CN113149161B - High-flux rotary disc sewage magnetic separation device and separation method - Google Patents
High-flux rotary disc sewage magnetic separation device and separation method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/481—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using permanent magnets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/488—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高通量旋转圆盘污水磁分离装置及分离方法，该装置包括固定在地面上的箱槽系统、磁性圆盘分选系统、自动控制系统，箱槽系统中包括给料口、混料刀、出水口、出料斗、电动机和刮刀，磁性圆盘分选系统包括磁性圆盘、旋转轴和电机，磁性圆盘通过由永磁体加工的磁块组装而成。所述的自动控制系统包括磁性物料检测器、控制柜和PC。通过自动控制系统控制给料口水泵、混料刀、磁性圆盘工作，由混料刀将给入箱槽的物料混匀，磁性圆盘不间断的将磁性物料分离并通过刮刀卸料。该装置将磁场和机械力有机结合，应用于磁性颗粒物的高效分离，且利用该装置用于废水或矿浆中过程简单、操作方便，同时能耗较低，能连续处理给料，满足工业化生产。
The invention discloses a high-throughput rotating disc sewage magnetic separation device and separation method. The device comprises a box trough system fixed on the ground, a magnetic disc sorting system, and an automatic control system. The box trough system comprises a feed port, a mixing knife, a water outlet, a discharge hopper, a motor and a scraper. The magnetic disc sorting system comprises a magnetic disc, a rotating shaft and a motor. The magnetic disc is assembled by a magnetic block processed by a permanent magnet. The automatic control system comprises a magnetic material detector, a control cabinet and a PC. The feed port water pump, the mixing knife and the magnetic disc are controlled by the automatic control system to work. The mixing knife mixes the materials fed into the box trough, and the magnetic disc continuously separates the magnetic materials and discharges them through the scraper. The device organically combines magnetic field and mechanical force, and is applied to the efficient separation of magnetic particles. The process of using the device in wastewater or ore slurry is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, the energy consumption is low, and the feed can be continuously processed to meet industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-flux rotary disc sewage magnetic separation device, belongs to the field of water treatment, and mainly relates to purification of solid suspended matters, organic matters and heavy metal ions.
Background
The problem of high-efficiency solid-liquid separation is necessarily faced in the water treatment process, and the traditional solid-liquid separation technology is mainly focused on the aspects of filtration, pressure filtration, gravity sedimentation and the like. First, for the filtration technology, a disc filter is basically used in industry, solid-liquid separation is performed by vacuum to form a filter cake, and the filtrate is recycled, but the dehydration effect on viscous materials is poor. The sedimentation technology has wide application range, and is widely seen in concentrating mills and water plants, such as various sedimentation tanks, clarification tanks, concentration tanks and the like. The sedimentation process and the equipment used are relatively simple, so that gravity sedimentation is the cheapest among various solid-liquid separation technologies. Some materials which are difficult to filter can be effectively separated by a sedimentation method, but the separation efficiency is low, the occupied area is large, and the superfine particle treatment effect is not ideal. And the dry separation technology is mostly used for concentrate dehydration in cold areas to prevent freezing of vehicles. The screening separation technology is mainly applied to the dehydration of bulk materials. Although the traditional solid-liquid separation technology plays a very important role in the industrial and mining development of countries around the world, the development of the times requires that the solid-liquid separation technology is more advanced and more accurate and is applied to modern industrial and mining enterprises and even family life.
The water treatment solid suspension has the characteristics of low solid content, fine granularity, low specific gravity and the like, and the ideal effect is difficult to achieve by the traditional solid-liquid separation. The magnetic separation technology is a physical separation method for separating substances with different magnetism by virtue of the action of magnetic force. The magnetic separation technology can be said to be an older and more mature technology, and is applied to the mineral separation and porcelain clay industries at the earliest. In 1845, the united states issued a patent on an industrial magnetic separator. The magnetic separation technology is widely applied to the fields of ore selection, coal desulfurization, iron removal of glass, cement and the like, purification of kaolin, cell separation in bioengineering, catalyst recovery in petrochemical industry and the like as a separation means of two or more substances with magnetic differences. The magnetic separation technology is used for water treatment engineering, and can be called as an emerging technology. From the 60 s of the last century, the Soviet Union method is used for treating dust-removing wastewater of steel plants, the 60 s is last, the U.S. MIT professor kemu invention high gradient magnetic filter is used for treating wastewater of steel, food, chemical industry, papermaking and the like by using the magnetic flocculation method and the high gradient magnetic separation method in the 70 s. In 1974 sweden, the disc method was started to treat steel rolling wastewater, and then in 75 japan, a disc type "two second separator" was developed. In China, from the middle 70 s to the beginning 80 s, a magnetic coagulation method, a magnetic disk method and a high gradient magnetic separation method are used for treating steel-making and steel-rolling wastewater. In recent years, the magnetic separation technology has achieved a certain research result in the treatment of electroplating wastewater, phenolic wastewater, lake water, food fermentation wastewater, municipal wastewater, steel wastewater, kitchen wastewater, slaughter wastewater, petroleum produced water and the like, and has been well applied to the actual wastewater treatment.
The magnetic separation equipment mainly comprises two main types of HGMS and a disc type magnetic separator. HGMS is characterized by a high gradient and REMAGDISCTM in disk-type magnetic separators are well developed because of the high field strength. The superconducting magnetic separator has the characteristics of both the two, but the practical application is still immature. Since Kolm et al succeeded in developing the 1 st high gradient magnetic separation experimental apparatus at the end of the 60 th century, the development of high gradient magnetic separators has been rapidly developed. At present, various high-gradient magnetic separators, such as Sala type high-gradient magnetic separators, VMS type high-gradient magnetic separators, imitated Jones SHP series wet type strong magnetic separators, slon type pulse high-gradient vertical ring magnetic separators, SSS-II type double-frequency pulse double-vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separators and DMG type vertical ring pulse high-gradient magnetic separators, are all electromagnetic magnetic systems, and therefore, the high-gradient magnetic separators have the advantages of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, high energy consumption, high water consumption and small treatment capacity. And the existing magnetic separator is mainly focused on the separation of magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials, and is not suitable for the field of water treatment.
Therefore, the design of the novel magnetic separator which can be used for separating magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials and also can be used in the water treatment field has great significance for the water treatment field in China and even the world.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of large water consumption, small treatment capacity, complex structure and the like in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the magnetic separation device with low cost and high efficiency, which can realize continuous separation of liquid and solid, has large treatment capacity, is convenient to operate, does not need water and is beneficial to industrial application.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a high-flux rotary disc sewage magnetic separation device, which comprises a tank and a magnetic disc separation system, wherein a sewage treatment cavity with sealed periphery and bottom and open top is arranged in the tank, one side of the sewage treatment cavity is a scraping area, the other side of the sewage treatment cavity is a feeding area, a feeding hole and a mixing device are arranged in the feeding area in the sewage treatment cavity, a water outlet and the magnetic disc separation system are arranged in the scraping area, the magnetic disc separation system comprises a magnetic disc, a rotary shaft and a rotary magnetic disc motor, the rotary shaft is horizontally arranged on the tank, the magnetic disc is arranged on the rotary shaft, the magnetic disc is driven to rotate by the rotary magnetic disc motor, at least part of the magnetic disc is arranged in the sewage treatment cavity, the scraping area is provided with a discharge hole on the side wall of the tank, the tank is fixedly provided with scraper groups matched with the positions and the number of the magnetic disc, the scraper groups are formed by two scraper groups arranged on the two sides of the magnetic disc, the distance between the scraper and the magnetic disc is smaller than the diameter of the magnetic disc, and the magnetic disc is correspondingly provided with the discharge hole below the discharge hole on the outer side of the tank.
In this embodiment, compounding device includes compounding sword, crank rocker mechanism and compounding sword motor, the compounding sword sets up the bottom at sewage treatment cavity, the compounding sword motor passes through crank rocker mechanism and drives compounding sword round trip movement in sewage treatment cavity bottom.
In this embodiment, still include automatic control system, automatic control system includes magnetic material detector, switch board and PC, the switch board is connected with feed inlet water pump, compounding sword motor, rotatory magnetic disc motor, magnetic material detector, the PC that are used for the feed inlet to intaking, magnetic material detector is located the delivery port, and magnetic material detector is connected with the PC, and magnetic material detector dynamic detection delivery port is interior the content of magnetic material, feeds back the data to the PC, and the PC is according to magnetic material content, sets for magnetic disc rotational speed and feed inlet water pump's feed speed through the switch board.
In this embodiment, the magnetic disk is a magnetic disk processed by a permanent magnet.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the magnetic disk is close to the bottom of the sewage treatment cavity, and does not interfere with the mixing knife.
In the embodiment, an included angle of 10-30 degrees is formed between the scraper and the side face of the magnetic disc, and the edge part of the scraper is in contact with the magnetic disc.
In this embodiment, the feed port is disposed at the bottom of one side of the tank, and the water outlet is disposed at the bottom of the other side of the tank, and is disposed opposite to the feed port.
In this embodiment, the magnetic disc is formed by fixing a plurality of magnetic blocks between two symmetrical metal disc molds.
In this embodiment, a plurality of parallel and equidistant magnetic disks are mounted on the rotating shaft.
A method for separating magnetic particles in sewage, utilizing the high flux rotary disc sewage magnetic separation device, firstly throwing magnetic particles in sewage to adsorb materials, enabling the sewage with the magnetic particles to adsorb materials to enter a tank from a feeding port, starting a mixing knife motor and a rotary magnetic disc motor to respectively drive a mixing knife and a magnetic disc sorting system to rotate, adsorbing the materials with the magnetic particles on a magnetic disc, rotating the magnetic disc to a scraper along with the magnetic disc, scraping the magnetic materials to a discharge hopper for discharging, and discharging non-magnetic materials from a water outlet.
The design principle is based on the principle that the magnetic disc is mainly based on the magnetic separation principle, magnetic components are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic disc under the action of the permanent magnet and driven to the scraper by the rotating shaft to be separated, and the non-magnetic components are separated from the tank in a fixed area under the action of gravity, so that the separation of the magnetic components and the non-magnetic components is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The unloading scheme adopted by the invention is that the scraper is used for scraping the materials from the magnetic disc, so that the automatic unloading can be continuously and efficiently carried out in the working process, and the materials can directly enter the unloading area to be processed in the next step. And the scheme of adopting the scraper to unload makes unnecessary the water to unload, can reduce the water consumption of device, and the scraper is wear-resisting and easily changes the maintenance, with low costs.
The invention can work by using a plurality of magnetic rotating discs at the same time, has simple device and can realize mass material separation rapidly, efficiently and with low cost.
The invention has small occupied area, simple structure and easy maintenance, and is suitable for being used in various working environments.
The rotary disc magnetic separation device can be continuously operated in the material treatment process, has simple process, convenient operation and automation, and meets the requirement of industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a tank; 2, a feeding port, 3, a magnetic disc sorting system, 4, a scraper, 5, a discharge hopper, 6, a water outlet, 7, a mixing knife, 8, a mixing knife motor, 9, a magnetic disc, 10, a rotating shaft, 11, a rotating magnetic disc motor, 12, an automatic control system, 13, a magnetic material detector, 14, a control cabinet, 15 and PC.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further specifically described with reference to the drawings and examples, and in order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present patent or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a rotary disc magnetic separation device includes a tank 1 fixed on the ground, a magnetic disc sorting system 3, and an automatic control system 12. The utility model discloses a sewage treatment device, which is characterized in that a sealed sewage treatment cavity is arranged in a tank 1, the sewage treatment cavity is provided with a feeding port2 and a water outlet 6, the feeding port2 is arranged at the bottom of one side of the tank 1, the water outlet 6 is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the tank 1 and is opposite to the feeding port2, a mixing device and a magnetic disc sorting system 3 are arranged in the sewage treatment cavity, the mixing device comprises a mixing blade 7, a crank rocker mechanism and a mixing blade motor 8, the mixing blade 7 is arranged at the bottom of the sewage treatment cavity, the mixing blade motor 8 drives the mixing blade 7 to move back and forth at the bottom of the sewage treatment cavity through the crank rocker mechanism, the magnetic disc sorting system 3 comprises a magnetic disc 9, a rotating shaft 10 and a rotating magnetic disc motor 11, the magnetic disc 9 is processed by a permanent magnet, a plurality of the magnetic discs 9 are arranged on the rotating shaft 10 in parallel and equidistant mode, the rotating shaft 10 is horizontally arranged on the tank 1, the magnetic disc 9 is arranged in the sewage treatment cavity by rotating the magnetic disc motor 11 to drive rotation, preferably, the bottom of the magnetic disc 9 is close to the bottom of the sewage treatment cavity and is not interfered by a mixing knife, one side of the tank 1 is provided with a scraping area, the scraping area is provided with scraper groups matched with the magnetic disc 9 in position and number, each scraper group consists of two scrapers 4 arranged on the magnetic disc 9, the distance between each scraper 4 and the magnetic disc 9 is smaller than the diameter of magnetic materials, the scraping area is provided with a discharge hopper 5 under the scraper group, the magnetic disc 9 continuously moves, so that the magnetic materials in the sewage treatment cavity are uninterruptedly sucked by the magnetic disc 9, and then scraped off from the magnetic disc 9 by the scraper groups, falls into the discharge hopper 5 to be directly discharged. The automatic control system 12 comprises a magnetic material detector 13, a control cabinet 14 and a PC15. The control cabinet 14 is connected with the feed inlet water pump, the mixing knife motor 8, the rotary magnetic disc motor 11, the magnetic material detector 13 and the PC15 and is used for starting the mixing knife motor 8, the rotary magnetic disc motor 11, the magnetic material detector 13, the PC15 and the feed inlet water pump. The magnetic material detector 13 is located in the water outlet 6, the magnetic material detector 1 is connected with the PC15, the magnetic material detector 1 dynamically detects the content of the magnetic material in the water outlet 6, data are fed back to the PC15, and the PC15 sets the rotating speed and the feeding speed of the magnetic disc 9 through the control cabinet according to the content of the magnetic material.
The process of the invention for treating a mixture containing magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles is as follows:
The material is pumped into the tank 1 from the feeding port 2 through the feeding port water pump, the mixing knife motor 8 and the rotary magnetic disc motor 11 are started to respectively drive the mixing knife 7 and the magnetic disc sorting system 3 to rotate, the magnetic particle material is adsorbed onto the magnetic disc 9 and rotates to the scraper 4 along with the magnetic disc 9, the magnetic material is scraped to the discharge hopper 5 for discharging, and the non-magnetic material is discharged from the water outlet 6, so that the separation of the magnetic solid material and the non-magnetic material is realized.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 4, the phosphorus-containing components of the phosphorus-containing starch wastewater are mostly (70-80%) phosphate, and the phosphorus-containing organic matters are the small (20-30%). Ca. The Fe and other metal ions can form phosphate precipitation with phosphate radical to effectively remove most phosphate radical, but the precipitate has fine granularity and strong dispersibility, is extremely difficult to settle and filter, and the magnetic separation technology can perfectly solve the problem, and the magnetic crystal nucleus with specific granularity characteristic has certain adsorption capacity to organic phosphorus on one hand and can be used as magnetic separation crystal nucleus on the other hand, thereby representing a critical effect on the purification treatment of phosphorus-containing starch wastewater. The purification scheme for the Mingyang biochemical phosphorus-containing starch wastewater is a magnetic fluid crystal nucleus induction technology, and specific parameters are that lime (pH 9-10) or ferric salt is used for purifying phosphate radical, the dosage of the magnetic crystal nucleus TK1 is less than 1g/L, PFS, the dosage of the flocculant PAM is 20mg/L, and the dosage of the flocculant PAM is 10-15mg/L.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the purification steps comprise adding lime and a magnetic crystal nucleus TK1 into a tank 1, mechanically stirring for 5min at a rotating speed of 150r/min by a mixing device, adding PFS, mechanically stirring for 5min at a rotating speed of 150r/min by a mixing device, mechanically stirring for 5min at a rotating speed of 100r/min by a mixing device, and carrying out magnetic separation by using the device. The assay results are shown in tables 1 and 2. The purifying result shows that the purifying rate of phosphorus reaches 90%, COD is reduced to a certain extent (due to higher biochemical degradation efficiency, no deep consideration is made), and the introduction of the magnetic crystal nucleus greatly improves the purifying efficiency of the solid suspended matters, and the content of the solid suspended matters is 23mg/L.
TABLE 1 purification test results of starch wastewater
TABLE 2 Metal ion content after starch wastewater purification
Note that "- - -" in the table indicates no detection.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, the rotary disc magnetic separation device is utilized, ethanol and stearic acid are selected to modify Fe3O4 with the mass fraction exceeding 98% for treating oil-polluted deep well groundwater, and the water quality standard of industrial water can be met by combining an active carbon adsorption method.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, the device is used for treating urban sewage, ferroferric oxide with purity more than 98% is selected as a magnetic seed, and under the combined action of coagulant aluminum sulfate and coagulant aid PAM, the removal rates of phosphorus and COD in the sewage are respectively 98.35% and 70.8%.
Example 4
As shown in FIG. 7, the apparatus was used to treat a pickling solution of a plating sludge containing chromium and a pickling solution of laterite-nickel ore. The electroplating sludge pickle liquor is injected into a reaction kettle, stirred at 80r/min and kept at the temperature of 85 ℃. Pre-weighed Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) dust, i.e. magnetic seeds, are added to the reactor vessel in equal amounts regularly throughout the reaction. In addition, the pickling solution of laterite nickel ore (as an additional iron source) is also gradually pumped into the tank throughout the reaction. Sodium hydroxide solution (6.0 mol/L) is pumped in at a fixed rate, and the pH is regulated within the range of 2.5-4.0. Hydrogen peroxide solution (6%) was pumped at a constant rate (0.6 mL/min), fe (II) was slowly oxidized to Fe (III), and a low concentration of iron (< 1 g/L) was maintained in the reactor. The solution is pumped into the device and then magnetically separated by the device.
As shown in tables 3-5, the present process is effective in recovering iron and chromium with less loss of nickel, copper and zinc. For example, at pH 3.0-3.5, the recovery rates of 5g/L magnetic seeds for iron and chromium are 88.33% and 82.24%, respectively, while the losses of nickel, copper and zinc are 5.15%, 3.68% and 9.69%, respectively.
TABLE 3 chemical analysis of electroplating sludge pickle liquor
Table 4 chemical analysis of laterite nickel ore pickle liquor
TABLE 5 grade of different metal ions in products obtained by magnetic separation at different pH values
Example 5
As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus was used to treat an oxygen pressure pickle liquor of vanadium-containing stone coal. Firstly, adding a required amount of magnetic carrier particles (EAF or magnetite sample) into oxygen pressure pickle liquor of vanadium-containing stone coal, stirring at a rotating speed of 350r/min, slowly adding a required polymer solution, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, and pumping the treated suspension into the device for magnetic separation.
As shown in Table 6, the method can remarkably reduce the treatment cost of the oxygen pressure pickle liquor of vanadium-containing stone coal and the future solid suspension, and compared with the traditional sedimentation method, the magnetic flocculation process does not need lime neutralization and water washing, so that the contents of V 2O5 and H + in the solution are higher, and the subsequent treatment is facilitated.
TABLE 6 concentration variation of V 2O5 and H + before and after removal of solid suspensions
In addition, it should be noted that, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and as long as the parts thereof are not described in specific dimensions or shapes, the parts may be any dimensions or shapes suitable for the structures thereof, and any changes in the material composition thereof, and all the structural designs provided by the present invention are all modifications of the present invention, which should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
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| CN105417649A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 江苏源泰恒环境工程有限公司 | Magnetic roller separator applied to water treatment system |
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