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CN113189972B - A single chip microcomputer testing device and method - Google Patents

A single chip microcomputer testing device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113189972B
CN113189972B CN202110611703.8A CN202110611703A CN113189972B CN 113189972 B CN113189972 B CN 113189972B CN 202110611703 A CN202110611703 A CN 202110611703A CN 113189972 B CN113189972 B CN 113189972B
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Prior art keywords
chip microcomputer
circuit
port
button
test
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CN113189972A (en
Inventor
张泽林
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Wuxi Xijie Microelectronics Co ltd
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Wuxi Xijie Microelectronics Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0208Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
    • G05B23/0213Modular or universal configuration of the monitoring system, e.g. monitoring system having modules that may be combined to build monitoring program; monitoring system that can be applied to legacy systems; adaptable monitoring system; using different communication protocols
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24065Real time diagnostics

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electronic Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of single chip microcomputer testing and discloses a single chip microcomputer testing device and method, wherein the single chip microcomputer testing device comprises a locking seat, a power module and a testing circuit, wherein a wiring terminal is arranged on the locking seat, when the single chip microcomputer is placed on the locking seat, one pin of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with one wiring terminal, the power module respectively supplies power to the single chip microcomputer and the testing circuit, the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the testing circuit through a wire, in actual use, the testing circuit is not electrically connected with the pin of the single chip microcomputer or the wiring terminal electrically connected with the pin of the single chip microcomputer in advance according to a fixed connection circuit, but is arranged in a split mode with the single chip microcomputer, in actual test, the testing pin of the single chip microcomputer can be electrically connected with part of circuits in the testing circuit according to test requirements, the flexibility is high, and single chip microcomputers with different types and different digits can be tested.

Description

Singlechip testing device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of single-chip microcomputer testing, in particular to a single-chip microcomputer testing device and method.
Background
A single chip microcomputer is a microcomputer system which is formed by integrating a plurality of functional circuits such as a CPU (central processing unit), a RAM (random access memory), a ROM (read only memory), a plurality of I/O (input/output) ports, an interrupt system, a timer, a counter, a display driving circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit and the like with a single silicon chip by adopting a very large scale integrated circuit technology and is widely applied to the field of industrial control. At present, the single chip microcomputer can be divided into 8 bits, 16 bits and 32 bits, and after the single chip microcomputer is produced, specific testing devices are needed to test single chip microcomputers with different digits and different models, so that the testing flexibility is low, and the time consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the background technology, the invention provides a single-chip microcomputer testing device and a single-chip microcomputer testing method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing single-chip microcomputer testing device is low in testing flexibility during testing.
The technical scheme is that the single chip microcomputer testing device comprises a locking seat, a power module and a testing circuit, wherein a wiring terminal is arranged on the locking seat, when the single chip microcomputer is placed on the locking seat, one pin of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with one wiring terminal, the power module supplies power to the single chip microcomputer and the testing circuit respectively, and the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the testing circuit through a wire.
As a further technical scheme, the power supply module outputs two paths of direct-current voltages respectively, the power supply module supplies power to the singlechip and the test circuit through the change-over switch, and the change-over switch is used for selecting one path of direct-current voltage to be input to the singlechip and the test circuit.
Further, the magnitudes of the two direct current voltages are 5V and 3V, respectively.
The test circuit comprises a common anode light emitting diode circuit, a common cathode light emitting diode circuit, an LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit, an LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit, a buzzer circuit, a stepping motor driving circuit, a matrix keyboard circuit, a low-level trigger key group circuit, a high-level trigger key group circuit, a 138 decoder circuit, an external E2PROM circuit, an infrared receiving circuit, a 2.4G wireless receiving and transmitting circuit, an LED lattice circuit, a temperature sensor circuit, a common anode nixie tube circuit, a common cathode nixie tube circuit, a voltage detection circuit and one or more circuits in the test circuit, wherein the singlechip is electrically connected with one or more circuits in the test circuit through wires.
When in actual use, the singlechip is placed on the locking seat, pins of the singlechip can be electrically connected with part of circuits in the test circuit by using the DuPont wire according to test requirements, and a specific test device is not required to be designed. For example, when the test circuit comprises all the circuits, if the driving capability of the singlechip is required to be tested, the IO pin of the singlechip is electrically connected with the common anode light-emitting diode circuit and the LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit by using the DuPont wire, so that the whole test flexibility is high, and the wiring of the singlechip and the test circuit can be performed according to different test requirements.
A single chip microcomputer testing method is applied to the single chip microcomputer testing device and comprises the following steps of S1, placing the single chip microcomputer on a locking seat, using a wire to electrically connect a testing pin of the single chip microcomputer with a testing circuit according to testing requirements, S2, writing a testing program into the single chip microcomputer, and S3, observing whether the testing circuit responds to the single chip microcomputer or not when the single chip microcomputer operates.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2, a plurality of test programs are sequentially written into the singlechip to realize different performance tests of the singlechip.
Compared with the prior art, the testing circuit has the advantages that the testing circuit is not electrically connected with the pins of the single chip microcomputer or the wiring terminals electrically connected with the pins of the single chip microcomputer in advance according to the fixed connection circuit, but is arranged in a split mode with the single chip microcomputer, when the testing is actually carried out, the Dupont wire can be used for electrically connecting the testing pins of the single chip microcomputer with part of circuits in the testing circuit for testing according to testing requirements, the flexibility is high, and the single chip microcomputer with different models and different digits can be tested.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single chip microcomputer testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a DC power supply circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a USB power supply circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a liquid crystal circuit of an LCD1602 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a 138 decoder circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a buzzer circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a thermistor and a photoresistor of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a common anode LED circuit and a common cathode LED circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of an E2PROM circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a matrix keyboard circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of a stepper motor drive circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a high level toggle key set circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a common anode nixie tube circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a voltage detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of a current detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of an LED array circuit of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a circuit diagram of a 2.4G radio transceiver circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
A single chip microcomputer testing device comprises a locking seat 1, a power module 2 and a testing circuit 3, wherein a wiring terminal is arranged on the locking seat 1, when the single chip microcomputer is placed on the locking seat 1, one pin of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with one wiring terminal, the power module 2 supplies power to the single chip microcomputer and the testing circuit 3 respectively, and the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the testing circuit 3 through wires.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a power module 1 outputs two paths of dc voltages, the magnitudes of the two paths of dc voltages are 5V and 3V, respectively, the power module 1 supplies power to a singlechip and a test circuit through a switch K1, and the switch K1 is used for selecting one path of dc voltage to be input to the singlechip and the test circuit, wherein the switch K1 can select a boat switch. Referring to fig. 1, a power module 1 in this embodiment includes a dc power supply circuit and a USB power supply circuit, and circuit diagrams of the dc power supply circuit and the USB power supply circuit are shown in fig. 2 and 3, respectively, where the dc power supply circuit and the USB power supply circuit can both output a 5V dc voltage and a 3V dc voltage, and the power supply can be flexibly selected by the dc power supply circuit and the USB power supply circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the test circuit 3 includes one or more circuits of a common anode light emitting diode circuit, a common cathode light emitting diode circuit, an LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit, an LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit, a buzzer circuit, a stepper motor driving circuit, a matrix keyboard circuit, a low-level trigger key group circuit, a high-level trigger key group circuit, a 138 decoder circuit, an E2PROM circuit, an infrared receiving circuit, a 2.4G wireless transceiver circuit, an LED lattice circuit, a temperature sensor circuit, a common anode nixie tube circuit, a common cathode nixie tube circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a current detection circuit, wherein the buzzer circuit may employ a passive buzzer circuit, the voltage detection circuit may employ a voltmeter, the current detection circuit may employ a ammeter, the common anode nixie tube circuit and the common cathode nixie tube circuit may employ a 7-section 6-bit nixie tube, the LED lattice circuit may employ an 8 x 8LED lattice, and the singlechip is electrically connected with one or more circuits of the test circuit through wires.
In practical use, the test circuit 3 may include all the above circuits, and then a plurality of circuits may be selected from the above circuits according to the test requirement to test a performance of the singlechip, for example, when the driving performance of the singlechip is tested, the dupont wire may be used to enable the IO pin of the singlechip to be sequentially and electrically connected with the LED dot matrix circuit, the common anode nixie tube circuit and the common cathode nixie tube circuit, or when the iic communication protocol of the singlechip is tested to be normal, the dupont wire may be used to electrically connect the communication pin of the singlechip with the E2PROM circuit and the common anode light emitting diode, and when the singlechip is successfully communicated with the E2PROMiic, the common anode light emitting diode may be enabled to emit light to prompt.
In practical use, the test circuit 3 can also select a part of circuits from the circuits according to test requirements to complete one or more performance tests of the singlechip.
A single chip microcomputer testing method is applied to the single chip microcomputer testing device and comprises the following steps of S1, placing the single chip microcomputer on a locking seat, using a wire to electrically connect a testing pin of the single chip microcomputer with a testing circuit according to testing requirements, S2, writing a testing program into the single chip microcomputer, and S3, observing whether the testing circuit responds to the single chip microcomputer when the single chip microcomputer runs.
When the testing method is used for detecting the power supply voltage, the grounding end of the power supply module can be connected to the grounding end of the single chip microcomputer and the voltmeter respectively by using the DuPont wire, the positive electrode end of the power supply module is connected to the power supply end of the single chip microcomputer and the voltmeter respectively, and the power supply voltage of the power supply module is detected by using the voltmeter.
The testing method of the invention is characterized in that when the port characteristic voltage of the singlechip is tested and turned over, the negative electrode of the adjustable stabilized power supply is connected to the grounding end of the singlechip, the positive electrode of the adjustable stabilized power supply is connected to the power end of the singlechip, the ammeter is connected in series between the positive electrode of the adjustable stabilized power supply and the power end of the singlechip, the testing IO pin of the singlechip is connected to the common cathode light emitting diode circuit through the DuPont line, the left circuit in FIG. 9 is the common anode light emitting diode circuit, the right circuit is the common cathode light emitting diode circuit, after the singlechip is placed on the locking seat, a testing program is written into the singlechip, the testing IO pin of the singlechip outputs a high-level signal, then the output voltage of the adjustable stabilized power supply is sequentially adjusted to 5V from 0V, each time 0.1V is increased, the values of the voltmeter and the ammeter are recorded when the common cathode light emitting diode is lightened, the output voltage of the adjustable stabilized power supply is adjusted to 0V from 5V each time, when the common cathode light emitting diode is turned off, the common cathode light emitting diode circuit is recorded, the values of the voltmeter and the ammeter are turned over when the three ports of the singlechip are turned over again and the characteristic voltage of the singlechip is turned over from 100 mA, and the characteristic voltage of the singlechip is turned over from the three ports to 100 mA is turned over, and the LED is turned over normally.
When the driving performance of the singlechip is tested, the power module 1, the ammeter and the singlechip are sequentially connected in series by using the DuPont wire, the ports of the singlechip are sequentially connected with the LED dot matrix circuit, the common anode nixie tube circuit and the common cathode nixie tube circuit by using the DuPont wire, then a test program is input into the singlechip, the LEDs in the LED array circuit are sequentially lightened, the common anode nixie tube circuit and the common cathode nixie tube circuit are displayed from 000001 to 9999, when the singlechip runs the test program, whether the brightness of the LED lamps in the LED array circuit, the common anode nixie tube circuit and the nixie tubes in the common cathode nixie tube circuit is uniform or not is observed, and whether the value tested by the ammeter is in a normal test interval is observed.
According to the test method, when the sleep current of the singlechip is tested, the power supply module 1 is connected in series with the ammeter through the DuPont wire to supply power to the singlechip, the ammeter monitors the power supply voltage of the power supply module, the current of a conventional sleep mode is less than 1uA, the power consumption of a watchdog wake-up sleep mode is less than 6uA, the power consumption of an RTC (TCC) sleep wake-up mode is less than 25uA and is normal, and a conventional sleep program, a watchdog wake-up sleep program and an RTC (TCC) wake-up sleep program are respectively written into the singlechip to test the sleep current of the singlechip.
When the built-in pull-up of a port of the singlechip is tested, the power module 1 supplies power to the singlechip through the DuPont wire, the port of the singlechip is connected to a low-level trigger key group circuit through the DuPont wire, the voltmeter is connected to the GND port and the key port of the singlechip in parallel, a low-level trigger key configuration program is written into the singlechip, one bit of IO port is provided with input for pulling up, the other bit is output, and the like until the test of all pull-up IO ports of the chip is completed, the voltmeter is displayed as high level when the key is not pressed, the voltmeter is displayed as low level when the key is pressed, and the apparent current value of current serially connected to the ground through the pull-up port is that 2V is below 15uA, 3V is below 40uA, 4V is below 75uA, 5V is below 120uA, and 6V is below 170 uA.
When the built-in pull-down of the port of the singlechip is tested, the power supply module supplies power to the singlechip through the DuPont wire, the port of the singlechip is connected to the high-level trigger key group circuit through the DuPont wire, the voltmeter is connected to the VCC port and the key port of the singlechip in parallel, and the high-level trigger key configuration program is written into the singlechip, so that one bit of the IO port is provided with the input and the pull-down, and the other bit is output. And so on until all pull-down IO port tests for the chip are completed. The voltmeter is displayed at a low level when the key is not pressed, and is displayed at a high level when the key is pressed. The pull-down port has a current value of 8uA or less for the VCC series current, 20uA or less for 3V, 40uA or less for 4V, 60uA or less for 5V, and 85uA or less for 6V;
When the built-in E2PROM is tested, the power supply module is connected in series with the ammeter through the DuPont wire to supply power to the singlechip, the port of the singlechip is connected to the high-level trigger key group circuit and the common anode light emitting diode circuit through the DuPont wire, one IO port of the singlechip is set to be key input, 3 IO ports are output to the LEDs, after the key is pressed once, 1 LED lamp is lighted, the singlechip writes data to the E2PROM, after the key is pressed twice, two LEDs are lighted, the singlechip writes data to the E2PROM, after the key is pressed three times, the three LEDs are lighted, the singlechip writes data to the E2PROM, in the state of pressing the key for the second time, whether the state is kept in the state of pressing the key for the third time is detected after the power is turned off, and whether the value of the ammeter in the test is between 100uA and 2mA is observed.
When the invention tests the LCD section output resource of the singlechip, the power module is connected with the ammeter in series through the DuPont line and then supplies power to the singlechip, the LCD port of the singlechip is connected with the LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit and the LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit through the DuPont line in sequence, the io port is connected with the matrix keyboard circuit through the DuPont line, the matrix keyboard is 4*4 matrix keyboards, respectively corresponding to 0 to 9, +, -,/, =, and, =, a test program is input into the singlechip, the white screen is initialized, the LCD1602 liquid crystal screen and the LCD12864 liquid crystal screen are not displayed, then the matrix keyboard is scanned through a simple computer keyboard scanning program, random combination operation (for example, 1+1=2) corresponding to the pressing of the keys is displayed on the LCD liquid crystal screen, whether the display corresponding to the LCD liquid crystal screen is complete, whether the brightness is uniform or not and whether the display value of the ammeter is between normal intervals is observed, and whether the LCD section output resource of the singlechip is qualified or not is judged;
When a square wave pulse signal sent by a singlechip IO port time sequence is tested, a power supply module supplies power to the singlechip through a DuPont wire parallel voltmeter, the singlechip IO port is connected to a stepping motor driving module and a common cathode light-emitting diode circuit through the DuPont wire, the common anode light-emitting diode circuit comprises a green led lamp, a yellow led lamp and a red led lamp, the IO port is connected to a low-level trigger key through the DuPont wire, the singlechip is placed (the IO port connected with the key is set as input, the IO port connected with the motor driving module and the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit is set as output;
When the method is used for testing the square wave performance of the output frequency of the singlechip, the power supply module supplies power to the singlechip through the DuPont wire, the io port of the singlechip is connected to the buzzer circuit through the DuPont wire, the singlechip is placed (the io port of the singlechip outputs the square wave frequency to play a simple music program), and when no oscilloscope exists, whether the square wave performance of the output frequency of the singlechip is qualified or not is judged by whether the sound played by the buzzer is obviously abnormal or not;
When testing the built-in RC oscillator LDO reference anti-interference performance of the singlechip, the power supply module supplies power to the singlechip through the DuPont wire, the io port of the singlechip is connected to the infrared receiving circuit and the 138 decoder circuit through the DuPont wire, the singlechip (the remote controller controls the LED action in the 138 decoder circuit) is placed, and the remote controller observes whether the corresponding LED works normally after being pressed down;
When testing the ic communication protocol of the singlechip, the power supply module is connected in series with the ammeter through the DuPont wire to supply power to the singlechip, the singlechip port is connected to the E2PROM circuit, the high-level trigger key group circuit and the common anode light emitting diode circuit through the DuPont wire, the one-bit IO port of the singlechip is set to be key input, the three-bit IO port is set to be LED output, when the key is pressed once, 1 LED lamp is on, the singlechip writes data into the E2PROM, after the key is pressed twice, two LEDs are on, the singlechip writes data into the E2PROM, after the key is pressed three times, the three LEDs are on, the singlechip writes data into the E2PROM, when the key is pressed twice, whether the power-down re-electrifying detection is kept in the state of the second pressing, and when the key is pressed three times, the power-down re-electrifying detection is kept in the state of the third pressing, and whether the singlechip can normally carry out the ic communication is judged by observing whether the value of the ammeter is between normal intervals in the whole process;
The method comprises the steps that when serial port resources of a singlechip are tested, a power module supplies power to the singlechip through a DuPont wire parallel voltmeter, the serial port of the singlechip is connected to an external 2.4G wireless transceiver circuit through the DuPont wire, an io port of the singlechip is connected with a stepping motor driving circuit and a common cathode light-emitting diode circuit, the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit comprises a green led lamp, a yellow led lamp and a red led lamp, the singlechip is placed, forward rotation, stop, reverse rotation, acceleration and deceleration instructions of the motor are sent by the singlechip firstly through a remote controller, the green led lamp is on when the singlechip receives the forward rotation instructions of the motor, the yellow led lamp is on when the singlechip receives the stop instructions of the motor, and the red led lamp is on when the singlechip receives the reverse rotation instructions of the motor. After the remote controller is pressed down, whether serial port resources of the singlechip are qualified or not is judged by observing whether the light-emitting condition of the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit and the display value of the voltmeter fluctuate when the rotating speed of the motor is increased;
When the method is used for testing the adc resource of the singlechip, the power supply module supplies power to the singlechip through the DuPont line, the singlechip is connected to the LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit through the DuPont line, the ad channel of the singlechip is selected, the internal references 2V, 3V, 4V and VDD are selected, the channel input voltage is gradually increased from 5mV to 5000mV, each time the input voltage is increased by 5mV, and the high eight-bit and low four-bit hexadecimal values acquired by each step are displayed on the LCD12864 liquid crystal screen. Each ad acquisition channel is selected from the internal references of 2V, 3V, 4V and VDD, and each step is acquired for 4 times, and the like until each ad acquisition channel of the tested singlechip is tested. If the error range of the acquired value and the input value is one thousandth, the adc resource of the singlechip is qualified. In addition, in this embodiment, the test circuit 3 further includes a circuit diagram of a thermistor and a photoresistor as shown in fig. 8, and since resistance values of the thermistor Rz and the photoresistor Rg change with changes of temperature and light intensity, two paths of analog signals can be output to test the adc resource of the singlechip through the circuit shown in fig. 8.
Therefore, the invention can sequentially write a plurality of test programs into the singlechip to realize different performance tests of the singlechip, and when different test programs are written, only the DuPont wire is used for electrically connecting the test port corresponding to the singlechip with the related test circuit.
In summary, the test circuit of the invention is not electrically connected with the pins of the singlechip or the wiring terminals electrically connected with the pins of the singlechip in advance according to the fixed connection circuit, but is separately arranged with the singlechip, and when the test is actually performed, the DuPont wire can be used for electrically connecting the test pins of the singlechip with part of circuits in the test circuit for testing according to the test requirement, so that the flexibility is high, and the test circuit can be used for testing singlechips with different types and different digits.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a portable electronic device capable of performing various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims (2)

1.一种单片机测试方法,其特征在于,通过单片机测试装置实现,所述单片机测试装置包括锁紧座,所述锁紧座上设有接线端子,当所述单片机放置在所述锁紧座上时,单片机的一个引脚与一个接线端子电连接;还包括电源模块和测试电路,所述电源模块分别向所述单片机和测试电路供电,所述单片机通过导线与测试电路电连接;1. A single-chip microcomputer testing method, characterized in that it is implemented by a single-chip microcomputer testing device, the single-chip microcomputer testing device comprises a locking seat, the locking seat is provided with a wiring terminal, when the single-chip microcomputer is placed on the locking seat, a pin of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to a wiring terminal; it also comprises a power module and a test circuit, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer and the test circuit respectively, and the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the test circuit through a wire; 所述电源模块分别输出两路直流电压,所述电源模块通过切换开关向所述单片机和测试电路供电,所述切换开关用于选择一路直流电压输入到所述单片机和测试电路;The power supply module outputs two DC voltages respectively, and the power supply module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer and the test circuit through a switching switch, and the switching switch is used to select one DC voltage to be input to the single-chip microcomputer and the test circuit; 所述两路直流电压的幅值分别为5V和3V;The amplitudes of the two DC voltages are 5V and 3V respectively; 所述测试电路包括共阳极发光二极管电路、共阴极发光二极管电路、LCD1602液晶电路、LCD12864液晶电路、蜂鸣器电路、步进电机驱动电路、矩阵键盘电路、低电平触发按键组电路、高电平触发按键组电路、138译码器电路、外置E2PROM电路、红外接收电路、2.4G无线收发电路、LED点阵电路、温度传感器电路、共阳极数码管电路、共阴极数码管电路、电压检测电路和电流检测电路中的一个或者多个电路;所述单片机通过导线与所述测试电路中的一个或者多个电路电连接The test circuit includes one or more circuits of a common anode light emitting diode circuit, a common cathode light emitting diode circuit, an LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit, an LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit, a buzzer circuit, a stepper motor drive circuit, a matrix keyboard circuit, a low level trigger key group circuit, a high level trigger key group circuit, a 138 decoder circuit, an external E2PROM circuit, an infrared receiving circuit, a 2.4G wireless transceiver circuit, an LED dot matrix circuit, a temperature sensor circuit, a common anode digital tube circuit, a common cathode digital tube circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a current detection circuit; the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected to one or more circuits in the test circuit through a wire. 包括以下步骤:S1:将单片机放置在锁紧座上,按照测试要求使用导线将单片机的测试引脚与测试电路电连接;S2:向单片机写入测试程序;S3:观察单片机运行时所述测试电路是否响应所述单片机;The method comprises the following steps: S1: placing a single chip microcomputer on a locking seat, and electrically connecting the test pin of the single chip microcomputer with the test circuit using a wire according to the test requirements; S2: writing a test program into the single chip microcomputer; S3: observing whether the test circuit responds to the single chip microcomputer when the single chip microcomputer is running; 在测试单片机的端口特性电压翻转点时,将可调稳压电源的负极接到单片机的接地端,将可调稳压电源的正极接到单片机的电源端,电流表串联在可调稳压电源的正极和单片机的电源端之间,单片机的测试IO引脚通过杜邦线接到共阴极发光二极管电路,当单片机放置在锁紧座上后,向单片机内写入测试程序,使单片机的测试IO引脚输出高电平信号,然后将可调稳压电源的输出电压从0V依次调到5V,每次增加0.1V,当共阴极发光二极管发亮时,记录此时电压表和电流表的值,接着将可调稳压电源的输出电压从5V调至0V,每次减小0.1V,当共阴极发光二极管灭掉时,记录此时电压表和电流表的值,对单片机的每个IO端口重复三次以上动作便能完成单片机的端口特性电压翻转点测试,共阴极发光二极管从灭变亮或者从亮变灭时,电压表显示的电压值为翻转电压,电流表显示的值为单片机的功耗电流,如果电流表的值在100uA-1mA之间,则为正常功耗;When testing the port characteristic voltage flip point of the single-chip microcomputer, connect the negative pole of the adjustable regulated power supply to the ground terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, connect the positive pole of the adjustable regulated power supply to the power terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, connect the ammeter in series between the positive pole of the adjustable regulated power supply and the power terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and connect the test IO pin of the single-chip microcomputer to the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit through the DuPont line. When the single-chip microcomputer is placed on the locking seat, write the test program into the single-chip microcomputer to make the test IO pin of the single-chip microcomputer output a high-level signal, and then adjust the output voltage of the adjustable regulated power supply from 0V to 5V in sequence, increasing by 0.1V each time. When the common cathode light-emitting diode When the cathode light-emitting diode is on, record the values of the voltmeter and ammeter at this time, then adjust the output voltage of the adjustable voltage-stabilized power supply from 5V to 0V, reducing it by 0.1V each time. When the common cathode light-emitting diode is off, record the values of the voltmeter and ammeter at this time. Repeat the action for more than three times for each IO port of the microcontroller to complete the port characteristic voltage reversal point test of the microcontroller. When the common cathode light-emitting diode changes from off to on or from on to off, the voltage value displayed by the voltmeter is the reversal voltage, and the value displayed by the ammeter is the power consumption current of the microcontroller. If the value of the ammeter is between 100uA-1mA, it is normal power consumption. 在测试单片机的驱动性能时,先使用杜邦线将电源模块、电流表和单片机依次串联,再使用杜邦线将单片机的端口依次连接LED点阵电路、共阳极数码管电路和共阴极数码管电路,然后向单片机输入测试程序,使LED点阵电路中的LED依次发亮,使共阳极数码管电路和共阴极数码管电路从000001显示到999999,当单片机运行测试程序时,观察LED点阵电路中的LED灯、共阳极数码管电路和共阴极数码管电路中的数码管的亮度是否均匀,观察电流表测试的值是不是在正常的测试区间内;When testing the driving performance of the single-chip microcomputer, first use the DuPont line to connect the power module, the ammeter and the single-chip microcomputer in series in sequence, and then use the DuPont line to connect the ports of the single-chip microcomputer to the LED dot matrix circuit, the common anode digital tube circuit and the common cathode digital tube circuit in sequence, and then input the test program into the single-chip microcomputer to make the LEDs in the LED dot matrix circuit light up in sequence, and make the common anode digital tube circuit and the common cathode digital tube circuit display from 000001 to 999999. When the single-chip microcomputer runs the test program, observe whether the brightness of the LED lights in the LED dot matrix circuit, the digital tubes in the common anode digital tube circuit and the common cathode digital tube circuit are uniform, and observe whether the value tested by the ammeter is within the normal test range; 在测试单片机的睡眠电流时,电源模块经杜邦线串联电流表给单片机供电,电压表监测电源模块的供电电压,常规睡眠模式电流在1uA以下、看门狗唤醒睡眠模式功耗在6uA以下、RTC/TCC睡眠唤醒模式功耗在25uA以下为正常,分别向单片机写入常规睡眠程序、看门狗唤醒睡眠程序、RTC/TCC唤醒睡眠程序来测试单片机的睡眠电流;When testing the sleep current of the MCU, the power module supplies power to the MCU through the DuPont line in series with the ammeter, and the voltmeter monitors the supply voltage of the power module. The current in the normal sleep mode is below 1uA, the power consumption in the watchdog wake-up sleep mode is below 6uA, and the power consumption in the RTC/TCC sleep wake-up mode is below 25uA, which is normal. Write the normal sleep program, watchdog wake-up sleep program, and RTC/TCC wake-up sleep program to the MCU respectively to test the sleep current of the MCU; 在测试单片机的端口内置上拉时,电源模块经杜邦线给单片机供电,单片机端口经杜邦线连接到低电平触发按键组电路,电压表并联到单片机的GND端口和按键端口,向单片机内写入低电平触发按键配置程序,使IO端口一位设输入开上拉,其他均为输出,以此类推直到把芯片所有上拉IO口测试完成,按键没有按下时电压表显示为高电平,按键按下时电压表显示为低电平,通过上拉端口对地串联的电流表观察电流值:2V为15uA以下、3V为40uA以下、4V为75uA以下、5V为120uA以下、6V为170uA以下为正常;When testing the built-in pull-up of the port of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line, the single-chip microcomputer port is connected to the low-level trigger button group circuit through the DuPont line, the voltmeter is connected in parallel to the GND port and the button port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the low-level trigger button configuration program is written into the single-chip microcomputer to set the input of the IO port to open the pull-up, and the others are outputs, and so on until all the pull-up IO ports of the chip are tested. When the button is not pressed, the voltmeter displays a high level, and when the button is pressed, the voltmeter displays a low level. The current value is observed through the ammeter connected in series with the pull-up port to the ground: 2V is below 15uA, 3V is below 40uA, 4V is below 75uA, 5V is below 120uA, and 6V is below 170uA, which is normal; 在测试单片机的端口内置下拉时,电源模块经杜邦线给单片机供电,单片机端口经杜邦线连接到高电平触发按键组电路,电压表并联到单片机VCC端口和按键端口,向单片机内写入高电平触发按键配置程序,使IO端口一位设输入开下拉,其他均为输出;以此类推直到把芯片所有下拉IO口测试完成;按键没有按下时电压表显示为低电平,按键按下时电压表显示为高电平;下拉拉端口对VCC串联电流表观察电流值:2V为8uA以下、3V为20uA以下、4V为40uA以下、5V为60uA以下、6V为85uA以下为正常;When testing the built-in pull-down of the port of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line, the single-chip microcomputer port is connected to the high-level trigger button group circuit through the DuPont line, the voltmeter is connected in parallel to the single-chip microcomputer VCC port and the button port, and the high-level trigger button configuration program is written into the single-chip microcomputer to set the input of the IO port to open the pull-down, and the others are outputs; and so on until all the pull-down IO ports of the chip are tested; when the button is not pressed, the voltmeter displays a low level, and when the button is pressed, the voltmeter displays a high level; the pull-down port is connected to the VCC in series with an ammeter to observe the current value: 2V is below 8uA, 3V is below 20uA, 4V is below 40uA, 5V is below 60uA, and 6V is below 85uA, which is normal; 在测试内置E2PROM时,电源模块经杜邦线串联电流表给单片机供电,单片机端口经杜邦线连接到高电平触发按键组电路和共阳极发光二极管电路,其中单片机的一路IO口设为按键输入,3路IO口输出到led,当按键按下一次后,1路led灯亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,按键按下两次后,两路led亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,按键按下三次后,三路led亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,在二次按键按下状态,掉电重新上电检测是否在二次按下状态保持,在三次次按键按下状态,掉电重新上电检测是否在三次按下状态保持,观察测试时的电流表的值是否在100uA一2mA之间;When testing the built-in E2PROM, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line in series with the ammeter, and the single-chip microcomputer port is connected to the high-level trigger button group circuit and the common anode light-emitting diode circuit through the DuPont line, wherein one IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is set as the button input, and 3 IO ports are output to the LED. When the button is pressed once, 1 LED light is on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. After the button is pressed twice, two LEDs are on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. After the button is pressed three times, three LEDs are on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. In the state of the second button press, power off and then power on to detect whether it is maintained in the second press state. In the state of the third button press, power off and then power on to detect whether it is maintained in the third press state. Observe whether the value of the ammeter during the test is between 100uA and 2mA. 在测试单片机的lcd段输出资源时,电源模块经杜邦线串联电流表后给单片机供电,单片机的lcd端口经杜邦线依次连接到LCD1602液晶电路和LCD12864液晶电路,io端口用杜邦线连接到矩阵键盘电路,矩阵键盘为4*4矩阵键盘,分别对应0一9、+、-、*、/、.、=,向单片机内输入测试程序,初始化白屏,使LCD1602液晶屏和LCD12864液晶屏无显示,然后通过简易计算机键盘扫描程序扫描矩阵键盘,将按键按下所对应的随意组合运算显示到LCD液晶屏上,通过观察按键按下LCD液晶屏对应显示是否完整、亮度是否均匀以及电流表的显示值是否在正常区间之间来判断单片机的lcd段输出资源是否合格;When testing the LCD segment output resources of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer after connecting the ammeter in series via the Dupont line. The LCD port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the LCD1602 liquid crystal circuit and the LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit in turn via the Dupont line. The IO port is connected to the matrix keyboard circuit with the Dupont line. The matrix keyboard is a 4*4 matrix keyboard, corresponding to 0-9, +, -, *, /, ., = respectively. The test program is input into the single-chip microcomputer to initialize the white screen, so that the LCD1602 liquid crystal screen and the LCD12864 liquid crystal screen have no display. Then, the matrix keyboard is scanned by a simple computer keyboard scanning program, and the random combination operation corresponding to the key pressing is displayed on the LCD screen. By observing whether the LCD screen corresponding to the key pressing is complete, whether the brightness is uniform, and whether the display value of the ammeter is between the normal range, it is judged whether the LCD segment output resources of the single-chip microcomputer are qualified; 在测试单片机io口时序发送的方波脉冲信号时,电源模块经杜邦线并联电压表给单片机供电,单片机io端口经杜邦线连接到步进电机驱动模块和共阴极发光二极管电路,共阳极发光二极管电路包括绿led灯、黄led灯和红led灯,io端口用杜邦线连接到低电平触发按键,放置单片机,与按键连接的IO口设为输入,连接电机驱动模块和共阴极发光二极管电路的IO口设为输出,第一位按键按下正转,绿led灯亮,第二位按键按下停,黄led灯亮,第三位按键按下反转,红led灯亮,第四位按键按下转速减小一档,第五位按键按下转速加大一档,按键按下对应动作是否正常工作,观察电压表直起和加大转速的时候是否会波动,无波动为正常;When testing the square wave pulse signal sent by the IO port timing of the single-chip computer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip computer through the DuPont line in parallel with the voltmeter, the IO port of the single-chip computer is connected to the stepper motor drive module and the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit through the DuPont line, the common anode light-emitting diode circuit includes a green LED light, a yellow LED light and a red LED light, the IO port is connected to the low-level trigger button with a DuPont line, the single-chip computer is placed, the IO port connected to the button is set as input, and the IO port connected to the motor drive module and the common cathode light-emitting diode circuit is set as output. The first button is pressed to rotate forward, and the green LED light is on. The second button is pressed to stop and the yellow LED light is on. The third button is pressed to reverse and the red LED light is on. The fourth button is pressed to reduce the speed by one gear, and the fifth button is pressed to increase the speed by one gear. Whether the corresponding action of pressing the button works normally, observe whether the voltmeter fluctuates when it is straightened and the speed is increased. No fluctuation is normal; 在测试单片机的输出频率方波性能时,电源模块经杜邦线给单片机供电,单片机io口经杜邦线连接到蜂鸣器电路,放置单片机,在没有示波器时,通过蜂鸣器播放声音有无明显异常来判断单片机的输出频率方波性能是否合格;When testing the output frequency square wave performance of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line, and the IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the buzzer circuit through the DuPont line. The single-chip microcomputer is placed. When there is no oscilloscope, the output frequency square wave performance of the single-chip microcomputer is judged by whether there is obvious abnormality in the sound played by the buzzer to determine whether it is qualified; 在测试单片机的内置RC振荡器LDO基准抗干扰性能时,由电源模块经杜邦线给单片机供电,单片机io口经杜邦线连接到红外接收电路和138译码器电路,放置单片机,遥控器控制138译码器电路中的LED动作,遥控器按下后观察对应LED是否正常工作;When testing the anti-interference performance of the built-in RC oscillator LDO reference of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line, and the IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the infrared receiving circuit and the 138 decoder circuit through the DuPont line. The single-chip microcomputer is placed, and the remote control controls the LED action in the 138 decoder circuit. After the remote control is pressed, observe whether the corresponding LED works normally; 在测试单片机的iic通信协议时,电源模块经杜邦线串联电流表给单片机供电,单片机端口经杜邦线连接到E2PROM电路、高电平触发按键组电路和共阳极发光二极管电路,单片机的一位IO口设为按键输入,三位IO口设置为LED输出,按键按下一次时,1路led灯亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,按键按下二次后,两路led亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,按键按下三次后,三路led灯亮,单片机写数据到E2PROM,在按键按下两次状态时,掉电重新上电检测是否在二次按下状态保持,在按键按下三次状态时,掉电重新上电检测是否在三次按下状态保持;整个过程中通过观察电流表测试时的值是否在正常区间之间来判断单片机是否能正常进行iic通信;When testing the iic communication protocol of the single-chip microcomputer, the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the Dupont line in series with the ammeter, the single-chip microcomputer port is connected to the E2PROM circuit, the high-level trigger button group circuit and the common anode light-emitting diode circuit through the Dupont line, the one-bit IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is set as the button input, and the three-bit IO port is set as the LED output. When the button is pressed once, 1 LED light is on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. After the button is pressed twice, two LEDs are on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. After the button is pressed three times, three LED lights are on, and the single-chip microcomputer writes data to the E2PROM. When the button is pressed twice, the power is turned off and then on to detect whether it is maintained in the second-press state. When the button is pressed three times, the power is turned off and then on to detect whether it is maintained in the three-press state. During the whole process, it is judged whether the single-chip microcomputer can perform iic communication normally by observing whether the value of the ammeter test is between the normal range; 在测试单片机的串口资源时;电源模块经杜邦线并联电压表给单片机供电,单片机的串口经杜邦线连接到外置2.4G无线收发电路,单片机的io端口连接步进电机驱动电路和共阴极发光二极管电路,共阴极发光二极管电路包括绿led灯、黄led灯和红led灯,放置单片机,使用遥控器向单片机发送电机正转、停止、反转、加速和减速指令,当单片机接收到电机正转指令时绿led灯亮,当单片机接收到电机停转指令时黄led灯亮,当单片机接收到电机反转指令时红led灯亮;当遥控器按下后,通过观察共阴极发光二极管电路的发光情况和电压表的显示值在电机加大转速的时候是否有波动来判断单片机的串口资源是否合格;When testing the serial port resources of the single-chip microcomputer; the power module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer through the DuPont line in parallel with the voltmeter, the serial port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the external 2.4G wireless transceiver circuit through the DuPont line, the IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the stepper motor drive circuit and the common cathode light emitting diode circuit, the common cathode light emitting diode circuit includes a green LED light, a yellow LED light and a red LED light, the single-chip microcomputer is placed, and the remote control is used to send the motor forward, stop, reverse, accelerate and decelerate instructions to the single-chip microcomputer. When the single-chip microcomputer receives the motor forward instruction, the green LED light is on, when the single-chip microcomputer receives the motor stop instruction, the yellow LED light is on, and when the single-chip microcomputer receives the motor reverse instruction, the red LED light is on; when the remote control is pressed, the serial port resources of the single-chip microcomputer are judged to be qualified by observing the light emission of the common cathode light emitting diode circuit and whether the display value of the voltmeter fluctuates when the motor increases the speed; 在测试单片机的adc资源时,电源模块经杜邦线给单片机供电,单片机经杜邦线连接到LCD12864液晶电路,选择单片机的ad通道,选择内部基准2V、3V、4V和VDD,通道输入电压从5mV逐次增加到5000mV,每次增加5mv,将每一阶梯采集到的高八位和低四位十六进制值显示到LCD12864液晶屏上;每个ad采集通道都要选内部基准2V、3V、4V和VDD,每一阶梯采集4次,以此类推直到把所测试单片机的每ad采集通道都测试完成;如果采集值和输入值的误差范围在千分之一时,则单片机的adc资源合格。When testing the ADC resources of the microcontroller, the power module supplies power to the microcontroller through the DuPont line, the microcontroller is connected to the LCD12864 liquid crystal circuit through the DuPont line, the AD channel of the microcontroller is selected, the internal reference 2V, 3V, 4V and VDD are selected, the channel input voltage is increased from 5mV to 5000mV step by step, and each step increases by 5mv. The high eight-bit and low four-bit hexadecimal values collected in each step are displayed on the LCD12864 liquid crystal screen; each ad acquisition channel must select the internal reference 2V, 3V, 4V and VDD, and each step is collected 4 times, and so on until each ad acquisition channel of the tested microcontroller is tested; if the error range between the collected value and the input value is within one thousandth, the ADC resources of the microcontroller are qualified. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单片机测试方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中依次向单片机写入多个测试程序,来实现单片机的不同性能测试。2. A single chip microcomputer testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, multiple test programs are written into the single chip microcomputer in sequence to implement different performance tests of the single chip microcomputer.
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