CN113180658B - A large animal percutaneous femoral artery cannulation blood collection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of blood collection devices, and in particular relates to a large animal percutaneous femoral artery catheterization blood collection device, comprising a puncture needle, an indwelling needle, a blood collection needle and a hollow casing. There is a handle; there is a gap between the piston and the upper end of the hollow shell, and the gap forms a blood storage pool; the indwelling needle is fixed on the upper end of the hollow shell and communicates with the blood storage pool. The pressure fluid bag can block the indwelling needle and the blood storage pool; the blood collection needle is located inside the hollow shell and is slidably connected with the piston, and the piston is provided with a corresponding through hole; the blood collection needle is a hollow structure, and both ends are provided with openings , its upper end is close to the liquid sac and is provided with an anti-overflow plug at the opening of its upper end, and the upper end of the blood collection needle is provided with a blood collection hole; ; Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, single-person puncture, tube sealing and blood collection can be easily realized.

Description

A large animal percutaneous femoral artery cannulation blood collection device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of blood collection devices, and in particular relates to a large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery catheterization blood collection device.

Background technique

Large animals (monkeys, pigs, dogs, sheep, etc.) are widely used in experiments in medical-related fields. In the pharmacokinetic study of new radioactive drugs, continuous arterial blood collection is required, and the blood collection interval is short (about 5.0s). At present, the femoral artery puncture sheath is commonly used for arterial blood collection in large animals. After the puncture needle punctures the femoral artery, the guide wire is inserted, and the arterial sheath is placed under the guidance of the guide wire. The blood is collected after withdrawing the guide wire and fixing the sheath. Workbench contamination. Furthermore, the large animal femoral artery is thinner than the human radial artery, and the conventional medical sheath puncture needle is thicker, which is not suitable for large animal femoral artery puncture.

At present, venous indwelling needle is often used to monitor the blood pressure of human radial artery indwelling in clinical practice, but the femoral artery in large animals is deep, and after pressing the animal skin puncture and indwelling, the skin rebounds greatly. After indwelling, the needle is easy to fall off, and it is easy to be discounted and blocked, which leads to the failure of blood collection. Furthermore, conventional medical intravenous indwelling needles are difficult to penetrate due to the thick skin of large animals.

At present, in the pharmacokinetic study of radiopharmaceuticals, radiopharmaceuticals will decay with time, and the radioactivity of arterial blood needs to be detected at dense time points. Therefore, a small amount (about 0.5 ml) of arterial blood needs to be collected multiple times (with a time interval of about 5.0s). The blood collection interval is short, which makes it impossible to seal the tube with heparin and withdraw the diluted blood; the blood collection volume is small, and it is necessary to ensure that the indwelling needle and blood collection device cannot retain blood, otherwise it will cause the mixing of the two blood collections before and after, resulting in poor blood collection accuracy. .

At present, the restraining method is mostly used in the restraint of large animals, but the limbs of the animals can still move and need to be artificially re-fixed. When the conventional intravenous indwelling needle is indwelling blood collection, three people are required to cooperate. The first person immobilizes the animal, and the second person holds a syringe to inject heparin saline to seal Tube and complete the operation of diluting blood, and the third person collects blood, which not only has high labor cost for blood collection, but also troublesome operation.

Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the existing arterial puncture catheter and venous indwelling blood collection device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery cannulation blood collection device, the blood collection device has a reasonable structure, and can easily realize single-person puncture, tube sealing and blood collection.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery cannulation blood collection device, comprising a puncture needle, an indwelling needle, a blood collection needle and a hollow shell, the hollow shell is slidably connected with a piston, the piston is connected with a handle, and the handle is used to drive the piston to move ; There is a gap between the piston and the upper end of the hollow shell, and the gap forms a blood storage pool; the indwelling needle is fixed on the upper end of the hollow shell and communicated with the blood storage pool, and a liquid sac is arranged in the blood storage tank, and the front end of the liquid sac is In order for the tubular structure to extend into the indwelling needle and there is a gap, the indwelling needle and the blood storage pool can be blocked by squeezing the liquid sac by the piston; a through hole; the lancet is a hollow structure with openings at both ends, the upper end of the lancet is close to the liquid sac and an anti-overflow plug is arranged at the opening of the upper end, and the upper end of the lancet is provided with a blood collection hole; the hollow The lower end of the casing is provided with an opening through which the puncture needle passes through the blood collection needle, the anti-overflow stopper and the liquid sac in sequence and protrudes from the indwelling needle, and the lower end of the puncture needle is fixed with a needle seat.

The hollow shell is provided with a blood return observation hole which is communicated with the blood storage tank, and an observation film and a hole plug are arranged in the blood return observation hole.

The hollow shell is made of transparent material.

One side of the hollow shell is provided with a slot opening, and the handle extends to the outside through the slot opening and can move along the slot opening.

It also includes a fixing pin, the fixing pin is connected with the piston through the hollow casing, the piston is provided with a corresponding pin hole, the hollow casing is provided with a corresponding hole, and the piston is fixed by the fixing pin.

A breathable membrane is fixed in the pin hole, and the pin hole is communicated with the through hole.

A spring fixing plate is arranged in the hollow shell, and a spring is arranged between the piston and the spring fixing plate.

The hollow shell is provided with a spring fixing plate, a first baffle and a second baffle are fixed on the blood collection needle, and the spring fixing plate is located between the first baffle and the second baffle, and is located between the first baffle and the second baffle. A connecting spring is arranged between the spring fixing plate or the first baffle plate and the spring fixing plate and between the second baffle plate and the spring fixing plate.

The lower end of the blood collection needle is wrapped with antibacterial sponge.

The hollow shell is provided with a heparin coating or a heparin sustained-release core, and the heparin sustained-release core is located at the blood storage tank, and blood can infiltrate the heparin coating or heparin sustained-release core when the blood enters the blood storage tank.

The puncture needle is provided with a blood return groove.

A blood collection handle is fixed outside the hollow shell.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

After the puncture is successful, when preparing to collect blood, the indwelling needle and the blood storage pool are sealed by moving the piston to squeeze the liquid sac to seal the tube; when collecting blood, insert the blood collection tube at the lower end of the blood collection needle, and pull the piston backward through the handle to store blood. The pool space is increased, the sac is retracted, and the blood enters the blood collection needle from the blood collection hole of the blood collection needle through the blood storage pool and finally flows into the blood collection tube. Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, single-person puncture, tube sealing and blood collection can be conveniently realized.

The pressure of the sac seat is changed by the movement of the piston, the pressure increases, the sac expands to seal the indwelling needle and the blood reservoir, and the pressure decreases, the sac retracts to open the blood collection channel, which overcomes the trouble of injecting heparin saline into the tube with an external connecting tube. After the indwelling is successful, blood collection can be completed with one hand, and the animal limb can be fixed with the other hand, which reduces the labor cost and prevents the needle from falling off due to the animal moving.

A blood return observation hole is set, which can observe the blood return and discharge the compressed air in the blood storage tank after puncture. After the puncture needle is pulled out, the hole plug is closed to restore the airtightness of the fluid bag seat.

Equipped with a heparin sustained-release core or an internal heparin coating, which can continuously release a small amount of heparin after blood infiltration to prevent coagulation in the indwelling needle and the blood reservoir.

The design of the pin hole and the breathable membrane during blood collection ensures that there is no blood retention in the blood collection needle, which not only ensures the accuracy of the next blood collection but also prevents coagulation in the blood collection needle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the half-section structure schematic diagram of one direction of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the half-section structure schematic diagram of another direction of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the use state schematic diagram one of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the use state schematic diagram two of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of sac of the present invention;

Among them: 1 is the puncture needle, 100 is the blood return tank, 2 is the indwelling needle, 3 is the blood collection needle, 30 is the anti-overflow plug, 31 is the blood collection hole, 4 is the hollow shell, 40 is the blood storage tank, and 41 is the blood return observation Hole, 42 is the observation membrane, 43 is the hole plug, 44 is the chute opening, 5 is the piston, 50 is the handle, 51 is the through hole, 52 is the pin hole, 53 is the breathable membrane, 6 is the liquid bag, and 7 is the needle seat , 8 is the fixing pin, 9 is the spring fixing plate, 10 is the spring, 11 is the first baffle, 12 is the second baffle, 13 is the connecting spring, 14 is the antibacterial sponge, 15 is the heparin sustained-release core, and 16 is the Blood collection handle, 17 is a vacuum blood collection tube.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a large animal percutaneous femoral artery catheterization blood collection device includes a puncture needle 1, an indwelling needle 2, a blood collection needle 3 and a hollow casing 4, and the hollow casing 4 is slidably connected with Piston 5, the piston 5 is connected with a handle 50, and the handle 50 drives the piston 5 to move; there is a gap between the piston 5 and the upper end of the hollow casing 4, and the interval forms a blood storage pool 40; the indwelling needle 2 is fixed in the hollow casing 4 The upper end of the liquid sac 6 is connected with the blood storage tank 40. The blood storage tank 40 is provided with a liquid sac 6. The front end of the liquid sac 6 is a tubular structure and extends into the indwelling needle 2. The indwelling needle 2 can be blocked by squeezing the liquid sac 6 through the piston 5. and blood reservoir 40.

Specifically: after the piston 5 is moved by the handle 50 to squeeze the liquid bladder 6, the space of the blood storage tank 40 is reduced, the liquid bladder 6 is deformed after being compressed, and the part of the liquid bladder 6 located in the blood storage tank 40 will cause the blood storage tank to be compressed. 40 is blocked, the volume of the tubular structure located in the indwelling needle 2 will increase and the indwelling needle 2 will be blocked; at the same time, the connection between the blood reservoir 40 and the indwelling needle 2 will also be blocked.

When the handle 50 is pulled in the reverse direction, the fluid bag 6 and its tubular structure return to the original state, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the hollow shell 4 and the indwelling needle 2, which can ensure the circulation of blood. Meanwhile, after the tubular structure of the sac 6 is restored to its original state, the gap between it and the indwelling needle 2 can ensure the passage of the puncture needle 1 .

The blood collection needle 3 is located inside the hollow housing 4 and is slidably connected with the piston 5 . The piston 5 is provided with a corresponding through hole 51 , and the blood collection needle 3 can slide along the through hole 51 .

The blood collection needle 3 is a hollow structure, and both ends are provided with openings, the upper end of the blood collection needle 3 is close to the liquid sac 6 and an anti-overflow plug 30 is provided at the upper end opening, and the blood collection needle 3 is provided with a blood collection hole 31 at the upper end; 4. The lower end is provided with an opening, through which the puncture needle 1 protrudes from the indwelling needle 2 through the blood collection needle 3, the anti-overflow plug 30 and the liquid sac 6 in sequence, and a needle seat 7 is fixed at the lower end of the puncture needle 1.

The specific operation includes the following steps:

S1. Puncture: hold down the skin of the animal and find the pulse of the femoral artery; then puncture the puncture needle 1 and the indwelling needle 2 into the arterial blood vessel. After the puncture is successful, the arterial blood enters the blood reservoir 40, and then withdraws from the puncture needle 1. The arterial blood Further into the blood reservoir 40 .

S2, sealing the tube: when preparing to collect blood, push the piston 5 upward through the handle 50 to make the piston 5 squeeze the liquid sac 6, so that the liquid sac 6 is deformed to block the indwelling needle 2, the blood storage tank 40 and the connection between the two, and the tube is sealed at this time. Finish. At the same time, during the sealing process, the arterial blood in the blood reservoir 40 will be forced back into the animal.

S3. Arterial blood collection: When collecting arterial blood (right-handed), fix the arterial limb and the hollow shell 4 with the left hand, and insert the blood collection tube (preferably the vacuum blood collection tube 17 ) into the lower end of the blood collection needle 3 with the right hand.

During blood collection, the handle 50 is used to pull down the piston 5 so that the piston 5 no longer squeezes the fluid bag 6, so that the space of the blood storage tank 40 is increased; The blood collection needle 3 is communicated with the blood storage tank 40 ; the arterial blood enters the vacuum blood collection tube 17 under the action of the negative pressure of the vacuum blood collection tube 17 .

When a certain amount of arterial blood is collected, push the piston 5 upward in the same way as S2 to seal the tube. When the tube is sealed, due to the deformation of the liquid sac 6, the blood in the blood storage tank 40 and the indwelling needle 2 will be squeezed back into the animal body, which can effectively avoid blood residue and prevent blood retention due to blood retention during the two blood collections. cause blood to mix.

After the tube is sealed, the vacuum blood collection tube 17 can be pulled out, and the blood collection hole 31 at the upper end of the blood collection needle 3 is blocked by the piston 5 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , the above-mentioned liquid bladder 6 can be set in various structures. As shown in a, a channel is provided in the middle of the main body of the liquid bladder 6 to ensure that the puncture needle 1 can pass through; or as shown in b, the The main body is offset, which can also ensure that the puncture needle 1 can pass through.

Further, the length of the puncture needle 1 and the indwelling needle 2 can be set according to the actual situation, preferably between 55-65 mm, the indwelling needle 2 is too short and easy to come out, and the long puncture needle 1 is not conducive to the puncture operation. The puncture needle 1 is hollow cylindrical, and the head end is designed with an oblique ellipse tip, which can solve the problem of difficult penetration caused by the thick and tough animal skin.

Further, the indwelling needle 2 is a flexible hose, and its inner wall is provided with a metal core wire with a certain elasticity, so that the indwelling needle 2 has a certain rigidity and flexibility, and the rigidity is conducive to pushing the indwelling needle 2 into the artery, and the flexibility can prevent the indwelling needle 2. Blood collection failed due to kink obstruction.

Further, in order to conveniently observe whether the puncture is successful, the hollow shell 4 is provided with a blood return observation hole 41 which communicates with the blood storage tank 40 . Specifically, the observation film 42 is fixed into the blood return observation hole 41 by means of gluing, clipping or embedding.

In S1, the hole plug 43 is removed first, and when the puncture is successful, the air compressed by the arterial blood is released through the observation membrane 42 (breathable and liquid-impermeable) in the blood return observation hole 41, since the blood storage tank 40 is closed After the cavity is filled with liquid, it will not move forward. At this time, the observation membrane 42 will be seen pulsating with the arterial blood, indicating that the puncture needle 1 has been successfully pierced into the arterial blood vessel, and then adjust the direction of the puncture needle 1 and slowly push the hollow shell to indwelling Needle 2 is pushed into the arterial blood vessel (if resistance is encountered during pushing, it should be stopped immediately). After the puncture cannula is successfully placed and fixed, the hole plug 43 is reinserted into the blood return observation hole 41 to restore the airtightness of the 6 sacs.

Further, the hollow shell 4 is made of transparent material, which can be easily observed. For example, whether there is blood in the blood storage tank 40 can be clearly observed.

Further, various structures can be used to realize the movement of the piston 5, for example, a slot 44 is provided on one side of the hollow housing 4, and the handle 50 extends through the slot 44 to the outside and can move along the slot 44 . That is, the sliding of the piston 5 is driven by pushing the handle 50 to move along the slot 44 .

Further, in order to facilitate the operation, a fixing pin 8 is also included. The fixing pin 8 is connected to the piston 5 through the hollow housing 4. The piston 5 is provided with a corresponding pin hole 52, and the hollow housing 4 is provided with a corresponding hole. The sliding of the piston 5 is restricted by fixing the piston 5 by the fixing pin 8 . During fixing, the fixing pin 8 is inserted into the pin hole 52 through the corresponding hole provided on the hollow housing 4 .

Further, a breathable film 53 is fixed in the pin hole 52 , and the breathable film 53 is fixed into the pin hole 52 by means of gluing, clamping or embedding; the pin hole 52 communicates with the through hole 51 .

In S3, when the vacuum blood collection tube 17 is pulled out, there is friction between the plug at the end of the blood collection tube and the blood collection needle 3; therefore, the blood collection needle 3 can be pulled down to move it, so that the blood collection hole 31 at the upper end of the blood collection needle 3 is connected to the blood collection needle 3. The pin hole 52 on the piston 5 (the pin hole 52 communicates with the corresponding hole on the hollow shell 4 ) communicates, and the air passes through the gas permeable membrane 53 to further press the blood retained in the blood collection needle 3 to the negative pressure vacuum blood collection tube 17 .

Further, a spring fixing plate 9 is arranged in the hollow housing 4 , and a spring 10 is arranged between the piston 5 and the spring fixing plate 9 . The elastic potential energy of the spring 10 can be used to make the piston 5 press the liquid bladder 6 in a normal state, which is convenient for operation.

Further, the hollow housing 4 is provided with a spring fixing plate 9, the blood collection needle 3 is fixed with a first baffle 11 and a second baffle 12, and the spring fixing plate 9 is located between the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 Therefore, the movement range of the blood collection needle 3 can be limited, and the pulling out of the blood collection needle 3 can be avoided. At the same time, a connecting spring 13 is provided between the first baffle 11 and the spring fixing plate 9, and the connection spring 13 can play a reset role; There are connecting springs 13 , that is, connecting springs 13 are provided between the first baffle 11 and the spring fixing plate 9 and between the second baffle 12 and the spring fixing plate 9 , and are reset by the double connecting springs 13 .

When the vacuum blood collection tube 17 is inserted into the lower end of the blood collection needle 3, the upward movement of the blood collection needle 3 can be restricted by the second baffle 12, which facilitates the connection between the blood collection needle 3 and the vacuum blood collection tube 17, and also prevents the blood collection needle 3 from being excessively raised. shift.

When the vacuum blood collection tube 17 needs to be pulled out, the downward movement of the blood collection needle 3 can be restricted by the first baffle 11, so as to avoid pulling out the blood collection needle 3 together with the blood collection tube when pulling out the blood collection tube.

Further, the lower end of the blood collection needle 3 is wrapped with an antibacterial sponge 14, which can reduce bacterial infection.

Further, the hollow shell 4 is provided with a heparin coating or a heparin sustained-release core 15, and the heparin sustained-release core 15 is located at the blood storage tank 40, and blood entering the blood storage tank 40 can infiltrate the heparin coating or heparin sustained-release core 15. , slow release of heparin to prevent coagulation.

Further, the puncture needle 1 is provided with a blood return groove 100, so that after successful puncture, the speed of blood return can be increased.

Further, for the convenience of operation, a blood sampling handle 16 is fixed on the hollow casing 4, and the blood sampling handle 16 can block the handle 50 so as to limit the excessive downward movement of the piston 5.

Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various aspects can also be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention. Various changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a large animal percutaneous aspiration femoral artery puts a tub blood sampling device which characterized in that: the puncture needle comprises a puncture needle (1), an indwelling needle (2), a blood taking needle (3) and a hollow shell (4), wherein a piston (5) is connected in the hollow shell (4) in a sliding manner, the piston (5) is connected with a handle (50), and the piston (5) is driven to move by the handle (50); a space is formed between the piston (5) and the inner part of the upper end of the hollow shell (4), and the space forms a blood storage pool (40); the indwelling needle (2) is fixed at the upper end of the hollow shell (4) and is communicated with the blood storage pool (40), a liquid sac (6) is arranged in the blood storage pool (40), the front end of the liquid sac (6) is of a tubular structure and extends into the indwelling needle (2) and a gap exists, and the indwelling needle (2) and the blood storage pool (40) can be plugged by extruding the liquid sac (6) through the piston (5); the blood taking needle (3) is positioned in the hollow shell (4) and is in sliding connection with the piston (5), a corresponding through hole (51) is formed in the piston (5), and the blood taking needle (3) can slide along the through hole (51); the blood taking needle (3) is of a hollow structure, openings are formed in two ends of the blood taking needle, the upper end of the blood taking needle is close to the liquid bag (6), an anti-overflow plug (30) is arranged at the opening of the upper end of the blood taking needle, and a blood taking hole (31) is formed in the upper end of the blood taking needle (3); the lower end of the hollow shell (4) is provided with an opening, the puncture needle (1) sequentially penetrates through the blood taking needle (3), the anti-overflow plug (30) and the liquid sac (6) through the opening and extends out of the indwelling needle (2), and a needle seat (7) is fixed at the lower end of the puncture needle (1);

the piston is characterized by further comprising a fixing pin (8), wherein the fixing pin (8) penetrates through the hollow shell (4) to be connected with the piston (5), the piston (5) is provided with a corresponding pin hole (52), the hollow shell (4) is provided with a corresponding hole, and the piston (5) is fixed through the fixing pin (8);

a breathable film (53) is fixed in the pin hole (52), and the pin hole (52) is communicated with the through hole (51);

the hollow shell (4) is internally provided with a heparin coating or a heparin slow-release core (15), the heparin slow-release core (15) is positioned at the blood storage pool (40), and blood enters the blood storage pool (40) and can be soaked with the heparin coating or the heparin slow-release core (15).

2. The large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the blood return observation hole (41) communicated with the blood storage pool (40) is formed in the hollow shell (4), and an observation membrane (42) and a hole plug (43) are arranged in the blood return observation hole (41).

3. The large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hollow shell (4) is made of transparent materials.

4. The large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: one side of the hollow shell (4) is provided with a sliding groove opening (44), and the handle (50) penetrates through the sliding groove opening (44) to extend to the outside and can move along the sliding groove opening (44).

5. The large animal percutaneous puncture femoral artery catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a spring fixing plate (9) is arranged in the hollow shell (4), and a spring (10) is arranged between the piston (5) and the spring fixing plate (9).

6. The large animal percutaneous femoral artery puncture catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: be equipped with spring fixed plate (9) in cavity casing (4), be fixed with first baffle (11) and second baffle (12) on blood taking needle (3), spring fixed plate (9) are located between first baffle (11) and second baffle (12), are equipped with between first baffle (11) and spring fixed plate (9) coupling spring (13) or all are equipped with coupling spring between first baffle (11) and spring fixed plate (9) and second baffle (12) and spring fixed plate (9).

7. The large animal percutaneous femoral artery puncture catheterization blood sampling device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lower end of the blood taking needle (3) is wrapped with an antibacterial sponge (14).

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