CN113180819A - Non-adhesive electrosurgical instrument electrode - Google Patents
Non-adhesive electrosurgical instrument electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113180819A CN113180819A CN202110607147.7A CN202110607147A CN113180819A CN 113180819 A CN113180819 A CN 113180819A CN 202110607147 A CN202110607147 A CN 202110607147A CN 113180819 A CN113180819 A CN 113180819A
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- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0005—Separation of the coating from the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5806—Thermal treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/01—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes on temporary substrates, e.g. substrates subsequently removed by etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00107—Coatings on the energy applicator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00107—Coatings on the energy applicator
- A61B2018/00125—Coatings on the energy applicator with nanostructure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1405—Electrodes having a specific shape
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Abstract
本发明提供一种无粘黏的电外科器械电极，属于医疗器材领域。该电极由现在医学常用的高频单极电刀、双极电刀等电外科器械的电极改进而成，采用材料生长工艺在传统电外科器械的金属电极表面末端刀头涂覆具有防粘黏、高导电、耐磨损性质的薄膜材料涂层。其中，薄膜材料涂层为石墨烯、碳纳米管、碳纤维、纤维‑金属纳米粒子复合材料、纤维‑合金纳米粒子复合材料中的一种。本发明能够在不影响电外科器械电极正常工作和切割效率的基础上，实现减少人体组织在电极表面粘黏的功能；与传统电外科器械电极相比，本发明在使用过程中不容易粘黏人体组织，损伤小，不用经常更换电外科器械或器械电极，提高手术安全性；结构简单，成本低，容易制造。
The invention provides a non-sticky electrosurgical instrument electrode, which belongs to the field of medical equipment. The electrode is improved from the electrodes of electrosurgical instruments such as high-frequency monopolar electrosurgical knives and bipolar electrosurgical knives commonly used in medicine. The material growth process is used to coat the ends of the metal electrode surfaces of traditional electrosurgical instruments with anti-sticking properties. , High conductivity, wear-resistant film material coating. Wherein, the film material coating is one of graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber, fiber-metal nanoparticle composite material, and fiber-alloy nanoparticle composite material. The present invention can realize the function of reducing the sticking of human tissue on the electrode surface without affecting the normal operation and cutting efficiency of the electrodes of electrosurgical instruments; compared with the electrodes of traditional electrosurgical instruments, the present invention is not easy to stick during use. The human tissue has little damage, does not need to replace electrosurgical instruments or instrument electrodes frequently, and improves the safety of surgery; the structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is easy to manufacture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an electrosurgical instrument electrode covered with an adhesive-free coating.
Background
The electrosurgical instrument is surgical equipment which heats tissues when high-frequency current generated by the tip of an electrode is contacted with the tissues of a human body, separates and coagulates the tissues of the human body, and achieves the purposes of cutting, hemostasis and the like, and comprises a high-frequency electrotome, a radio-frequency knife, an ion knife and the like. However, the electrosurgical instrument electrodes are hot during operation, and often have significant thermal damage to tissue, often causing eschar in the clinic. If eschar adheres to the electrode of the instrument, the continuous use of the instrument is affected, the hemostatic tissue is damaged when the instrument is pulled and torn, more bleeding is caused, the cutting and hemostatic efficiency is reduced, and frequent electrode replacement is required, so that the operation efficiency and safety are greatly affected.
In order to reduce tissue adhesion on the electrode, the prior art mainly has three designs, one is feedback adjustment, the impedance of the electrode is detected through a host, when the adhesion is too much and the impedance is increased to reach a threshold value, the energy output is actively stopped or reduced, and further the tissue adhesion caused by redundant thermal injury is reduced. The other method is to design some anti-adhesion texture shapes at the Electrode (see the bionic desorption research on the surface of a high-frequency electrotome of a minimally invasive surgical instrument, Cao Can Na, Jilin university, 2015) or to form the Electrode into a hollow shape (see the Covidien AG US patent 7458972B2 named as "electronic Electrode Having A Non-Conductive holes Ceramic Coating"). The principle behind these approaches is to reduce the electrode-tissue contact area, which affects the cutting and hemostasis efficiency to some extent, but increases the procedure time. And the third is to add an anti-sticking coating commonly used for a non-stick pan on the surface of the electrode, which comprises Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the like (see: a manufacturing method of the electrode of an electrosurgical instrument, Pengyu, Zhang, Shixiufeng, Nie Red, CN206852656U, 2017; research on time-varying property of cutting efficiency and anti-sticking performance of the anti-sticking electrode of the PTFE coating, Wanjianfei, Hehoufei, Longshijiang, Zhengliang, Zhengjing, Zhongzhongrong, and Mechanical engineering bulletin, 2018), but the PTFE coating is not conductive, the cutting and hemostasis effects are not ideal, and the PTFE coating can only play a limited anti-sticking role and still generates eschar.
In order to make up for the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a new idea: the invention relates to an adhesion-free electrode, which is coated with a tool bit coating material at the tail end of the electrode, wherein the tool bit coating material has an ultralow friction coefficient, high conductivity and wear resistance. (1) The graphene material has a layered crystal structure, weak van der waals force interaction is formed among layers, interlayer shear slip is easy to occur in the friction process, and very low friction resistance is shown. (2) The carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers easily slide or rotate between the cylindrical graphite layers, and thus have self-lubricating properties similar to those of graphite. (3) The nano particles on the fiber can play the role of an ultramicro bearing, and the friction coefficient is further reduced. In addition, the graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber and carbon nanofiber-metal (or alloy) nanoparticle composite material also has the advantages of high conductivity, wear resistance and the like, and is widely applied as a solid anti-adhesion material.
1) Coefficient of friction of graphene: 0.004, conductivity: 106-108S·m-1Wear rate 10-13mm3/N·mm
2) Coefficient of friction of carbon nanotube: 0.03, conductivity: 104-106S·m-1Wear rate 10-13mm3/N·mm
3) Carbon nanofiber friction systemNumber: 0.03, conductivity: 104-106S·m-1Wear rate 10-10mm3/N·mm
4) Coefficient of friction of carbon nanofiber-metal (or alloy) nanoparticle composite: 0.01, conductivity: 104-106S·m-1Wear rate 10-10mm3/N·mm
When a surgical operation is performed, one of graphene, carbon nano tubes, carbon nano fibers and a carbon nano fiber-metal (or alloy) nano particle composite material is used as the coating of the tool bit at the tail end of the electrode, so that the adhesion to tissues can be greatly reduced on the basis of not influencing the normal work of a high-frequency operation electrode, and the operation is safer and smoother.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the following defects of the anti-adhesion design technology in the electrode of the existing high-frequency electrosurgical instrument: 1) poor adhesion prevention effect of the coating, 2) insufficient conductivity, 3) easy damage of the coating, and 4) high cost. A novel non-adhesive electrosurgical instrument electrode is developed by covering a coating on a tool bit at the tail end of an existing electrosurgical instrument electrode by using graphene, a carbon nano tube, a carbon nano fiber, a nano fiber-metal (or alloy) nano particle composite material and the like which have high conductivity, ultralow friction coefficient and wear resistance. When the electrosurgical instrument (high-frequency operation electrode) is applied to surgical operation, the adhesion to tissues can be eliminated under the condition of ensuring the cutting efficiency and high stability, so that the operation is smoother, and the electrosurgical instrument has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing, low cost and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an electrode of an electric surgical instrument without adhesion is characterized in that a thin film material coating with the properties of adhesion resistance, high conductivity and abrasion resistance is coated on a tool bit at the tail end of the surface of a metal electrode of a traditional electric surgical instrument by adopting a material growth process, and the electrode coating without adhesion contacts human tissues. The thickness of the coating is 70-200 nanometers, the coating is wear-resistant and does not passivate the edge of the electrode, the working effect is ensured (the wear resistance is reduced when the thickness is too high), and the conductivity of the coating is not lower than that of metal materials such as stainless steel, tungsten, iron, copper, aluminum and the like. The electrode coating covers the surface of the tool bit of the whole metal electrode, the two sides of the tool bit are covered with the coating, and the surfaces of the side edges of the tool bit are also covered with the coating; the electrode coating material has strong acting force with the substrate, is wear-resistant, does not mechanically passivate sharp electrode edges, and does not influence the cutting effect.
The film material coating is one of graphene, carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers, fiber-metal nanoparticle composite materials and fiber-alloy nanoparticle composite materials. Wherein, the metal nanoparticles comprise gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles, aluminum nanoparticles and the like; the alloy nanoparticles comprise gold-silver alloy nanoparticles, copper alloy nanoparticles, aluminum alloy nanoparticles and the like.
The coating method comprises the processes of film wet transfer, spin coating, drop coating, deposition and the like.
The material growth process comprises methods such as a chemical vapor deposition method, a liquid phase stripping method, magnetron sputtering, self-assembly and the like.
Further, the specific steps of coating the cutter head at the tail end of the metal electrode are as follows:
firstly, the surface of the cutter head of the metal electrode which receives the coating is cleaned, organic and inorganic impurities on the surface are removed, and the interface combination of the coating and the surface of the metal electrode cutter head is improved.
Then, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanofiber-metal nanoparticle composites, and nanofiber-alloy nanoparticle composite coating materials are prepared by a growth process.
(1) Preparing graphene by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method or a liquid phase stripping method;
chemical vapor deposition method: and (3) taking the polycrystalline nickel as a growth substrate, taking methane as a carbon source, and obtaining the graphene film at the growth temperature of 1000 ℃. Liquid phase stripping method: adding graphite powder into N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), adding NaOH to improve the stripping efficiency of graphene, performing ultrasonic treatment, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain a multilayer graphene solution.
(2) Preparing the carbon nano tube by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method: the carbon nanotube is obtained by using silicon dioxide as a growth substrate, Fe/MgO as a catalyst and acetylene and benzene as carbon sources.
(3) The carbon nano fiber is formed by self-assembling carbon nano tubes;
(4) preparing metal nanoparticles and alloy nanoparticles by adopting a film high-temperature annealing method: growing the film by magnetron sputtering, and annealing at 400-1000 ℃ to obtain metal (or alloy) nanoparticles with the diameter of 50-200 nm.
Finally, the coating material is coated on the surface of the electrode after the cleaning treatment through one of the processes of thin film wet transfer and deposition, so that the non-adhesive electrode of the electrosurgical instrument is formed. The thickness of the coating is the sum of the thicknesses of the upper and lower surface covering coatings, with the thickness required at nanometer scale for radio frequency power to be conducted from the electrode tip to the tissue being cut or to stop bleeding without any obstruction, and without mechanically "dulling" the sharp electrode edges, thereby affecting the cutting effect.
Among the conventional electrosurgical instruments described are: the electrode comprises a knife handle shell, a metal electrode, a connecting wire and other structures, wherein the metal electrode is made of metal materials such as stainless steel and tungsten, the tail end of the metal electrode is a knife head, and a coating material is directly coated on the knife head at the tail end of the electrode. The electrode is arranged in a holding part (a handle shell) of the electrosurgical system, and is connected with a high-frequency generator through a cable to generate high-frequency current, and the current is conducted to the electrode coating through the electrode, and the coating is contacted with human tissues. After the current flows through the human body, it returns to the high frequency generator through the negative plate in contact with the human body.
The traditional electrosurgical instrument comprises a medical high-frequency monopolar electric knife, a bipolar electric knife, a radio frequency knife or other electrosurgical instruments.
The metal electrode body is a telescopic electrode, a plug-in electrode or a common electrode.
The inner layer base material of the metal electrode is stainless steel, tungsten and other metal materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) mainly solves the problem that the high-frequency current acts on human tissues to solidify and stick tissue proteins on the electrode of the electrosurgical instrument in the use process, thereby influencing the normal use of the electrosurgical instrument. The invention eliminates the adhesion of human tissues on the electrode, has simple structure and thin coating, and greatly reduces the cost.
2) The adopted conductive coating ensures the working efficiency of the electrosurgical instrument, prolongs the operation time of the electrosurgical instrument on the basis of not reducing the effects of cutting and coagulation, accelerates the operation process, has small relative damage in the operation and improves the operation safety.
3) The wear-resistant coating is adopted, so that the wear resistance of the non-stick coating is obviously improved, the non-stick effect is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
4) The system structure of common electrosurgical instruments does not need to be changed, a new technology capable of eliminating burnt tissues from being stuck on the surface of the electrode is provided, and only the anti-sticking coating material needs to be covered on the surface of the electrode, so that the system has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, strong real-time performance and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrode structure of a non-stick electrosurgical instrument according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode without adhesive;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a chemical vapor deposition method for growing a graphene material;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the transfer of a graphene coating to both sides of an electrode tip by wet transfer;
in the figure: 1 an electrode tool bit of an electrosurgical instrument covered with a coating, 2 a metal electrode and 3 a tool handle shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the content of the technical scheme of the invention clearer, the following further description is made in combination with the technical scheme and the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an electrode for an electrosurgical instrument covered with an adhesive-free coating is shown, which uses radio frequency signals to electrocautery or cut tissue while stopping bleeding. The metal electrode 2 is made of stainless steel material, one end of the metal electrode is provided with a handle shell 3, the handle shell is made of insulating material and is a handheld operation part, and a manual electrotomy button and a manual electrocoagulation button are arranged on the handle shell. The end of the metal electrode is provided with a cutter head 1, and the upper layer surface and the lower layer surface of the cutter head 1 are covered with non-adhesive coatings.
The surface of the electrode insert 1 receiving the coating is first pre-treated to improve the interfacial bonding of the coating to the metal insert surface, which can significantly improve the adhesion of the coating to the metal surface. The method mainly comprises the steps of cleaning the surface of the electrode tool bit and removing organic and inorganic impurities on the surface. Sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the electrode tool bit by using an acetone solution, an isopropanol solution and deionized water, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power, the temperature and the time of the three solutions are the same, and the ultrasonic treatment power, the temperature and the time are respectively as follows: 80W, room temperature, 15 minutes.
Then preparing coating materials such as graphene, carbon nano tubes, carbon nano fibers, nano fiber-metal (or alloy) nano particle composite materials and the like.
(1) The preparation method of the graphene adopts a chemical vapor deposition method, polycrystalline nickel with the thickness of 300nm is used as a growth substrate, a carbon source is methane, the growth temperature is 1000 ℃, and 100 graphene films with the thickness of 35nm are obtained. Another preparation method of the graphene adopts a liquid phase stripping technology, the surface energy of an organic solvent N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) is matched with graphene, inorganic salt NaOH is added to improve the stripping efficiency of the graphene, graphite powder is subjected to mild ultrasonic treatment in NMP and NaOH for 30min at the power of 40W, then the graphite powder is centrifuged for 90min at the speed of 500r/min, and a supernatant is taken to obtain a multilayer graphene solution with the concentration of 5 mg/mL.
(2) The carbon nanotube is prepared by chemical vapor deposition, wherein silica with a thickness of 300nm is used as a growth substrate, Fe/MgO is used as a catalyst, acetylene and benzene are used as carbon sources, the growth temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 1atm, and the growth time is 20-30 min.
(3) The carbon nano fiber is formed by self-assembling carbon nano tubes, the diameter of the fiber is about 50nm, the length of the fiber is 1-15 microns, and the density of the fiber is 2.1g/cm3。
(4) The metal (or alloy) nano-particles are prepared by a film high-temperature annealing method, firstly a film with the thickness of 10-100nm is grown by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, and then the metal (or alloy) nano-particles with the diameter of 50-200nm are obtained by high-temperature annealing at 400-1000 ℃.
And finally, coating the coating material on the surface of the cleaned electrode through one of the processes of thin film wet transfer and deposition to form the non-adhesive electrode of the electrosurgical instrument.
The thickness of the coating is the sum of the thicknesses of the upper and lower surface covering coatings, with the thickness required at nanometer scale for radio frequency power to be conducted from the electrode tip to the tissue being cut or to stop bleeding without any obstruction, and without mechanically "dulling" the sharp electrode edges, thereby affecting the cutting effect.
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
an adhesion-free high-frequency electrotome electrode based on graphene materials is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a high-conductivity and adhesion-resistant graphene coating covers the whole outer surface of a stainless steel electrode terminal cutter head, and the preparation method of the coating comprises the following steps:
1) a large area of 100 layer thickness of graphene is grown by using a chemical vapor deposition material growth process, as shown in fig. 3. The selected substrate material is a nickel foil with the thickness of 300 nanometers, the nickel foil is sequentially placed in acetone, isopropanol, ethanol and deionized water for ultrasonic treatment, is placed in dilute nitric acid for corrosion for 15min, and is washed and dried by nitrogen; the nickel foil was immediately placed into the CVD chamber and the chamber was evacuated to 500 mTorr.
2) The growth temperature is 1000 ℃, the raw material is a mixture of methane and hydrogen, the gas flow is 35sccm and 2sccm respectively, and large-area (10 cm multiplied by 10 cm) graphene with a clean surface and a thickness of 100 layers is obtained through growth.
3) Cut into the width with the scissors and than the slightly wide rectangle structure of electrode tool bit, specific dimension is: the length is 1.5 cm, the width is 0.25 cm (the length of the electrode tool bit is 1.5 cm, and the width is 0.2 cm).
4) By using a film wet transfer technology, firstly transferring a piece of cut graphene to the upper surface of an electrode tool bit, ventilating for two hours in a fume hood, repeating the process after the graphene is tightly attached to the electrode tool bit, and transferring the graphene to the lower surface of the electrode tool bit again to finally obtain the structure of the integrally covered stainless steel electrode tool bit with the double-layer graphene coating, wherein the schematic diagram of the transfer process is shown in fig. 4.
5) The graphene coating is used for contacting human tissues, the electric knife pen is connected with a high-frequency generator of an electric surgical system through a cable, the high-frequency generator generates high-frequency current, the high-frequency current is conducted to the graphene coating through a conductive metal electrode, and the high-frequency current is conducted to the human tissues contacted with the graphene coating because the graphene coating is conductive. After the current flows through the human body, the current returns to the high-frequency generator through the negative electrode, and the cutting or hemostasis function is completed.
6) The thickness of the graphene coating is only 70 nm (the thickness of the graphene on the upper surface is 35nm, and the sum of the upper surface and the lower surface is 70 nm), so that the sharp electrode edge cannot be mechanically passivated, and the cutting accuracy cannot be influenced. The high conductivity of the graphene coating does not influence the working efficiency of the electric knife pen, and the graphene can resist the high temperature (not higher than 250 ℃) of the electric knife pen in the working process and can keep the stability at 500 ℃ in the air. In addition, the graphene coating has low surface roughness and friction coefficient, and can be used as a non-stick coating to reduce adhesion of burnt tissues, so that the probability of unintentionally damaging the tissues is reduced, the operation duration of the electric knife pen in the operation is prolonged, the operation process is accelerated, and the operation safety is improved.
Example 2:
the utility model provides a high conductivity, antiseized glutinous carbon nanotube coating covers the surface of whole stainless steel electrode end tool bit, and the preparation method of coating is:
1) the preparation method of chemical vapor deposition is utilized, silicon dioxide with the thickness of 300nm is used as a growth substrate, Fe/MgO is used as a catalyst, carbon sources are acetylene and benzene, the growth temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 1atm, and the growth time is 20-30 min.
2) Growing to obtain the carbon nano tube film with large area (5 cm multiplied by 5 cm) and clean surface and 50nm thickness.
3) The carbon nanotube film is cut into a rectangular structure with a width slightly wider than that of the electrode tool bit by scissors, and the specific dimensions are as follows: the length is 1.5 cm, the width is 0.25 cm (the length of the electrode tool bit is 1.5 cm, and the width is 0.2 cm).
4) Transferring a cut carbon nanotube film to the upper surface of the electrode tool bit by a film wet transfer technology, ventilating for two hours in a fume hood, repeating the process after the carbon nanotube film is tightly attached to the electrode tool bit, and transferring the carbon nanotube film again on the lower surface of the electrode tool bit to finally obtain the structure of the integrally covered stainless steel electrode tool bit with the double-layer carbon nanotube film.
5) The thickness of the carbon nanotube film coating is 100nm (the sum of the thicknesses of the upper and lower surface coatings is 100 nm).
Example 3:
the utility model provides a high conductivity, antiseized glutinous carbon nanofiber coating covers the surface of whole stainless steel electrode end tool bit, and the preparation method of coating is:
1) the carbon nano fiber is prepared by taking carbon nano tubes and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials, and carrying out self-assembly on the raw materials by a soaking wetting method, wherein the diameter of the fiber is about 50nm, the length of the fiber is 1-15 microns, and the density of the fiber is 2.1g/cm3And the thickness is 100 nanometers.
2) Cutting the carbon nanofiber into a rectangular structure with the width slightly wider than that of the electrode tool bit, wherein the specific size is as follows: the length is 1.5 cm, the width is 0.25 cm (the length of the electrode tool bit is 1.5 cm, and the width is 0.2 cm).
3) The carbon nanofibers are transferred to the upper surface of the electrode tool bit by a thin film wet transfer technology, the ventilation is carried out in a fume hood for two hours, after the carbon nanofibers are tightly attached to the electrode tool bit, the process is repeated, the carbon nanofibers are transferred again to the lower surface of the electrode tool bit, and finally the integrally-covered stainless steel electrode tool bit structure with double layers of carbon nanofibers is obtained.
5) The thickness of the carbon nanofiber coating was 200nm (total of the upper and lower surface coating thicknesses was 200 nm).
Example 4:
a kind of high frequency electrotome electrode without sticking based on nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite, high conductivity, sticking prevention nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite coating covers the whole stainless steel electrode terminal external surface of the tool bit, the preparation method of the coating is:
1) gold nanoparticles are prepared by a gold film high-temperature annealing method, firstly, a magnetron sputtering method is adopted to deposit a gold film with the thickness of 100 nanometers on the surface of a copper substrate, and the vacuum degree is kept at 10-5Pa, and then annealing for 3 hours at the high temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain the gold nano particles with the average diameter of 100 nanometers.
2) And etching the substrate by using a copper etching agent, and floating the gold nanoparticles in an aqueous solution to form a gold nanoparticle floating liquid.
3) Adding the gold nanoparticle floating liquid into carbon nanofibers from the carbon nanotubes and polyvinyl alcohol, and obtaining a nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite material film with the thickness of 200 nanometers through a self-assembly method.
4) The nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite material is transferred to the upper surface of the electrode tool bit by a thin film wet transfer technology, the ventilation is carried out in a fume hood for two hours, after the electrode tool bit is tightly attached, the process is repeated, the nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite material is transferred to the lower surface of the electrode tool bit again, and finally the stainless steel electrode tool bit structure with the double-layer coating and the whole coverage is obtained.
5) The thickness of the nanofiber-gold nanoparticle composite coating is 400 nanometers (the sum of the thicknesses of the upper surface coating and the lower surface coating is 400 nanometers in total).
The invention mainly solves the problem that the normal use of the high-frequency operation electrode is influenced because the current acts on human tissues to solidify and adhere tissue proteins on the electrode in the use process of the high-frequency operation electrode. The invention does not need the host machine to have the advanced feedback regulation function, and the ordinary high-frequency electrotome host machine can also be used, thereby greatly reducing the cost. In addition, the invention ensures that the working area and the working energy of the electrotome pen are not reduced, and the cutting or hemostasis effect of the electrotome is not influenced.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
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