CN113211192A - Calibrating device for geometric error of machine tool and corner positioning error of rotary table - Google Patents
Calibrating device for geometric error of machine tool and corner positioning error of rotary table Download PDFInfo
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- CN113211192A CN113211192A CN202110524045.9A CN202110524045A CN113211192A CN 113211192 A CN113211192 A CN 113211192A CN 202110524045 A CN202110524045 A CN 202110524045A CN 113211192 A CN113211192 A CN 113211192A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
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- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a calibrating device for geometric errors and corner positioning errors of a rotary table of a machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool calibrating equipment. This lathe geometric error and revolving stage corner positioning error calibrating installation includes: the laser range finder is electrically connected with the controller; the planar side wall of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror is fixedly connected with a full-reflecting mirror; the light receiver comprises a photoelectric plate and a data processing module, the photoelectric plate comprises a substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped photosensitive sensors, light through holes are formed in the substrate, the laser emitter can emit and receive laser through the light through holes, the data processing module is electrically connected with the controller, and the data processing module is used for measuring and calculating the positions of the corresponding photosensitive sensors on the substrate; and the display is electrically connected with the controller. The calibrating device for the geometric error of the machine tool and the corner positioning error of the rotating table can accurately measure the straightness error of the lathe by using a measuring device with low precision requirement, and the calibrating device has simple structure and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool calibration equipment, in particular to a calibrating device for geometric errors and corner positioning errors of a rotary table of a machine tool.
Background
The machine tool can generate geometric errors after being installed or used for a long time, the machining precision of the machine tool can be seriously influenced due to the existence of the geometric errors of the machine tool, and the machining quality is reduced. Therefore, when the machine tool has geometric errors, the errors need to be calibrated in time so as to debug the machine tool.
The conventional calibrating device for geometric errors and corner positioning errors of a rotary table of a machine tool is complex in structure, a laser interferometer is required, the laser interferometer is complex in debugging during use, the requirement on performance of detection equipment is high, and the use cost is high. And the measurement precision is not high by adopting a direct measurement method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a calibrating device for geometric errors of a machine tool and rotation angle positioning errors of a rotating table.
The invention provides a calibrating device for geometric errors and corner positioning errors of a rotary table of a machine tool, which comprises:
the laser range finder is fixedly arranged on a slide carriage box of the lathe and is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with a power supply device;
the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror is connected to the lathe body of the lathe, and the plane side wall of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror is fixedly connected with the full-reflecting mirror;
the light receiver is fixedly connected to a slide carriage box of a lathe and comprises a photoelectric plate and a data processing module, the photoelectric plate comprises a substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped photosensitive sensors, light through holes are formed in the substrate, a laser range finder (101) can emit and receive laser through the light through holes, the laser range finder is used for detecting the distance between the substrate and a total reflection mirror and transmitting a distance signal to a controller, the photosensitive sensors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the substrate, each photosensitive sensor is electrically connected with the data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected with the controller, the data processing module is used for measuring and calculating the position of the corresponding photosensitive sensor on the substrate, and the data processing module calculates the distance between the photosensitive sensor which responds and the light through holes according to the size of the photosensitive sensor and transmits the distance signal to the controller;
and the display is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, still be equipped with shockproof mechanism between half anti-mirror of cambered surface and the lathe bed, shockproof mechanism includes base, three slide bar and mount pad, base fixed mounting is in lathe bed, and the one end of three slide bar is ally oneself with altogether, and the other end of three slide bar links firmly in the different positions of base, and sliding connection has a sliding sleeve on every slide bar, the spring has been cup jointed on the slide bar, the spring is used for buffering the slip of sliding sleeve, and every sliding sleeve all articulates there is a connecting rod, the connecting rod is articulated with the mount pad, half anti-mirror of cambered surface is located on the mount pad.
Preferably, the three sliding rods form an included angle with each other.
Preferably, the height of the base is adjustable.
Preferably, the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror comprises a cambered surface lens and a half-reflecting chromium film, the half-reflecting chromium film is arranged on the cambered surface of the cambered surface lens, and the full-reflecting mirror is fixedly connected with the side wall of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror.
Preferably, the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror is a semi-cylindrical cambered surface half-reflecting mirror.
Preferably, the number of the photosensitive sensors on the substrate at two ends of the light through hole is the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the calibrating device for the geometric error of the machine tool and the corner positioning error of the rotating table can accurately measure the straightness error of the lathe by using a measuring device with low precision requirement, has simple structure and convenient operation, and amplifies the error by using the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror, thereby greatly improving the measuring precision. Through arranging the three slide bars into the mutual angle of formation, can make the shock attenuation effect on the three slide bars the same to effectively avoid the production of partial shock phenomenon. The height of the base is adjusted to adapt to the heights of different slide carriages, so that the device is suitable for different machine tool specifications, and the application range of the device is enlarged. The cambered surface half-reflecting mirror is a semi-cylindrical cambered surface half-reflecting mirror, so that the calculation work of later data processing is facilitated. The device has different sensitivity by changing the value of the curvature radius of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror, and the smaller the curvature radius, the higher the sensitivity of the device. The quantity of the photosensitive sensors at the two ends of the light through hole is the same, so that the same measurement range is obtained when the straightness error is positioned on the other side of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser rangefinder according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the anti-vibration mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the A-A plane of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a light path diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the optical path at the cambered semi-reflecting mirror of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
101. the laser range finder comprises a laser range finder 102, a slide carriage box 103, a cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 104, a lathe bed 105, a full-reflecting mirror 106, a photoelectric plate 107, a base plate 107, a photosensitive sensor 108, a light through hole 109, a shockproof mechanism 2, a base 201, a base 202, a sliding rod 203, a mounting seat 204, a sliding sleeve 205, a spring 206, a connecting rod 301, a cambered lens 302 and a half-reflecting chromium film.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-9, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-4 and 7-9, the present invention provides a device for calibrating geometric errors and rotational angle positioning errors of a machine tool, comprising: the device comprises a laser range finder 101, a cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103, a light receiver and a display, wherein the laser range finder 101 is fixedly arranged on a slide carriage box 102 of a lathe, the laser range finder 101 is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with a power supply device; the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 103 is connected with a lathe bed 104, and the plane side wall of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 103 is fixedly connected with a full-reflecting mirror 105; a light receiver, which is fixedly connected with a slide carriage 102 of the lathe and comprises a photoelectric board 106 and a data processing module, the photoelectric plate 106 comprises a substrate 107 and a plurality of strip-shaped photosensitive sensors 108, the substrate 107 is provided with a light through hole 109, a laser range finder (101) can emit and receive laser through the light through hole 109, the laser range finder 101 is used for detecting the distance between the substrate 107 and the total reflection mirror 105 and transmitting a distance signal to a controller, the plurality of photosensitive sensors 108 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the substrate 107, each photosensitive sensor 108 is electrically connected with the data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected with the controller, the data processing module is used for measuring and calculating the position of the responding photosensitive sensor 108 on the substrate 107, and the data processing module calculates the distance between the responding photosensitive sensor 108 and the light through hole 109 according to the size of the photosensitive sensor 108 and transmits a distance signal to the controller; and the display is electrically connected with the controller.
The working principle of example 1 is now briefly described:
taking the cambered semi-reflective mirror 103 as a semi-cylindrical cambered semi-reflective mirror 103 and taking the radius of a circular arc as R as an example, when the straightness error detection is performed on the slide carriage 102 of the lathe, the laser range finder 101 and the light receiver are opened through the controller, and laser emitted by the laser range finder 101 penetrates through the light through hole 109 in the substrate 107 and is emitted to the cambered semi-reflective mirror 103. A part of light is reflected by the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103, the light reflected by the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 is detected by the photosensitive sensor 108, the photosensitive sensor 108 responds, the data processing module detects the position of the responding photosensitive sensor 108 on the substrate 107, and the data processing module calculates the distance between the responding photosensitive sensor 108 and the light through hole 109 according to the size of the photosensitive sensor 108 and transmits a distance signal to the controller. The display displays the distance between the photosensitive sensor 108 and the light through hole 109 in real time, the distance between the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 and the display is zero by adjusting the position of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror, and the light emitted by the laser range finder 101 points to the center of the cambered surface of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 at the moment. The other part of the light rays passes through the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103, is reflected by the full reflecting mirror 105 and then returns along the original path, receives the distance n between the substrate 107 and the full reflecting mirror 105, which is measured and calculated at the initial position, through the laser range finder 101, and transmits the distance signal to the controller.
By sliding the slide carriage 102 for a certain distance, the slide carriage 102 has a straightness error d (generally d is much smaller than R) in the radial direction of the main axis in the horizontal plane. Similarly, the laser range finder 101 is used to detect the distance m between the substrate 107 and the half-mirror 105 at this time, where m is much larger than d (because m and R are much larger than d, the influence of refraction of the arc half-mirror 103 can be ignored) and the distance h between the photosensitive sensor 108 and the light-passing hole 109, where the emission angle of the arc half-mirror 103 is θ, and the distance between the reflection point of the arc half-mirror 103 and the full-mirror 105 is t. The geometrical relationship shows that:
tan2θ＝h/(m-t)；
tanθ＝d/t；
d2+t2＝R2；
|d|<R；
the radius of the arc R is taken, and the values m and h are measured. By using a computer, the accurate value of the straightness error d can be calculated.
The calibrating device for the geometric error of the machine tool and the corner positioning error of the rotating table can accurately measure the straightness error d of the lathe by using a measuring device with low precision requirement, has simple structure and convenient operation, and amplifies the error by using the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 103, thereby greatly improving the measuring precision.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 is prevented from vibrating due to the vibration of the lathe bed 104, so that the accuracy of the measured value is influenced.
As shown in fig. 4-6, a shock-proof mechanism 2 is further disposed between the curved semi-reflective mirror 103 and the lathe bed 104, the shock-proof mechanism 2 includes a base 201, three sliding rods 202 and a mounting seat 203, the base 201 is fixedly mounted on the lathe bed 104, one ends of the three sliding rods 202 are connected in common, the other ends of the three sliding rods 202 are fixedly connected to different positions of the base 201, each sliding rod 202 is slidably connected with a sliding sleeve 204, a spring 205 is sleeved on each sliding rod 202, the spring 205 is used for buffering the sliding of the sliding sleeve 204, each sliding sleeve 204 is hinged with a connecting rod 206, the connecting rod 206 is hinged with the mounting seat 203, and the curved semi-reflective mirror 103 is disposed on the mounting seat 203.
When the lathe bed 104 vibrates, the base 201 vibrates together with the lathe bed 104. The three sliding rods 202 vibrate along with the base 201, because the sliding sleeve 204 is slidably connected with the sliding rods 202, and the connecting rod 206 is hinged with the sliding sleeve 204. Under the buffering action of the spring 205, the mounting seat 203 hinged with the connecting rod 206 is effectively buffered, so that the vibration of the lathe bed 104 is effectively isolated. Therefore, the vibration of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 caused by the vibration of the lathe body 104 is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the measured value is ensured. And the three slide bars 202 are used for guiding, so the shockproof mechanism 2 also has a centering effect, thereby effectively preventing the position of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 from changing.
As a preferred scheme, as shown in FIG. 6, the three sliding bars 202 are mutually inclined at an angle of 60 degrees. By arranging the three sliding rods 202 to form an included angle of 60 degrees, the shock absorption effect on the three sliding rods 202 can be the same, and therefore the phenomenon of deflection is effectively avoided.
As a preferred solution, as shown in fig. 5, wherein the height of the base 201 is adjustable. The height of the base 201 is adjusted to adapt to the heights of different slide carriages 102, so that the device is suitable for different machine tool specifications, and the application range of the device is expanded.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 4, the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 includes a cambered lens 301 and a semi-reflective chromium film 302, the semi-reflective chromium film 302 is disposed on the cambered surface of the cambered lens 301, and the full-reflecting mirror 105 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103. The semi-reflective chromium film 302 can reflect one part of light and transmit the other part of light, and the use requirement can be met by matching with the cambered surface lens 301.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 4 and 9, the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 is a semi-cylindrical cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103. The cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 103 is a semi-cylindrical cambered surface half-reflecting mirror 103, which is convenient for the calculation work of the later data processing. Furthermore, the device has different sensitivity by changing the value of the curvature radius R of the cambered surface of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror 103 so as to have different reflection angles theta under the same straightness error d, and the smaller the curvature radius R, the higher the sensitivity of the device.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 7-9, the number of the photosensitive sensors 108 on the substrate 107 at both ends of the light-passing hole 109 is the same. Since the linearity error d is not always fixed on one side of the curved half mirror 103, the same measurement range is obtained when the linearity error d is on the other side of the curved half mirror 103 by setting the number of the photosensitive sensors 108 on both ends of the light passing hole 109 to be the same.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. Lathe geometric error and revolving stage corner positioning error calibrating installation, its characterized in that includes:
the laser range finder (101) is fixedly arranged on a slide carriage (102) of the lathe, the laser range finder (101) is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with a power supply device;
the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror (103) is connected to a lathe body (104), and the plane side wall of the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror (103) is fixedly connected with a full-reflecting mirror (105);
the light receiver is fixedly connected to a slide carriage (102) of a lathe and comprises a photoelectric plate (106) and a data processing module, the photoelectric plate (106) comprises a base plate (107) and a plurality of strip-shaped photosensitive sensors (108), a light through hole (109) is formed in the base plate (107), a laser range finder (101) can emit and receive laser light through the light through hole (109), the laser range finder (101) is used for detecting the distance between the base plate (107) and a full-reflecting mirror (105) and transmitting a distance signal to a controller, the photosensitive sensors (108) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the base plate (107), each photosensitive sensor (108) is electrically connected with the data processing module, the data processing module is electrically connected with the controller and used for measuring and calculating the positions of the corresponding photosensitive sensors (108) on the base plate (107), and the data processing module calculates the corresponding photosensitive sensors (108) and the light through holes according to the sizes of the photosensitive sensors (108) The distance of the hole (109) and transmitting the distance signal to the controller;
and the display is electrically connected with the controller.
2. The calibrating apparatus for geometric error and rotational angle positioning error of machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that a shockproof mechanism (2) is arranged between the cambered surface half-reflecting mirror (103) and the lathe body (104), the shockproof mechanism (2) comprises a base (201), three sliding rods (202) and a mounting seat (203), the base (201) is fixedly arranged on a lathe bed (104), one ends of the three sliding rods (202) are connected in common, the other ends of the three sliding rods (202) are fixedly connected to different positions of the base (201), each sliding rod (202) is connected with a sliding sleeve (204) in a sliding manner, the sliding rod (202) is sleeved with a spring (205), the spring (205) is used for buffering the sliding of the sliding sleeves (204), each sliding sleeve (204) is hinged with a connecting rod (206), the connecting rod (206) is hinged with the mounting seat (203), and the cambered semi-reflecting mirror (103) is arranged on the mounting seat (203).
3. The calibrating apparatus for geometric errors and rotational table angular positioning errors of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said three slide bars (202) are mutually angled by 60 degrees.
4. The calibrating apparatus for geometric errors and rotational table angular positioning errors of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the height of the base (201) is adjustable.
5. The calibrating apparatus for geometric errors and rotational table angular positioning errors of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the cambered semi-reflecting mirror (103) comprises a cambered lens (301) and a semi-reflecting chrome film (302), the semi-reflecting chrome film (302) is disposed on the cambered surface of the cambered lens (301), and the full-reflecting mirror (105) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cambered semi-reflecting mirror (103).
6. The calibrating apparatus for geometric errors and rotational table angular positioning errors of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the cambered semi-mirror (103) is a semi-cylindrical cambered semi-mirror (103).
7. The calibrating apparatus for geometric errors and rotational table angular positioning errors of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the number of the photosensitive sensors (108) on the base plate (107) at both ends of the light-passing hole (109) is the same.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110524045.9A CN113211192A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Calibrating device for geometric error of machine tool and corner positioning error of rotary table |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110524045.9A CN113211192A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Calibrating device for geometric error of machine tool and corner positioning error of rotary table |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |