CN113202820A

CN113202820A - Air cooling and sealing system of fuel cell air compressor

Info

Publication number: CN113202820A
Application number: CN202110479434.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高磊; 牛鹏飞; 康明龙; 王征宇; 冯洋; 崔玺; 张泽裕; 王向军; 伍培明
Original assignee: Beehive Weiling Power Technology Jiangsu Co ltd
Current assignee: Beehive Weiling Power Technology Jiangsu Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-30
Also published as: CN113202820B

Abstract

The invention discloses an air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor, comprising an air compressor; an air passage circulation structure, the air passage circulation structure is arranged in the air compressor, and the air passage circulation structure comprises a main Air intake duct, axial air intake duct and radial air intake duct; sealing structure, the sealing structure is arranged at both axial ends of the air compressor; under the condition of satisfying the reasonable air-cooling flow ratio of each part, the air-cooling is realized The structure of the flow channel system is simplified, avoiding the additional annular structure of the above patent; in the sealing design, the sealing structure considers the balance axial force, determines the direct size, adopts the labyrinth seal design, and optimizes the geometric size, so as to reduce leakage and improve Compression efficiency of an air compressor.

Description

Air cooling and sealing system of fuel cell air compressor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell air compressor sealing, in particular to an air cooling and sealing system of a fuel cell air compressor.

Background

With the maturation of technology and the continuous reduction of cost, fuel cell vehicles are more and more recognized as the development direction of new energy vehicles by governments and enterprises, and a plurality of well-known enterprises increase the research and development investment on fuel cell systems. The air compressor for the fuel cell vehicle is used as an important component of the air compressor and provides high-pressure air for cathode reaction of the fuel cell, the cost and the energy consumption of the air compressor account for about 20 percent of the fuel cell system, and the performance of the air compressor directly influences the performance of the fuel cell system.

Mainstream fuel cell air compressors developed by various companies in the market at present all use a permanent magnet synchronous motor and an air foil bearing, and an air cooling system is directly used for cooling the bearing system and taking away wind loss between a rotor and a stator and rotor heating. The diameter of the air cooling system is related to the reliability of the whole rotor system. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the efficiency of air cooling, high-pressure air at the air passage and the pinch roller needs to be effectively separated and cooled, and a high-efficiency and reliable sealing system needs to be designed due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor.

Gurait (predecessor belonging to Honeywell), the earliest company to commercialize the fuel cell air compressor, and regarding its cooling system and sealing system, patent US _2015_0275920_ a1 discloses a cooling and sealing system for the fuel cell air compressor, but its air cooling flow path is complex, and it requires a large number of holes to be reserved on the housing and back plate, and the manufacturing difficulty is large; the low-pressure-level and high-pressure-level air cooling gases are directly sprayed on the high-speed rotor in the radial direction, so that the flow loss of the air cooling gases is increased firstly, and the stability of the second pair of rotors brings many uncertain factors, so that a great failure risk exists; the sealing mechanism of low-pressure level and high-pressure level has adopted the sealing ring, and the sealing ring installation is difficult relatively, has the risk that sealing ring and high-speed rotor rub in addition, brings the risk of rotor unstability.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems with existing fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing systems.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: comprises an air compressor; the air passage circulation structure is arranged in the air compressor and comprises a main air inlet passage, an axial air inlet pipeline and a radial air inlet pipeline; and the sealing structures are arranged at two axial ends of the air compressor.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the air compressor comprises a motor shell and a motor rotor system located inside the motor shell, wherein the motor rotor system comprises a low-voltage end and a high-voltage end, one side of the motor shell where the low-voltage end is located is provided with a backboard matched with the motor shell, the motor shell and an air bearing is arranged between the motor rotor system, a main air inlet channel is located on the motor shell, and an axial air inlet pipeline is located in the axial direction inside the motor shell.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: radial inlet duct includes low pressure end inlet duct and high pressure end inlet duct, wherein low pressure end inlet duct is located on the backplate, high pressure end inlet duct is located the high pressure end direction of motor casing.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the motor rotor system comprises a motor shell and a back plate, wherein a positioning ring is arranged between the motor shell and the back plate, a plurality of groups of cooling air passages are arranged on the positioning ring, and a rotating piece is arranged between the positioning ring and the motor rotor system.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the cooling air channel is arranged along the tangential direction of the motor rotor system, and the tangential direction of the cooling air channel is consistent with the rotating direction of the motor rotor system.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the sealing structure is arranged between the motor rotor system and the back plate; a baffle is arranged between the motor shell and the motor rotor system, and the sealing structure is arranged between the baffle and the motor rotor system.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the sealing structure comprises a sealing rod and a plurality of groups of bulges arranged on the sealing rod, wherein gaps are reserved between the bulges and the back plate and between the bulges and the baffle plate, and the bulges are at least provided with three groups.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: wherein a gap between the top end of the protrusion and the back plate and the baffle is defined as a gap K, a height of the protrusion is defined as a tooth height H, a distance between adjacent protrusions is defined as a tooth pitch L, and a distance from the top end of the protrusion to the bottom of the seal structure block is defined as a diameter M.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the gap K is 0.1-0.5 mm, the tooth height H is 0.5-2 mm, the tooth pitch L is 1-3 mm, and the diameter H is 30-50 mm.

As a preferable aspect of the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention, wherein: the clearance K is 0.3mm, the tooth height H is 1mm, the tooth pitch L is 2.5mm, and the diameter H is 40 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition of meeting reasonable air cooling flow ratio of each part, the structure of the air cooling runner system is simplified, and the additional annular structure of the patent is avoided; at a low-pressure stage, air cooling gas is uniformly distributed through holes of the positioning ring, air cooling air inlet is changed into tangential air inlet, the direction and the rotating direction are the same, cooling efficiency is improved, unnecessary airflow loss is reduced, and direct radial excitation of airflow to a rotor is avoided; in the high-pressure stage, air cooling air intake changes the last radial air intake into axial air intake by using a static baffle plate, and avoids the direct radial excitation of air flow to a rotor; in the aspect of sealing design, the sealing structure considers balanced axial force, determines direct size, adopts labyrinth sealing design and optimizes the geometric dimension, thereby reducing leakage and improving the compression efficiency of the air compressor.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall construction of a fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a retaining ring for an air cooling and sealing system of a fuel cell air compressor according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a seal configuration of the fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the gas flow direction in the air cooling and sealing system of the fuel cell air compressor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the gas flow direction within the retaining ring of the fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the seal configuration streamlines of the fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the pressure distribution of the seal configuration of the fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a graph of an electric motor rotor system impeller pressure profile for a fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of an analysis of the impeller pressure profile of the fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the device is not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, there is provided a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system, such as fig. 1, which includes an air compressor 100, an air passage flow structure 200, and a sealing structure 300;

specifically, the main structure of the present invention includes an air passage flow structure 200, the air passage flow structure 200 is disposed in the air compressor 100, and the air passage flow structure 200 includes a main air inlet 201, an axial air inlet pipe 202, and a radial air inlet pipe 203; and a sealing structure 300, wherein the sealing structure 300 is arranged at two axial ends of the air compressor 100.

Further, the main air inlet 201 is used for introducing external air flow into the motor casing, wherein the axial air inlet pipe 202 is mainly used for guiding air to the left side and the right side of the motor casing, and then the air enters the left side and the right side and then enters the radial air inlet pipe 203, so that the air is guided to an air bearing in the fuel cell air compressor, and meanwhile, the sealing structures 300 are arranged at the two ends of the air compressor 100 and used for reducing the leakage of the air.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: air compressor 100 includes motor casing 101, be located the inside motor rotor system 102 of motor casing 101, motor rotor system 102 includes low pressure end 102a and high pressure end 102b, motor casing 101 one side at low pressure end 102a place is provided with backplate 103 with motor casing 101 matched with, be connected for dismantling between backplate 103 and the motor casing 101, be provided with air bearing 104 between motor casing 101 and the motor rotor system 102, main inlet channel 201 is located motor casing 101, axial inlet duct 202 is located the inside axial direction of motor casing 101, with motor rotor system 102 parallel arrangement.

Specifically, the radial air inlet duct 203 includes a low-pressure end air inlet duct 203a and a high-pressure end air inlet duct 203b, wherein the low-pressure end air inlet duct 203a is located on the back plate 103, that is, a groove is opened on the back plate 103 to serve as the low-pressure end air inlet duct 203a, the high-pressure end air inlet duct 203b is located in the direction of the high-pressure end of the motor rotor system 102, that is, on the left side of the motor casing 101, a positioning ring 105 is installed between the motor casing 101 and the back plate 103, a plurality of sets of cooling air ducts 105a circularly arranged around the motor rotor are opened on the positioning ring 105, and the cooling air ducts 105a are arranged along the tangential direction of the positioning ring 105, and function to change the air inlet direction, prevent the cooling air from directly blowing to the impeller of the motor rotor, avoid direct radial excitation of the air flow to the rotor, and improve the cooling efficiency, thereby improving the performance of the, namely, the rotating member 106 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor rotor system 102.

Further, a sealing structure 300 is arranged between the motor rotor system 102 and the back plate 103, similarly, a baffle 107 is arranged between the motor casing 101 and the motor rotor system 102 on the right side of the motor casing 101, and the sealing structure 300 which is the same as the sealing structure on the left side is arranged between the baffle 107 and the motor rotor system 102, where the baffle 107 is used for changing the direction of the air flow entering the high-pressure end air inlet channel 203b, so that the air can change the traveling path and enter the high-pressure end air bearing 104 to enable the high-pressure end air bearing 104 to work, and similarly, at the low-pressure end, the direction of the air is changed by the cooling air channel 105a on the positioning ring 105 and is led into the low-pressure end air bearing 104, so that the air bearings 104 on both sides can work by the air entering in the same direction.

The specific working principle is as follows: after the gas enters the axial inlet duct 202 and the radial inlet duct 203 from the main inlet 201, when the gas flows downward along the high-pressure end inlet duct 203b, the gas is isolated by the baffle 107, so that the gas is diverted to flow to the high-pressure end air bearing 104, at this time, a part of the gas flows out from the sealing structure 300, but because the impeller outside the sealing structure 300 causes the internal air pressure to be lower than the external air pressure, a part of the external gas flows back to enter the air bearing 104 and is supplied to the air bearing 104, the same gas at the low-pressure side inlet duct 203a enters the positioning ring 105 and flows tangentially along the cooling duct 105a on the positioning ring 105, on one hand, radial excitation to the impeller is avoided, on the other hand, the cooling efficiency can be improved, and at the same time, the sealing structure 300 reduces the gas leakage amount in the whole motor casing 101 to the minimum, the gas flowing out of the cooling duct 105a enters the low-pressure side air bearing 104, and is supplied to the low-pressure side air bearing 104 to operate, and part of the gas flowing out of the high-pressure side air bearing 104 flows out of the internal air release passage of the motor casing 101.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 3, this embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the sealing structure 300 comprises a sealing rod 301, and a plurality of sets of annular protrusions 302 on the sealing rod 301, wherein the number of sets of annular protrusions 302 is preferably 3.

Specifically, a gap exists between the protrusion 302 and the back plate 103 and the baffle 107, the gap is defined as a gap K, the height of the protrusion 302 itself is defined as a tooth height H, the distance between two adjacent sets of protrusions 302 is defined as a tooth pitch L, and the ring diameter of the ring-shaped protrusion 302 itself is defined as a diameter M.

Further, the size of the gap (K) is 0.1-0.5 mm, the size of the tooth height (H) is 0.5-2 mm, the size of the tooth pitch (L) is 1-3 mm, the size of the diameter (H) is 30-50 mm, and when the four standard values are in the value range, the overall cooling efficiency and the sealing degree of the fuel cell air compressor are in a better range.

Example 4

Referring to tables 1-5, this embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that: when the number of the groups of the protrusions 302 is 4, the gap K is 0.3mm, the tooth height H is 1mm, the tooth pitch L is 2.5mm, and the diameter H is 40mm, the fuel cell air compressor has optimal working efficiency and can reduce the leakage amount to the minimum value.

Specifically, table 1 is the control experiment data for changing the number of sets of the protrusions 302, table 2 is the control experiment data for changing the value of the diameter H based on the test results of table one, table 3 is the control experiment data for changing the height of the protrusions 302 based on the test results of tables 1 and 2, table 4 is the control experiment data for changing the value of the pitch L based on the test results of tables 1, 2 and 3, and table 5 is the control experiment data for changing only the value of the clearance K based on the determination of the above four values.

According to test result data, when the interval K takes a value of 0.3mm, the tooth height H takes a value of 1mm, the tooth pitch L takes a value of 2.5mm, the diameter H takes a value of 40mm, and the number of groups of the bulges 302 takes 4 groups, the sealing performance of the air compressor of the fuel cell is optimal.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

TABLE 3

TABLE 4

TABLE 5

It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).

It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system, characterized in that: comprising,

air compressor (100);

An air passage circulation structure (200), the air passage circulation structure (200) is arranged in the air compressor (100), and the air passage circulation structure (200) comprises a main air inlet passage (201), an axial inlet passage an air duct (202) and a radial intake duct (203);

A sealing structure (300) is provided at both ends of the air compressor (100) in the axial direction.

2. The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to claim 1, wherein the air compressor (100) comprises a motor housing (101), a motor located inside the motor housing (101) A rotor system (102), the motor rotor system (102) includes a low-voltage end (102a) and a high-voltage end (102b), and a side of the motor casing (101) where the low-voltage end (102a) is located is provided with A back plate (103) matched with a casing (101), an air bearing (104) is arranged between the motor casing (101) and the motor rotor system (102). The main air inlet (201) is located in On the motor housing (101), the axial air intake duct (202) is located in the axial direction inside the motor housing (101).

3. The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to claim 2, wherein the radial air intake duct (203) comprises a low-pressure end air intake duct (203a) and a high-pressure end air intake duct (203a). 203b), wherein the low-pressure end air intake pipe (203a) is located on the back plate (103), and the high-pressure end air intake pipe (203b) is located in the direction of the high-pressure end of the motor housing (101).

4. The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a positioning ring (105) is provided between the motor casing (101) and the back plate (103) ), a plurality of sets of cooling air passages (105a) are arranged on the positioning ring (105), and a rotating member (106) is arranged between the positioning ring (105) and the motor rotor system (102).

5. The fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system according to claim 4, wherein the cooling air passage (105a) is arranged tangentially along the motor rotor system (102), and the cooling air passage (105a) is arranged tangentially along the motor rotor system (102). The tangential direction of the track (105a) is consistent with the rotation direction of the motor rotor system (102).

6. The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to any one of claims 2, 3, and 5, characterized in that: between the motor rotor system (102) and the back plate (103), a The sealing structure (300); a baffle plate (107) is provided between the motor casing (101) and the motor rotor system (102), and the baffle plate (107) is connected to the motor rotor system (102) The sealing structure (300) is arranged therebetween.

7. The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to claim 6, wherein the sealing structure (300) comprises a sealing rod (301) and a plurality of sets of sealing rods (301) A protrusion (302), wherein a gap is left between the protrusion (302), the back plate (103) and the baffle plate (107), and at least three groups of the protrusions (302) are provided.

8. The fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system according to claim 7, wherein the top end of the protrusion (302) is connected to the back plate (103) and the baffle plate (107) The gap between is defined as the gap (K), the height of the protrusions (302) is defined as the tooth height (H), the distance between the adjacent protrusions (302) is defined as the tooth pitch (L), and The distance from the top of the protrusion (302) to the bottom of the sealing structure block (302) is defined as a diameter (M).

9 . The air cooling and sealing system for a fuel cell air compressor according to claim 8 , wherein the gap (K) is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, the tooth height (H) is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, 9 . The tooth pitch (L) is 1 mm to 3 mm, and the diameter (H) is 30 mm to 50 mm.

10. The fuel cell air compressor air cooling and sealing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: the gap (K) is 0.3 mm, the tooth height (H) is 1 mm, and the tooth pitch (L ) was 2.5 mm, and the diameter (H) was 40 mm.