CN113166671A - 用于低粘性聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的抗氧化剂混合物 - Google Patents
用于低粘性聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的抗氧化剂混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113166671A CN113166671A CN201980078260.1A CN201980078260A CN113166671A CN 113166671 A CN113166671 A CN 113166671A CN 201980078260 A CN201980078260 A CN 201980078260A CN 113166671 A CN113166671 A CN 113166671A
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- lubricant
- polyalkylene glycol
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- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 alkylene glycol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 59
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- ZYVYEJXMYBUCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound COCC(C)C ZYVYEJXMYBUCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical class OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
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- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001911 terphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQHSFMJHURNQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) silicate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO[Si](OCC(CC)CCCC)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC MQHSFMJHURNQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole-4-thiol Chemical class SC1=CSN=N1 JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZAGXLQIHXTXRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethyl-4-methylhexyl)-tris(2-ethyl-4-methylhexyl)silyloxysilane Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(CC)C[Si](CC(CC)CC(C)CC)(CC(CC)CC(C)CC)O[Si](CC(CC)CC(C)CC)(CC(CC)CC(C)CC)CC(CC)CC(C)CC ZAGXLQIHXTXRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M135/26—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
-
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
- C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
- C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/084—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
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- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及包含聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、如下文定义的式(I)的芳胺和如下文定义的式(II)的硫醚的润滑剂。本发明进一步涉及一种制备润滑剂的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤；以及涉及一种减少润滑剂的氧化降解的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤。
Description
本发明涉及包含聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、如下文定义的式(I)的芳胺和如下文定义的式(II)的硫醚的润滑剂。本发明进一步涉及一种制备润滑剂的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤；和涉及一种减少润滑剂的氧化降解的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤。优选实施方案与其它优选实施方案的组合在本发明的范围内。
具有聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的润滑剂在长时间加热时容易降解。
目的是找到减少聚亚烷基二醇基础油料在高温下的降解的抗氧化剂。
通过一种润滑剂解决该目的，所述润滑剂包含聚亚烷基二醇基础油料，式(I)的芳胺
其中R1和R2是H或一起代表基团A
且R3和R4独立地为H或C2-C30烷基，
和式(II)的硫醚
也通过一种制备润滑剂的方法解决该目的，所述方法包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(II)的硫醚和式(I)的芳胺接触的步骤。
也通过一种减少聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的氧化降解的方法解决该目的，所述方法包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(II)的硫醚和式(I)的芳胺接触的步骤。
聚亚烷基二醇基础油料通常是烷氧基化醇，优选乙氧基化和丙氧基化的C1-C20烷醇或C2-C20烷二醇，特别是乙氧基化和丙氧基化的C1-C8烷醇。
合适的烷氧基化醇是乙氧基化的、乙氧基化和丙氧基化的、或乙氧基化和丁氧基化的。优选地，烷氧基化醇是乙氧基化和丙氧基化的。
烷氧基化醇可具有在400至10 000Da，优选700至3000Da，特别是1000至1500Da的范围内的数均分子量Mn。可基于羟值计算Mn。
烷氧基化醇可含有20至80重量％氧化乙烯单元和80至20重量％氧化丙烯单元。烷氧基化醇优选含有30至70重量％氧化乙烯单元和70至30重量％氧化丙烯单元。特别地，烷氧基化醇含有40至60重量％氧化乙烯单元和60至40重量％氧化丙烯单元。氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯的重量％通常合计为100重量％。
烷氧基化醇中的烷氧基可为无规或嵌段序列。烷氧基化醇中的烷氧基(例如乙氧基和丙氧基)优选为无规序列。
烷氧基化(例如乙氧基化和丙氧基化)醇的聚烷氧基化物链可被羟基或C1至C4烷基封端，其中羟基是优选的。
烷氧基化醇中的合适醇单元是直链或支链C1-C20烷醇或C2-C20烷二醇，优选C1-C8烷醇或C2-C8烷二醇，特别是C1-C6烷醇或C2-C6烷二醇。
在另一优选形式中，烷氧基化(例如乙氧基化和丙氧基化)醇中的醇单元是直链或支链C1-C12烷醇，优选C1-C6烷醇，特别是C1-C4烷醇。
烷氧基化醇中的醇单元可以是各种链长和异构体的技术混合物。
聚亚烷基二醇基础油料可具有10-300mm2/s，优选20-150mm2/s，特别是35-80mm2/s的在40℃下的运动粘度。
聚亚烷基二醇基础油料可具有3-80mm2/s，优选5-40mm2/s，特别是8-20mm2/s的在100℃下的运动粘度。
可根据ASTM D 445测定运动粘度。
聚亚烷基二醇基础油料可以是水溶性的(例如在20℃下)，如至少10g/l，优选至少100g/l。
该润滑剂可包含至少50重量％，优选至少70重量％，特别是至少90重量％的聚亚烷基二醇基础油料。
该芳胺为式(I)
其中R1和R2是H或一起代表基团A
且R3和R4独立地为H或C2-C30烷基。
在芳胺的一种形式中，R1和R2是H。在芳胺的另一种形式中，R1和R2一起代表基团A。
R3通常在苯基环的4-位置。
在一种优选形式中，R1和R2一起代表基团A，R3是H，R4是C2-C30烷基。
在另一优选形式中，R1和R2是H，R3和R4独立地为C2-C30烷基。
合适的R3和R4独立地为H或正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、2-乙基丁基、正己基、1-甲基戊基、1,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、异庚基、正辛基、1,4,4-三甲基-2-戊基、3,4-、3,5-或4,5-二甲基-1-己基、3-或5-甲基-1-庚基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、2-乙基己基、支链辛基、如获自异丁烯(isobutylene)的二聚体的支链辛基、正壬基、1,1,3-三甲基己基、如获自三丙烯(tripropylene)的三聚体的支链壬基、1-甲基十一烷基、2-正丁基-正辛基、获自异丁烯的三聚体或丙烯四聚体的支链十二烷基、获自丙烯的五聚体的支链十五烷基、2-正己基-正癸基或2-正辛基-正十二烷基。
优选地，R3和R4独立地为H或C8-C18烷基或都是C8-C18烷基。
在另一优选形式中，R3和R4独立地为H或支链C8-C18烷基或都是支链C8-C18烷基。
在另一优选形式中，R3和R4独立地为H或如获自异丁烯的二聚体的支链辛基、如获自三丙烯的三聚体的支链壬基、获自异丁烯的三聚体或丙烯的四聚体的支链十二烷基或获自丙烯的五聚体的支链十五烷基。
在一种优选形式中，该芳胺为式(Ia)
其中R1、R2、R3和R4如上文定义。
式(I)的芳胺是已知的并可购得，例如来自BASF SE,Germany的
L06或
L57。
该润滑剂可包含0.05–5重量％，优选0.1–3重量％，特别是0.5–1.0重量％的芳胺。
式(II)的硫醚可购得。
该润滑剂可包含0.05–5重量％，优选0.1–3重量％，特别是0.5–1.0重量％的式(II)的硫醚。
硫醚和芳胺之间的重量比可为1.5:1至1:1.5，优选2:1至1:2，特别是5:1至1:5。
润滑剂通常是指能够减少表面(优选金属表面)，如机械装置的表面之间的摩擦的组合物。机械装置可以是由基于机械原理工作的装置组成的机构。合适的机械装置是轴承、齿轮、接头和引导装置。机械装置可在-30℃至80℃的温度下运行。通常为几乎每种类型的机械和制造工艺专门配制润滑剂。用于这些润滑剂的基础油和/或润滑剂添加剂的类型和浓度可基于被润滑的机械或工艺的要求、机械的制造者和使用者要求的品质和政府法规选择。通常，各润滑剂具有一组独特的性能要求。除机械或工艺的适当润滑外，这些要求还可包括维持润滑剂本身的品质，以及润滑剂的使用和处置对能源利用、环境质量和使用者的健康的影响。
典型润滑剂是汽车润滑剂(例如汽油发动机油、柴油发动机油、燃气发动机油、燃气涡轮机油、自动变速箱油、齿轮油)和工业润滑剂(例如工业齿轮油、气动工具润滑油、高温油、气体压缩机油、液压油、金属加工液)。
润滑剂的实例是轴润滑、中型和重型发动机油、工业发动机油、船用发动机油、汽车发动机油、曲轴油、压缩机油、冷冻机油、烃压缩机油、极低温润滑油和脂肪、高温润滑油和脂肪、钢缆润滑剂、纺织机油、制冷机油、航空航天润滑剂、航空涡轮机油、传动油、燃气轮机油、锭子油、纺丝油、牵引液、传动油、塑料传动油、轿车变速箱油、卡车变速箱油、工业传动油、工业齿轮油、绝缘油、仪表油、制动液、传动液、减震器油、热分布介质油、变压器油、脂肪、链条油、用于金属加工操作的最小量润滑剂、用于温加工和冷加工的油、用于水基金属加工液的油、用于净油金属加工液的油、用于半合成金属加工液的油、用于合成金属加工液的油、用于土壤勘探的钻井清洗剂、液压油、可生物降解的润滑剂或润滑脂或蜡、链锯油、脱模剂、成型液、枪炮、手枪和步枪润滑剂或手表润滑剂和食品级批准润滑剂。
该润滑剂通常可具有至少10、50、100、150、200、300、400、500、600、900、1400或2000mm2/s的在40℃下的运动粘度。在另一种形式中，该润滑剂通常可具有200至10 000mm2/s(cSt)，优选500至3 000mm2/s，特别是1000至1500mm2/s的在40℃下的运动粘度。
该润滑剂通常可具有至少2、3、5、10、20、30、40或50mm2/s的在100℃下的运动粘度。在另一种形式中，该润滑剂可具有10至5000mm2/s(cSt)，优选30至3000mm2/s，特别是50至2000mm2/s的在100℃下的运动粘度。
该润滑剂可具有至少50、75、100、120、140、150、160、170、180、190或200的粘度指数。
该润滑剂通常是润滑液、润滑油或润滑脂。
该润滑剂通常进一步包含
-除聚亚烷基二醇基础油料外的附加基础油，其选自矿物油、聚α烯烃、聚合和互聚烯烃、烷基萘、环氧烷聚合物、硅酮油、磷酸酯和羧酸酯；和/或
-润滑剂添加剂。
该润滑剂通常含有最多10重量％，优选最多5重量％，特别是最多1重量％的附加基础油。在另一种形式中，该润滑剂不含附加基础油。
附加基础油可选自矿物油(I类、II类或III类油)、聚α烯烃(IV类油)、聚合和互聚烯烃、烷基萘、环氧烷聚合物、硅酮油、磷酸酯和羧酸酯(V类油)。优选地，基础油选自根据API的定义的I类、II类、III类基础油，或其混合物。基础油的定义与在American PetroleumInstitute(API)publication"Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System",Industry Services Department,第十四版，1996年12月，附录1，1998年12月中发现的相同。所述出版物将基础油分类如下：
a)I类基础油含有少于90％饱和物(ASTM D 2007)和/或多于0.03％硫(ASTM D2622)并具有大于或等于80且小于120的粘度指数(ASTM D 2270)。
b)II类基础油含有大于或等于90％饱和物和小于或等于0.03％硫并具有大于或等于80且小于120的粘度指数。
c)III类基础油含有大于或等于90％饱和物和小于或等于0.03％硫并具有大于或等于120的粘度指数。
d)IV类基础油含有聚α烯烃。聚α烯烃(PAO)包括已知PAO材料，其通常包含α烯烃的相对低分子量氢化聚合物或低聚物，所述α烯烃包括但不限于C2至大约C32α烯烃，其中C8至大约C16α烯烃，如1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二烯等是优选的。优选的聚α烯烃是聚-1-辛烯、聚-1-癸烯和聚-1-十二烯。
e)V类基础油含有I至IV类没有描述的任何基础油。V类基础油的实例包括烷基萘、环氧烷聚合物、硅酮油和磷酸酯。
合成基础油包括烃油和卤代烃油，如聚合和互聚烯烃(例如聚丙烯、丙烯-异丁烯共聚物、氯化聚丁烯、聚(1-己烯)、聚(1-辛烯)、聚(1-癸烯))；烷基苯(例如十二烷基苯、十四烷基苯、二壬基苯、二(2-乙基己基)苯)；聚苯基(例如联苯、三联苯、烷基化聚酚)；和烷基化二苯醚和烷基化二苯硫以及它们的衍生物、类似物和同系物。
环氧烷聚合物和互聚物及其末端羟基已通过酯化、醚化等改性的衍生物构成另一类已知的合成基础油。这些以通过氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯的聚合制成的聚氧化烯聚合物、以及聚氧化烯聚合物的烷基和芳基醚(例如分子量为1000的甲基聚异丙二醇醚或分子量为1000至1500的聚乙二醇二苯醚)；和它们的单-和多羧酸酯，例如四乙二醇的乙酸酯、混合C3-C8脂肪酸酯和C13含氧酸二酯为例。
硅基油，如聚烷基-、聚芳基-、聚烷氧基-或聚芳氧基硅酮油和硅酸酯油构成另一类可用的合成基础油；这样的基础油包括硅酸四乙酯、硅酸四异丙酯、硅酸四-(2-乙基己基)酯、硅酸四-(4-甲基-2-乙基己基)酯、硅酸四-(对-叔丁基-苯基)酯、六-(4-甲基-2-乙基己基)二硅氧烷、聚(甲基)硅氧烷和聚(甲基苯基)硅氧烷。其它合成基础油包括含磷酸的液态酯(例如磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三辛酯、癸基膦酸二乙酯)和聚合四氢呋喃。
合适的润滑剂添加剂可选自粘度指数改进剂、聚合型增稠剂、缓蚀剂、清净剂、分散剂、消泡剂、染料、防磨损添加剂、极压添加剂(EP添加剂)、抗磨添加剂(AW添加剂)、摩擦改进剂、金属减活剂、倾点下降剂。
粘度指数改进剂包括在高温下比它们在低温下更多地提高油的相对粘度的高分子量聚合物。粘度指数改进剂包括聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、乙烯基吡咯烷酮/甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚丁烯、烯烃共聚物如乙烯-丙烯共聚物或苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物或聚烯，如PIB、苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物和聚醚，及其组合。最常见的VI改进剂是甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物和共聚物、丙烯酸酯聚合物、烯烃聚合物和共聚物、和苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物。粘度指数改进剂的其它实例包括聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯、α-烯烃聚合物、α-烯烃共聚物(例如乙烯丙烯共聚物)、聚烷基苯乙烯、酚缩合物、萘缩合物、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物等。其中，具有10000至300000的数均分子量的聚甲基丙烯酸酯和具有1000至30000的数均分子量的α-烯烃聚合物或α-烯烃共聚物，特别是具有1000至10000的数均分子量的乙烯-α烯烃共聚物是优选的。粘度指数提高剂可独立地或以混合物形式添加和使用，方便地以在相对于基础油料的重量计≥0.05至≤20.0重量％的范围内的量。
合适的(聚合型)增稠剂包括，但不限于，聚异丁烯(PIB)、低聚共聚物(OCPs)、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMAs)、苯乙烯和丁二烯的共聚物或高粘度酯(复合酯)。
缓蚀剂可包括各种含氧、含氮、含硫和含磷的材料，并可包括含金属的化合物(盐、有机金属等)和不含金属或无灰材料。缓蚀剂可包括，但不限于，如下添加剂类型，例如烃基-、芳基-、烷基-、芳基烷基-和烷基芳基-形式的清净剂(中性、高碱性)、磺酸盐、酚盐、水杨酸盐、醇盐、羧酸盐、柳芳酸盐(salixarate)、亚磷酸盐、磷酸盐、硫代磷酸盐、胺、胺盐、胺磷酸盐、胺磺酸盐、烷氧基化胺、醚胺、聚醚-胺、酰胺、酰亚胺、唑类、二唑、三唑、苯并三唑、苯并噻唑、巯基苯并噻唑、甲苯基三唑(TTZ类型)、杂环胺、杂环硫化物、噻唑、噻二唑、巯基噻二唑、二巯基噻二唑(DMTD类型)、咪唑、苯并咪唑、二硫代苯并咪唑、咪唑啉、
唑啉、曼尼希反应产物、缩水甘油醚、酐、氨基甲酸盐、硫代氨基甲酸盐、二硫代氨基甲酸盐、聚二醇等，或它们的混合物。
清净剂包括附着于污垢粒子以防止它们附着于关键表面的净化剂。清净剂也可附着于金属表面本身以使其保持清洁并防止发生腐蚀。清净剂包括烷基水杨酸钙、烷基酚钙和烷芳基磺酸钙，可使用替代性的金属离子，如镁、钡或钠。可用的净化和分散剂的实例包括金属基清净剂，如中性和碱性碱土金属磺酸盐、碱土金属酚盐和碱土金属水杨酸盐、烯基琥珀酰亚胺和烯基琥珀酰亚胺酯和它们的硼氢化物、酚盐、已用硫化合物改性的Salienius复合清净剂和无灰分散剂。这些试剂可独立地或以混合物形式添加和使用，方便地以在相对于基础油料的重量计≥0.01至≤1.0重量％的范围内的量；这些也可为高总碱值(TBN)、低TBN或高/低TBN的混合物。
分散剂是有助于防止在关键表面上形成油泥、漆膜和其它沉积物的润滑剂添加剂。分散剂可以是琥珀酰亚胺分散剂(例如N-取代的长链烯基琥珀酰亚胺)、曼尼希分散剂、含酯分散剂、脂肪烃基单羧酸酰化剂与胺或氨的缩合产物、烷基氨基酚分散剂、烃基-胺分散剂、聚醚分散剂或聚醚胺分散剂。在一个实施方案中，琥珀酰亚胺分散剂包括聚异丁烯取代的琥珀酰亚胺，其中用于生成该分散剂的聚异丁烯可具有大约400至大约5000、或大约950至大约1600的数均分子量。在一个实施方案中，该分散剂包括硼酸化分散剂。通常，硼酸化分散剂包括琥珀酰亚胺分散剂，包括聚异丁烯琥珀酰亚胺，其中用于生成该分散剂的聚异丁烯可具有大约400至大约5000的数均分子量。上面在极压剂描述中更详细描述了硼酸化分散剂。
消泡剂可选自有机硅、聚丙烯酸酯等。本文所述的润滑剂组合物中的消泡剂的量可为基于该制剂的总重量计≥0.001重量％至≤0.1重量％。作为进一步实例，消泡剂可以大约0.004重量％至大约0.008重量％的量存在。
合适的极压剂是含硫化合物。在一个实施方案中，含硫化合物可以是硫化烯烃、多硫化物或其混合物。硫化烯烃的实例包括衍生自丙烯、异丁烯、戊烯的硫化烯烃；有机硫化物和/或多硫化物，包括苄基二硫；双-(氯苄基)二硫；二丁基四硫；二叔丁基多硫化物；和硫化油酸甲酯、硫化烷基酚、硫化二戊烯、硫化萜烯、硫化狄尔斯-阿尔德加合物、N'N-二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸烷基磺酸苯基(sulphenyl)酯；或其混合物。在一个实施方案中，硫化烯烃包括衍生自丙烯、异丁烯、戊烯或其混合物的硫化烯烃。在一个实施方案中，极压添加剂含硫化合物包括二巯基噻二唑或衍生物，或其混合物。二巯基噻二唑的实例包括如2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑或烃基取代的2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑或其低聚物之类的化合物。烃基取代的2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑的低聚物通常通过在2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑单元之间形成硫-硫键而形成，以形成两个或更多个所述噻二唑单元的衍生物或低聚物。合适的2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生化合物包括例如2,5-双(叔壬基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑或2-叔壬基二硫代-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑。烃基取代的2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑的烃基取代基上的碳原子数通常包括1至30、或2至20、或3至16。极压添加剂包括含有硼和/或硫和/或磷的化合物。极压剂可以润滑剂组合物的0重量％至大约20重量％、或大约0.05重量％至大约10.0重量％、或大约0.1重量％至大约8重量％存在于润滑剂组合物中。
抗磨添加剂的实例包括有机硼酸酯、有机亚磷酸酯如亚磷酸双十二烷基酯、有机含硫化合物如硫化鲸油或硫化萜烯、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二芳基二硫代磷酸锌、磷硫化烃和它们的任何组合。
摩擦改进剂可包括含金属的化合物或材料，以及无灰化合物或材料，或其混合物。含金属的摩擦改进剂包括金属盐或金属-配体络合物，其中金属可包括碱金属、碱土金属或过渡金属。这样的含金属的摩擦改进剂也可具有低灰分特征。过渡金属可包括Mo、Sb、Sn、Fe、Cu、Zn等。配体可包括醇的烃基衍生物、多元醇、甘油、偏酯甘油、硫醇、羧酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、硫代氨基甲酸酯、二硫代氨基甲酸酯、磷酸酯、硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、酰胺、酰亚胺、胺、噻唑、噻二唑、二噻唑、二唑、三唑和其它含有有效量的O、N、S或P(独立地或组合地)的极性分子官能团。含Mo的化合物特别有效，例如二硫代氨基甲酸钼Mo(DTC)、二硫代磷酸钼Mo(DTP)、Mo-胺Mo(Am)、醇钼、Mo-醇-酰胺等。
无灰摩擦改进剂也可包括含有有效量的极性基团的润滑剂材料，例如含羟基的烃基基础油、甘油酯、偏甘油酯、甘油酯衍生物等。摩擦改进剂中的极性基团可包括含有有效量的O、N、S或P(独立地或组合地)的烃基。特别有效的其它摩擦改进剂包括例如，脂肪酸的盐(含灰分和无灰的衍生物)、脂肪醇、脂肪酰胺、脂肪酯、含羟基的羧酸酯和相当的合成长链烃基酸、醇、酰胺、酯、羟基羧酸酯等。在一些情况下可使用脂肪有机酸、脂肪胺和硫化脂肪酸作为合适的摩擦改进剂。摩擦改进剂的实例包括脂肪酸酯和酰胺、有机钼化合物、二烷基硫代氨基甲酸钼和二烷基二硫代磷酸钼。
合适的金属减活剂包括苯并三唑及其衍生物，例如4-或5-烷基苯并三唑(例如三唑)及其衍生物、4,5,6,7-四氢苯并三唑和5,5'-亚甲基双苯并三唑；苯并三唑或三唑的曼尼希碱，例如1-[双(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]三唑和1-[双(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]苯并三唑；和烷氧基-烷基苯并三唑，如1-(壬氧基甲基)苯并三唑、1-(1-丁氧基乙基)苯并三唑和1-(1-环己氧基丁基)三唑及其组合。所述一种或多种金属减活剂的附加非限制性实例包括1,2,4-三唑及其衍生物，例如3-烷基(或芳基)-1,2,4-三唑，和1,2,4-三唑的曼尼希碱，如1-[双(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基-1,2,4-三唑；烷氧基烷基-1,2,4-三唑，如1-(1-丁氧基乙基)-1,2,4-三唑；和酰化3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑、咪唑衍生物，例如4,4'-亚甲基双(2-十一烷基-5-甲基咪唑)和双[(N-甲基)咪唑-2-基]-甲醇-辛基醚，及其组合。所述一种或多种金属减活剂的进一步非限制性实例包括含硫杂环化合物，例如2-巯基苯并噻唑、2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑及其衍生物；和3,5-双-[二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]-1,3,4-噻二唑啉-2-酮，及其组合。所述一种或多种金属减活剂的再进一步非限制性实例包括氨基化合物，例如亚水杨基丙二胺、水杨基氨基胍及其盐，和它们的组合。所述一种或多种金属减活剂在该组合物中的量不受特别限制，但通常以基于该组合物的重量计大约0.01至大约0.1、大约0.05至大约0.01、或大约0.07至大约0.1重量％的量存在。或者，所述一种或多种金属减活剂可以基于该组合物的重量计小于大约0.1、小于大约0.7、或小于大约0.5重量％的量存在。
倾点下降剂(PPD)包括聚甲基丙烯酸酯、烷基化萘衍生物及其组合。常用添加剂，如烷基芳族聚合物和聚甲基丙烯酸酯也可用于此用途。通常，处理率为基础油料的重量的≥0.001重量％至≤1.0重量％。
破乳剂包括磷酸三烷基酯、和乙二醇、氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯的各种聚合物和共聚物、或其混合物。
实施例
PAG基础油料:无规乙氧基化和丙氧基化丁醇，50重量％氧化乙烯单元，Mn大约1200g/mol(基于OH值)，KV40大约50mm2/s，KV100大约10mm2/s。
胺抗氧化剂A:式(I)的芳胺，其中R1和R2是H，R3和R4独立地包含支链辛基，包括在CAS[68411-46-1]中。
胺抗氧化剂B:式(I)的芳胺，其中R1和R2一起代表基团A，R3是H，R4是支链辛基，CAS[51772-35-1]。
硫醚抗氧化剂:式(II)的硫醚。
实施例1
如表1中所述，润滑剂样品(各30克)含有PAG基础油料和0.75重量％的硫醚抗氧化剂和0.75重量％的胺抗氧化剂。
表1:润滑剂的组成(数据以重量％计)
| 润滑剂A | 润滑剂B | |
| PAG基础油料 | 98.75 | 98.75 |
| 胺抗氧化剂A | 0.75 | – |
| 胺抗氧化剂B | – | 0.75 |
| 硫醚抗氧化剂 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
实施例2
来自实施例1的润滑剂样品(各30克)在敞开的烧瓶中在圆形铜坯(1mm厚，16mm直径，大约2克)存在下无搅拌地在150℃下储存几周。测定KV40且结果概括在表2中。将加热前的KV40设定为100％。
表2:在150℃下储存时的KV40[％]的评估
| 周 | 润滑剂A | 润滑剂B |
| 0 | 101 | 101 |
| 2 | 105 | 103 |
| 4 | 103 | 98 |
| 8 | 106 | 104 |
| 10 | 102 | 102 |
数据显示，只有轻微的由聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的分解造成的粘度提高或降低。
Claims (14)
1.一种润滑剂，其包含聚亚烷基二醇基础油料，
式(I)的芳胺
其中R1和R2是H或一起代表基团A
且R3和R4独立地为H或C2-C30烷基，和
式(II)的硫醚
2.根据权利要求1的润滑剂，其包含0.05–5重量％，优选0.1–3重量％，特别是0.5–1.0重量％的芳胺。
3.根据权利要求1或2的润滑剂，其包含0.05–5重量％，优选0.1–3重量％，特别是0.5–1.0重量％的硫醚。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中硫醚和芳胺之间的重量比可为1.5:1至1:1.5，优选2:1至1:2，特别是5:1至1:5。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中所述聚亚烷基二醇基础油料具有10-300mm2/s的在40℃下的运动粘度。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中所述聚亚烷基二醇基础油料是乙氧基化和丙氧基化的C1-C20烷醇或C2-C20烷二醇。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中所述聚亚烷基二醇基础油料是乙氧基化和丙氧基化的C1-C8烷醇。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中所述聚亚烷基二醇基础油料是具有在400至10 000Da，优选700至3000Da，特别是1000至1500Da的范围内的数均分子量Mn的烷氧基化醇。
9.根据权利要求6-8中任一项的润滑剂，其中所述烷氧基化醇含有30至70重量％氧化乙烯单元和70至30重量％氧化丙烯单元。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中R1和R2一起代表基团A，R3是H，R4是C2-C30烷基。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中R1和R2是H，R3和R4独立地为C2-C30烷基。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项的润滑剂，其中R3和R4独立地为H或正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、2-乙基丁基、正己基、1-甲基戊基、1,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、异庚基、正辛基、1,4,4-三甲基-2-戊基、3,4-、3,5-或4,5-二甲基-1-己基、3-或5-甲基-1-庚基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、2-乙基己基、支链辛基、如获自异丁烯的二聚体的支链辛基、正壬基、1,1,3-三甲基己基、如获自三丙烯的三聚体的支链壬基、1-甲基十一烷基、2-正丁基-正辛基、获自异丁烯的三聚体或丙烯的四聚体的支链十二烷基、获自丙烯的五聚体的支链十五烷基、2-正己基-正癸基或2-正辛基-正十二烷基。
13.一种制备如前述权利要求中任一项所述的润滑剂的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤。
14.一种减少如前述权利要求中任一项所述的聚亚烷基二醇基础油料的氧化降解的方法，其包括使聚亚烷基二醇基础油料、式(I)的芳胺和式(II)的硫醚接触的步骤。
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| GB2359089A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-15 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
| DE102005011776A1 (de) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Synthetischer Schmierstoff auf Basis von Polyalkylenglykol |
| BRPI0809824B1 (pt) * | 2007-04-25 | 2017-06-27 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | "composition of lubricant mixture" |
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| CN103842488A (zh) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-04 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 包含低Noack挥发度的聚烷撑二醇二醚的润滑剂组合物 |
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