CN113199133A - Angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device and welding method - Google Patents
Angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113199133A CN113199133A CN202110578645.3A CN202110578645A CN113199133A CN 113199133 A CN113199133 A CN 113199133A CN 202110578645 A CN202110578645 A CN 202110578645A CN 113199133 A CN113199133 A CN 113199133A
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种角度可调节的锥形筒环缝搅拌摩擦焊装置及焊接方法，属于搅拌摩擦焊技术领域。该装置包括基座和工件夹持机构，所述工件夹持机构包括支撑架，所述支撑架的一端通过头架、转轴和回转组件与基座连接，所述支撑架的中部通过升降支架与基座活动连接，所述支撑架上活动设有尾架，所述尾架可以在平移驱动组件的驱使下移动，所述尾架上设有尾架锁紧组件。装置经一次安装固定后，即可用于焊接圆筒环缝和锥形筒环缝，无需多次吊装和装拆，消除了安全隐患，同时能够大幅度提高产品的环缝焊接效率。工件相对水平面的倾角能够通过升降支架实现连续调节，使装置适用于焊接圆筒和一定顶角范围内的锥形筒，实用性强。
The invention discloses an angle-adjustable cone-shaped circular seam friction stir welding device and a welding method, which belong to the technical field of friction stir welding. The device includes a base and a workpiece clamping mechanism, the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a support frame, one end of the support frame is connected to the base through a head frame, a rotating shaft and a swivel assembly, and the middle part of the support frame is connected to the base through a lifting bracket The base is movably connected, the support frame is movably provided with a tailstock, the tailstock can be moved under the driving of the translation drive assembly, and a tailstock locking assembly is arranged on the tailstock. After the device is installed and fixed once, it can be used for welding cylindrical circumferential seams and conical cylindrical circumferential seams, without the need for repeated lifting and assembly and disassembly, which eliminates potential safety hazards and can greatly improve the circumferential seam welding efficiency of the product. The inclination angle of the workpiece relative to the horizontal plane can be continuously adjusted through the lifting bracket, so that the device is suitable for welding cylinders and conical cylinders within a certain apex angle range, and has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device and a welding method, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding.
Background
Friction stir welding is an advanced solid phase joining technology which is developed rapidly in recent years, has the technical advantages of high efficiency, low consumption, low welding temperature, small residual stress, difficult deformation of welding workpieces, low environmental requirements and the like, and is widely accepted and paid attention to various industries such as aviation, aerospace and the like. The advancement of welding process equipment also represents the industrial development level of a country to a certain extent, and welding devices are gradually developed towards automation and intellectualization. The existing friction stir welding device generally adopts a pressing claw to clamp a workpiece, the welding direction is not easy to adjust, and the welding efficiency is low. The girth welding device is only suitable for welding the welding seam of the cylindrical barrel, does not have the function of adjusting the direction or the angle, cannot weld the girth of the conical barrel, and has certain limitation.
Chinese patent publication No. CN211588901U discloses a conical circumferential seam friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy targets, which can make the angle between the welding device and the horizontal plane more various and flexible through bases with different angles, reduce the welding difficulty of the conical targets, and improve the welding quality of the conical targets. In actual use, the side plates with different angles are assembled to match the target welding with different tapers.
However, the conical circumferential seam friction stir welding device has the following disadvantages:
1. before welding different tapering targets, need change angle assorted curb plate earlier, every change curb plate, just need assemble unable adjustment base once, and need hang whole device earlier before the dismouting unable adjustment base, it is long, the potential safety hazard is big to install and remove the length of consuming time, leads to product welding efficiency to reduce by a wide margin.
2. The angle between the welding device and the horizontal plane cannot be continuously adjusted, and the practicability is poor.
3. The pressing cylinder drives the movable support and the pressing plate to move through the connecting rod mechanism, the pressing plate and the tensioning sleeve are matched to clamp the conical target and the flange plate, the flexible clamping mode is adopted, the movable support can return under the action of the stirring head, and the welding quality of a product is reduced.
4. The fixed base is not effectively fixed, the device can vibrate greatly in the welding process, and even the displacement phenomenon occurs, so that the welding quality of the product is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an angle-adjustable conical cylinder circular seam friction stir welding device and a welding method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a toper section of thick bamboo circumferential weld friction stir welding device with adjustable angle, includes base and work piece fixture, work piece fixture includes the support frame, headstock, pivot and gyration subassembly and pedestal connection are passed through to the one end of support frame, the middle part of support frame is passed through lifting support and base swing joint, the activity is equipped with the tailstock on the support frame, the tailstock can be at translation drive assembly's the removal of ordering about, be equipped with tailstock locking Assembly on the tailstock.
The front side and the rear side of the headstock are respectively connected with the base through a rotating shaft and a rotating assembly, and the front side and the rear side of the middle part of the support frame are respectively movably connected with the base through a lifting support.
The rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the headstock, the rotating shafts on the front side and the rear side of the headstock are coaxial, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the headstock and the axis of the tailstock, and the rotating assembly comprises a rotating support and a bearing with a seat arranged on the rotating support.
An angle plate is arranged on the rotary support, an angle scribing line is arranged on the angle plate, the rotating shaft penetrates through the angle plate, and an angle pointer is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft.
The lifting support comprises a hollow swinging block and a lifting block, one end of the hollow swinging block is rotatably connected with the base through a pin shaft, the other end of the hollow swinging block is provided with a top plate, a lifting driving motor is arranged on the top plate, a lead screw is movably arranged in the hollow swinging block, gear transmission or chain transmission is adopted between the lead screw and the lifting driving motor, the lifting block is in threaded connection with the lead screw, two circular shafts are coaxially arranged on the lifting block and are connected with the support frame through connecting blocks, and a slot-drawing hole is formed in the hollow swinging block at a position corresponding to the circular shafts along the length direction.
When the connecting block is in contact with the plane determined by the bottom surface of the base, the supporting frame is located at a horizontal position.
The base is provided with two guide rails side by side, the tail frame is connected with the two guide rails in a sliding mode, the translation driving assembly comprises a rack arranged on the base and a speed reducing motor arranged on the tail frame, a gear is sleeved on an output shaft of the speed reducing motor, and the gear is meshed with the rack.
The tailstock locking assembly comprises an air cylinder and a pressing plate, the pressing plate penetrates through the tailstock and is in sliding connection with the tailstock, a friction plate is arranged on the pressing plate, a wedge-shaped hole is formed in the pressing plate, the air cylinder is arranged on the tailstock, a wedge block is arranged on a piston rod of the air cylinder, and the wedge block is inserted into the wedge-shaped hole.
A welding method of an angle-adjustable conical cylinder circular seam friction stir welding device comprises the following main steps:
and 6, after welding is finished, loosening the tailstock by the tailstock locking assembly, driving the tailstock to move in the direction away from the headstock by the translation driving assembly, integrally taking down the workpiece, the mandrel and the inner support, manually loosening the inner support, and taking out the workpiece.
If the workpiece is a conical cylinder in the step 2, the large end of the conical cylinder is close to the headstock, and the small end of the conical cylinder is close to the tailstock; in the step 4, if the workpiece is a cylinder, the lifting driving motor drives the connecting block to move downwards until the lower end of the connecting block is in contact with the ground, at this time, the angle pointer points to a zero scale mark on the angle plate, and if the workpiece is a conical cylinder, the lifting driving motor drives the connecting block to move upwards or downwards until the angle value pointed by the angle pointer on the angle plate is equal to 1/2 at the vertex angle of the conical cylinder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device can be used for welding the circular seam of the cylinder and the circular seam of the conical cylinder after being installed and fixed for one time, does not need to be hoisted and assembled and disassembled for many times, eliminates potential safety hazards, and can greatly improve the circular seam welding efficiency of products.
2. The inclination angle of the workpiece relative to the horizontal plane can be continuously adjusted through the lifting support, so that the device is suitable for welding a cylinder and a conical cylinder in a certain vertex angle range, and the practicability is high.
3. The relative position of the angle pointer and the angle plate is referred, the inclined circular seam of the conical cylinder can be adjusted to be horizontal through the lifting support, the defect that the circular seam with a large inclination angle cannot be welded due to the limited swing angle of the stirring head is overcome, and the conical circular seam welding quality is ensured.
4. After the tail frame moves in place, the tail frame is locked and fixed through the tail frame locking assembly, the tail frame is prevented from returning, the tail frame and the head frame are enabled to stably and reliably clamp a workpiece, and the improvement of the girth welding quality of the product is facilitated.
5. Whole device passes through base fixed mounting subaerial, avoids the device to appear vibrating by a wide margin in welding process, helps improving product girth welding quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the base, rotating assembly, escalator and lifting frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the headstock, tailstock and support frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the headstock, tailstock, and support of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the guide rail, tailrack, and tailrack locking assembly of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the slewing bracket, the seated bearing, the angle plate and the angle indicator according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-base, 2-headstock, 3-tailstock, 4-slewing bracket, 5-lifting bracket, 6-staircase, 7-headstock, 8-rear side shield, 9-crossed cylindrical roller bearing A, 10-helical gear, 11-planetary reducer, 12-slewing drive motor, 13-headstock slewing connection disc, 14-rack, 15-guide rail, 16-tailstock, 17-tailstock slewing connection disc, 18-speed reduction motor, 19-tailstock locking assembly, 20-cylinder, 21-friction plate, 22-wedge, 23-pressing plate, 24-lifting drive motor, 25-angle plate and 26-angle pointer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the angle-adjustable conical cylinder circumferential weld friction stir welding device comprises a base 1 and a workpiece clamping mechanism, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a support frame, one end of the support frame is connected with the base 1 through a headstock 2, a rotating shaft and a rotating assembly, the middle of the support frame is rotatably connected with the base 1 through a lifting support 5, a tailstock 3 is movably mounted on the support frame, the tailstock 3 can move under the driving of a translation driving assembly, and a tailstock locking assembly 19 is mounted on the tailstock 3. When the rotary table is used, the base 1 is of a U-shaped structure and fixedly mounted on the ground, and the two ends of the base 1 are welded with the double lug plates, so that the base is conveniently connected with the hollow swing block in a rotating mode through the pin shaft. The support frame also is the U-shaped structure, and the inboard welding of support frame has the reinforcing plate, and the support frame is located the inboard of base 1, and headstock 2 fixed mounting is at the U-shaped open end of support frame, and headstock 2 and tailstock 3 coaxial arrangement.
The front side and the rear side of the headstock 2 are respectively connected with the base 1 through a rotating shaft and a rotating assembly, and the front side and the rear side of the middle part of the support frame are respectively connected with the base 1 through a lifting support 5 in a rotating manner.
The rotating shaft is fixedly welded on the headstock 2, the rotating shafts on the front side and the rear side of the headstock 2 are coaxial, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the headstock 2 and the axis of the tailstock 3, and the rotating assembly comprises a rotating support 4 and a bearing with a seat, which is arranged on the rotating support 4. The axis of the rotating shaft is vertical to and intersected with the axis of the headstock 2 and the axis of the tailstock 3, and when the workpiece is coaxial with the headstock 2 and the tailstock 3, the rotating shaft rotates by more or less degrees, and the axis of the workpiece rotates by more or less degrees around the rotating shaft.
An angle plate 25 is mounted on the rotary support 4, an angle groove is processed on the angle plate 25, a rotating shaft penetrates through the angle plate 25, and an angle pointer 26 is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotating shaft. The angle pointer 26 and the angle plate 25 are conveniently referred, and the support frame and the workpiece are quickly and accurately rotated to a required angle through the lifting support 5.
The lifting support 5 comprises a hollow swinging block and a lifting block, one end of the hollow swinging block is rotatably connected with the base 1 through a pin shaft, the other end of the hollow swinging block is provided with a top plate, a lifting driving motor 24 is arranged on the top plate, a screw rod is movably arranged in the hollow swinging block, gear transmission or chain transmission is adopted between the screw rod and the lifting driving motor 24, the lifting block is in threaded connection with the screw rod, two circular shafts are coaxially welded on the lifting block and are connected with the support frame through connecting blocks, and a slot stretching hole is formed in the hollow swinging block at the position corresponding to the circular shafts along the length direction. The lifting driving motor 24 drives the screw rod to rotate through gear transmission or chain transmission, and the lifting block can move along the length direction of the screw rod due to the threaded connection of the lifting block and the screw rod, so that the supporting frame, the headstock 2, the tailstock 3 and the like are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft through the round shaft and the connecting block, and the purpose of adjusting the angle of the workpiece is achieved.
When the connecting block is contacted with a plane (namely the ground) determined by the bottom surface of the base 1, the supporting frame is positioned at a horizontal position. When the connecting block is in contact with the ground, the angle pointer 26 points to the zero scale mark on the angle plate 25, which is helpful to improve the speed of adjusting the support frame to the horizontal position.
Two guide rails 15 are arranged on the base 1 side by side, the tail frame 3 is connected with the two guide rails 15 in a sliding mode, the translation driving assembly comprises a rack 14 arranged on the base 1 and a speed reducing motor 18 arranged on the tail frame 3, a gear is sleeved on an output shaft of the speed reducing motor 18, and the gear is meshed with the rack 14. The gear motor 18 drives the tailstock 3 to move towards or away from the headstock 2 through a gear rack mechanism.
A welding method of an angle-adjustable conical cylinder circular seam friction stir welding device comprises the following main steps:
And 2, mounting the workpiece on a mandrel with an internal support, adjusting the internal support to fix the workpiece, integrally hoisting the workpiece, the mandrel and the internal support between the headstock 2 and the tailstock 3 by a crane or a traveling crane, driving the tailstock 3 to move towards the direction close to the headstock 2 by a translation driving assembly, clamping and fixing the workpiece by matching the tailstock 3 with the headstock 2, and ensuring that the workpiece is coaxial with the headstock 2 and the tailstock 3.
And 3, locking and fixing the tail frame 3 through the tail frame locking assembly 19.
And 4, adjusting the angle of the workpiece clamping mechanism through the lifting support 5 according to the type of the workpiece, and ensuring that the axis of the stirring head is positioned in the circular seam section.
And 5, driving the workpiece to do rotary motion through the headstock 2, inserting the stirring head into the welding line, and starting welding.
And 6, after welding is finished, the tailstock locking assembly 19 releases the tailstock 3, the translation driving assembly drives the tailstock 3 to move towards the direction far away from the headstock 2, meanwhile, the workpiece, the mandrel and the inner support are integrally taken down, then the inner support is manually released, and the workpiece is taken out.
In the step 2, if the workpiece is a conical cylinder, the large end of the conical cylinder is close to the headstock 2, and the small end of the conical cylinder is close to the tailstock 3; in the step 4, if the workpiece is a cylinder, the lifting drive motor 24 drives the connecting block to move downwards until the lower end of the connecting block contacts with the ground, at this time, the angle pointer 26 points to the zero scale mark on the angle plate 25, and if the workpiece is a cone, the lifting drive motor 24 drives the connecting block to move upwards or downwards until the angle value pointed by the angle pointer 26 on the angle plate 25 is equal to 1/2 at the vertex angle of the cone.
Specifically, the escalator 6 is welded on the outer side of the rotary support 4 on the base 1.
The headstock 2 comprises a headstock body 7, a planetary reducer 11, a rotary driving motor 12, a crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9 and a headstock rotary connecting disc 13, the planetary reducer 11 is installed on the headstock body 7, the rotary driving motor 12 is connected with the input end of the planetary reducer 11, an output shaft of the planetary reducer 11 is sleeved with a helical gear 10, the crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9 is coaxial with the headstock 2, an inner ring of the crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9 is fixedly connected with the headstock body 7, an outer ring of the crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9 is processed with helical teeth, an outer ring of the crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9 is meshed with the helical gear 10, the headstock rotary connecting disc 13 is coaxially and fixedly installed on the outer ring of the crossed cylindrical roller bearing A9, and a secondary switching tool is coaxially installed on the headstock rotary connecting disc 13. In addition, a rear side shield 8 is installed at one side of the head frame body 7.
The invention relates to an angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device, which has the following working principle:
installing a workpiece on a mandrel with an internal support, adjusting the internal support to fix the workpiece, integrally hoisting the workpiece, the mandrel and the internal support between a headstock 2 and a tailstock 3 by a crane or a traveling crane, positioning two ends of the workpiece by a secondary transfer tool on a headstock rotary connecting disc 13 and a tailstock rotary connecting disc 17, and ensuring the coaxiality of the headstock rotary connecting disc 13, the workpiece and the tailstock rotary connecting disc 17;
the gear motor 18 drives the tailstock 3 to move towards the direction close to the headstock 2 through a gear rack mechanism, the tailstock 3 is matched with the headstock 2 to clamp and fix a workpiece, the air cylinder 20 acts, a piston rod of the air cylinder extends out to push the wedge block 22 to move leftwards, and meanwhile, the wedge block 22 lifts the pressing plate 23 upwards to press the friction plate 21 on the guide rail 15, so that the tailstock 3 is kept fixed;
according to the type of the workpiece (namely, the circular seam type), the connecting block is driven to move upwards or downwards by the lifting driving motor 24, and the workpiece is adjusted to a required angle;
the rotary driving motor 12 drives the helical gear 10 to rotate through the planetary reducer 11, then drives the headstock rotary connecting disc 13, the workpiece and the tailstock rotary connecting disc 17 to do rotary motion through gear transmission, and the circular seam welding work can be started by inserting the stirring head into a welding seam.
The angle-adjustable conical cylinder circular seam friction stir welding device and the welding method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:
1. the device can be used for welding the circular seam of the cylinder and the circular seam of the conical cylinder after being installed and fixed for one time, does not need to be hoisted and assembled and disassembled for many times, eliminates potential safety hazards, and can greatly improve the circular seam welding efficiency of products.
2. The inclination angle of the workpiece relative to the horizontal plane can be continuously adjusted through the lifting support 5, so that the device is suitable for welding a cylinder and a conical cylinder in a certain vertex angle range, and the practicability is high.
3. By referring to the relative positions of the angle pointer 26 and the angle plate 25, the inclined circular seam of the conical cylinder can be adjusted horizontally through the lifting support 5, the defect that the circular seam with a large inclination angle cannot be welded due to the limited swing angle of the stirring head is overcome, and the conical circular seam welding quality is ensured.
4. After the tail frame 3 is moved in place, the tail frame 3 is locked and fixed through the tail frame locking assembly 19, the tail frame 3 is prevented from returning, the tail frame 3 and the headstock 2 can stably and reliably clamp a workpiece, and the improvement of the girth welding quality of a product is facilitated.
5. Whole device passes through 1 fixed mounting of base subaerial, avoids the device to appear vibrating by a wide margin in welding process, helps improving product girth welding quality.
Claims (10)
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| CN202110578645.3A CN113199133A (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device and welding method |
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| CN202110578645.3A CN113199133A (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Angle-adjustable conical cylinder annular seam friction stir welding device and welding method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114406445A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-04-29 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Rotary isolation mechanism and friction welding machine |
| CN114918514A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-19 | 河北业鑫金属制品有限公司 | Cable bridge forming and processing device and processing method |
| CN115647723A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-01-31 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | Bellows assembly girth welding device and welding method thereof |
| WO2023168958A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Axis adjusting device of friction welding machine, slide mechanism, and friction welding machine |
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