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CN113180809B - 脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉 - Google Patents

脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉 Download PDF

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CN113180809B
CN113180809B CN202110591010.7A CN202110591010A CN113180809B CN 113180809 B CN113180809 B CN 113180809B CN 202110591010 A CN202110591010 A CN 202110591010A CN 113180809 B CN113180809 B CN 113180809B
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sleeve
scoliosis
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CN113180809A (zh
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仉建国
王升儒
边焱焱
邬春晖
高亚军
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Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Shandong Weigao Orthopedic Materials Co Ltd
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Shandong Weigao Orthopedic Materials Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7064Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7046Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae the screws or hooks being mobile in use relative to the longitudinal element
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7074Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564Methods for bone or joint treatment

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及脊柱医疗技术领域,尤其是一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉。该种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,与钉棒连接,包括螺钉、与螺钉上端连接的钉座、设置于钉座内腔的压环、穿过压环内腔的套筒和与钉座内腔顶部螺纹连接的顶丝,套筒内壁光滑,钉棒从套筒内腔穿过,钉棒的外壁与套筒内壁接触,顶丝的下端面抵触在套筒的上端。本发明的脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,能够随着人体脊柱的增长进行滑动,无需多次手术人工调节即可调整椎弓根螺钉之间的间距,矫正作用好、在临床中更具有实用价值。

Description

脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉
技术领域
本发明涉及脊柱医疗技术领域,尤其是一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉。
背景技术
脊柱侧凸俗称脊柱侧弯,它是一种脊柱的三维畸形,包括冠状位、矢状位和轴位上的序列异常。较重的脊柱侧凸则会影响婴幼儿及青少年的生长发育,使身体变形,严重者可以影响心肺功能、甚至累及脊髓,造成瘫痪。脊柱侧弯矫形装置中需要用到钉棒和椎弓根螺钉,对脊柱形成撑开和牵拉矫正作用,使脊柱获得矫正。此类脊柱侧弯矫形装置在使用时,随着儿童和青少年骨骼的增长,需要对椎弓根螺钉的位置进行定期调整,因此需要进行多次手术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,克服前述现有技术的不足,能够随着人体脊柱的增长进行滑动,无需多次手术人工调节即可调整椎弓根螺钉之间的间距,矫正作用好、在临床中更具有实用价值。
本发明解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是:
一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,与钉棒连接,包括螺钉、与螺钉上端连接的钉座、设置于钉座内腔的压环、穿过压环内腔的套筒和与钉座内腔顶部螺纹连接的顶丝,所述套筒内壁光滑,钉棒从套筒内腔穿过,钉棒的外壁与套筒内壁接触,顶丝安装完成时顶丝的下端面抵触在套筒的上端,在安装过程中,钉棒上安装有普通的椎弓根螺钉和脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,随着脊柱的生长,普通的椎弓根螺钉位置保持不动,而脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉沿钉棒进行滑动调节。
进一步的,所述套筒的外径由两端向中部渐缩,套筒的壁厚由两端向中部渐缩,这种结构设置方式占用的钉座内腔体积小,能够最大限度地缩小钉座的体积;此外套筒两端为主要的摩擦端,两端厚度大能够有效防止套筒受到摩擦损坏。
进一步的,所述套筒的两端均设置有卡沿,套筒位于钉座内腔,套筒的卡沿卡在钉座内腔的外部,卡沿与套筒自身形状设置相配合,起到防止套筒从钉座内腔脱出的作用。
进一步的,所述套筒为超高分子量聚乙烯材质的套筒,超高分子量聚乙烯材质耐冲击、耐磨损、自润滑性能好。
进一步的,所述压环与钉座内腔卡接,安装和限位方便。
进一步的,所述压环呈“U”型结构,压环内壁的形状与套筒中段的形状相配合,压环的形状设计有利于进一步防止套筒从钉座内腔脱出。
进一步的,所述钉座上设置有限位销轴,所述压环的外壁上设置有纵向的长条孔,限位销轴的内端插入压环的长条孔中,限位销轴用于限制压环转动,有效防止压环活动早晨的套筒被挤压变形,避免出现套筒难以穿过钉棒的问题。
进一步的,所述顶丝的下端设置有内倒角,防止套筒张开,对套筒形成良好的限位作用。
进一步的,所述螺钉为球头钉,所述钉座的下端设置有螺钉安装孔,所述压环的下端开设有螺钉限位孔,螺钉的钉杆从螺钉安装孔穿出,螺钉的球头卡在螺钉限位孔中。
进一步的,所述钉棒的外壁由光滑段和磨砂段组成,脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒的光滑段上,普通的椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒磨砂段上,随着脊柱的生长普通椎弓根螺钉在磨砂段上不易产生位移,而滑动式椎弓根螺钉能够在光滑段上进行位移,调整椎弓根螺钉之间的间距。
本发明的有益效果是:与现有技术相比,本发明的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉具有以下优点:(1)脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒的光滑段上,普通的椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒磨砂段上,随着脊柱的生长普通椎弓根螺钉在磨砂段上不易产生位移,而滑动式椎弓根螺钉能够在光滑段上进行位移,调整椎弓根螺钉之间的间距,因此无需进行多次手术人工调节椎弓根螺钉的位置;(2)滑动式椎弓根螺钉结构设计合理,能够最大限度地缩小钉座的体积,且套筒不会从钉座内腔脱出,不易损坏,安装使用方便,在临床中更具有实用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明总体结构示意图;
图2为本发明总体结构爆炸示意图;
图3为本发明的钉座和压环的结构示意图;
图4为本发明的钉座和压环的另一角度结构示意图;
图5为本发明的套筒结构剖视示意图;
图6为本发明的顶丝结构放大示意图;
其中,1钉棒、2螺钉、3钉座、4压环、5套筒、6顶丝、7卡沿、8限位销轴、9长条孔、10螺钉安装孔、11螺钉限位孔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
如图1-6所示实施例中,一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,与钉棒1连接,包括螺钉2、与螺钉2上端连接的钉座3、设置于钉座3内腔的压环4、穿过压环4内腔的套筒5和与钉座3内腔顶部螺纹连接的顶丝6,所述套筒5内壁光滑,钉棒1从套筒5内腔穿过,钉棒1的外壁与套筒5内壁接触,顶丝6安装完成时顶丝6的下端面抵触在套筒5的上端,在安装过程中,钉棒1上安装有普通的椎弓根螺钉和脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,随着脊柱的生长,普通的椎弓根螺钉位置保持不动,而脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉沿钉棒1进行滑动调节。
本实施例中,所述套筒5的外径由两端向中部渐缩,套筒5的壁厚由两端向中部渐缩,这种结构设置方式占用的钉座3内腔体积小,能够最大限度地缩小钉座3的体积;此外套筒5两端为主要的摩擦端,两端厚度大能够有效防止套筒5受到摩擦损坏。
本实施例中,所述套筒5的两端均设置有卡沿7,套筒5位于钉座3内腔,套筒5的卡沿7卡在钉座3内腔的外部,卡沿7与套筒5自身形状设置相配合,起到防止套筒5从钉座3内腔脱出的作用。
本实施例中,所述套筒5为超高分子量聚乙烯材质的套筒5,超高分子量聚乙烯材质耐冲击、耐磨损、自润滑性能好。
本实施例中,所述压环4与钉座3内腔卡接,安装和限位方便。
本实施例中,所述压环4呈“U”型结构,压环4内壁的形状与套筒5中段的形状相配合,压环4的形状设计有利于进一步防止套筒5从钉座3内腔脱出。
本实施例中,所述钉座3上设置有限位销轴8,所述压环4的外壁上设置有纵向的长条孔9,限位销轴8的内端插入压环4的长条孔9中,限位销轴8用于限制压环4转动,有效防止压环4活动早晨的套筒5被挤压变形,避免出现套筒5难以穿过钉棒1的问题。
本实施例中,所述顶丝6的下端设置有内倒角,防止套筒5张开,对套筒5形成良好的限位作用。
本实施例中,所述螺钉2为球头钉,所述钉座3的下端设置有螺钉安装孔10,所述压环4的下端开设有螺钉限位孔11,螺钉2的钉杆从螺钉安装孔10穿出,螺钉2的球头卡在螺钉限位孔11中。
本实施例中,所述钉棒1的外壁由光滑段和磨砂段组成,脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒1的光滑段上,普通的椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒1磨砂段上,随着脊柱的生长普通椎弓根螺钉在磨砂段上不易产生位移,而滑动式椎弓根螺钉能够在光滑段上进行位移,调整椎弓根螺钉之间的间距。
上述具体实施方式仅是本发明的具体个案,本发明的专利保护范围包括但不限于上述具体实施方式的产品形态和式样,任何符合本发明权利要求书且任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员对其所做的适当变化或修饰,皆应落入本发明的专利保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,与钉棒连接,其特征在于:包括螺钉、与螺钉上端连接的钉座、设置于钉座内腔的压环、穿过压环内腔的套筒和与钉座内腔顶部螺纹连接的顶丝,所述套筒内壁光滑,钉棒从套筒内腔穿过,钉棒的外壁与套筒内壁接触,顶丝的下端面抵触在套筒的上端;所述套筒的外径由两端向中部渐缩,套筒的壁厚由两端向中部渐缩;所述钉座上设置有限位销轴,所述压环的外壁上设置有纵向的长条孔,限位销轴的内端插入压环的长条孔中;所述钉棒的外壁由光滑段和磨砂段组成,脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒的光滑段上,普通的椎弓根螺钉安装在钉棒的磨砂段上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述套筒的两端均设置有卡沿,套筒位于钉座内腔,套筒的卡沿卡在钉座内腔的外部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述套筒为超高分子量聚乙烯材质的套筒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述压环与钉座内腔卡接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述压环呈“U”型结构,压环内壁的形状与套筒中段的形状相配合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述顶丝的下端设置有内倒角。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:所述螺钉为球头钉,所述钉座的下端设置有螺钉安装孔,所述压环的下端开设有螺钉限位孔,螺钉的钉杆从螺钉安装孔穿出,螺钉的球头卡在螺钉限位孔中。
CN202110591010.7A 2021-05-28 2021-05-28 脊柱侧弯用滑动式椎弓根螺钉 Active CN113180809B (zh)

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