CN113124578A

CN113124578A - Heat accumulation type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector

Info

Publication number: CN113124578A
Application number: CN202110497992.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡建军; 蓝淑涵
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yanshan University
Priority date: 2021-05-08
Filing date: 2021-05-08
Publication date: 2021-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-08
Also published as: CN113124578B

Abstract

The present invention is a heat storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector, comprising a heat collector body with a box structure, the inner chamber of the heat collector body is divided into a double-channel structure by an intermediate isolation layer, and the inlet and the outlet are connected to form a The bypass pipe is installed with phase change material, photovoltaic panel and heat-absorbing paint layer on the collector body. The temperature is controlled by the latent heat storage principle of the phase change material to achieve a relatively constant temperature; the photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, drives the fan to rotate, and realizes self-driven operation; the dual-channel structure strengthens the overall stability of the phase change material. The melting effect improves the heat storage efficiency and heat storage capacity; the bypass pipe structure can realize the internal circulation of part of the hot air, so as to alleviate the problem of low initial outlet temperature. The collector body minimizes the operating temperature, reduces energy loss, and improves thermal efficiency, which not only overcomes the limitations of the city grid, but also continues to operate when there is no sunlight, extending the operating time.

Description

Heat accumulation type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat collectors, in particular to a heat storage type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector.

Background

The development and utilization of fossil energy bring environmental pollution problems, and solar energy has good application prospect as renewable energy due to cleanness and universality, but has the defects of intermittency and instability. The phase-change material is used as an energy storage material, so that heat of the surrounding environment can be stored in a latent heat mode and released under a certain condition, the service life of the system can be prolonged, and the utilization rate of energy can be improved. Renewable energy has a great demand on energy storage, and if a 'renewable energy + energy storage' mode is formed, the purposes of continuity, stability and controllability of the heat collector can be realized, and the heat collector can replace the dominant energy to a certain extent.

The drying time can be shortened by adopting the solar dryer to dry the agricultural and sideline products, the system is easy to control, the people do not need to worry about natural disasters such as rain, snow and the like, and the quality of the agricultural and sideline products is good. In the solar dryer, the heat collector is a core component, and the performance of the heat collector has obvious influence on the drying effect of agricultural and sideline products. Different types of crops have a proper drying temperature range, so the constant temperature characteristic of the heat collector has an important influence on the drying efficiency of different types of crops.

In previous researches, the self-driven heat collector can be operated without depending on external electric energy supply, and can be popularized to farmers or small enterprises in remote areas. However, the temperature fluctuation of the photovoltaic self-driven baffle type heat collector is large, the temperature can only last for two hours in the constant temperature stage, the temperature is high, and the efficiency is unstable. In addition, the solar collector cannot operate in a dark stage, and the thermal efficiency of the solar collector is low. In view of the above, it would mean that there is still much room for improvement in photovoltaic self-powered baffle-type collectors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heat storage type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector, which solves the problems of large temperature fluctuation and unstable efficiency of the self-driven heat collector.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a heat storage type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector which comprises a heat collector body with a box structure, wherein an internal cavity of the heat collector body is divided into a double-channel structure through a middle separation layer and comprises an upper air inlet channel and a lower air outlet channel, one side of the heat collector body is provided with an inlet and an outlet, one ends of the upper air inlet channel and the lower air outlet channel, which are far away from the inlet and the outlet, are communicated through a communication cavity, one ends of the upper air inlet channel and the lower air outlet channel, which are close to the inlet and the outlet, are divided into inlet and outlet cavities, and a;

the solar collector comprises a collector body and is characterized by also comprising a battery for storing and supplying electric energy, wherein the battery is arranged at the bottom of the collector body, a photovoltaic panel for collecting solar energy is arranged on the collector body, and the photovoltaic panel is connected with the battery to convert light energy into electric energy to be stored in the battery; the middle isolation layer is arranged as a heat storage component.

Further, the heat collector body is composed of a box body frame, a heat insulation board is arranged on the inner side face of the box body frame, a photovoltaic board is arranged on the outer side face of the box body frame, the upper surface of the heat collector body is sealed by a double-layer glass cover plate, and the upper portion of the inlet and outlet cavity is sealed by a cover plate.

Furthermore, the heat storage assembly comprises a heat absorption coating layer, a phase-change material, a photovoltaic panel and a heat storage container, wherein the phase-change material is installed in the heat storage container, the photovoltaic panel is placed at a position, close to the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity, of the upper surface of the heat storage container, the heat absorption coating layer is coated on the rest part of the upper surface of the heat storage container, the heat absorption coating layer absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy to be stored in the phase-change material, and the photovoltaic panel supplies the converted electric energy to the fan. And the inlet and outlet cavities are provided with heat insulation plates serving as intermediate isolation layers to be in contact with the heat storage container.

Further, the photovoltaic board includes outside photovoltaic board and inside photovoltaic board, outside photovoltaic board is installed on the three lateral wall of box frame, and outside photovoltaic board turns into the electric energy with solar energy and stores in the battery, inside photovoltaic board is installed heat accumulation container upper surface is close to import and export chamber one side, and with the heat absorption dope layer parallel and level, inside photovoltaic board are responsible for directly providing the conversion electric energy the fan drives its rotation.

Furthermore, import and export setting are in same side, the import is located the top of export, the pipeline and the last inlet channel intercommunication of import, the pipeline and the lower outlet channel of export are connected, the pipeline of import with the pipeline intermediate position intercommunication of export forms the by pass line.

Furthermore, a plurality of flow equalizing plates are arranged in parallel in the upper air inlet channel and the lower air outlet channel along the air flow movement direction, four groups of flow equalizing plates are arranged, and each group comprises three flow equalizing plates which are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical manner.

Furthermore, two air valves are arranged at the outlet and the bypass pipeline, one air valve is arranged at the position, close to the outer side, of the outlet pipeline, and the other air valve is arranged in the bypass pipeline and located at the middle position.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

the invention relates to a heat accumulation type constant-temperature self-driven heat collector which comprises a heat collector body with a box body structure, wherein an internal cavity of the heat collector body is divided into a double-channel structure through a middle isolation layer, an inlet and an outlet are communicated to form a bypass pipeline, and the heat collector body is provided with a phase-change material, a photovoltaic panel and a heat absorption coating layer. The temperature is controlled by the latent heat storage principle of the phase-change material, so that the aim of keeping the temperature relatively constant is fulfilled; the photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electric energy to drive the fan to rotate, so that self-driven operation is realized; the double-channel structure enhances the integral melting effect of the phase-change material, and improves the heat storage efficiency and the heat storage capacity; the bypass pipeline structure can realize partial internal circulation of hot air, so that the problem of low initial outlet temperature is solved. The heat collector body reduces the operation temperature to the maximum extent, reduces the energy loss, improves the heat efficiency, can overcome the limitation of an urban power grid, can continuously operate when no sunlight exists, and prolongs the operation time.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the direction a-a of the heat storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat-accumulating constant-temperature self-driven heat collector along the direction b-b;

description of reference numerals: 1. a heat absorbing coating layer; 2. a phase change material; 3. a photovoltaic panel; 4. a battery; 5. a fan; 6. an inlet; 7. an outlet; 8. a double-layer glass cover plate; 9. a box frame; 10. a thermal insulation board; 11. a heat storage container; 12. a flow equalizing plate; 13. an air valve; 14. an upper inlet channel; 15. a lower air outlet channel; 16. a communicating cavity; 17. an inlet and outlet chamber; 18. a bypass conduit; 19. and (7) a cover plate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, a heat storage type thermostatic self-driven heat collector comprises a heat collector body with a box structure, wherein an internal cavity of the heat collector body is divided into a double-channel structure by a middle separation layer, and comprises an upper air inlet channel 14 and a lower air outlet channel 15, an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 are arranged on one side of the heat collector body, one ends, far away from the inlet and the outlet, of the upper air inlet channel 14 and the lower air outlet channel 15 are communicated through a communication cavity 16, one ends, close to the inlet and the outlet, of the upper air inlet channel 14 and the lower air outlet channel 15 are divided into an inlet and outlet cavity 17, and a fan 5 is installed in a pipeline corresponding; the fan 5 drives the gas to flow when rotating, airflow circulation is formed, the flowing time of the airflow is prolonged due to the double-channel structure, the overall melting and heat storage of the phase-change material are improved, and the heat storage efficiency and the heat storage capacity are improved.

The solar collector is characterized by further comprising a battery 4 for storing and supplying electric energy, wherein the battery 4 is installed at the bottom of the collector body, a photovoltaic panel 3 for collecting solar energy is arranged on the collector body, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is connected with the battery 4 to convert light energy into electric energy to be stored in the battery 4; the middle isolation layer is arranged as a heat storage component. When sunlight is present, the power of the fan 5 is taken from the inner photovoltaic panel, while the electric energy converted by the outer photovoltaic panel is stored in the battery 4, when no sunlight is present, the power of the fan 5 is taken from the battery 4,

the solar heat collector is characterized in that the heat collector body is composed of a box body frame 9, a heat insulation plate 10 is arranged on the inner side face of the box body frame 9, a photovoltaic plate 3 is arranged on the outer side face of the box body frame 9, the upper surface of the heat collector body is sealed by a double-layer glass cover plate 8, and the upper surface of the inlet and outlet cavity 17 is sealed by a cover plate 19. The heat insulation plate and the sealing structure ensure the heat loss of the heat collector body and improve the heat efficiency.

The heat storage assembly comprises a heat absorption coating layer 1, a phase change material 2, a photovoltaic panel 3 and a heat storage container 11, wherein the phase change material 2 is installed in the heat storage container 11, the photovoltaic panel 3 is placed at a position, close to an inlet cavity 17 and an outlet cavity 17, of the upper surface of the heat storage container 11, the heat absorption coating layer 1 is coated on the rest part of the upper surface of the heat storage container, the heat absorption coating layer 1 absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy to be stored in the phase change material 2, and the photovoltaic panel 3 supplies the converted electric energy to the fan 5. The inlet and outlet chambers 17 have insulation panels 10 as intermediate insulation layers in contact with the thermal storage containers 11. The phase-change material 2 is used as a latent heat storage energy storage material, stores heat when the solar intensity is high, and reduces the temperature of the cavity. When the solar intensity is low, the phase-change material 2 releases the stored heat, so that the temperature of airflow is increased, the internal cavity of the heat collector body is kept to continuously generate hot airflow, the outlet temperature is relatively constant in the whole operation period, the constant temperature is achieved, the phase-change material 2 is additionally arranged at the bottom of the internal photovoltaic panel, the temperature of a photovoltaic module is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

Photovoltaic board 3 includes outside photovoltaic board and inside photovoltaic board, outside photovoltaic board is installed on the three lateral wall of box frame 9, outside photovoltaic board turns into the electric energy with solar energy and stores and supply the fan use at night in battery 4, inside photovoltaic board is installed 11 upper surfaces in the heat accumulation container are close to go into outlet cavity 17 one side, and with 1 parallel and level of heat absorption dope layer, inside photovoltaic board is responsible for directly providing the conversion electric energy fan 5 and drive its rotation on daytime.

Import 6 and export 7 set up on same side, import 6 is located the top of export 7, the pipeline and the last inlet channel 14 intercommunication of import 6, the pipeline and the lower outlet channel 15 of export 7 are connected, the pipeline of import 6 with the pipeline intermediate position intercommunication of export 7 forms bypass pipeline 18. By utilizing the bypass pipeline structure, the two air valves are matched and adjusted, so that part of high-temperature air at the outlet enters the inner cavity again, and the internal circulation of part of hot air is realized, thereby relieving the problem of low outlet temperature at the initial stage.

A plurality of flow equalizing plates 12 are arranged in parallel in the upper air inlet channel 14 and the lower air outlet channel 15 along the air flow movement direction, four groups of the flow equalizing plates 12 are arranged, and each group comprises three flow equalizing plates. The flow equalizing plate 12 is in close contact with the inner walls of the middle isolating layer, the double-layer glass cover plate 8 and the heat insulation plate 10 in the vertical direction, and the flow equalizing plate 12 of the lower air outlet channel can also be used as a supporting part of the heat storage container 11. The flow equalizing plate 12 is used for guiding air flow, so that good convection heat exchange can be carried out between the heat absorption coating layer 1 and the air flow, and the temperature and the speed of the air flow are uniform.

Two air valves 13 are arranged at the outlet 7 and the bypass pipeline 18, one air valve 13 is arranged at the outer position of the outlet 7 pipeline, and the other air valve 13 is arranged in the bypass pipeline 18 and is positioned at the middle position for adjusting the internal circulating air quantity and the exhaust air quantity.

The using process of the invention is as follows:

firstly, when sunlight exists, the inner photovoltaic panel 3 converts solar energy into electric energy to supply to the outlet fan 5, the fan 5 rotates to drive airflow to enter from the inlet 6 and flow out from the outlet 7, the airflow passes through the inlet 6 and enters the upper air inlet channel 14 along the inner flow equalizing plate 12, the heat absorption coating layer 1 absorbs the solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy, a part of the heat energy is transferred to the airflow, a part of the heat energy is stored in the phase change material 2, the heated hot airflow is guided by the flow equalizing plate 12 and enters the lower air outlet channel 15 through the innermost communicating cavity 16, a small part of the heated hot airflow flows back into the cavity of the collector body through the bypass pipeline 18 through the outlet 7 to form internal circulation, the rest of the hot airflow is sprayed out through the outlet 7 for users, and the bypass pipeline 18 and the outlet 7 are provided with the air valves 13, for regulating the internal circulation air quantity and the exhaust air quantity, while the electricity converted by the external photovoltaic panels 3 is stored in the cells 4;

when sunlight does not exist, the power of the fan 5 comes from the battery 4, the heat stored by the phase-change material 2 is released, the air flow flowing inside is heated, the heat collector body is kept to continuously generate hot air, the constant-temperature self-driving function is realized, and the air flow can be heated by the phase-change material 2 in the process of passing through the upper air inlet channel 14 and the lower air outlet channel 15, so that high heat efficiency is achieved. If the electric energy stored in the battery 4 is used up, the hot-pressing driving force caused by the heat accumulation of the phase-change material 2 can be used for ensuring the operation of one air flow with micro flow at night. If the battery 4 runs out of electricity and the phase change material 2 runs out of heat storage, the number of external photovoltaic panels or the filling amount of the phase change material 2 should be adjusted.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector, characterized in that: a collector body comprising a box structure, and the inner chamber of the heat collector body is separated into a dual-channel structure by an intermediate isolation layer, including An upper air inlet passage (14) and a lower air outlet passage (15), an inlet (6) and an outlet (7) are provided on one side of the collector body, the upper air inlet passage (14) and the lower air outlet passage ( 15) The end away from the inlet and outlet is communicated through the communication cavity (16), and the ends of the upper air inlet passage (14) and the lower air outlet passage (15) near the inlet and outlet are divided into an inlet and outlet chamber (17), and the outlet (7) corresponds to A fan (5) is installed in the duct;

It also includes a battery (4) for storing and supplying electrical energy, the battery (4) is installed at the bottom of the collector body, and the collector body is provided with a photovoltaic panel (3) for solar energy collection, the The photovoltaic panel (3) is connected with the battery (4) to convert light energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery (4); the intermediate isolation layer is configured as a heat storage component.

2. The thermal storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat collector body is composed of a box frame (9), and the inner side of the box frame (9) A thermal insulation board (10) is arranged on the upper side, a photovoltaic panel (3) is arranged on the outer side of the box frame (9), the upper surface of the collector body is sealed with a double-layer glass cover plate (8), and the inlet and outlet cavity (17) ) is sealed with a cover plate (19).

3. The thermal storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermal storage component comprises an endothermic paint layer (1), a phase change material (2), a photovoltaic panel (3) , a heat storage container (11), the phase change material (2) is installed in the heat storage container (11), and a photovoltaic panel is placed on the upper surface of the heat storage container (11) near the inlet and outlet cavity (17) (3), the rest of the upper surface is coated with an endothermic paint layer (1), the endothermic paint layer (1) absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat energy and stores it in the phase change material (2), the photovoltaic panel (3) will The converted electrical energy is used to rotate the fan (5). The inlet and outlet chambers (17) are provided with a heat preservation plate (10) as an intermediate isolation layer in contact with the heat storage container (11).

4. The thermal storage type constant temperature self-driven heat collector according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the photovoltaic panel (3) comprises an external photovoltaic panel and an internal photovoltaic panel, and the external photovoltaic panel is installed in the On the three side walls of the box frame (9), an external photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery (4), and the internal photovoltaic panel is installed on the upper surface of the heat storage container (11) close to the The side of the inlet and outlet cavity (17) is flush with the endothermic paint layer (1), and the internal photovoltaic panel is responsible for directly supplying the converted electric energy to the fan (5) and driving it to rotate.

5. The thermal storage type thermostatic self-driven heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inlet (6) and the outlet (7) are arranged on the same side, and the inlet (6) is located at the outlet Above (7), the pipe of the inlet (6) is connected to the upper air inlet passage (14), the pipe of the outlet (7) is connected to the lower outlet passage (15), and the pipe of the inlet (6) is connected to the upper air inlet passage (14). The middle position of the pipe of the outlet (7) is connected to form a bypass pipe (18).

6. The regenerative thermostatic self-propelled heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interior of the upper air inlet passage (14) and the lower air outlet passage (15) are arranged in parallel along the direction of airflow movement. There are four equalizing plates (12) placed in total, and each group includes three, which are arranged symmetrically up and down.

7. The thermal storage type thermostatic self-driven heat collector according to claim 5, characterized in that: two air valves (13) are provided at the outlet (7) and the bypass pipe (18), one air A valve (13) is installed at the outer position of the outlet (7) pipe, and another damper (13) is installed in the bypass pipe (18) and is located in the middle position.