CN113214816A - Variable-viscosity slippery water and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种变粘滑溜水及其制备方法、应用，涉及页岩气开发技术领域；所述滑溜水包括以下组分：减阻剂0.05～0.2％，变粘助剂0.1～1％，防膨剂0.3～1％，助排剂0.3～1％，余量为水。本发明还公开变粘滑溜水的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1：制备减阻剂；S2：按照权利要求1所述的配方，将步骤S1中制备的减阻剂和变粘助剂、防膨剂、助排剂加入水中，通过搅拌混合均匀后得到变粘滑溜水。本发明公开的变粘滑溜水在体系中加入变粘助剂，使其黏度可调，适应性强，满足不同页岩气水平井压裂液所需滑溜水在线混配要求。The invention discloses a viscous slick water, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of shale gas development; the slick water comprises the following components: 0.05-0.2% of a drag reducing agent, 0.1-1% of a viscous additive, Anti-swelling agent is 0.3-1%, drainage aid is 0.3-1%, and the balance is water. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the viscous slick water, which includes the following steps: S1: preparing a drag reducing agent; S2: preparing the drag reducing agent, the viscosity-changing aid, and the anti-viscosity agent prepared in step S1 according to the formula of claim 1. The swelling agent and the drainage aid are added into the water, and the viscous and slippery water is obtained after stirring and mixing evenly. The viscous slick water disclosed by the invention is added with a viscous auxiliary agent in the system, so that the viscosity can be adjusted, the adaptability is strong, and the on-line mixing requirements of the slick water required by different shale gas horizontal well fracturing fluids are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development fracturing fluids, and particularly relates to variable-viscosity slippery water and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The slickwater is a fracturing fluid system for carrying out in-water fracturing on a shale oil-gas reservoir, and is one of key liquids for shale gas development. Compared with the traditional gel fracturing fluid system, the slickwater fracturing fluid system is widely applied to shale gas development by virtue of the characteristics of high efficiency and low cost. The slickwater hydraulic fracturing technology and the horizontal well technology are core technologies mainly adopted for mining shale gas in the United states, low-permeability and ultralow-permeability oil and gas resources in China are very rich, and the slickwater fracturing technology plays a significant role in the development process, so that the slickwater fracturing technology is also one of the fracturing technologies which are mainly researched and developed in China at present.
The key of the slickwater hydraulic fracturing lies in the preparation of a fracturing fluid, and the aims of improving the permeability of a shale gas layer, increasing the flow conductivity, optimizing production conditions, reducing formation damage and meeting economic development can be fulfilled through the fracturing. In recent years, slickwater fracturing develops rapidly, the number of sections of staged fracturing of a multi-stage horizontal well reaches up to 40 sections, and the total amount of slickwater fracturing fluid required reaches up to 14 million cubic meters per well.
At present, main additives of a common slickwater system are a drag reducer, a discharge assistant and an anti-swelling agent, and the system mainly acts on compact reservoir rock to cause complex cracks through the hydraulic residual force of the slickwater to improve the outflow area of crude oil. The formulation of the slickwater system is applied in many ways and is mature. However, in China, shale has strong heterogeneity, large reservoir stress difference, high clay mineral content, no crack growth and difficult network crack formation, so the slickwater fracturing fluid needs high drag reduction rate and proper viscosity, and meanwhile, because different shale gas horizontal wells and shale gas horizontal wells need different slickwater viscosities in different stages, the conventional slickwater system is difficult to meet the fracturing requirements of the shale gas horizontal wells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides variable-viscosity slickwater aiming at the problems that the shale has strong heterogeneity and large reservoir stress difference in China at present and the slickwater system has large viscosity difference.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the variable-viscosity slippery water, which is simple and easy to popularize and use.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the variable-viscosity slippery water comprises the following components: 0.05-0.2% of drag reducer, 0.1-1% of viscosity-changing additive, 0.3-1% of anti-swelling agent, 0.3-1% of cleanup additive and the balance of water.
In the technical scheme, the slickwater adopts the drag reducer, the anti-swelling agent and the cleanup additive as main additives of a slickwater system, and the viscosity-changing auxiliary agent is added, so that the slickwater has the advantage of adjustable viscosity compared with the existing slickwater system, and the fracturing fluid can be suitable for different shale gas reservoirs and also has the advantage of low friction resistance.
Further, the viscosity-changing auxiliary agent is at least one of sodium salicylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Preferably, the viscosity-changing assistant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the viscosity-changing assistant is selected as the viscosity-changing assistant due to good water solubility and good compatibility to hard water.
Further, the drag reducer is an associative polymer having a molecular weight of: 7X 106～3×107。
Furthermore, the associative polymer is formed by polymerizing acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a hydrophobic monomer in a mass portion ratio of 55-70: 15-20: 0.5-3.
Further, the hydrophobic monomer is at least one of dimethylallyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride, dimethylallyl octadecyl ammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide propyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride. Preferably, the hydrophobic monomer is: dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride. Because of its good hydrophobic properties, it can meet the requirements for drag reducers.
Further, the cleanup additive is at least one of dodecyl betaine, sodium lauryl sulfate and laurylamine.
Further, the anti-swelling agent is at least one of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
Further, the slickwater comprises the following components: 0.1-0.15% of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as a hydrophobic monomer, 0.5-0.6% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as a viscosity-changing auxiliary agent, 0.5-0.7% of potassium chloride as an anti-swelling agent, 0.6-0.8% of cleanup additive and the balance of water.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the variable-viscosity slickwater, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s2: according to the formula of 0.05-0.2% of the drag reducer, 0.1-1% of the viscosity-changing assistant, 0.3-1% of the anti-swelling agent and 0.3-1% of the cleanup additive, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the cleanup additive prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water.
Further, in S1, preparing the drag reducer mainly includes the following steps:
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a hydrophobic monomer in deionized water at a mass ratio of 55-70: 15-20: 0.5-3, and then performing dispersion polymerization by using an azo-bis-isobutyramidine hydrochloride system with a mass ratio of 0.02-0.1% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer.
Further, the reaction process is carried out in a constant-temperature water bath at 45-60 ℃, and the effect of promoting polymerization rate and improving molecular weight can be achieved after the reaction is carried out for 3-6 hours.
Further, the water-repellent acrylic resin is prepared by polymerizing acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a hydrophobic monomer in a mass portion ratio of 55-70: 15-20: 0.5-3.
The invention provides variable-viscosity slickwater aiming at the problems that the shale has strong heterogeneity and the slickwater system has large requirement on large stress difference of reservoirs in China, and the variable-viscosity additive is added into the system, so that the viscosity of the system can be adjusted, the adaptability is strong, and the online blending requirement of the slickwater required by fracturing fluids of different shale gas horizontal wells is met.
The variable-viscosity slippery water disclosed by the invention also adopts a polymer formed by association of acrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a hydrophobic monomer as a drag reducer, wherein the drag reducer has a larger molecular weight, and can adapt to the modification of various shale gas reservoirs by adjusting the ratio and changing the viscosity of a system;
the invention also discloses a preparation method of the variable-viscosity slickwater, which is simple and easy to popularize and use, and the obtained fracturing fluid has good sand carrying property and the settling velocity of 0.47 mm/s; the gel breaking performance is excellent, the viscosity after gel breaking is only 1mPa & s, and the residue amount is only 1.3 mg/L.
The variable-viscosity and smooth slick water disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low friction resistance, low damage, good seam forming, easiness in flowback and capability of reducing the resistance rate by 80.3%; the viscosity can be adjusted within 195.4-275.2 mPa & S, the damage rate is less than 11.3%, the surface tension is less than 35mN/m, and the method is suitable for most shale gas reservoirs.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride 0.05%, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 0.1%, potassium chloride 1%, sodium lauryl dodecyl sulfate 1% and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to the mass ratio of 55:20:20:0.5, and reacting for 4 hours at 45 ℃ by using azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride with the mass ratio of 0.02% as an initiator to obtain the drag reducer.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water A.
Example 2
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 1 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.3 percent of potassium chloride, 0.3 percent of lauryl dodecyl sodium sulfate and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water in a mass ratio of 60:15:20:0.5, and reacting for 4 hours at 50 ℃ by using azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride with the mass ratio of 0.02% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water B.
Example 3
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 0.6 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of potassium chloride, 0.7 percent of lauryl sodium dodecyl sulfate and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to the mass ratio of 65:20:15:0.5, and reacting for 4 hours at 60 ℃ by using azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride with the mass ratio of 0.02% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water C.
Example 4
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 0.6 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.7 percent of lauryl sodium dodecyl sulfate and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to the mass ratio of 55:15:15:0.5, and reacting for 4 hours at 50 ℃ by using azodiisobutyl amidine hydrochloride with the mass ratio of 0.06% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water D.
Example 5
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 0.6 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.7 percent of dodecyl betaine and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, dimethyl allyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to the mass ratio of 55:15:15:0.5, and reacting for 4 hours at 50 ℃ by using azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride with the mass ratio of 0.1% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water E.
Example 6
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 0.6 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of potassium chloride, 0.7 percent of lauryl sodium dodecyl sulfate and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, a hydrophobic monomer dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to a mass ratio of 60:18:18:1.5, and reacting for 3 hours at 45 ℃ by using azodiisobutyl amidine hydrochloride with a mass ratio of 0.04% as an initiator to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water F.
Example 7
The embodiment prepares the sticky slippery water which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of drag reducer taking dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as hydrophobic monomer, 0.6 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of potassium chloride, 0.7 percent of lauryl sodium dodecyl sulfate and the balance of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a drag reducer;
s11: firstly, dissolving acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, a hydrophobic monomer dimethyl allyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and the like in deionized water according to a mass ratio of 60:18:18:1.5, and reacting azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride with a mass ratio of 0.04% as an initiator at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to synthesize the drag reducer through dispersion polymerization.
S2: according to the formula, the drag reducer, the viscosity-changing assistant, the anti-swelling agent and the discharge assistant prepared in the step S1 are added into water, and the materials are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the viscosity-changing slippery water G.
Comparative example 1
In the slickwater system, no tackifier agent was added, and the amounts of other components and the preparation method were substantially the same as those in example 7, to obtain comparative sample 1.
Comparative example 2
The drag reducer was replaced with guar gum, and the amounts of other components added and the preparation method were substantially the same as in example 7, to obtain comparative sample 2.
Comparative example 3
A comparative sample 3 was obtained by replacing the drag reducer with a mixture of acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, a hydrophobic monomer, dimethylallyloctadecylammonium chloride, and the like in a mass ratio of 60:18:18:1.5, and the amounts of other components added and the preparation method were substantially the same as those in example 7.
Measuring viscosity changes at 60 ℃ and 90 ℃ respectively for products A to G obtained in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and comparative samples 1 to 3; and the drag reduction rate, the damage rate and the surface tension of the products A to G and the comparison samples 1 to 3 are measured at the temperature of 25 ℃; the test results are as follows:
the evaluation results show that the slickwater prepared by the method can change the viscosity within the range of 195.4-275.2 mPa & S, has high drag reduction rate, small damage rate, small surface tension and strong adaptability, and can meet the online blending requirement of the fracturing fluid of the horizontal well of the shale gas in different blocks.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116102678A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Salt-tolerant drag reducer, preparation method thereof, salt-tolerant slickwater and application thereof |
| CN116102678B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-05-03 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Salt-tolerant drag reducer, preparation method thereof, salt-tolerant slickwater and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |