CN113150509B - Bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of polymer material processing. The bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material of the present invention is prepared by the following method: mix and disperse the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2-1:2-5 to obtain a mixture A; Blend the surfactant and deionized water at a mass ratio of 0.4-1:50-80, heat and stir to obtain a transparent solution B; pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain the emulsion C ; The high-speed stirring speed is 3000～5000 rpm, and the shearing time of high-speed stirring is 5～6min; The emulsion C is removed from the solvent, cleaned and dried to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D; the bamboo powder D and PBAT The mass ratio is 10-50:50-90 by mixing, extruding and granulating. The bamboo powder of the invention has good compatibility with the resin matrix, and the obtained PBAT-based composite material has excellent mechanical properties.

Description

Bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of polymer material processing.

Background technique

Plastic has been widely used in our daily life since its invention. While bringing great convenience to public life, a huge amount of non-degradable plastics has also caused serious pollution to the environment. According to the statistics of the China Plastics Processing Industry Association, in 2018, my country produced a total of 60.4215 million tons of plastic products in the whole year, and the cumulative consumption of plastic products in the whole year exceeded 133.14 million tons, of which 30% and about 40 million tons were used for food packaging, disposable tableware, Shopping bags, etc., 40% of these products, about 16 million tons, eventually become "white pollution", which has caused huge pressure on the environment and has reached the point where it has to be treated. The use of biodegradable plastics to replace traditional plastics has become the plastic industry. development trend.

PBAT is a copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate, which has good ductility and elongation at break, as well as good heat resistance and impact performance. As an aliphatic Polyester, which is completely biodegradable, is currently one of the most active biodegradable plastics in research and one of the best degradable materials in the market. Biodegradable plastics can be divided into bio-based biodegradable materials and petrochemical-based biodegradable materials according to their sources. Among them, PBAT belongs to petrochemical-based biodegradable plastics. It has abundant petroleum refining resources in China, and the petrochemical system also has abundant polyester production lines. Therefore, The production of PBAT has a complete industrial production technology reserve, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Bamboo powder is a natural material obtained by drying and crushing bamboo. Its main component is plant fiber, which has the advantages of light weight, large aspect ratio, high specific strength, large specific surface area and biodegradability. Therefore, bamboo powder and biodegradable PBAT polyester are prepared into a new composite material, which not only retains the characteristics of complete biodegradability, but also integrates many advantages of plant fibers and polymer materials, and improves the matrix resin The mechanical properties have expanded the scope of application of composite materials, and transformed bamboo powder into high value-added products, reducing the use of traditional composite materials and reducing white pollution.

Patent application CN111548611A discloses a high-density bamboo powder/PBAT/polylactic acid biodegradable plastic and its preparation method. The groups on the macromolecular chains of cellulose, PLA and PBAT are activated under the action of biological enzymes, and then melted at high temperature. Cross-linking occurs in the state, making full use of the good softness and ductility of the PBAT molecular segment to improve the toughness and impact resistance of the composite material, and the prepared high-density bamboo powder/PBAT/polylactic acid biodegradable plastic is safe, environmentally friendly and easy to use. Degradation has broad application prospects, but its preparation method is complicated and the preparation time is long, which limits its practical application.

Xie Xiwei, Weng Yunxuan, Zhang Caili, et al. Effect of aluminate compatibilized modified bamboo powder on the properties of PBAT/BF composites[J]. China Plastics, 2020, 034(004): 78-83. The article published a method using Aluminate modified bamboo powder is used to improve the interfacial compatibility with PBAT, and the surface of bamboo powder is physically or chemically modified to improve its surface hydrophobicity; the process is relatively simple, and its cost is also low, but adding bamboo powder After that, the elongation at break decreased significantly, and the tensile strength and impact strength also decreased with the increase of bamboo powder addition.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material.

In order to achieve the above object, bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material of the present invention adopts following method to prepare:

a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending at a ratio of 50 to 80 to obtain a transparent solution B;

b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes;

c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D;

d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is preferably 140 to 150 ℃.

In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh.

In a specific embodiment, the cleaning method of the bamboo powder described in step a is: mixing the bamboo powder and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:20 to 40, then simultaneously stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and then filtering, Repeat washing 2 to 3 times, and dry to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2 to 4%; the stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100 to 200 rpm; the ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40 to 60 min; the drying process It is preferably dried at 70-80°C for 24-30 hours.

In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of PBAT and chloroform in the PBAT chloroform solution in step a is 0.2 to 1:2 to 5; preferably, the PBAT chloroform solution is a mixture of PBAT and chloroform After mixing, simultaneously stir, sonicate, and heat to obtain a transparent PBAT/chloroform solution;

Preferably, the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic treatment time is 40-50 min; the heating temperature is 40-45°C.

In a specific embodiment, the surfactant in step a is one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium glycocholate.

In a specific embodiment, the solvent removal method in step c is distillation; the cleaning in step c is to mix the distilled product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4-1:50-80 , heated and stirred, filtered, and then repeatedly washed 2 to 3 times, dried and dehydrated to obtain surface-treated bamboo powder D;

The heating temperature is 70-85° C.; preferably the distillation temperature is 80-85° C.; the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm.

Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material.

To achieve the second purpose of the present invention, the method comprises the steps of:

a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending at a ratio of 50 to 80, heating and stirring to obtain a transparent solution B;

b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes;

c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D;

d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is preferably 140 to 150 ℃;

The surfactant described in step a is preferably one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium glycocholate.

In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh.

In a specific embodiment, the cleaning method of the bamboo powder described in step a is: mixing the bamboo powder and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:20 to 40, then simultaneously stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and then filtering, Repeat washing for 2 to 3 times, and dry to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2 to 4%.

The stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40-60 minutes; the drying process is preferably 70-80° C. for 24-30 hours.

In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of PBAT and chloroform in the PBAT chloroform solution in step a is 0.2 to 1:2 to 5; preferably, the PBAT chloroform solution is a mixture of PBAT and chloroform After mixing, simultaneously stir, sonicate, and heat to obtain a transparent PBAT/chloroform solution;

Preferably, the stirring speed in step a is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic treatment time is 40-50 min; the heating temperature is 40-45°C;

The method for removing the solvent in step c is distillation; the cleaning in step c is to mix the distilled product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1:50 to 80, heat and stir, filter, and repeat Wash 2 to 3 times, dry and remove water to obtain surface-treated bamboo powder D; preferably, the temperature of distillation in step c is 80 to 85°C; the temperature of heating is 70 to 85°C; the speed of stirring is 100 to 100°C. 200 rpm.

Beneficial effect:

The present invention adopts the bamboo powder fiber from nature as the filler, because the surface of the plant fiber contains a large amount of polar functional groups such as hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, has strong hydrophilicity and chemical polarity, and the interfacial phase between it and the hydrophobic resin Capacitance is extremely poor, which affects the reinforcing effect of fiber on resin. The present invention uses extremely dilute resin solution to coat bamboo powder fiber under the effect of high-speed shearing, directly improves the compatibility of bamboo powder and resin matrix, and obtains Degradable PBAT-based composites with excellent mechanical properties.

Detailed ways

In order to achieve the above object, bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material of the present invention adopts following method to prepare:

a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending at a ratio of 50 to 80, heating and stirring to obtain a transparent solution B;

b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes;

c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D;

d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is preferably 140 to 150 ℃.

In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh.

In a specific embodiment, the cleaning method of the bamboo powder described in step a is: mixing the bamboo powder and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:20 to 40, then simultaneously stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and then filtering, Repeat washing 2 to 3 times, and dry to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2 to 4%; the stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100 to 200 rpm; the ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40 to 60 min; the drying process It is preferably dried at 70-80°C for 24-30 hours.

In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of PBAT and chloroform in the PBAT chloroform solution in step a is 0.2 to 1:2 to 5; preferably, the PBAT chloroform solution is a mixture of PBAT and chloroform After mixing, simultaneously stir, sonicate, and heat to obtain a transparent PBAT/chloroform solution;

Preferably, the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic treatment time is 40-50 min; the heating temperature is 40-45°C.

In a specific embodiment, the surfactant in step a is one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium glycocholate.

In a specific embodiment, the solvent removal method in step c is distillation; the cleaning in step c is to mix the distilled product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4-1:50-80 , heated and stirred, filtered, and then repeatedly washed 2 to 3 times, dried and dehydrated to obtain surface-treated bamboo powder D;

The heating temperature is 70-85° C.; preferably the distillation temperature is 80-85° C.; the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm.

Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material.

To achieve the second purpose of the present invention, the method comprises the steps of:

a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending at a ratio of 50 to 80, heating and stirring to obtain a transparent solution B;

b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes;

c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D;

d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is preferably 140 to 150 ℃;

The surfactant described in step a is preferably one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium glycocholate.

In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh.

In a specific embodiment, the cleaning method of the bamboo powder described in step a is: mixing the bamboo powder and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:20 to 40, then simultaneously stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and then filtering, Repeat washing for 2 to 3 times, and dry to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2 to 4%.

The stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40-60 minutes; the drying process is preferably 70-80° C. for 24-30 hours.

In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of PBAT and chloroform in the PBAT chloroform solution in step a is 0.2 to 1:2 to 5; preferably, the PBAT chloroform solution is a mixture of PBAT and chloroform After mixing, simultaneously stir, sonicate, and heat to obtain a transparent PBAT/chloroform solution;

Preferably, the stirring speed in step a is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic treatment time is 40-50 min; the heating temperature is 40-45°C;

The method for removing the solvent in step c is distillation; the cleaning in step c is to mix the distilled product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1:50 to 80, heat and stir, filter, and repeat Wash 2 to 3 times, dry and remove water to obtain surface-treated bamboo powder D; preferably, the temperature of distillation in step c is 80 to 85°C; the temperature of heating is 70 to 85°C; the speed of stirring is 100 to 100°C. 200 rpm.

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

Example 1

Step 1: Take bamboo powder with a particle size of 200 mesh and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:40 and perform ultrasonic treatment under the condition of additional stirring. The ultrasonic treatment time is 50 minutes, the stirring speed is 150 rpm, and the time is up. Afterwards, filter under reduced pressure, repeat the above operation twice to obtain the washed bamboo powder, place it in a high-temperature oven to dry and remove water, the temperature is set to 80°C, and the drying time is set to 24h to obtain a water content of about 3%. bamboo powder;

In step 2, PBAT and chloroform were subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a mass ratio of 1:10 under additional stirring and heating conditions. The ultrasonic treatment time was 50 minutes, the stirring speed was 150 rpm, and the heating temperature was 45°C. Obtain transparent PBAT/chloroform solution;

Step 3, take the bamboo powder treated in step 1 and the PBAT/chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 1:10 and carry out ultrasonic treatment under the condition of additional stirring. The ultrasonic treatment time is 50min, and the stirring speed is 200 rpm. points to obtain a mixture;

Step 4: Heat and stir sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:80 to obtain a transparent solution, pour it into a high-speed agitator, and slowly pour it into the solution described in step 3 under high-speed stirring The mixture, the stirring speed is 5000 rpm, and the shearing time is 5min to obtain the emulsion;

Step 5, distill the emulsion described in step 4 to remove the solvent, the distillation temperature is 80°C, mix the obtained dry product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:40, heat and stir, and the heating temperature is 80°C, The stirring speed is 150 rpm, filtered under reduced pressure, washed repeatedly 2 to 3 times, and dried in an oven at 85 degrees Celsius for 24 hours to obtain the surface-coated bamboo powder.

Take the prepared surface-treated bamboo powder and PBAT and carry out extrusion granulation according to the mass ratio of 10-30:70-90. The formula table is shown in Table 1, and the extrusion temperature is 140 ° C. The PBAT biodegradable material is injected into a standard sample by an injection molding machine, and the obtained sample is tested for mechanical and tensile properties according to national standards.

Example 2

Except that the addition of the bamboo powder of surface coating is different, formula table is as shown in table 1, and other conditions are all with embodiment 1.

Example 3

Except that the addition of the bamboo powder of surface coating is different, formula table is as shown in table 1, and other conditions are all with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 1

Take the washed bamboo powder without surface treatment and PBAT according to the mass ratio of 10-30:70-90 for extrusion granulation, the formula table is shown in Table 2, the extrusion temperature is 140 ° C, and the injection molding machine is injected As standard splines, the obtained samples were tested for mechanical tensile properties according to national standards.

Comparative example 2

Except that the amount of bamboo powder added is different, other conditions are the same as Comparative Example 1.

Comparative example 3

Except that the amount of bamboo powder added is different, other conditions are the same as Comparative Example 1.

The formula ratio (mass parts) of table 1 experimental example 1～3

formula Experimental example 1 Experimental example 2 Experimental example 3 Bamboo powder after surface coating 10 20 30 PBAT 90 80 70

The formula ratio (number of parts by mass) of comparative example 1～3 of table 2

formula Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 bamboo powder 10 20 30 PBAT 90 80 70

After performance testing, the performance parameters of the composite materials prepared in Experimental Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are listed in Table 3.

Table 3 The performance parameters of the composite materials prepared by experimental examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3

As can be seen from Table 3, in the case of bamboo powder treated by surface coating, the PBAT enhancement effect is significantly improved. In Experimental Example 3, the tensile strength can reach 21.2MPa, and its elongation at break still remains 375%. Compared with the traditional method of adding compatibilizer, this implementation method is simple, does not need to add other additives, and greatly improves the mechanical properties. In the case of adding 20 parts, the modified bamboo powder is better than that of pure bamboo powder. Tensile strength increased by 16.7%.

Claims (18)

1. bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material, it is characterized in that, described material adopts following method to prepare: a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending in a ratio of 50 to 80 to obtain a transparent solution B, the mass ratio of PBAT and chloroform in the PBAT chloroform solution described in step a is 0.2 to 1:2 to 5; b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes; c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D; d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is 140 to 150°C . 2. The bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh. 3. the bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the cleaning method of bamboo powder described in a step is: bamboo powder and deionized water are 0.2～1 with mass ratio: After mixing in a ratio of 20 to 40, stirring at the same time, ultrasonic treatment, filtering, repeated washing 2 to 3 times, and drying to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2 to 4%; the stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100 to 200 rpm; The ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40-60 minutes. 4. The bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 3, characterized in that, the drying process is drying at 70-80° C. for 24-30 hours. 5. according to claim 1 and 2 described bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable materials, it is characterized in that, the PBAT chloroform solution described in a step is to stir simultaneously after PBAT and chloroform are mixed, ultrasonic treatment, heating obtains Clear PBAT solution in chloroform. 6. bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the speed of described stirring is 100～200 rev/min; The time of ultrasonic treatment is 40～50min; The temperature of heating is 40～ 45°C. 7. bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the tensio-active agent described in a step is a kind of in sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium glycocholate or Various. 8. bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the method for removing solvent described in c step is distillation; The cleaning described in c step is the product after distillation and deionization Water is mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.4-1:50-80, heated and stirred, filtered, and then repeatedly washed 2 to 3 times, dried to remove water, and the surface-treated bamboo powder D is obtained; The heating temperature is 70-85°C. 9. The bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 8, characterized in that, the temperature of the distillation is 80-85° C.; the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm. 10. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material as described in any one of claim 1～9, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps: a. Mix the cleaned bamboo powder and PBAT chloroform solution in a mass ratio of 0.2 to 1:2 to 5 and disperse evenly to obtain mixture A; the surfactant and deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1 : blending at a ratio of 50 to 80, heating and stirring to obtain a transparent solution B; b. Pour the transparent solution B into the mixture A under high-speed stirring to obtain emulsion C; the high-speed stirring speed is 3000-5000 rpm, and the shear time of high-speed stirring is 5-6 minutes; c. removing the solvent from the emulsion C, cleaning and drying to obtain the surface-treated bamboo powder D; d. Bamboo powder D and PBAT are mixed and extruded in a mass ratio of 10 to 50:50 to 90 to obtain bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material; the extruding temperature is 140 to 150°C . 11. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 10, is characterized in that, the tensio-active agent described in step a is the one in sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium glycocholate or more. 12. The preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 10, characterized in that the particle size of the bamboo powder in step a is 50-3000 mesh. 13. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, the cleaning method of bamboo powder described in a step is: bamboo powder and deionized water are 0.2～1 with mass ratio : 20-40% mixed, stirred at the same time, ultrasonic treatment, then filtered, repeated washing 2-3 times, dried to obtain bamboo powder with a water content of 2-4%; The stirring speed of the cleaning process is 100-200 rpm; the ultrasonic time of the cleaning process is 40-60 minutes. 14. The preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 13, characterized in that, the drying process is drying at 70-80° C. for 24-30 hours. 15. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 10, is characterized in that, in the PBAT chloroform solution described in a step, PBAT and chloroform are 0.2 ~ 1:2 ~ with mass ratio 5; The method for removing the solvent in step c is distillation; the cleaning in step c is to mix the distilled product with deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.4 to 1:50 to 80, heat and stir, filter, and repeat Wash 2 to 3 times, dry and remove water, and obtain surface-treated bamboo powder D. 16. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described PBAT chloroform solution is to stir simultaneously after PBAT and chloroform are mixed, sonication, heating obtains transparent Chloroform solution of PBAT. 17. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the speed of stirring described in a step is 100～200 rev/min; The time of ultrasonic treatment is 40～50min; Heating The temperature is 40 ~ 45 ℃. 18. the preparation method of bamboo powder/PBAT biodegradable material according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the temperature of the described distillation of c step is 80～85 ℃; The temperature of described heating is 70～85 ℃; The speed is 100-200 rpm.