CN113182070B - Novel dry type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel dry-type combined air-magnetic separator, comprising a sorting cavity, one side of the sorting cavity is provided with a magnetic roller assembly for adsorbing magnetic particles, and the interior of the sorting cavity is close to the magnetic roller assembly A deflector assembly for destroying magnetic agglomeration is provided at the position of the separator; one end of the sorting chamber is connected to the blower, and the other end of the sorting chamber is respectively connected to the magnetic particle collection system and the non-magnetic particle collection system; one side of the blower is provided with The feeding hopper is connected with the sorting cavity through the feeding port, and a magnetic particle collection system is set above the feeding hopper. In the invention, the air enters through the air inlet to drive the raw materials entering the separation chamber through the material inlet to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. , Under the action of magnetic force, the fine-grained minerals are effectively separated, which improves the magnetic separation efficiency.

Description

A new type of dry wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator

technical field

The invention relates to a magnetic separator, in particular to a novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator.

Background technique

Magnetic substances, especially ferromagnetic fine-grained minerals, have magnetic dipole forces after being magnetized, which causes magnetic particles to attract each other and agglomerate, and it is difficult to effectively distinguish magnetic particles from non-magnetic particles. The existing magnetic separation technology usually uses a dry magnetic separator or a wet magnetic separator for separation. The dry magnetic separator requires the material to be separated to be dry, and the particles can move freely and form an independent free state. In the face of the agglomeration of magnetic substances, it will affect the magnetic separation effect, and even cause the consequences of non-separation; the wet magnetic separator uses liquid as a diluent to improve the separation efficiency, so it cannot be used in a large area, especially in arid areas. In addition, the sorted particles also need to be dehydrated and dried, which makes it difficult for the wet magnetic separator to operate in cold and water-deficient areas.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of dry air-magnetic combined magnetic separator that can destroy magnetic agglomeration under dry conditions to solve the problem of fine-grained mineral separation.

Technical solution: A new type of dry wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator of the present invention includes a separation chamber, one side of the separation chamber is provided with a magnetic roller assembly for adsorbing magnetic particles, and the separation chamber is close to the magnetic The position of the roller assembly is provided with a deflector assembly for destroying magnetic agglomeration; one end of the sorting chamber is connected to the blower, and the other end of the sorting chamber is respectively connected to the magnetic particle collection system and the non-magnetic particle collection system; one end of the blower is connected. The feeding hopper is set on the side, the feeding hopper is connected with the sorting cavity through the feeding port, and the magnetic particle collecting system is set above the feeding hopper.

Further, the magnet roller assembly includes a motor and two sets of magnet rollers with the same shape, the two sets of magnet rollers are arranged in parallel on one side of the sorting cavity, and the motor drives the two sets of magnet rollers to rotate in the same direction and speed; The set of magnetic rollers includes symmetrically arranged magnetic segments and non-magnetic segments, and when the magnetic segments of one set of magnet rollers are close to the sorting cavity, the magnetic segments of the other set of magnet rolls are far away from the sorting cavity. Because the setting directions of the two sets of magnetic rollers are completely opposite, and each individual magnetic roller has half of the magnetic working area, and the working areas of the two magnetic rollers are opposite, so in the case of running in the same direction and the same speed, the two magnetic rollers can be guaranteed. At least one magnetic roller in the rollers is in the working area at the same time, so as to attract the magnetic particles.

Further, the gap between the magnetic roller and the side wall of the sorting cavity is 3-5 mm, preferably 3 mm, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic roller located on the upper side is greater than that of the magnetic roller located on the lower side. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic roller in the center of the sorting cavity reaches 0.8T-1.2T, wherein the magnetic field strength of the magnetic roller located on the upper side is greater than that of the magnetic roller located on the lower side, and the difference of the magnetic field can better capture the magnetic field Particles, improve the magnetic separation efficiency, preferably, the magnetic field strength of the upper magnetic roller at the intersection of the center of the separation chamber shell and the line connecting the magnetic roller center and the center of the separation chamber reaches 1.2T, and the magnetic roller at the lower The magnetic field intensity at the intersection of the center of the separation chamber shell and the center of the magnetic roller and the center of the separation chamber reaches 1.0T.

Further, the baffle assembly is composed of several equal-length baffles, the baffles are evenly distributed between the inner walls of the sorting cavity, and channels for dispersing particles are formed between adjacent baffles. On the one hand, the deflector plays a guiding role, and on the other hand, it is also to make the material continuously collide in the middle of the deflector, destroy the magnetic agglomeration, and also prolong the time that the material is exposed in the sorting chamber.

Further, the magnetic particle collection system includes a first cyclone separator and a magnetic particle collection hopper, the feed port of the first cyclone separator is connected to one end of the sorting cavity, and the discharge port of the first cyclone separator is directly On the feed end of the magnetic particle collection hopper. Wherein, the distance between the bottom of the magnetic particle collecting hopper and the upper end face of the feeding hopper is 40° to 50°, preferably 45°, and one side of the magnetic particle collecting hopper is provided with a baffle for returning the magnetic particles into the hopper. It can be set through the buckle and hinge structure to achieve the effect of detachment. After the baffle is removed, it is convenient for the continuous and multiple sorting of materials, which can ensure that the screened particles are returned to the sorting chamber for repeated screening, and the magnetic particles are improved. purity.

Further, the non-magnetic particle collection system includes a second cyclone separator and a non-magnetic particle collection hopper, the feeding port of the second cyclone separator is connected to one end of the sorting cavity, and the outlet of the second cyclone separator is The material port is facing the feeding end of the non-magnetic particle collection hopper.

Further, the bottom of the sorting cavity is provided with an upwardly protruding coarse material discharge port, the coarse material discharge port is arranged between the hopper and the deflector assembly, and a coarse material discharge port is provided below the coarse material discharge port. Material collection hopper. Ensure that the large particles that cannot be driven by the wind will be stored and placed after sliding.

Further, it also includes a bag filter for absorbing wind dust, the air inlet of the bag filter is respectively connected with the first cyclone separator of the magnetic particle collection system and the second cyclone separator of the non-magnetic particle collection system. The dust impurities treated by the cyclone can be collected.

Further, the particle size of the feeding material in the feeding hopper is 5-11 μm; the roughness of the tube wall in the sorting cavity is 3.2-5.0 μm. The size of the incoming material ensures the sorting effect, and the roughness can ensure that the capacity loss in the sorting process is minimized.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the raw materials enter the sorting chamber under the action of the wind force, and the coarse particles slide down into the coarse material collection hopper under the action of gravity; while the fine particles collide with the first deflector to destroy the agglomeration of the particles. Under the guidance of the wind, the particles enter the working area of the magnetic roller, where the magnetic particles are adsorbed on the pipe wall under the action of the magnetic force, and the non-magnetic particles continue to move upward under the action of the wind; when the first magnetic roller turns to the non-working area, The magnetic particles fall off the pipe wall and move upward under the action of the wind. At this time, the second magnetic roller just turns to the working area, and the magnetic particles enter the magnetic particle collection hopper under the action of the magnetic force, while the non-magnetic particles enter the non-magnetic particle under the influence of the magnetic force. Magnetic particle collection hopper.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) The present invention enters the air through the air inlet to drive the raw materials entering the sorting cavity through the feeding port to form a gas-solid two-phase flow, and passes through the magnetic roller. , The role of the deflector effectively destroys the magnetic agglomeration, so that the material is fully exposed to the action of wind, gravity and magnetic force, and the fine-grained minerals are effectively sorted, and the magnetic separation efficiency is improved; (2) The present invention is used in magnetic products. There is a detachable baffle plate at the collecting hopper, and the magnetic products can enter the separation chamber for many times in a row to optimize the separation effect and solve the problems of poor magnetic separation effect once and cumbersome magnetic separation steps for multiple times.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the force of the magnetic particle of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the magnetic roller of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the deflector of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic roller of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a new type of dry air-magnetic combined magnetic separator includes a sorting chamber 1. The sorting chamber 1 is arc-shaped, with a square pipe inside, the size is 80mm*125mm, and the wall roughness of the sorting chamber is required. Larger than 3.2μm; one end of the sorting chamber 1 is connected to the blower 4, the direction opposite to the blower 4 is the air inlet direction, the inlet wind speed is greater than 0.11m/s, the critical material-to-gas ratio is 0.45, and there is an inlet hopper 7 in front of the blower 4 , the feeding hopper 7 is communicated with the sorting cavity 1 through the feeding port 8. There is an upwardly convex gap in front of the feeding port 8, which is the coarse material discharge port 11. Below the coarse material discharge port 11 is the coarse material collecting hopper 12. Ensure that the large particles of materials that cannot be driven by the wind are placed after sliding. One side of the sorting chamber 1 is provided with a magnetic roller assembly 2 for adsorbing magnetic particles, a position close to the magnetic roller assembly 2 in the sorting chamber 1 is provided with a deflector assembly 3 for destroying magnetic agglomeration, and the other side of the sorting chamber 1 is provided. One end is connected to the magnetic particle collection system 5 and the non-magnetic particle collection system 6 respectively.

3 and 5 , the magnet roller assembly 2 includes a motor 21 and two sets of magnet rollers 22 with the same shape. The two sets of magnet rollers 22 are arranged on one side of the sorting chamber 1 in parallel up and down. The center of the roller is connected to the center of the shell of the arc-shaped sorting chamber 1, and is on the connection line with an angle of 30° up and down in the horizontal direction, and the distance from the outside of the sorting chamber 1 is 3mm. The two sets of magnetic rollers 22 are driven by the motor 11 is moved in the same direction and at the same speed by the belt pulley, and each group of magnetic rollers 22 includes symmetrically arranged magnetic segments 221 and non-magnetic segments 222, which together form a cylindrical structure, so that each magnetic roller has half of the magnetic working area. The magnetic segments of the magnetic rollers 22 are arranged in opposite directions. When the magnetic segments 221 of one group of the magnetic rollers 22 are close to the sorting chamber 1, the magnetic segments 221 of the other group of the magnetic rollers 22 are far away from the sorting chamber 1, so as to ensure that the two magnetic rollers are working. At least one magnetic roller is in the working area at the same time to ensure that the magnetic particles are affected by the magnetic field of at least one of the magnetic rollers, so as to fully capture the magnetic particles in the sorting chamber. Among them, the magnetic field strength of the upper magnet roller is slightly larger than that of the lower magnet roller, so as to better capture the tiny magnetic particles that may appear through collision. The magnetic field strength of the upper magnetic roller in the center of the separation cavity is 1.2T, and the magnetic field strength of the lower magnetic roller in the center of the separation cavity is 1.0T. The cooperation of the two magnetic rollers can better capture the small particles that appear after the magnetic agglomeration is destroyed. Magnetic particles.

Referring to FIG. 4 , there are two groups of deflector assemblies 3 , which are composed of several equal-length deflectors 31 . The two groups of deflector assemblies 3 are respectively arranged below the horizontal heights of the two magnetic rollers in the cavity. 31 are evenly distributed between the inner walls of the sorting chamber 1, and are arranged at equal intervals. The length of the guide plates 31 is the same as that of the tube wall of the sorting chamber, and a channel 32 for dispersing particles is formed between the adjacent guide plates 31. . The deflector assembly makes the material continuously collide in the middle of the deflector, destroys the magnetic agglomeration, and also prolongs the time that the material is exposed to the sorting cavity. The deflector also plays the role of guiding the direction of wind and the direction of non-magnetic particles. Referring to Figure 2, the schematic diagram of the force acting on the raw material particles in the sorting chamber, the non-magnetic particles can continue to enter the non-magnetic particle collection system 6 on the left under the action of wind and inertia, while the magnetic particles are deflected under the action of the magnetic force and enter the The magnetic particle collection system 5 on the right side, and due to the action of the magnetic force, the magnetic particles can also move along the inner wall close to the magnetic roller side as much as possible, reducing the possibility of entering the non-magnetic particle collection system 6 on the left side.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the magnetic particle collection system 5 includes a first cyclone separator 51 and a magnetic particle collection hopper 52 . The feeding port is facing the feeding end of the magnetic particle collecting hopper 52; the magnetic particle collecting hopper 52 is arranged directly above the feeding hopper 7, the bottom of the magnetic particle collecting hopper 52 is inclined at 45°, and a detachable baffle 521 is provided on one side. , the collected magnetic particles can slide into the feeding hopper 7 under the action of gravity for re-sorting after removing the baffle plate, so as to improve the sorting accuracy. The non-magnetic particle collection system 6 includes a second cyclone separator 61 and a non-magnetic particle collection hopper 62. The feed port of the second cyclone separator 61 is connected to one end of the sorting chamber 1, and the discharge of the second cyclone separator 61 The port faces the feed end of the non-magnetic particle collection hopper 62 . A bag filter 9 is connected to the air outlets of the first cyclone separator 51 and the second cyclone separator 61, and the bag filter 9 collects the generated dust.

The working mode of the dry air-magnetic combined magnetic separator of the present invention is as follows: when working, the fan 4 , the magnetic roller assembly 3 , the first cyclone separator 51 and the second cyclone separator 61 are first started. The material is placed in the feeding hopper 7, the material enters the sorting chamber 1 from the feeding port 8, and is driven by the wind to form a gas-solid two-phase flow and enter the arc-shaped sorting chamber 1. The raised coarse material discharge port 11 enters the coarse material collection hopper 12; the gas-solid two-phase flow collides in the deflector 31, effectively destroying the agglomeration of fine particles, and making them fully exposed to the selection of the magnetic roller below, At this time, the magnetic particles are attracted and adsorbed on the pipe wall by the magnetic force, while the non-magnetic particles are guided by the deflector 31, and then enter the non-magnetic particle collection system 6 vertically upward under the action of the wind, and the magnetic rollers below the magnetic particles are transferred to the non-magnetic particles. After the magnetic area falls off, it also goes up through the deflector and enters the secondary sorting area. Under the action of the magnetic force and the wind force of the upper magnetic roller, the magnetic particles are fully exposed, attracted by the magnetic force, separated from the wind force, and separated from the upward airflow. , adsorbed on the tube wall, and after the magnetic roller above is transferred to the non-magnetic area, the magnetic particles at this time are driven by the wind to enter the magnetic particle collection system 5; when the product purity needs to be improved, remove the baffle 521 to collect the magnetic products. Repeatedly return to the sorting chamber 1 to optimize the sorting effect.

Using steel slag with an average particle size D50 of 10.3 μm and nickel slag with an average particle size D50 of 5.31 μm, 12 sets of experiments were carried out under the condition that the inlet air force was 0.11 m/s and the material-to-gas ratio was 0.45, and the reasonableness was verified. Set the influence of the magnetic field strength of the two magnetic rollers on the sorting effect, see Table 1 for details.

Table 1

It can be seen from Table 1 that with the increase of the magnetic field strength, the magnetic separation efficiency of the magnetic separator has been effectively improved whether it is for steel slag or nickel slag. When the strength of the magnetic roller reaches 0.8-1.0T, the magnetic separation efficiency Efficiency peaks between 75%-80%.

Claims (9)

1. A novel dry air-magnetic combined magnetic separator, characterized in that it comprises a sorting cavity (1), and one side of the sorting cavity (1) is provided with a magnetic roller assembly (2) for adsorbing magnetic particles , the magnet roller assembly (2) includes a motor (21) and two sets of magnet rollers (22) with the same shape, the two sets of magnet rollers (22) are arranged in parallel on one side of the sorting cavity (1), the motor (21) ) to drive two groups of magnetic rollers (22) to rotate in the same direction and speed; each group of magnetic rollers (22) includes symmetrically arranged magnetic segments (221) and non-magnetic segments (222). When the magnetic section (221) is close to the sorting cavity (1), the magnetic section (221) of another group of magnetic rollers (22) is far away from the sorting cavity (1); the sorting cavity (1) is close to the magnetic roller assembly (1). The position of 2) is provided with a deflector assembly (3) for destroying the magnetic agglomeration; one end of the sorting chamber (1) is connected to the blower (4), and the other end of the sorting chamber (1) is respectively connected to the magnetic particle collection system (5) and a non-magnetic particle collection system (6); a feeding hopper (7) is provided on one side of the blower (4), and the feeding hopper (7) communicates with the sorting cavity (1) through the feeding port (8), A magnetic particle collection system (5) is arranged above the feeding hopper (7). 2. The novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gap between the magnetic roller (22) and the side wall of the separation chamber (1) is 3-5 mm, and the magnetic The magnetic field strength of the roller (22) in the center of the sorting cavity (1) reaches 0.8T-1.2T, wherein the magnetic field strength of the upper magnetic roller (22) is greater than that of the lower magnetic roller (22). 3. The novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deflector assembly (3) is composed of several equal-length deflectors (31), the deflector (31). ) are evenly distributed between the inner walls of the sorting chamber (1), and channels (32) for dispersing particles are formed between adjacent guide plates (31). 4. The novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic particle collection system (5) comprises a first cyclone (51) and a magnetic particle collection hopper (52), The feeding port of the first cyclone separator (51) is connected to one end of the sorting cavity (1), and the feeding port of the first cyclone separator (51) is facing the feeding end of the magnetic particle collecting hopper (52). . 5. The novel dry-type air-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the magnetic particle collecting hopper (52) is arranged just above the feeding hopper (7), and the magnetic particle collecting hopper (52) The bottom of the magnetic particle collecting hopper (52) is provided with a baffle plate (521) for returning the magnetic particles into the hopper on one side of the magnetic particle collecting hopper (52). 6. The novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the non-magnetic particle collection system (6) comprises a second cyclone (61) and a non-magnetic particle collection hopper (62) ), the feed port of the second cyclone separator (61) is connected to one end of the sorting cavity (1), and the discharge port of the second cyclone separator (61) is facing the non-magnetic particle collecting hopper (62). feed end. 7. The novel dry-type combined air-magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the separation cavity (1) is provided with a coarse material discharge port (11) that protrudes upward, and the coarse material discharge port (11) The material discharge port (11) is arranged between the feed hopper (7) and the deflector assembly (3), and a coarse material collection hopper (12) is arranged below the coarse material discharge port (11). 8. The novel dry-type wind-magnetic combined magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a bag-type dust collector (9) for absorbing wind and dust, and the air inlet of the bag-type dust collector (9) It is connected with the first cyclone separator (51) of the magnetic particle collection system (5) and the second cyclone separator (61) of the non-magnetic particle collection system (6), respectively. 9 . The novel dry-type combined wind-magnetic magnetic separator according to claim 1 , wherein: the particle size of the feeding material in the feeding hopper (7) is 5-11 μm; in the sorting cavity (1) The roughness of the tube wall is 3.2 to 5.0 μm.

Images