Energy-saving and environment-friendly system for purifying drilling fluid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a device for communicating an open hole and surface drilling fluid curing equipment in the petroleum drilling process, and particularly relates to an energy-saving, purifying and environment-friendly system for drilling fluid.
Background
In the process of petroleum drilling, the circularly flowing drilling fluid discharges rock powder at the bottom of a hole and cools a drill bit when flowing from the bottom of the hole to an orifice. After the drilling fluid carrying the rock powder returns out of the drill hole, the rock powder is required to be purified and then sent into the hole on the ground, otherwise, the working performance and the service life of a hole bottom power machine are seriously influenced, and the drilling speed of a drill bit and the effects of lubricating a drilling tool and protecting the hole wall are influenced. The existing drilling construction process drilling fluid treatment method is that a square pit is directly dug on the land near the well mouth, and the drilling fluid is directly poured into the pit for treatment, because the country improves the environmental protection requirement, the existing drilling construction method can not meet the national requirement for drilling construction site environmental protection, the drilling fluid directly contacts with the earth surface soil to pollute the soil environment, and the treated drilling fluid is not easy to be recycled, so the drilling fluid is wasted, and the operation cost is improved; the drilling fluid after leaving the well can not be subjected to desanding treatment in time, so that a large amount of fine sand can easily enter a mud tank, the sand content in the drilling fluid is high, and the workload for cleaning the mud tank at the later stage is large; in addition, the existing drilling fluid adopts a tank type weighting treatment method, and barite powder deposition is easily generated in the tank type weighting process, so that the waste of production data is caused; and when the drilling fluid is purified in winter in the north, the drilling fluid is easy to freeze and cannot be treated due to low temperature and poor fluidity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly system for purifying drilling fluid.
The energy-saving and environment-friendly system for purifying the drilling fluid comprises a rock debris pool and a drilling fluid backflow pool, and comprises a drilling fluid isolating and collecting device, a surface layer wellhead device and a wellhead energy-saving and purifying device, wherein the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device is a groove body with an open top end, the bottom of the groove body is seated on the ground, a hole I, a hole II and a hole III penetrating through the bottom of the groove body are formed in the bottom of the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device, and the hole I, the hole II and the hole III respectively correspond to a wellhead, a rat hole and a mouse hole which are located in the ground; the surface well head device comprises a round well and a simple well head device, the round well is arranged in a well head below the hole I, the round well is relatively fixed with the inner wall of the well head and the drilling fluid isolation and collection device, the top end of the round well is communicated with the simple well head device above the hole I, and the outlet end of the upper end of the simple well head device is connected with the well head energy-saving purification device through a pipeline; the wellhead energy-saving purification device comprises a rock debris pool and a drilling fluid backflow pool, wherein the drilling fluid backflow pool is fixed at one end of the rock debris pool, the height of the rock debris pool is greater than that of the drilling fluid backflow pool, more than one drilling fluid backflow port is formed in the position, which is connected with the drilling fluid backflow pool and is higher than the side wall of the upper end of the drilling fluid backflow pool, of the rock debris pool, and the drilling fluid backflow port is communicated with the inside of the drilling fluid backflow pool through a drilling fluid backflow pipe; the top opening of the drilling fluid backflow tank is provided with a partition board, the partition board is provided with a dosing grade, a vibrating screen mounting position and a weighting position in parallel, a vibrating screen opposite to the vibrating screen mounting position is arranged above the vibrating screen mounting position, a vertical pump is arranged above the weighting position, and the vertical pump is communicated with the inside of the drilling fluid backflow tank through a pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, inclined guide plates are fixed at the periphery of the inner wall of the bottom of the rock debris pool, the bottom edge of each guide plate is fixed with the inner wall of the bottom of the rock debris pool, and the upper edge of each guide plate is fixed with the lower ends of the side walls of the four sides of the rock debris pool; and inclined guide plates are respectively fixed at one end and the front and rear side walls of the drilling fluid backflow pool, the bottom edge of each guide plate is fixed with the inner wall at the bottom of the drilling fluid backflow pool, and the upper edge of each guide plate is fixed with the lower end of the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool.
As a further improvement of the invention, the guide plate forms a heating cavity communicated with the side walls of the rock debris pool and the drilling fluid backflow pool respectively, and the lower ends of the side walls of the rock debris pool and the drilling fluid backflow pool are provided with preheating ports communicated with the heating cavity.
As a further improvement of the invention, the dosing grade and the weighting position are both provided with iron nets, and the vertical pump is positioned above the iron net at the weighting position and is communicated with the inside of the drilling fluid return tank through a pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, an I-shaped pipe is fixed on the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool below the partition plate, the inlet end of the I-shaped pipe penetrates through the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool and is arranged outside the drilling fluid backflow pool, and the bottom of the I-shaped pipe is provided with a plurality of water spraying ports.
As a further improvement of the invention, a stone powder feeding pipe penetrating through the plate body is arranged on the partition plate at the weighting position, the lower end of the stone powder feeding pipe is arranged in the drilling fluid return pool, and a bypass drilling fluid inlet pipe is arranged on the stone powder feeding pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the outer surface of the round well is wrapped with an air bag, the top end of the air bag is arranged in the hole I, and the top end is provided with an air port.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top end of the air bag is provided with an enclosing eave which fills a gap between the hole I and the round well.
As a further improvement of the invention, the gap between the round well and the inner wall of the wellhead is fixed by an accelerator, or cement, or a water-resisting casing.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the inner side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool is provided with more than one liquid level alarm.
The energy-saving and environment-friendly system for drilling fluid is reasonable in structural design and convenient to use, and the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device can collect and utilize scattered drilling fluid generated in the drilling process, drilling fluid generated in the circulation of a rat hole and a mouse hole and the drilling fluid in a mud umbrella on a blowout preventer to recover so as to prevent the drilling fluid from contacting with soil. The surface well head device can carry out desanding treatment on the drilling fluid discharged from the well, and a large amount of fine sand is prevented from entering the mud tank. The detritus pond and the drilling fluid backflow pond are groove bodies arranged on the ground, so that the drilling fluid can be prevented from directly contacting with soil, the pollution to the soil environment is avoided, the drilling fluid is convenient to recycle, the resource waste is reduced, the drilling fluid can be treated at the first time, the timeliness and the accuracy of a drilling sand sample are ensured, and the drilling sand sample can be effectively carried out in cooperation with geological logging work; the vertical pump can input the drilling fluid treated in the drilling fluid backflow pool into the mud tank, so that the drilling fluid can be recycled without falling to the ground, impurities such as drilling rock fragments and the like can be separated from the drilling fluid in time through the vibrating screen, the drilling rock fragments are effectively prevented from entering the mud tank body, the mud tank can be prevented from being drawn out to the greatest extent, and the risk of constructors entering the operation in a limited space is reduced; and can in time heat in detritus pond and the drilling fluid backward flow pond when using in the winter in the north, the condition that freezes appears when preventing the construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wellhead energy-saving purification device and a vibrating screen according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the drilling fluid isolation collection assembly of the present invention to a surface wellhead;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the drilling fluid isolation collection device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the isolated collection of drilling fluid apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic of the configuration of the surface wellhead of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the well, bladder and joint of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wellhead energy-saving purification device of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the cuttings basin, drilling fluid return basin and I-tube of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the wellhead energy-saving purification device of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a stone powder joint, a slurry joint, a stone powder inlet pipe and a slurry inlet pipe according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The energy-saving and environment-friendly system for purifying drilling fluid comprises a drilling fluid isolating and collecting device 1, a surface layer wellhead device 2 and a wellhead energy-saving and purifying device 3, the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 is a groove body with an opening at the top end, the bottom of the groove body is seated on the ground, a hole I4, a hole II 5 and a hole III 6 which penetrate through the bottom of the groove body are formed in the bottom of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1, the hole I4, the hole II 5 and the hole III 6 respectively correspond to a well head, a rat hole 26 and a mouse hole 27 which are located in the ground, according to different construction modes and construction periods of different drilling machines, the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device 1 with different materials and shapes can be used, and the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device 1 can collect and utilize scattered drilling fluid generated in the drilling process, drilling fluid generated when the rat hole 26 and the mouse hole 27 are circulated, and the drilling fluid in a mud umbrella on a blowout preventer to be recovered.
The surface wellhead device 2 comprises a round well 7 and a simple wellhead device 8, the round well 7 is arranged in a wellhead below the hole I4, the round well 7 is relatively fixed with the inner wall of the wellhead and the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1, and the top end of the round well is communicated with the simple wellhead device 8 above the hole I4 through a joint 9; the outer surface of the round well 7 is wrapped with an air bag 23, the top end of the air bag 23 is arranged in the hole I4, and the top end is provided with an air port; aerify gasbag 23 inside through the gas port, the gasbag 23 that is full of gas can fill the clearance between round well 7 and the well head, can play the effect of protection and support to round well 7 to prevent that round well 7 and soil direct contact from causing the loss of round well 7, use the gas of accomplishing back in with gasbag 23 through the gas port and emit, can take out and reuse gasbag 23. The top end of the air bag 23 is provided with an enclosing eave 25, the enclosing eave 25 fills a gap between the hole I4 and the inner wall of the round well 7, and drilling fluid can be prevented from flowing out from the gap between the hole I4 and the round well 7 and polluting the land environment; the gap between the round well 7 and the inner wall of the well mouth can be fixed by a compaction method, or can be fixed by filling objects such as setting accelerators and cement, and the round well 7 and the inner wall of the well mouth are fixed by driving a water-resisting sleeve with the size corresponding to that of the round well 7 and the inner wall of the well mouth from the earth surface, connecting the water-resisting sleeve with the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 and fixing the round well 7 and the inner wall of the well mouth. The bottom of the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device is fixed on the inner wall of the drilling fluid isolating and collecting device 1 around the hole I4. Simple and easy wellhead assembly 8 can carry out the degritting to the drilling fluid of going out of the well and handle, prevents that a large amount of fine sand from getting into the mud jar and leading to jar interior drilling fluid sand content height, and 8 upper end exit ends of simple and easy wellhead assembly pass through the pipeline and link to each other with energy-conserving purifier 3 of well head.
The wellhead energy-saving purification device 3 comprises a rock debris pool 10 and a drilling fluid backflow pool 11, wherein the rock debris pool 10 and the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 are both groove bodies with top ends opened. Be fixed with drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 in the one end of detritus pond 10, and the height that highly is greater than drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 of detritus pond 10, link to each other with drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 at detritus pond 10, and the upper end lateral wall department that is higher than drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 is equipped with more than one drilling fluid backward flow mouth 12, drilling fluid backward flow mouth 12 department is equipped with the baffle, drilling fluid backward flow mouth 12 passes through drilling fluid back flow 13 and the inside intercommunication of drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, the upper end of drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 inside wall is equipped with more than one liquid level alarm instrument 30, when the liquid level surpasses predetermined safety page in drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, liquid level alarm instrument 30 can send the police dispatch newspaper and remind the staff in time to handle. Inclined guide plates 18 are fixed on the periphery of the inner wall of the bottom of the rock debris pool 10, the bottom edge of each guide plate 18 is fixed with the inner wall of the bottom of the rock debris pool 10, and the upper edge of each guide plate is fixed with the lower ends of the side walls of the four sides of the rock debris pool 10; inclined guide plates 18 are respectively fixed at one end and the front and rear side walls of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, the bottom edge of each guide plate 18 is fixed with the inner wall at the bottom of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, and the upper edge of each guide plate 18 is fixed with the lower end of the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11. The guide plate 18 forms the heating chamber of intercommunication respectively with between the lateral wall of detritus pond 10 and drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, and the lateral wall lower extreme of detritus pond 10 and drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 all opens the mouth 19 of preheating that is linked together with the heating chamber, preheats mouth 19 through communicating with external heating device, and steam gets into the heating intracavity through preheating mouth 19, can in time heat detritus pond 10 and drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 insidely in winter. The drilling fluid backflow pool 11 is characterized in that a partition plate 28 is arranged at the top end opening, a dosing grade 14, a vibrating screen mounting position 15 and a weighting position 16 are arranged on the partition plate 28 in parallel, a vibrating screen 17 opposite to the vibrating screen mounting position 15 is arranged above the vibrating screen mounting position 15, the outlet end of the simple wellhead device 8 is communicated with a pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is arranged above the vibrating screen 17. A stone powder feeding pipe 21 penetrating through the plate body is arranged on the partition plate 28 at the weighting position 16, the lower end of the stone powder feeding pipe 21 is arranged in the drilling fluid return pool 11, and a bypass drilling fluid inlet pipe 22 is arranged on the stone powder feeding pipe 21. The stone powder feeding pipe 21 is communicated with an external stone powder tank, stone powder is blown into the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 through the stone powder feeding pipe 21, clean drilling fluid is added into the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 through the drilling fluid liquid inlet pipe 22, the stone powder and the clean drilling fluid are mixed at the lower end of the stone powder feeding pipe 21 and then enter the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, and mixing of the drilling fluid and the stone powder in the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 can be accelerated. The loading grade 14 and the loading position 16 are both provided with iron nets 29, workers can stand on the iron nets 29 to operate, the vertical pump 24 is located above the iron nets 29 at the loading position 16, one end of the vertical pump 24 is communicated with the inside of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 through a pipeline, and the output end of the vertical pump 24 is communicated with a mud tank through a pipeline. An I-shaped pipe 20 is fixed on the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 below the partition plate 28, the inlet end of the I-shaped pipe 20 penetrates through the side wall of the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, is arranged outside the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 and is connected with an external hydraulic pump, a plurality of water spraying ports are formed in the bottom of the I-shaped pipe 20, water is sprayed into the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, then the drilling fluid is stirred, and the drilling fluid and a medicament can be quickly and uniformly mixed.
After the rig removal installation is accomplished, begin to install this system, carry out digging in advance to well head and rat hole 26 and mouse hole 27, hole I4, hole II 5 and hole III 6 respectively with be located the well head in the ground, rat hole 26 and mouse hole 27 are corresponding, round well 7 is arranged in the well head, and aerify gasbag 23 inside through the gas port, make gasbag 23 be full of the clearance between round well 7 and the well head, round well 7 top is linked together through simple and easy wellhead assembly 8 of joint 9 and hole I4 top. Drilling fluid passes through round well 7 and 8 flows to shale shaker 17 of simple and easy wellhead assembly on, can make drilling fluid pass through the sieve mesh on the shale shaker 17, fall into in the drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 of shale shaker 17 below, impurity such as detritus gets into detritus pond 10 along the shale shaker in, guide plate 18 can play the effect of water conservancy diversion to impurity such as drilling fluid and detritus, prevent that impurity such as detritus from piling up in the corner to can consolidate the intensity of detritus pond 10 and drilling fluid backward flow pond 11. After a certain amount of drilling fluid is accumulated in the drilling fluid backflow pool 11, required medicaments such as stone powder and the like are added into the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 through the medicament adding grade 14 and the stone powder feeding pipe 21, and meanwhile, the drilling fluid is sprayed with water through the I-shaped pipe 20 to be stirred, so that the drilling fluid and the medicaments such as the stone powder and the like are quickly and uniformly mixed. And after the treatment of the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 is finished, the vertical pump 24 is started to pump the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid backflow pool 11 into a mud tank. Be equipped with clean pipeline in the drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, after drilling fluid left drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, can clear up drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 insidely through clean pipeline water spray. When power failure occurs or the vibrating screen breaks down, a large amount of drilling fluid enters the debris pool 10 along the vibrating screen 17, the baffle at the drilling fluid return port 12 is opened, and the drilling fluid in the debris pool 10 enters the drilling fluid return pool 11 through the drilling fluid return pipe 13. When using this system in winter north, external heating device passes through the pipeline and preheats 19 intercommunications, makes the steam after the heating through preheating 19 heating chambers that get into between detritus pond 10 and the drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 and the guide plate 18, heats detritus pond 10 and the inside drilling fluid backward flow pond 11, prevents that detritus pond 10 and the inside quilt of drilling fluid backward flow pond 11 from freezing and can't handle.