CN113153279A - Intelligent well completion system and method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control - Google Patents
Intelligent well completion system and method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control Download PDFInfo
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光纤监测和分层流动控制的智能完井系统，包括：地面信号处理子系统、地面液压子系统、井下动态监测子系统和多个流量控制装置；井下动态监测子系统，包括传感光纤和多个光纤传感器组件；传感光纤穿设在油井套管内且沿油井延伸；光纤传感器组件，固设在油管的外壁上，与传感光纤连接；地面信号处理子系统，与地面液压子系统通过控制线缆电连接；流量控制装置，与油管连接，且与地面液压子系统连接。本发明还提供一种基于光纤监测和分层流动控制的智能完井方法。本发明实现了井下分布式监测，无需停产监测，降低了测量成本。提高了检测精度，实现了可靠性高、稳定性强的监测系统和监测方法。
The invention discloses an intelligent completion system based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control, comprising: a ground signal processing subsystem, a ground hydraulic subsystem, a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem and a plurality of flow control devices; a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem , including a sensing optical fiber and a plurality of optical fiber sensor components; the sensing optical fiber is penetrated in the oil well casing and extends along the oil well; the optical fiber sensor component is fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe and connected with the sensing optical fiber; the ground signal processing subsystem, It is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem through a control cable; the flow control device is connected with the oil pipe and connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem. The invention also provides an intelligent completion method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control. The invention realizes downhole distributed monitoring, does not need to stop production for monitoring, and reduces the measurement cost. The detection accuracy is improved, and a monitoring system and a monitoring method with high reliability and strong stability are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil well monitoring systems, and particularly relates to an intelligent well completion system and method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control.
Background
In the exploration and development process of an oil and gas field, after the oil and gas well is conventionally completed, the work of underground fluid measurement, pressure and temperature measurement of the oil and gas reservoir, underground oil and gas reservoir visualization and the like can be carried out from the ground through various physical means, an optimized exploitation scheme of the oil and gas well is obtained through acquisition, screening, analysis and research of measurement data, intelligent measurement and control equipment (an operating valve or a sliding sleeve switch, an underground oil-water separator and the like) which is installed on an underground oil and gas layer is further remotely controlled through ground control equipment, and the flow, injection water flow, underground production processing equipment and the like of each oil and gas layer are flexibly controlled according to the conditions of the oil well, a water injection well and the oil production and production requirements under the condition of no moving of a pipe column, so that the purposes of optimizing production and finally improving the recovery ratio are achieved.
However, as the development direction of oil and gas fields gradually shifts to the direction of deep wells, low permeability, oceans and unconventional oil and gas, the underground working conditions and the reconstruction measures are increasingly complex, the reliability and the accuracy of underground test instruments and tools are of great importance, and the traditional electronic sensors cannot work in the severe underground environments such as high temperature, high pressure, corrosion, geomagnetic interference, strong impact, mechanical vibration and the like.
The traditional device and instrument applied to measuring the underground temperature, pressure and other states of the oil and gas field at present have the following defects:
(1) the traditional measuring device is a single-point measuring device, and with the increase of measuring points, a measuring system becomes complicated and the measuring cost is increased;
(2) because the oil-gas well has a large amount of corrosive liquid, the detection end of the conventional measuring device is in direct contact with well liquid, so that the oil-gas well is difficult to be placed underground for a long time, and the real-time online measurement of the underground temperature and pressure of the oil-gas field cannot be realized;
(3) the traditional measuring device can measure the oil field only by stopping the production of the oil well, thereby influencing the production efficiency of the oil field, and the measured data can not reflect the real parameters in the production process;
(4) at present, the measuring device needs electric signals to transmit measured data, and due to the interference of the underground electromagnetic environment, the data measurement has errors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent well completion system and method based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides an intelligent well completion system based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control, including: the system comprises a ground signal processing subsystem, a ground hydraulic subsystem, a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem and a plurality of flow control devices;
the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem comprises a sensing optical fiber and a plurality of optical fiber sensor components;
the sensing optical fiber penetrates through the oil well casing and extends along the oil well, is positioned on one side of the oil pipe, and the upper end of the sensing optical fiber is connected with the ground signal processing subsystem;
the optical fiber sensor assembly is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the oil pipe and is connected with the sensing optical fiber;
the ground signal processing subsystem is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem through a control cable;
the flow control device is connected with the oil pipe and the ground hydraulic subsystem;
wherein at least one optical fiber sensor assembly is disposed in each zone of the well, and one flow control device is disposed in each zone of the well.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sensing optical fiber is fixedly arranged on one side of the oil pipe through a wellhead Christmas tree.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ground signal processing subsystem includes: a server and a signal processor;
the server is electrically connected with the signal processor;
and the signal processor is connected with the sensing optical fiber and is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem through a control cable.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fiber optic sensor assembly comprises: fiber optic temperature pressure sensors and fiber optic flow sensors.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flow control device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a piston and an outer casing;
the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the oil pipe, the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer protective cylinder, and a first overflowing channel is formed; the hydraulic cylinder is connected with an electromagnetic valve of the ground hydraulic subsystem through a hydraulic pipeline;
the lower end of the outer protective cylinder is fixedly connected with the oil pipe, and a liquid inlet is formed in the cylinder wall;
the piston is slidably arranged in the first overflowing channel and the outer protecting cylinder in a penetrating way, the upper end of the piston is connected with the hydraulic cylinder in a sliding way and is provided with a second overflowing channel, and the side wall of the piston is provided with an adjusting through hole;
the second overflowing channel is communicated with the first overflowing channel and the lower end of the outer protective cylinder;
the adjusting through hole is positioned on one side of the liquid inlet and communicated with the liquid inlet, and the long axis of the adjusting through hole is gradually increased or decreased along the liquid outlet direction of the oil well.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent well completion method based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control, including the following steps:
step 1, a ground signal processing subsystem generates an excitation light source for a sensing optical fiber;
step 2, detecting the state of the produced layer after the optical fiber sensor assembly receives the excitation light source, returning a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem, and returning a second optical signal to the sensing optical fiber;
step 3, the ground signal processing subsystem demodulates the first optical signal and the second optical signal to generate a state parameter, and generates a control instruction according to the state parameter;
step 4, the ground signal processing subsystem sends the control command to a ground hydraulic subsystem and stores the state parameters;
step 5, the ground hydraulic subsystem controls the action of a flow control device;
and 6, continuously detecting the state of the produced layer by the optical fiber sensor assembly and returning a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem, and continuously returning a second optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem by the sensing optical fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ground signal processing subsystem includes: a server and a signal processor;
the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows: the signal processor generates an excitation light source for the sensing optical fiber;
the specific steps of the step 2 are as follows: the optical fiber sensor assembly receives the excitation light source and then detects the state of the produced layer and returns a first optical signal to the signal processor, and the sensing optical fiber returns a second optical signal;
the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: the signal processor demodulates the first optical signal and the second optical signal to generate a state parameter, and generates a control instruction according to the state parameter;
the specific steps of the step 4 are as follows: and the server stores the state parameters, and the signal processor sends the control command to the ground hydraulic subsystem.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flow control device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a piston and an outer casing;
the specific steps of the step 5 are as follows: the surface hydraulic subsystem controls the piston action of the flow control device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the optical fiber sensor component is used for detecting the temperature, pressure and flow data of the specified position in the well, the sensing optical fiber penetrates through all the underground production layers, the change of optical signals of each production layer can be continuously transmitted, and the temperature, the pressure, the stress and the like are continuously sensed and measured. The measured quantity of the optical fiber sensor component is also transmitted through the sensing optical fiber, and the sensing optical fiber is not only a sensing medium, but also a measured transmission medium, so that underground distributed monitoring is realized, a detection system is simplified, and the measurement cost is reduced. The sensing optical fiber and the optical fiber sensor assembly are insensitive to electromagnetic interference, and can measure well bore and well site environment parameters with high precision.
Meanwhile, the sensing optical fiber is matched with the optical fiber sensor assembly, so that the distributed measurement capability is realized, the measured spatial distribution can be measured, the measurement information is comprehensive, and the production stop measurement is not needed. Moreover, the optical fiber sensor assembly has small cross-sectional area and small volume, occupies extremely small space in the sleeve and does not influence the measured environment. The underground stratified flow control is realized by combining a hydraulic mode, the fault rate of an underground tool is effectively reduced, and the detection device and the detection method with high reliability and strong stability are realized.
In addition, the sensing light path of the optical fiber sensor component can be detected without directly acting with well fluid, and the requirements of high-temperature, high-pressure and high-pollution underground environment can be met.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent well completion system based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent well completion system based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston of the flow control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100-a ground signal processing subsystem; 101-a server; 102-a signal processor; 200-a ground hydraulic subsystem; 300-a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem; 301-sensing fiber; 302-a fiber optic sensor assembly; 303-fiber temperature pressure sensor; 304-a fiber optic flow sensor; 400-a flow control device; 401-hydraulic cylinder; 402-a piston; 403-outer protective sleeve; 404-a first flow channel; 405-a liquid inlet; 406-an upper connector; 407-lower linker; 408-a second flow-through channel; 409-adjusting through holes; 410-a first sub-tube; 411-a second sub-tube; 500-a cannula; 501-wellhead Christmas tree; 600-an oil pipe; 601-a packer; 602-oil well pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent well completion system based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control, including: a surface signal processing subsystem 100, a surface hydraulic subsystem 200, a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300, and a plurality of flow control devices 400. The downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 includes a sensing fiber 301 and a plurality of fiber optic sensor assemblies 302. The sensing optical fiber 301 is arranged in the oil well casing 500 in a penetrating mode and extends along an oil well, the sensing optical fiber 301 is located on one side of the oil pipe 600, and the upper end of the sensing optical fiber 301 is connected with the ground signal processing subsystem 100. In this embodiment, the sensing fibers 301 penetrate all the producing zones downhole, a packer 601 is arranged between every two adjacent producing zones, and the sensing fibers 301 penetrate each packer 601 to the extreme producing zone. The optical fiber sensor assembly 302 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the oil pipe 600, and the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 is connected with the sensing optical fiber 301. The sensing fiber 301 and fiber sensor assembly 302 are located between the casing 500 and the tubing 600. The ground signal processing subsystem 100 is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 through a control cable. In this embodiment, the ground signal processing subsystem 100 generates an excitation light source, light waves of the excitation light source are transmitted in the sensing optical fiber 301, and at the same time, the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 operates under the action of the light waves, the sensing optical fiber 301 can sense a measured value (temperature, pressure, stress, strain, etc.), and simultaneously transmits optical signals generated by detection of the optical fiber sensor group to the ground signal processing subsystem 100, and the ground signal processing subsystem 100 demodulates returned optical signals, performs signal analysis to generate state parameters, generates a control instruction for controlling the work of the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 according to the state parameters, and transmits the control instruction to the ground hydraulic subsystem 200. Wherein at least one fiber optic sensor assembly 302 is disposed in each zone of the well.
There is one flow control device 400 in each zone of the well. The flow control device 400 is connected to the tubing 600 and the flow control device 400 is connected to the surface hydraulic subsystem 200. In this embodiment, the flow control device 400 is used to control the flow rate of the produced fluid in the oil pipe 600. The flow control device 400 works through hydraulic control, and the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 executes a control instruction of the ground signal processing subsystem 100 to control the action of the flow control device 400, so as to realize the adjustment of the flow of the produced fluid entering the oil pipe 600 in the current layer.
In this embodiment, monitoring of downhole single-point temperature, pressure and flow is realized through the optical fiber sensor assembly 302, monitoring of downhole distributed temperature, pressure, strain and sound wave is realized through the sensing optical fiber 301, the sensing optical cable simultaneously returns an optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem 100 as an optical signal transmission medium, the ground signal processing subsystem 100 demodulates the returned optical signal, performs signal analysis to generate a state parameter, generates a control instruction for controlling the work of the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 according to the generated state parameter, and the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 executes the control instruction to enable the flow control device 400 to act to adjust the flow. Therefore, the detection system of the present embodiment can adjust the downhole flow rate according to the detection result of the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300.
In this embodiment, the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 continuously monitors the downhole state, and may feedback the execution of the flow control device 400, and precisely control the downhole reservoir pressure model by circularly adjusting the flow control device 400.
In this embodiment, the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 implements downhole distributed monitoring, thereby implementing integrity monitoring of the tubing 600 and the casing 500, and the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 has a simple structure, does not need to stop production for measurement, reduces measurement cost, and the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 is not sensitive to electromagnetic interference, can measure wellbore and well site environmental parameters with high precision, and the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 has a small volume, occupies a small space in the casing 500, and does not affect the measured environment. The sensing light path of the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 can be detected without direct action with well fluid, and can meet the requirements of high-temperature, high-pressure and high-pollution underground environment.
In this embodiment, the temperature, pressure, and flow data of the designated point in the well measured by the optical fiber sensor may be used to correct the data obtained by measuring the sensing optical fiber 301, so as to realize the monitoring curve obtained by correcting the distributed measurement of the sensing optical fiber 301, thereby obtaining or obtaining with higher accuracy the waterfall of the temperature, pressure, and flow at any point and at any time point in the range of the well section where the sensing optical fiber 301 is disposed.
In one possible implementation, sensing of the sensing fiber 301 utilizes the characteristics of light waves propagating in the fiber, and the measured quantity (temperature, pressure, stress, strain, etc.) can be sensed continuously along the length of the fiber. In this case, the optical fiber is both the sensing medium and the transmission medium to be measured. The sensing is performed by exciting corresponding backscattered spectrum signals, i.e., rayleigh, brillouin, and raman scattering spectra, in the sensing fiber 301 by using incident laser pulses, wherein the sensing fiber 301 has a multi-core fiber structure and can simultaneously transmit a plurality of spectrum signals.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and further defines that the sensing fiber 301 is fixed on one side of the oil pipe 600 through the wellhead christmas tree 501. In this embodiment, the pump 602 is disposed on the oil pipe 600, and the sensing fiber 301 is disposed on one side of the oil pipe 600 and the pump 602. Further, the sensing fiber 301 can also detect and monitor the operating state of the oil well pump 602. Specifically, the sensing fiber 301 can sense the vibration sound wave generated by the oil pump 602 during operation.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the ground signal processing subsystem 100 includes: a server 101 and a signal processor 102. The server 101 is electrically connected to the signal processor 102. The signal processor 102 is connected with the sensing optical fiber 301, and the signal processor 102 is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 through a control cable. In this embodiment, the signal processor 102 is configured to generate an excitation light source, demodulate an optical signal returned by the sensing optical fiber 301, perform signal analysis to generate a status parameter, and generate a control instruction for controlling the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 according to the status parameter. The information and results of the signal analysis are stored in the server 101,
further, as shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber sensor package 302 includes: a fiber optic temperature pressure sensor 303 and a fiber optic flow sensor 304. In this embodiment, the optical fiber temperature and pressure sensor 303 is fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe 600 through a first sensor cartridge, and the optical fiber flow sensor 304 is fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe 600 through a second sensor cartridge.
In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature and pressure sensor 303 is an F-P (Fabry-Perot) sensor. The optical fiber flow sensor 304 utilizes the flow velocity differential pressure existing between the static pressure and the flow velocity pressure of the pipeline fluid flowing at the same position, the differential pressure information is converted into a tiny optical path difference through a pressure sensitive element, namely, an optical phase difference is generated, the change of the optical phase is measured by using the optical path structure of the Michelson interferometer, and finally the high-precision measurement of the flow velocity is realized through signal demodulation and processing. By adopting the sensor, the sensing light path does not directly act with well liquid, so that the sensing light path is subjected to integral closed packaging, the measurement of flow velocity and flow can be realized, and the requirements of high-temperature, high-pressure and high-pollution underground environment can be met.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flow control device 400 includes a hydraulic cylinder 401, a piston 402, and an outer jacket 403. The upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is fixedly connected with the oil pipe 600, the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer protective sleeve 403, and the hydraulic cylinder 401 is provided with a first overflowing channel 404. The hydraulic cylinder 401 is connected to the solenoid valve of the surface hydraulic subsystem 200 via hydraulic lines. The lower end of the outer protective cylinder 403 is fixedly connected with the oil pipe 600, and the cylinder wall of the outer protective cylinder 403 is provided with a liquid inlet 405; in this embodiment, the flow control device 400 is disposed on the oil pipe 600 section of the current producing zone, the oil pipe 600 section of the current producing zone may be divided into two sub-pipe sections, which are an upper sub-pipe section and a lower sub-pipe section, respectively, and the upper sub-pipe section and the lower sub-pipe section are connected together through the flow control device 400. The hydraulic cylinder 401 is connected to the lower end of the upper sub-pipe section by an upper joint 406, and the lower end of the outer jacket 403 is connected to the upper end of the lower sub-pipe section by a lower joint 407.
The piston 402 is slidably arranged in the first overflowing channel 404 and the outer protective sleeve 403, the upper end of the piston 402 is slidably connected with the hydraulic cylinder 401, the piston 402 is provided with a second overflowing channel 408, and the side wall of the piston 402 is provided with an adjusting through hole 409. The piston 402 is slidably moved by the hydraulic pressure of the oil in the cylinder 401. Specifically, the solenoid valves of each production zone of the surface hydraulic subsystem 200 control the flow direction and flow rate of hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic cylinders 401 of the corresponding production zone to effect the piston 402 motion. In this embodiment, the hydraulic pipeline includes a first sub-pipe 410 and a second sub-pipe 411, the hydraulic cylinder 401 of each production zone is connected to one first sub-pipe 410 and one second sub-pipe 411, the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic valves, the first sub-pipe 410 of each hydraulic cylinder 401 is connected to one electromagnetic valve, and the second sub-pipe 411 is connected to one electromagnetic valve, so that the hydraulic cylinder 401 of each production zone is controlled by the corresponding electromagnetic valve. The first sub-pipe 410 and the second sub-pipe 411 are located on two sides of the piston 402, and the flow rate of oil in the first sub-pipe 410 and the second sub-pipe 411 is controlled through corresponding electromagnetic valves, so that the sliding action of the piston 402 is realized.
The second transfer passage 408 communicates with the first transfer passage 404 and the lower end of the outer jacket 403. A third flow passage is formed in the outer casing 403, the piston 402 is arranged in the third flow passage and the first flow passage 404 in a penetrating manner, and oil is conveyed uphole through the second flow passage 408, the first flow passage 404, the oil pipe 600, the oil pump 602 and the like. The arrows in the drawing indicate the direction of production fluid transport.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the adjusting through hole 409 is located on one side of the liquid inlet 405, the adjusting through hole 409 is communicated with the liquid inlet 405, and the long axis of the adjusting through hole 409 gradually increases or gradually decreases along the liquid outlet direction of the oil well. In this embodiment, the adjusting through hole 409 has a long gradually-changing hole structure, the length of the opening is smaller than the stroke of the piston 402, and during the sliding process of the piston 402, the liquid inlet 405 may correspond to different positions of the adjusting through hole 409, so that the liquid inlet 405 corresponds to hole portions of different sizes of the adjusting through hole 409, and therefore, the liquid inlet 405 corresponds to different positions of the adjusting through hole 409, and the flow rate of the produced liquid entering the piston 402 from the liquid inlet 405 is different.
Specifically, the signal processor 102 generates a control instruction according to the state parameter, and sends the control instruction to the ground hydraulic subsystem 200, the solenoid valve of the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 operates, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the first sub-pipe 410 and the second sub-pipe 411 increases or decreases (the flow rate in the first sub-pipe 410 increases and the flow rate in the second sub-pipe 411 decreases, and the flow rate in the first sub-pipe 410 decreases and the flow rate in the second sub-pipe 411 increases), and the piston 402 moves to adjust the position of the portion of the through hole 409 corresponding to the liquid inlet 405, so that the flow rate of the produced liquid entering the flow control device 400 can be adjusted, and the flow rate of the produced liquid output from the oil pipe 600 can be changed. The produced fluid of the production zone enters the second overflowing channel 408 from the fluid inlet 405, and is conveyed uphole together with the produced fluid of other production zones entering from the lower connector 407 through the second overflowing channel 408, the first overflowing channel 404, the upper connector 406, the oil pipe 600, the oil well pump 602 and the like.
In a possible implementation, the piston 402 may move to change the opening of the inlet 405 from 0% to 100%, and the opening curve of the adjusting through hole 409 may be set according to the flow characteristics to meet different flow control requirements. Wherein the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 is a ground hydraulic station.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an intelligent well completion method based on optical fiber monitoring and zonal flow control, which is applied to the monitoring system of the first embodiment, and includes the following steps:
step 1, the ground signal processing subsystem 100 generates an excitation light source for the sensing optical fiber 301.
And 2, after receiving the excitation light source, the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 detects the state of the produced layer and returns a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem 100, and the sensing optical fiber 301 returns a second optical signal. In this step, the state of the zone includes temperature, pressure and flow. The sensing fiber 301 uses the incident laser pulse to excite the corresponding backscatter spectrum signals, i.e., rayleigh, brillouin and raman scattering spectra, in the sensing fiber 301, so as to continuously sense the temperature, pressure, stress, acoustic waves, and the like of all the downhole production zones to be measured. The first optical signal includes a plurality of optical signals, and the second optical signal also includes a plurality of optical signals, for example, an optical signal indicating temperature, an optical signal indicating flow rate, an optical signal indicating sound wave, and the like.
And 3, demodulating the first optical signal and the second optical signal by the ground signal processing subsystem 100 to generate a state parameter, and generating a control instruction according to the state parameter. In this step, the state parameters include various parameters indicated in the first optical signal and the second optical signal, such as a temperature value, a pressure value, a flow value, and a sound wave value. The ground signal processing subsystem 100 processes the state parameters and generates a control command, and the control command is used for controlling the work of the ground hydraulic subsystem 200.
And 4, the ground signal processing subsystem 100 sends the control command to the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 and stores the state parameters.
And step 5, the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 controls the flow control device 400 to act. The flow control device 400 acts to effect adjustment of the amount of downhole produced fluid.
And 6, continuously detecting the state of the produced layer by the optical fiber sensor assembly 302, returning a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem 100, and continuously returning a second optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem 100 by the sensing optical fiber 301. In this step, after the flow control device 400 adjusts the flow, the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem 300 continuously monitors to cyclically control the flow control device 400 to adjust the flow, so as to adjust the flow in real time and achieve more accurate control.
Example four
In this embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, an intelligent well completion method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control is further defined, and this embodiment is applied to the monitoring system of the second embodiment, where the ground signal processing subsystem 100 includes: a server 101 and a signal processor 102.
The specific steps of the step 1 are as follows: the signal processor 102 generates an excitation light source for the sensing fiber 301.
The specific steps of the step 2 are as follows: the optical fiber sensor assembly 302 receives the excitation light source and then detects the state of the produced layer, and returns a first optical signal to the signal processor 102, and the sensing optical fiber 301 returns a second optical signal.
The specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: the signal processor 102 demodulates the first optical signal and the second optical signal to generate a state parameter, and generates a control instruction according to the state parameter. The signal processor 102 processes the state parameters and generates control commands for controlling the operation of the ground hydraulic subsystem 200.
The specific steps of the step 4 are as follows: the server 101 stores the state parameters and the signal processor 102 sends control instructions to the surface hydraulic subsystem 200.
The flow control device 400 includes a hydraulic cylinder 401, a piston 402, and an outer jacket 403.
The specific steps of the step 5 are as follows: the surface hydraulic subsystem 200 controls the actuation of the piston 402 of the flow control device 400. In this step, the ground hydraulic subsystem 200 controls the electromagnetic valve to work, the flow of the hydraulic oil in the first sub-pipe 410 and the second sub-pipe 411 increases or decreases, and the piston 402 moves to adjust the position of the corresponding part of the adjusting through hole 409 and the liquid inlet 405, so that the flow of the produced liquid entering the flow control device 400 can be adjusted, and the flow of the produced liquid output from the oil pipe 600 can be changed.
And 6, continuously detecting the state of the produced layer by the optical fiber sensor assembly 302, returning a first optical signal to the signal processor 102, and continuously returning a second optical signal to the signal processor 102 by the sensing optical fiber 301.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent well completion system based on fiber optic monitoring and zonal flow control, comprising: a surface signal processing subsystem (100), a surface hydraulic subsystem (200), a downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem (300), and a plurality of flow control devices (400);
the downhole dynamic monitoring subsystem (300) comprises a sensing optical fiber (301) and a plurality of optical fiber sensor assemblies (302);
the sensing optical fiber (301) penetrates through the oil well casing (500), extends along the oil well, is positioned on one side of an oil pipe (600) of the oil well, and is connected with the ground signal processing subsystem (100) at the upper end;
the optical fiber sensor assembly (302) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the oil pipe (600) and is connected with the sensing optical fiber (301);
the ground signal processing subsystem (100) is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem (200) through a control cable;
the flow control device (400) is connected with the oil pipe (600) and is connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem (200);
wherein at least one fiber optic sensor assembly (302) is disposed in each zone of the well, and wherein one flow control device (400) is disposed in each zone of the well.
2. An intelligent completion system based on fiber optic monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 1, wherein the sensing fiber (301) is anchored on one side of the tubing (600) through a wellhead christmas tree (501).
3. An intelligent completion system based on fiber optic monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 2, wherein said surface signal processing subsystem (100) comprises: a server (101) and a signal processor (102);
the server (101) is electrically connected with the signal processor (102);
and the signal processor (102) is connected with the sensing optical fiber (301) and is electrically connected with the ground hydraulic subsystem (200) through a control cable.
4. An intelligent completion system based on fiber optic monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 3, wherein said fiber optic sensor assembly (302) comprises: a fiber optic temperature pressure sensor (303) and a fiber optic flow sensor (304).
5. An intelligent completion system based on fiber monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 4, wherein said flow control device (400) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (401), a piston (402) and an outer sheath (403);
the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is fixedly connected with the oil pipe (600), the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer casing (403), and a first overflowing channel (404) is formed; the hydraulic cylinder (401) is connected with an electromagnetic valve of the ground hydraulic subsystem (200) through a hydraulic pipeline;
the lower end of the outer protective cylinder (403) is fixedly connected with the oil pipe (600), and a liquid inlet (405) is formed in the cylinder wall;
the piston (402) is slidably arranged in the first overflowing channel (404) and the outer protective cylinder (403) in a penetrating manner, the upper end of the piston is slidably connected with the hydraulic cylinder (401), a second overflowing channel (408) is arranged, and an adjusting through hole (409) is formed in the side wall of the piston;
the second overflowing channel (408) is communicated with the first overflowing channel (404) and the lower end of the outer casing (403);
the adjusting through hole (409) is located on one side of the liquid inlet (405) and communicated with the liquid inlet (405), and the long axis of the adjusting through hole (409) is gradually increased or decreased along the liquid outlet direction of the oil well.
6. An intelligent well completion method based on optical fiber monitoring and layered flow control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a ground signal processing subsystem (100) generates an excitation light source for a sensing optical fiber (301);
step 2, detecting the state of the stratum in which the optical fiber sensor assembly (302) is positioned after receiving the excitation light source, returning a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem (100), and returning a second optical signal to the sensing optical fiber (301);
step 3, the ground signal processing subsystem (100) demodulates the first optical signal and the second optical signal to generate a state parameter, and generates a control instruction according to the state parameter;
step 4, the ground signal processing subsystem (100) sends the control command to a ground hydraulic subsystem (200) and stores the state parameter;
step 5, the ground hydraulic subsystem (200) controls the flow control device (400) to act;
and 6, continuously detecting the state of the stratum where the optical fiber sensor assembly (302) is located and returning a first optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem (100), and continuously returning a second optical signal to the ground signal processing subsystem (100) by the sensing optical fiber (301).
7. An intelligent completion method based on fiber monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 6, wherein the surface signal processing subsystem (100) comprises: a server (101) and a signal processor (102);
the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows: the signal processor (102) generates an excitation light source for the sensing optical fiber (301);
the specific steps of the step 2 are as follows: the optical fiber sensor assembly (302) receives the excitation light source, then detects the state of the produced layer and returns a first optical signal to the signal processor (102), and the sensing optical fiber (301) returns a second optical signal;
the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: the signal processor (102) demodulates the first optical signal and the second optical signal to generate a state parameter, and generates a control instruction according to the state parameter;
the specific steps of the step 4 are as follows: the server (101) stores the state parameters, and the signal processor (102) sends the control instructions to the ground hydraulic subsystem (200).
8. An intelligent completion method based on fiber monitoring and zonal flow control according to claim 7, wherein said flow control device (400) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (401), a piston (402) and an outer sheath (403);
the specific steps of the step 5 are as follows: the surface hydraulic subsystem (200) controls the actuation of the piston (402) of the flow control device (400).
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