CN113140840A - Aqueous conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery - Google Patents
Aqueous conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113140840A CN113140840A CN202110542916.XA CN202110542916A CN113140840A CN 113140840 A CN113140840 A CN 113140840A CN 202110542916 A CN202110542916 A CN 202110542916A CN 113140840 A CN113140840 A CN 113140840A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
- H01M4/602—Polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
- H01M4/602—Polymers
- H01M4/606—Polymers containing aromatic main chain polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水系导电聚合物‑氢气二次电池，包括正极、负极、电解液和用于分隔正、负极的隔膜；其中，正极包括掺杂态导电聚合物、导电剂、粘合剂、第一集流体；负极包括第二集流体，第二集流体上负载催化剂；电解液包括酸性水溶液。
The invention discloses an aqueous conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a separator for separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode; wherein, the positive electrode comprises a doped conductive polymer, a conductive agent and a binder , a first current collector; the negative electrode includes a second current collector, and the catalyst is supported on the second current collector; the electrolyte includes an acidic aqueous solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to a water-based conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery.
Background
In order to meet the energy demand under the background of global population increase, fossil energy depletion and environmental deterioration, the development of renewable energy is a necessary choice for sustainable development. Meanwhile, in order to better manage and utilize renewable energy sources, research and development of large-scale energy storage facilities which are rich in preparation raw materials, environment-friendly and efficient are also important.
Studies have shown that hydrogen electrodes exhibit low overpotentials and good stability in catalysis. As a novel water system battery, the hydrogen battery has the advantages of low cost, long service life, high multiplying power, environmental friendliness and the like, is suitable for large-scale energy storage application, and has considerable research and application prospects. The search for a hydrogen cell adapted positive electrode material is a major focus of current research.
The conductive polymer has the advantages of cheap and renewable raw materials, simple synthesis, high conductivity and the like, and is widely applied to electrochemical energy storage equipment. However, the electrode material still has the problems of low capacity utilization rate and fast attenuation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an aqueous conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery, which is intended to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
As one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aqueous conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolytic solution, and a separator for separating the positive and negative electrodes; the positive electrode comprises a doped conductive polymer, a conductive agent, an adhesive and a first current collector; the negative electrode comprises a second current collector, and a catalyst is loaded on the second current collector; the electrolyte comprises an acidic aqueous solution.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the doped conductive polymer comprises a conductive polymer doped with protonic acid radical ions, wherein the molar ratio of the conductive polymer to the protonic acid radical ions is 1: 2-3.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the protonic acid ion includes one or more of hydrochloride ion, sulfate ion, salicylate ion, and phytate ion.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive polymer includes one or more of polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive agent includes one or more of a graphite-based material, a carbon-based material; wherein the graphite-based material comprises conductive graphite; the carbon-based material comprises one or more of conductive carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black and carbon black.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the binder comprises one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene butadiene copolymer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first current collector comprises one or more of stainless steel, titanium, carbon paper, carbon cloth.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst includes one or more of a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first catalyst comprises one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru and PtNi, PtCo, PtNiCo, PdNi, PdCo, PdNiCo, IrNi, IrCo, IrNiCo, RuNi, RuCo.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second catalyst comprises PtO2、PtOH、PtC、IrO2、IrC、IrN、IrS、IrP、RuO2One or more of RuC, RuN, RuS and RuP.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the third catalyst comprises Ni, NiMo, NiCoMo, MoC2、MoO2、MoS2、MoP、WC、WC2、WO2、WS2WP, NiN, NiS, NiP and NiPS.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon material includes one or more of micro carbon spheres, nano carbon spheres, micro carbon particles, nano carbon particles, micro carbon sheets, nano carbon sheets, micro carbon wires, nano carbon wires, micro carbon tubes, and nano carbon tubes.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the membrane comprises glass fiber filter paper. The water system conducting polymer-hydrogen secondary battery provided by the invention adopts the doped conducting polymer as the positive active material, the conductivity of the conducting polymer after acid doping is improved, the pseudo-capacitance effect of the organic conducting polymer and the rapid conduction mechanism of protons are utilized to enable the battery to have good multiplying power performance, the capacity utilization rate is improved, and the attenuation is slowed down.
The water system conducting polymer-hydrogen secondary battery provided by the invention has the advantages that the positive conducting polymer is cheap and easy to obtain, the synthesis is simple and convenient, the capacity is reasonable and stable, and the water system conducting polymer-hydrogen secondary battery can be widely applied to the aspects of low cost, long service life and large-scale energy storage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a reaction mechanism diagram of a water-based conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 schematically shows a cyclic voltammogram of a water-based conductive polyaniline-hydrogen secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a graph of the results of rate performance test of a water-based conductive polyaniline-hydrogen secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 schematically shows a cycle stability performance test result curve at a rate of 10C for a water-based conductive polyaniline-hydrogen secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 schematically shows a cycle stability performance test result curve at a 50C rate of a water-based conductive polyaniline-hydrogen secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention provides a water-based conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, electrolyte and a diaphragm for separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the positive electrode comprises a doped conductive polymer, a conductive agent, an adhesive and a first current collector; the negative electrode comprises a second current collector, and a catalyst is loaded on the second current collector; the electrolyte comprises an acidic aqueous solution.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte comprises but is not limited to 1mol/L sulfuric acid aqueous solution. The acidic electrolyte provides an acidic environment for the conductive polymer and simultaneously provides protons for the negative electrode reaction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the doped conductive polymer is used as the positive active material, and the pseudocapacitance effect of the organic conductive polymer and the fast conduction mechanism of protons are utilized to ensure that the battery has good rate performance.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the doped conductive polymer comprises a conductive polymer doped with protonic acid radical ions, wherein the molar ratio of the conductive polymer to the protonic acid radical ions is 1: 2-3, for example: 1: 2, 1: 2.5, 1: 3.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the protonic acid ion includes one or more of hydrochloride ion, sulfate ion, salicylate ion, and phytate ion.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive polymer includes one or more of polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the method for doping the conducting polymer by adopting the protonic acid radicals comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a conductive polymer monomer and protonic acid, adding an oxidant, stirring for 10min, and reacting for 8-10 h at 0-30 ℃. Wherein, the oxidant includes but is not limited to ammonium persulfate, potassium dichromate, potassium iodate, and the molar ratio of the conductive polymer monomer to the oxidant is 1: 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, protonic acid radical is adopted to dope conductive polymer, polyaniline is taken as an example, and the electric activity of the polyaniline is derived from a P electron conjugated structure in a molecular chain: as the P electron system in the molecular chain expands, the P bonding state and the P-reverse bonding state form a valence band and a conduction band respectively, and the non-localized P electron conjugated structure can form a P type and an N type conduction state after doping. Unlike other conducting polymer doping mechanism with cationic vacancy produced under the action of oxidant, the polyaniline doping process has unchanged electron number, and the doped protonic acid is decomposed to produce H + and counter anion, such as chloride, sulfate, etc. to enter the main chain and combine with N atom in amine and imine radical to form dipole and dipole delocalized in the P bond of the whole molecular chain, so that the polyaniline has relatively high conductivity. After the eigenstate polyaniline is doped by protonic acid, the conductivity of the eigenstate polyaniline can be improved by ten orders of magnitude.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive agent includes one or more of a graphite-based material, a carbon-based material; wherein the graphite-based material comprises conductive graphite; the carbon-based material comprises one or more of conductive carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black and carbon black.
In the embodiment of the invention, the conductive agent collects micro-current between the doped conductive polymer and the first current collector so as to reduce the contact resistance of the electrode, accelerate the moving rate of electrons and effectively improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the electrode.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the binder comprises one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene butadiene copolymer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first current collector comprises one or more of stainless steel, titanium, carbon paper, carbon cloth.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst includes one or more of a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first catalyst comprises one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru and PtNi, PtCo, PtNiCo, PdNi, PdCo, PdNiCo, IrNi, IrCo, IrNiCo, RuNi, RuCo.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second catalyst comprises PtO2、PtOH、PtC、IrO2、IrC、IrN、IrS、IrP、RuO2One or more of RuC, RuN, RuS and RuP.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the third catalyst comprises Ni, NiMo, NiCoMo, MoC2、MoO2、MoS2、MoP、WC、WC2、WO2、WS2WP, NiN, NiS, NiP and NiPS.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon material includes one or more of micro carbon spheres, nano carbon spheres, micro carbon particles, nano carbon particles, micro carbon sheets, nano carbon sheets, micro carbon wires, nano carbon wires, micro carbon tubes, and nano carbon tubes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen evolution reaction generated by the cathode and the catalysis of the hydrogen oxidation reaction promote the reaction on the three-phase interface through the active sites on the surface of the catalyst. The first catalyst and the second catalyst have high catalytic activity but are expensive. The third catalyst has lower catalytic activity than the first and second catalysts, but has moderate cost. The carbon material is inexpensive, but the catalytic activity is lower than that of the first catalyst, the second catalyst, and the third catalyst. In practical application, the selection can be performed according to the requirement.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the membrane comprises glass fiber filter paper.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the separator includes, but is not limited to, a glass fiber filter paper, and other separators suitable for use in an aqueous battery may be used.
The present invention will be described in further detail below by taking a doped polyaniline-hydrogen cell as an example.
1. Preparation of Positive plate
Adding 3mL of phytic acid reagent with the weight percentage of 70% into 50mL of aniline monomer solution with the weight percentage of 2.5%, uniformly stirring at room temperature under a magnetic stirrer, slowly adding 20mL of ammonium persulfate solution (the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to the ammonium persulfate is about 1: 1), continuously stirring for 10min, standing for 8h, carrying out suction filtration, washing with ethanol deionized water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying at 70 ℃ for 24h to obtain the phytic acid radical ion doped polyaniline material.
Mixing conductive polyaniline, acetylene black and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the weight ratio of 8: 1, adding a proper amount of N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare slurry, coating the slurry on a titanium foil, drying, rolling and cutting into a positive plate with a certain specification.
2. Preparation of negative plate
Mixing Pt/C and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the weight ratio of 9: 1, adding a proper amount of N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare slurry, coating the slurry on a gas diffusion layer of a negative current collector, drying, rolling a membrane, and cutting into a negative plate with a certain specification.
3. Battery assembly
And filling the positive and negative plates and the electrolyte into the glass fiber filter paper diaphragm filled with 1M sulfuric acid solution, and assembling in the form of a button cell. The shell of the water system conductive polymer-hydrogen secondary battery is a flange connection ball valve (purchased from Swagelok company) made of stainless steel, and plays a role in filling and sealing high-pressure hydrogen.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressure range of the hydrogen filled in the battery is 1-100 atm.
The reaction mechanism of the doped conductive polymer battery is shown in figure 1, a positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 are separated at two sides of a diaphragm 3 by the diaphragm 3, and anions A in the doped conductive polymer of the positive electrode 1-The insertion and extraction at the positive electrode is accompanied by an oxidation/reduction process, while hydrogen gas undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction and a hydrogen gas oxidation reaction during the charge/discharge of the negative electrode 2.
Carrying out electrochemical test on the prepared doped polyaniline-hydrogen battery:
as shown in fig. 2, the oxidation peak curve in the graph has three peaks a1, a2, A3, and the corresponding reduction peak curve has three peaks C1, C2, C3, and the number of oxidation peaks is the same as the number of reduction peaks, indicating that the redox potential of the battery is good.
As shown in fig. 3, when the charge-discharge rate of the battery is 5C, the reversible specific capacity of the battery reaches a maximum value of 67.2 mAh/g; when the charge and discharge multiplying power of the battery is increased to 50 ℃, the reversible specific capacity is about 61mAh/g and is 91 percent of the highest reversible specific capacity; even when the charge-discharge rate of the battery is increased to 300C, a reversible specific capacity of 50mAh/g can be provided. Indicating that the coulombic efficiency of the cell is always kept high, and is approximately 100% when the circulation rate is increased to 300 ℃.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the charge-discharge rate of the battery is 10C, the reversible specific capacity of the battery is about 63mAh/g, and the battery still has the reversible specific capacity of 60mAh/g after 1700 circles of cyclic charge-discharge, and the capacity retention rate is 93%.
As shown in fig. 5, when the charge-discharge rate of the battery is 50C, the reversible specific capacity of the battery is about 61mAh/g, the retention rate of the cyclic capacity of the battery can reach 98% after 1000 cycles of cyclic charge-discharge, and the battery still has the reversible specific capacity of 56mAh/g after 5000 cycles of long-cycle charge-discharge, and the capacity attenuation is only 10%.
The electrochemical test results shown in figures 3-5 show that the battery has slow capacity decay and high capacity utilization rate.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116314891A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-06-23 | 青海师范大学 | A hydrogen solid-state secondary battery |
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