CN113217560B - Braking device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a braking device and a control method thereof. The position finding mechanism monitors the rotation angle of the braked shaft and sends the rotation angle to the controller, and the controller calculates the corresponding moments of the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam according to the received rotation angle signal and controls the reciprocating movement frequency of the moving body according to the moments. And compressing the energy storage spring circularly through the alternation of the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam until the braked shaft stops rotating. The invention uses the principle of spring compression to store energy and extend to release energy, abandons the scheme of traditional friction plate braking, achieves the aim of avoiding friction plate powder from polluting hydraulic oil, and has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, wide application, low cost, easy installation, convenient maintenance and the like.

Description

Braking device and control method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and in particular relates to a braking device and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Moving parts in machinery need to be decelerated or stopped in time when necessary. For example, when people drive a car, they need to apply the brakes in time to slow down or stop the vehicle when encountering an unexpected situation. In this process, the brakes play a very critical role. If the brake fails, there will be a great safety hazard, leading to an accident.

Brakes are widely used in equipment manufacturing industries such as hoisting machinery, transportation, metallurgical equipment, mining equipment, construction machinery, wind power and nuclear power equipment, ships and offshore heavy industry. However, at present, brakes at home and abroad generally rely on friction plates or brake belts made of friction materials for braking. There are problems such as failure due to heating of brake friction and friction plate powder contaminating the working fluid. For example, Chinese patent CN201611072061.4 is a multi-disc wet parking brake integrated with the gearbox and driven by hydraulic oil. After long-term operation, the friction plate powder and gearbox oil are mixed together, which can easily cause the oil circuit of the hydraulic system to be blocked. , thus seriously damaging the hydraulic system.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a braking device and a control method thereof, including a braking mechanism, a moving mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a controller. The braking mechanism includes a cylindrical cam, a contact head, a moving body and an energy storage device. spring. The positioning mechanism monitors the rotation angle of the braked shaft and sends it to the controller. The controller calculates the time corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam based on the received rotation angle signal and uses this as a basis. Control the reciprocating frequency of the moving body. The energy storage spring is cyclically compressed through the alternating changes of the convex portion and the concave portion on the cylindrical cam until the braked shaft stops rotating. The invention uses the principle of spring compression to store energy, elongation to release energy, and abandons the traditional friction plate braking scheme to avoid friction plate powder from contaminating the hydraulic oil. It has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, wide range of uses, low cost, Easy to install and maintain.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a braking device, including a braking mechanism, a moving mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a controller;

The braking mechanism includes a cylindrical cam, a contact head, a moving body and an energy storage spring; one end surface of the cylindrical cam is connected to one end of the braked shaft, and the cylindrical cam rotates synchronously with the braked shaft and cannot move axially , one end of the moving body is opposite to the other end face of the cylindrical cam, and the other end is connected to the moving mechanism. The moving mechanism drives the moving body to reciprocate along the axis direction of the braked shaft; the other end face of the cylindrical cam is provided with a number of Pairs of convex parts and concave parts are arranged alternately around the circumference of the cylindrical cam; a number of holes are provided on the end surface of the moving body opposite to the cylindrical cam; an energy storage spring and a contact head are installed in each hole, so One end of the contact head is in contact with the energy storage spring, and the other end is in contact with the cylindrical cam. The cylindrical cam rotates, and the contact head alternately contacts the convex and concave parts. The driving contact head reciprocates along the axis direction of the braked shaft while making the contact head reciprocate. The energy storage spring shortens or stretches alternately; the moving mechanism is connected to the controller; the positioning mechanism measures the rotation angle of the braked shaft and transmits the rotation angle signal to the controller, and the controller receives the The rotation angle signal is used to calculate the time corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam, and based on this, the moving mechanism is controlled to adjust the reciprocating frequency of the moving body.

In the above scheme, when the contact head comes into contact with the recessed part of the cylindrical cam, the controller controls the moving mechanism to translate the moving body in a direction close to the cylindrical cam. When the convex portion of the cylindrical cam contacts, the controller controls the moving mechanism to translate the moving body in a direction away from the cylindrical cam.

In the above solution, the moving mechanism is any one of hydraulic, pneumatic, electromagnetic or motor.

In the above solution, the positioning mechanism is a rotation angle sensor.

In the above solution, the convex portions and the concave portions are alternately and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cam.

In the above solution, the number of holes of the moving body is the same as the number of convex parts or concave parts of the cylindrical cam.

A control method according to the braking device, including the following steps:

After the controller detects the braking signal, it controls the moving mechanism to move the moving body a certain distance a in the direction of the cylindrical cam; the positioning mechanism measures the rotation angle of the braked shaft and converts the rotation angle signal Passed to the controller, the controller calculates the reciprocating frequency of the moving body at the moment corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam based on the received rotation angle signal;

When the contact head comes into contact with the recessed part of the cylindrical cam, the controller controls the moving mechanism to make the moving body move a distance b in a direction closer to the cylindrical cam. As the braked shaft rotates, the contact head slides The energy storage spring is compressed toward the convex part of the cylindrical cam, converting the rotational kinetic energy of the braked shaft into elastic potential energy and storing it; when the contact head contacts the convex part of the cylindrical cam, the energy storage spring 4 Compressed to the minimum, the moving mechanism 6 controls the moving body to translate a distance b away from the cylindrical cam. The energy storage spring naturally stretches, releasing the elastic potential energy stored in the previous process. As the braked shaft rotates , the contact head slides to the concave part of the cylindrical cam; in this cycle, the contact head alternately contacts the convex part and the concave part of the cylindrical cam until the braked shaft stops rotating. When the rotation speed of the braked shaft is zero, the The controller controls the moving mechanism to move the moving body a distance a in a direction away from the cylindrical cam and return to the original position.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention utilizes the principle of spring compression to store energy, elongation to release energy, abandons the traditional friction plate braking scheme, and achieves the purpose of avoiding friction plate powder from contaminating the hydraulic oil. Through the innovative design of the mechanical structure, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, low cost, easy installation and convenient maintenance. The invention has a wide range of uses and is not only suitable for wet friction environments, but also for dry friction environments.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1-braked shaft; 2-cylindrical cam; 3-contact head; 4-energy storage spring; 5-moving body; 6-moving mechanism; 7-positioning mechanism; 8-controller; 9-control moving mechanism.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. , rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the braking device. The braking device includes a braking mechanism 9, a moving mechanism 6, a positioning mechanism 7 and a controller 8.

The braking mechanism 9 includes a cylindrical cam 2, a contact head 3, a moving body 5 and an energy storage spring 4; one end surface of the cylindrical cam 2 is connected to one end of the braked shaft 1, and the cylindrical cam 2 follows the braked shaft. 1 rotate synchronously together, one end of the moving body 5 is opposite to the other end of the cylindrical cam 2, and the other end is connected to the moving mechanism 6. The moving mechanism 6 drives the moving body 5 to reciprocate along the axis direction of the braked shaft 1; so The other end face of the cylindrical cam 2 is provided with a number of paired convex parts and recessed parts, and the convex parts and recessed parts are alternately arranged around the circumference of the cylindrical cam 2; the end face of the moving body 5 opposite to the cylindrical cam 2 is provided with a number of holes; An energy storage spring 4 and a contact head 3 are installed in each hole. One end of the contact head 3 is in contact with the energy storage spring 4, and the other end is in contact with the cylindrical cam 2. The cylindrical cam 2 rotates, and the contact head 3 is in contact with the convex part. The contact head 3 is alternately contacted with the recessed portion, and the driving contact head 3 reciprocates along the axis direction of the braked shaft 1 while causing the energy storage spring 4 to alternately shorten or extend; the moving mechanism 6 is connected to the controller 8; the positioning The mechanism 7 measures the rotation angle of the braked shaft 1 and transmits the rotation angle signal to the controller 8. The controller 8 calculates the time corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam 2 based on the received rotation angle signal and uses this In order to adjust the reciprocating frequency of the moving body 5 according to the control of the moving mechanism 6.

According to this embodiment, preferably, when the contact head 3 contacts the recessed portion of the cylindrical cam 2 , the controller 8 controls the moving mechanism 6 to make the moving body 5 move closer to the cylindrical cam 2 Translation, when the contact head 3 contacts the convex portion of the cylindrical cam 2 , the controller 8 controls the moving mechanism 6 to cause the moving body 5 to translate in a direction away from the cylindrical cam 2 .

According to this embodiment, preferably, the moving mechanism 6 is any one of hydraulic, pneumatic, electromagnetic or motor.

According to this embodiment, preferably, the positioning mechanism 7 is a rotation angle sensor.

According to this embodiment, preferably, the convex portions and concave portions are alternately distributed evenly in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cam 2 .

According to this embodiment, preferably, the number of holes in the moving body 5 is the same as the number of convex parts or concave parts in the cylindrical cam 2 .

A control method according to the braking device, including the following steps:

After the controller 8 detects the braking signal from the foot brake or hand brake or other mechanism, it controls the moving mechanism 6 to make the moving body 5 move a certain distance a in the direction of the cylindrical cam 2; the positioning The mechanism 7 measures the rotation angle of the braked shaft 1 and transmits the rotation angle signal to the controller 8. The controller 8 calculates the time corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam 2 based on the received rotation angle signal and uses this To control the reciprocating frequency of the moving body 5;

When the contact head 3 comes into contact with the recessed part of the cylindrical cam 2, the controller 8 controls the moving mechanism 6 to make the moving body 5 move a distance b in a direction closer to the cylindrical cam 2. As the braked shaft 1 moves Rotate, the contact head 3 slides to the convex part of the cylindrical cam 2, the energy storage spring 4 is compressed, converting the rotational kinetic energy of the braked shaft 1 into elastic potential energy and storing it; when the contact head 3 and the When the convex part of the cylindrical cam 2 contacts, the energy storage spring 4 is compressed to the shortest point, and the moving mechanism 6 controls the moving body 5 to translate a distance b away from the cylindrical cam 2. The energy storage spring naturally stretches, and the previous process The stored elastic potential energy is released, and as the braked shaft 1 rotates, the contact head 3 slides to the concave part of the cylindrical cam 2; in this cycle, the contact head 3 alternately contacts the convex and concave parts of the cylindrical cam 2, Until the braked shaft 1 stops rotating and the rotation speed of the braked shaft 1 is zero, the controller 8 controls the moving mechanism 6 to move the moving body 5 away from the cylindrical cam 2 by a distance a. , restore to original position.

It should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of various embodiments, not each embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole. , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or embodiments that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All changes should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A braking device is characterized by comprising a braking mechanism (9), a moving mechanism (6), a positioning mechanism (7) and a controller (8);

the braking mechanism (9) comprises a cylindrical cam (2), a contact head (3), a moving body (5) and an energy storage spring (4); one end face of the cylindrical cam (2) is connected with one end of the braked shaft (1), the cylindrical cam (2) synchronously rotates along with the braked shaft (1), one end of the moving body (5) is opposite to the other end face of the cylindrical cam (2), the other end of the moving body is connected with the moving mechanism (6), and the moving mechanism (6) drives the moving body (5) to reciprocate along the axis direction of the braked shaft (1); the other end face of the cylindrical cam (2) is provided with a plurality of pairs of convex parts and concave parts, and the convex parts and the concave parts are alternately arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical cam (2); a plurality of holes are formed in one end face, opposite to the cylindrical cam (2), of the moving body (5); an energy storage spring (4) and a contact head (3) are arranged in each hole, one end of the contact head (3) is in contact with the energy storage spring (4), the other end of the contact head is in contact with the cylindrical cam (2), the cylindrical cam (2) rotates, the contact head (3) is in alternate contact with the convex part and the concave part, and the contact head (3) is driven to reciprocate along the axis direction of the braked shaft (1) and simultaneously shortens or lengthens the energy storage spring (4) to be alternately changed; the moving mechanism (6) is connected with the controller (8); the position finding mechanism (7) measures a rotation angle signal of the braked shaft (1) and transmits the rotation angle signal to the controller (8), and the controller (8) calculates the moment corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam (2) according to the received rotation angle signal and controls the moving mechanism (6) to adjust the reciprocating movement frequency of the moving body (5) according to the moment;

when the contact head (3) is in contact with the concave part of the cylindrical cam (2), the controller (8) controls the moving mechanism (6) to enable the moving body (5) to translate towards the direction close to the cylindrical cam (2), and when the contact head (3) is in contact with the convex part of the cylindrical cam (2), the controller (8) controls the moving mechanism (6) to enable the moving body (5) to translate towards the direction far away from the cylindrical cam (2).

2. The braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving mechanism (6) is any one of hydraulic, pneumatic, electromagnetic or electric motor.

3. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the position finding means (7) is a rotation angle sensor.

4. Brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protrusions and recesses are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cam (2).

5. The braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of holes of the mobile body (5) is the same as the number of projections or recesses of the cylindrical cam (2).

6. A control method of a brake apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

after the controller (8) detects a braking signal, the moving mechanism (6) is controlled to move the moving body (5) a distance a towards the direction of the cylindrical cam (2); the position finding mechanism (7) measures a rotation angle signal of the braked shaft (1) and transmits the rotation angle signal to the controller (8), and the controller (8) calculates the moment corresponding to the convex part and the concave part on the cylindrical cam (2) according to the received rotation angle signal and controls the reciprocating frequency of the moving body (5) according to the moment;

when the contact head (3) is in contact with the concave part of the cylindrical cam (2), the controller (8) controls the moving mechanism (6) to enable the moving body (5) to translate a distance b in the direction of approaching the cylindrical cam (2), and the contact head (3) slides to the convex part of the cylindrical cam (2) along with the rotation of the braked shaft (1), so that the energy storage spring (4) is compressed to convert the rotation kinetic energy of the braked shaft (1) into elastic potential energy to be stored; when the contact head (3) is in contact with the convex part of the cylindrical cam (2), the energy storage spring (4) is compressed to the shortest, the moving mechanism (6) controls the moving body (5) to translate a distance b in a direction away from the cylindrical cam (2), the energy storage spring naturally stretches, the elastic potential energy stored in the previous process is released, and the contact head (3) slides to the concave part of the cylindrical cam (2) along with the rotation of the braked shaft (1); the contact head (3) is alternately contacted with the convex part and the concave part of the cylindrical cam (2) until the braked shaft (1) stops rotating, and when the rotating speed of the braked shaft (1) is zero, the controller (8) controls the moving mechanism (6) to move the moving body (5) a distance a in a direction away from the cylindrical cam (2) and restore to the original position.