arranged in parallel on the end of the sliding rod 1003 away from the driving motor 1001, and one side of the placing plate 1007 is provided for storing new friction blocks 801 and can push the new friction blocks 801 to The storage push assembly on the placement plate 1007, a baffle 1008 is provided on the side of the placement plate 1007 away from the storage push assembly, and a baffle 1008 is provided between the sliding rod 1003 and the placing plate 1007 to improve the sliding smoothness of the sliding rod 1003 For the auxiliary sliding assembly, the side wall of the mounting shell 904 close to the placing plate 1007 is provided with a conveying port 1009, and the conveying port 1009 communicates with the mounting groove.

By adopting the above technical solution, the driving motor 1001, the first gear 1002, the sliding rod 1003, the first rack 1004, the limit block 1005, and the guide sleeve 1006 are all located in the installation groove, and the driving motor 1001 and the fixed in the installation groove are far away from friction At one end of the ring 7, the first gear 1002 is coaxially fixed with the drive output shaft of the drive motor 1001, the end of the installation slot close to the drive motor 1001 penetrates the outer wall of the installation shell 904, and the first rack 1004 is fixed on the sliding rod 1003 close to the first gear On the side wall on one side of 1002, the sliding rod 1003 and the first rack 1004 can extend to the outside of the installation shell 904, the limit block 1005 is fixed in the installation groove, and the limit block 1005 can be arranged on one side of the sliding rod 1003, or A through hole can be provided on the limit block 1005 for the sliding rod 1003 to pass through. The function of the limit rod is that when one end of the first rack 1004 contacts the limit block 1005, the driving motor 1001 stops, and the sliding rod 1003 When the limit position is reached, the guide sleeve 1006 is fixed in the installation groove and is located in the middle of the sliding rod 1003. The interior of the guide sleeve 1006 is hollow and the internal cross-sectional shape is adapted to the sliding rod 1003. The sliding rod 1003 passes through the interior of the guide sleeve 1006 and guides the The sleeve 1006 can play a guiding role for the sliding of the sliding rod 1003, avoid the direction deviation of the sliding rod 1003 during the sliding process, and improve the stability of the sliding process of the sliding rod 1003. While guiding the sliding rod 1003, by setting The auxiliary sliding assembly is used to make the sliding rod 1003 slide more smoothly. Two placing plates 1007 are arranged in parallel on both sides of the end of the sliding rod 1003 away from the driving motor 1001. The two placing plates 1007 correspond to the two swing blocks 802 respectively. There are two sets of storage push assemblies, and they are located on one side of the two placement plates 1007 respectively. The two storage push assemblies can be designed in the installation groove or outside the installation shell 904. The friction block 801 is pushed to the upper surface of the placing plate 1007, and the baffle 1008 is set on the upper surface side of the placing plate 1007. When the new friction block 801 is in contact with the baffle 1008, the storage and pushing component pushes the friction block 801 to complete, and the storage The push assembly is reset, the drive motor 1001 starts to drive the first gear 1002 to rotate, the first gear 1002 meshes with the first rack 1004 and drives the sliding rod 1003 to slide toward the friction ring 7. The sliding rod 1003 carries two placing plates 1007 and The new friction block 801 leaves the installation slot through the output port and is close to the installation position of the friction block 801 on the swing block 802. When the sliding rod 1003 reaches the limit position, the placing plate 1007 carries the new friction block 801 and reaches the installation position. At this time, the vacuum The adsorption component firmly sucks the new friction block 801. After the new friction block 801 is installed, the drive motor 1001 drives the first gear 1002 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first gear 1002 and the first rack 1 004 cooperate with each other to drive the sliding rod 1003 to slide away from the friction ring 7, the sliding rod 1003 returns to the installation groove with the two placing plates 1007, and the placing plate 1007 is stored in the installation groove in the reset state, and the placing plate 1007 a protection.

The present invention further provides that: the auxiliary sliding assembly includes a fixing block 1101, a second gear 1102, and a second rack 1103, and one end of the sliding rod 1003 away from the driving motor 1001 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block 1101, and the fixing A mounting plate 1104 is provided on the side of the block 1101 away from the sliding rod 1003. The two placing plates 1007 are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate 1104. The second gear 1102 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed block 1101. The second rack 1103 is fixed on the side wall of the installation slot along the length direction of the sliding rod 1003 , and the second gear 1102 is engaged with the second rack 1103 .

By adopting the above technical solution, the length direction of the fixing block 1101 is the same as the length direction of the sliding rod 1003, one end of the sliding rod 1003 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the fixing block 1101 by a fastener, and the mounting plate 1104 is fixed on the fixing block by a fastener One end of 1101 away from the sliding rod 1003, two placing plates 1007 are fixed on the two sides of the side surface of the mounting plate 1104 away from the fixing block 1101, the second gear 1102 is rotated through a rotating shaft and is arranged on one side wall of the fixing block 1101, the second The rack 1103 is set in the installation groove opposite to the second gear 1102, and the second gear 1102 and the second rack 1103 mesh with each other, so that the second gear 1102 meshes with the second rack 1103 during the sliding process of the sliding rod 1003 The rotation reduces the pressure on the first gear 1002 and the first rack 1004. Preferably, the second rack 1103 and the first rack 1004 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the sliding rod 1003, so that the second gear 1102 and the second The cooperation of the racks 1103 can not only reduce the pressure between the first gear 1002 and the first rack 1004 , but also play a guiding role for the sliding rod 1003 , which further improves the sliding stability of the sliding rod 1003 .

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the storage push assembly includes a push cylinder 1201, a bottom plate 1202, a push plate 1203, and four positioning rods 1204. The four positioning rods 1204 are distributed at four corners on the same side of the bottom plate 1202, The push plate 1203 is located between the four positioning rods 1204 and is parallel to the bottom plate 1202. The push plate 1203 can slide along the length of the positioning rod 1204. The push cylinder 1201 is located on the side of the bottom plate 1202 away from the positioning rod 1204. , the bottom plate 1202 is provided with a through hole 1205, and the piston rod of the push cylinder 1201 passes through the through hole 1205 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push plate 1203 on the side close to the bottom plate 1202, and the push plate 1203 is far away from the bottom plate 1202. One side is used to store new friction pads 801 .

By adopting the above technical solution, both the push cylinder 1201 and the bottom plate 1202 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation groove, the lengths of the four positioning rods 1204 are all the same, and the opposite inner walls of the four positioning rods 1204 are provided with an inner groove, which The groove runs through the positioning rod 1204 along the length direction of the positioning rod 1204, and a space for placing the new friction block 801 is formed between the four positioning rods 1204. The four corners of the new friction block 801 are respectively in the four inner grooves, and the push plate 1203 The sliding is arranged between the four positioning rods 1204 . When the new friction block 801 is pushed, the push cylinder 1201 starts and drives the piston rod on it to drive the push plate 1203 to move and push the new friction block 801 .

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum adsorption assembly includes a vacuum chamber 1301 and an air extraction device. The vacuum chamber 1301 is provided in the swing block 802 and is located at one end close to the friction ring 7 , and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 1301 is provided with a vacuum chamber 1301 . There are an air extraction channel 1302 and a pressure relief channel 1303, the air extraction device is connected to the air extraction channel 1302, the pressure relief channel 1303 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the air extraction channel 1302 is provided with a device for controlling whether the air extraction channel 1302 conducts or not. The first control valve 1304 is connected to the first control valve 1304, the pressure relief channel 1303 is provided with a second control valve 1305 for controlling whether the pressure relief channel 1303 is connected or not, and the side wall of the swing block 802 opposite to the friction block 801 is provided with a guide valve 1305. Air holes 1306, the air guide holes 1306 communicate with the vacuum chamber 1301.

By adopting the above technical solution, the vacuum chamber 1301 can be located at any position in the swing block 802. Of course, in order to ensure the fixing effect of the friction block 801, the length of the air guide hole 1306 should be as small as possible. Therefore, preferably, the vacuum chamber 1301 is located at the swing block. 802 is close to one end of the friction ring 7. The air extraction device can be any device capable of air extraction. The air extraction device is fixed on the side of the swing block 802, and the air extraction pipe of the air extraction device is sealed with the air extraction channel 1302. The first control valve 1304 is installed between the suction pipe and the suction passage 1302, the pressure relief passage 1303 is used to communicate with the outside atmosphere, and the second control valve 1305 is installed in the pressure relief passage 1303. When the friction block 801 needs to be sucked, the second control valve 1305 is closed to close the pressure relief channel 1303, the first control valve 1304 opens and conducts the air extraction channel 1302, the friction block 801 is in contact with one end of the air guide hole 1306, and the air extraction device is activated, and the air extraction device draws out the air in the vacuum chamber 1301 , the vacuum chamber 1301 is in a vacuum state. At this time, the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber 1301 sucks the friction block 801 tightly through the air guide hole 1306. In order to ensure a good vacuum environment, the first control valve 1304 is closed after the pumping is completed. , and then close the air extraction device, the first control valve 1304 and the second control valve 1305 can be controlled by connecting an external single-chip microcomputer, and the friction block 801 can be fixed by the vacuum adsorption assembly, without drilling holes on the surface of the friction block 801 or designing other The structure is used to fix and fit, and no waste that is difficult to remove remains on the surface of the friction block 801 after use like glue, so that the worn friction block 801 can be easily recycled.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, there are a plurality of the air guide holes 1306 and are distributed along the side wall of the swing block 802 at intervals, and the distribution area of the plurality of air guide holes 1306 is smaller than that of the side wall of the friction block 801 .

By adopting the above technical solution, in order to ensure the vacuum effect of the vacuum chamber 1301 and at the same time to improve the fixed stability of the friction block 801, the air guide holes 1306 are designed in the form of a plurality of small holes, and the plurality of air guide holes 1306 are distributed at intervals, so that the friction block Each part of the side wall of 801 can be affected by vacuum suction in a balanced manner.

The present invention also discloses a use method suitable for the above-mentioned reducer. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are included: .

S1. Normal operation: the reducer works, the reduction gear 4 drives the transmission gear 6 to rotate, the transmission gear 6 drives the transmission shaft 5 to rotate, the transmission shaft 5 drives the friction ring 7 to rotate, the electric cylinder 901 starts to drive the piston rod on it to push the block 902 Push in the direction close to the friction ring 7, the two ends of the push block 902 push the two driving plates 903 respectively, so that the two swing blocks 802 close to the friction ring 7 rotate towards each other while pressing the pressure spring 803, and the swing block 802 rotates in the opposite direction. With two friction blocks 801 in contact with the friction ring 7;

S2. Replace the friction block 801: when the friction block 801 is severely worn, the reducer stops working, and the electric cylinder 901 starts to drive the piston rod on it to drive the push block 902 to move away from the friction ring 7. At this time, the elastic force of the pressure spring 803 will The ends of the two swing blocks 802 close to the friction ring 7 are pushed outwards, so that the two friction blocks 801 are far away from the friction ring 7, and then the vacuum suction assembly performs a release action to release the damaged friction blocks 801, and the damaged friction blocks 801 are dropped, and stored and pushed The component performs the push action to push the new friction block 801 onto the precision conveying component, the precision conveying component performs the conveying action to deliver the new friction block 801 to the connection between the friction block 801 and the swing block 802, and the vacuum adsorption component performs the adsorption action to fix the new friction block 801. The friction block 801;

The releasing action includes: the first control valve 1304 is closed, the second control valve 1305 is opened, the atmosphere is communicated with the vacuum chamber 1301, the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1301 is the same as the atmospheric pressure, and the friction block 801 falls;

The pushing action includes: the pushing cylinder 1201 starts and drives the piston rod on it to drive the pushing plate 1203 to move, and the pushing plate 1203 moves away from the bottom plate 1202 to push the new friction block 801 onto the placing plate 1007. When in contact with the baffle plate 1008, the push cylinder 1201 drives the piston rod on it to move in the opposite direction to retract the push plate 1203;

The conveying action includes: the driving motor 1001 starts to drive the first gear 1002 to rotate, the first gear 1002 and the first rack 1004 cooperate with each other to drive the sliding rod 1003 to move toward the friction ring 7, and the sliding rod 1003 passes through the fixing block 1101 and is installed The plate 1104 drives the two placing plates 1007 to move. The placing plate 1007 brings the new friction block 801 close to the swing block 802. When one end of the first rack 1004 contacts the limit block 1005, the driving motor 1001 stops, and the placing plate 1001 stops. 1007 reaches the connection between the friction block 801 and the swing block 802, and the new friction block 801 is in contact with the outer end of the air guide hole 1306;

The adsorption action includes: the second control valve 1305 is closed, the first control valve 1304 is opened, the air extraction device is activated to extract the air in the vacuum chamber 1301, and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber 1301 passes through the air guide hole 1306. Suction tightly, and finally the vacuum chamber 1301 is in a vacuum state. At this time, the first control valve 1304 is closed first, and then the suction device is closed.

By adopting the above technical solution, under the normal operation of the reducer, the first control valve 1304 is in a closed state, the second control valve 1305 is in a closed state, and the vacuum chamber 1301 is in a vacuum state. At this time, the friction block 801 and the friction ring 7 cooperate with each other to produce Resistance, when the friction block 801 is severely worn, the reducer stops working, the two swing blocks 802 return to their original positions, and the vacuum adsorption assembly performs the release action. At this time, the friction block 801 is no longer sucked, and the friction block 801 is under the action of gravity Free fall, a recovery frame can be set at the bottom to recover the worn friction block 801. During this process, the storage push assembly pushes the new friction block 801 onto the placing plate 1007, and the drive motor 1001 starts to drive the first gear 1002 and the first gear 1002. The rack 1004 meshes to drive the sliding rod 1003 to move, the sliding rod 1003 takes the placing plate 1007 to transport the new friction block 801 to the installation position, and the vacuum adsorption component performs the adsorption action to fix the new friction block 801, the wear condition of the wear block and the new friction block 801. The contact between the friction block 801 and the baffle 1008 can be detected by the sensor, and then the corresponding structure is controlled according to the detection result, so as to improve the overall degree of automation and reduce manual labor. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can pass the friction block. 801 and friction ring 7 cooperate with each other to generate resistance to alleviate the vibration of the blade cutting process, and at the same time, the friction block 801 can be replaced by designing a reasonable structure to prolong the service life of the reducer. In addition, the friction block 801 can also be replaced on the basis of the structure. Automatic control is adopted to reduce labor costs.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a door body 14 for opening and closing the installation slot is provided on the side wall of the installation shell 904 at a position opposite to the storage push assembly.

By adopting the above technical solution, the door body 14 can be opened to store the new friction blocks 801. The new friction blocks 801 are all stored between the four positioning rods 1204. The friction blocks 801 have a long wear cycle, so generally only two to two Three new friction blocks 801 are sufficient, while storing a small amount of new friction blocks 801 can also reduce the length of the positioning rod 1204 as much as possible and reduce the volume of the storage push assembly.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a move stable speed reducer for circular saw, includes casing (1), input shaft (2), output shaft (3), establishes the reduction gears between input shaft (2) and output shaft (3), input shaft (2), output shaft (3), reduction gears all establish in casing (1), its characterized in that: a reduction gear (4) is arranged on the output shaft (3), a transmission shaft (5) is arranged on one side of the output shaft (3), the transmission shaft (5) is rotatably connected with the shell (1), a transmission gear (6) is arranged on the transmission shaft (5) and opposite to the reduction gear (4), the reduction gear (4) is meshed with the transmission gear (6), one end of the transmission shaft (5) penetrates through the inner wall of the shell (1) and then extends to the outside of the shell (1), a friction ring (7) is arranged at one end, located outside the shell (1), of the transmission shaft (5), and a friction assembly (8) which is used for contacting with the friction ring (7) so as to transmit a rotation resistance to the transmission shaft (5) is arranged on one side of the friction ring (7);

the friction assembly (8) comprises two friction blocks (801) and two swinging blocks (802), the two swinging blocks (802) are arranged in parallel, the middle parts of the two swinging blocks (802) are hinged to each other, a pressure spring (803) is arranged at the hinged position of the two swinging blocks (802), the two friction blocks (801) are respectively fixed at one ends, close to the friction ring (7), of the two swinging blocks (802), the two friction blocks (801) are located on one opposite side of the two swinging blocks (802), the friction ring (7) is located between the two friction blocks (801), and a driving assembly for driving one ends, close to the friction ring (7), of the two swinging blocks (802) to rotate oppositely by taking a hinge point as a fulcrum is arranged at one end, far away from the friction ring (7), of the swinging blocks (802);

the driving assembly comprises an electric cylinder (901), a push block (902) and driving plates (903), the push block (902) is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the electric cylinder (901), one ends, far away from the friction ring (7), of the two swinging blocks (802) are respectively provided with the driving plates (903), the side walls, close to the push block (902), of one ends of the driving plates (903) are inclined, the two ends of the push block (902) are respectively contacted with the two driving plates (903), the friction block (801) is detachably connected onto the swinging blocks (802) through a vacuum adsorption assembly, one side of each swinging block (802) is provided with a mounting shell (904), and an accurate conveying assembly for conveying the new friction block (801) to the connecting position of the friction block (801) and the swinging block (802) is arranged in the mounting shell (904);

the precise conveying assembly comprises a driving motor (1001), a first gear (1002), a sliding rod (1003), a first rack (1004), a limiting block (1005), a guide sleeve (1006) and two placing plates (1007), wherein a mounting groove is formed in the mounting shell (904), the sliding rod (1003) is arranged in the mounting groove in a sliding mode, the driving motor (1001) is located at one end, far away from a friction ring (7), of the sliding rod (1003), the first gear (1002) is coaxially connected with a driving output shaft of the driving motor (1001), a first rack (1004) is arranged on the side wall, close to one end of the first gear (1002), of the sliding rod (1003), the first rack (1004) is arranged along the length direction of the sliding rod (1003), the first gear (1002) is meshed with the first rack (1004), the limiting block (1005) is fixed in the mounting groove and can be in contact with the first rack (1004) to limit the movement of the sliding rod (1003), the utility model discloses a sliding rod, including the mounting panel, uide bushing (1006) is fixed and is used for leading slide bar (1003) in the mounting groove, two place board (1007) parallel and establish the one end of keeping away from driving motor (1001) in slide bar (1003), place board (1007) one side be equipped with be used for storing new clutch blocks (801) and can push away new clutch blocks (801) to the storage propelling movement subassembly of placing on board (1007), it is equipped with baffle (1008) to place one side of keeping away from on board (1007), slide bar (1003) and place and be equipped with the supplementary slip subassembly that is used for improving slide bar (1003) slip smoothness between board (1007), installation shell (904) are close to and are equipped with on the lateral wall of placing board (1007) one side and carry mouth (1009), carry mouth (1009) and mounting groove intercommunication.

2. The speed reducer for the circular saw machine stable in operation according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary sliding assembly comprises a fixing block (1101), a second gear (1102) and a second rack (1103), one end, far away from a driving motor (1001), of the sliding rod (1003) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the fixing block (1101), one side, far away from the sliding rod (1003), of the fixing block (1101) is provided with a mounting plate (1104), the two placing plates (1007) are fixed to two sides of the mounting plate (1104), the second gear (1102) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixing block (1101), the second rack (1103) is fixed to the side wall of the mounting groove along the length direction of the sliding rod (1003), and the second gear (1102) is meshed with the second rack (1103).

3. The speed reducer for the circular saw machine stable in operation according to claim 2, wherein: store propelling movement subassembly including propelling movement cylinder (1201), bottom plate (1202), propelling movement board (1203), four locating levers (1204) distribute in bottom plate (1202) four angles departments with one side, propelling movement board (1203) are located between four locating levers (1204), and with bottom plate (1202) parallel arrangement, propelling movement board (1203) can be followed locating lever (1204) length direction and slided, propelling movement cylinder (1201) are located bottom plate (1202) and keep away from one side of locating lever (1204), be equipped with through hole (1205) on bottom plate (1202), the piston rod of propelling movement cylinder (1201) passes through hole (1205) back and propelling movement board (1203) are close to the lateral wall fixed connection of bottom plate (1202) one side, one side that bottom plate (1202) were kept away from to bottom plate (1203) is used for storing new friction block (801).

4. The speed reducer for the circular saw machine stable in operation of claim 3, wherein: the vacuum adsorption assembly comprises a vacuum chamber (1301) and an air extraction device, the vacuum chamber (1301) is arranged in a swinging block (802) and located at one end close to a friction ring (7), an air extraction channel (1302) and a pressure relief channel (1303) are arranged on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber (1301), the air extraction device is connected with the air extraction channel (1302), the pressure relief channel (1303) is communicated with the atmosphere, a first control valve (1304) used for controlling whether the air extraction channel (1302) is communicated or not is arranged in the air extraction channel (1302), a second control valve (1305) used for controlling whether the pressure relief channel (1303) is communicated or not is arranged in the pressure relief channel (1303), air guide holes (1306) are formed in the side walls, opposite to the swinging block (802) and the friction block (801), of the air guide holes (1306), and the vacuum chamber (1301) are communicated.

5. The speed reducer for the circular saw machine stable in operation of claim 4, wherein: the air guide holes (1306) are distributed at intervals along the side wall of the swinging block (802), and the distribution area of the air guide holes (1306) is smaller than that of the side wall of the friction block (801).

6. The use method of the speed reducer for the circular saw machine, which is suitable for the stable operation of the claim 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, normal operation: the speed reducer works, the reduction gear (4) drives the transmission gear (6) to rotate, the transmission gear (6) drives the transmission shaft (5) to rotate, the transmission shaft (5) drives the friction ring (7) to rotate, the electric cylinder (901) is started to drive a piston rod on the electric cylinder to push the push block (902) towards the direction close to the friction ring (7), two ends of the push block (902) respectively push the two drive plates (903) to enable one ends of the two swing blocks (802) close to the friction ring (7) to rotate oppositely and simultaneously extrude the pressure spring (803), and the swing blocks (802) drive the two friction blocks (801) to be in contact with the friction ring (7) in the opposite rotation process;

s2, replacement friction block (801): when the friction blocks (801) are seriously worn, the speed reducer stops working, the electric cylinder (901) starts to drive a piston rod on the electric cylinder to drive the push blocks (902) to move towards the direction far away from the friction ring (7), at the moment, the elastic force of the pressure spring (803) pushes one ends of the two swing blocks (802) close to the friction ring (7) outwards to enable the two friction blocks (801) to be far away from the friction ring (7), then the vacuum adsorption assembly executes a releasing action to release the damaged friction blocks (801), the damaged friction blocks (801) fall off, the storage push assembly executes a push action to push the new friction blocks (801) to the precise conveying assembly, the precise conveying assembly executes a conveying action to convey the new friction blocks (801) to the joints of the friction blocks (801) and the swing blocks (802), and the vacuum adsorption assembly executes an adsorption action to fix the new friction blocks (801);

wherein the releasing action comprises: the first control valve (1304) is closed, the second control valve (1305) is opened, the atmosphere is communicated with the vacuum chamber (1301), the air pressure in the vacuum chamber (1301) is the same as the atmospheric pressure, and the friction block (801) falls;

the pushing action comprises: the pushing cylinder is started to drive a piston rod on the pushing cylinder to drive the pushing plate (1203) to move, the pushing plate (1203) moves towards the direction far away from the bottom plate (1202) to push a new friction block (801) onto the placing plate (1007), and when the new friction block (801) is in contact with the baffle (1008), the pushing cylinder drives the piston rod on the pushing cylinder to move in the opposite direction to retract the pushing plate (1203);

the conveying action comprises: the driving motor (1001) is started to drive the first gear (1002) to rotate, the first gear (1002) and the first rack (1004) are matched with each other to drive the sliding rod (1003) to move towards the direction close to the friction ring (7), the sliding rod (1003) drives the two placing plates (1007) to move through the fixing block (1101) and the mounting plate (1104), the placing plates (1007) carry new friction blocks (801) to be close to the swinging blocks (802), when one end of the first rack (1004) is in contact with the limiting block (1005), the driving motor (1001) stops, the placing plates (1007) reach the connection positions of the friction blocks (801) and the swinging blocks (802), and the new friction blocks (801) are in contact with the outer ends of the air guide holes (1306);

the adsorption action includes: the second control valve (1305) is closed, the first control valve (1304) is opened, the air pumping device is started to pump air out of the vacuum chamber (1301), the friction block (801) is tightly sucked by vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber (1301) through the air guide hole (1306), finally the vacuum chamber (1301) is in a vacuum state, at the moment, the first control valve (1304) is closed, and then the air pumping device is closed.

7. The use method of the speed reducer for the circular saw machine with stable operation according to claim 6, wherein the speed reducer comprises the following steps: and a door body (14) for opening and closing the mounting groove is arranged on the side wall of the mounting shell (904) at a position opposite to the storage pushing assembly.

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