CN113118460A - 3D printing preparation method and cutter thereof - Google Patents
3D printing preparation method and cutter thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113118460A CN113118460A CN202110456061.9A CN202110456061A CN113118460A CN 113118460 A CN113118460 A CN 113118460A CN 202110456061 A CN202110456061 A CN 202110456061A CN 113118460 A CN113118460 A CN 113118460A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000000588 acetabulum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010060820 Joint injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/14—Surgical saws
- A61B17/142—Surgical saws with reciprocating saw blades, e.g. with cutting edges at the distal end of the saw blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种3D打印制备方法及其刀具，用于通过一制备装置打印制备髋臼骨刀，所述髋臼骨刀包括具有凹弧面的曲面结构以及位于所述曲面结构的一端的锯齿结构，所述制备装置包括：基板、刮刀和打印设备，其中，所述制备方法包括：在所述基板上以激光选区融化的方式、以特定方向打印所述髋臼骨刀，其中，所述特定方向包括：所述锯齿结构的方向与所述基板的夹角为60°～90°，且所述曲面结构的凹弧面朝向刮刀方向和/或铺粉方向。本发明提升切割效果，提升零件的使用性能，加工周期短。
The invention discloses a 3D printing preparation method and a cutting tool for printing and preparing an acetabular osteotome by a preparation device. The acetabular osteotome comprises a curved surface structure with a concave arc surface and a serration located at one end of the curved surface structure. structure, the preparation device includes: a substrate, a scraper, and a printing device, wherein the preparation method includes: printing the acetabular osteotome in a specific direction by laser selective melting on the substrate, wherein the The specific direction includes: the angle between the direction of the sawtooth structure and the substrate is 60°˜90°, and the concave arc surface of the curved structure faces the direction of the scraper and/or the direction of powder spreading. The invention improves the cutting effect, improves the use performance of the parts, and has a short processing cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of knives for surgical osteotomy, in particular to a 3D printing preparation method and a knife thereof.
Background
Joint osteotomies are used for the surgical treatment of joint injuries. The existing joint osteotomy adopts a semicircular osteotomy oscillating saw to realize osteotomy, and the osteotomy curved surface is a spherical curved surface. The coverage rate of the sections on the two sides can meet the requirement by adjusting the angle of the spherical bone under the truncation. During the osteotomy, whether planar, sagittal or bowl-shaped, the osteotomy section is slightly spaced from the saw blade. In the cutting process, along with the change of the angle of the saw blade, the saw blade is broken due to the over-small gap and low structural strength, and the saw blade has long extension cantilever, heavy mass and low tooth density, so that the cutting process is discontinuous and heavy.
For the cutter adopted by the joint osteotomy, the traditional processing mode has the following problems:
1. the osteotome is provided with a curved surface structure and a sawtooth microstructure, so that the osteotome is not easy to process, long in processing period and high in cost;
2. the osteotome is also iteratively changed in cooperation with the experimental effect, and the traditional mode is relatively slow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low structural strength, easy fracture, large processing difficulty and long period of the existing osteotome, the 3D printing preparation method and the cutter thereof are provided, the cutting effect is improved, the use performance of parts is improved, and the processing period is short.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a 3D printing preparation method for printing preparation of an acetabular osteotome by a preparation device, the acetabular osteotome including a curved surface structure having a concave curved surface and a sawtooth structure located at one end of the curved surface structure, the preparation device comprising: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of:
printing the acetabular osteotome on the substrate in a selective laser ablation manner in a specific orientation, wherein the specific orientation comprises: the included angle between the direction of the sawtooth structure and the substrate is 60-90 degrees, and the concave cambered surface of the curved surface structure faces the scraper direction and/or the powder spreading direction.
The 3D printing preparation method described above, wherein the specific direction further includes: the long side direction of the acetabulum osteotome is perpendicular to the scraper.
According to the 3D printing preparation method, the printing material is stainless steel spherical metal powder.
The 3D printing preparation method is characterized in that the particle size range of the stainless steel spherical metal powder is 15-53 μm.
According to the 3D printing preparation method, the printing support is a discontinuous block support.
The 3D printing preparation method comprises the step of printing the support on the curved surface structure, wherein the printing support comprises a first printing support arranged on the curved surface structure and a second printing support arranged on the bottom surface of the acetabular osteotome.
The 3D printing preparation method is characterized in that the thickness of the first printing support is 0.3mm, and the thickness of the second printing support is 0.5 mm.
The 3D printing preparation method is characterized in that the distance between the printing supports is 2 mm.
The 3D printing preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface structure of the acetabular bone knife has a step structure on the other side of the sawtooth structure, and the step structure is regarded as a suspended structure in the specific direction, and a third printing support is disposed at the step structure.
A 3D printing preparation method for preparing a plurality of acetabular osteotomes by printing through a preparation device, each acetabular osteotome including a curved surface structure having a concave arc surface and a sawtooth structure located at one end of the curved surface structure, the preparation device comprising: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of:
printing a plurality of acetabular scalpels on the same substrate in a specific direction in a selective laser melting mode, wherein the specific direction of each acetabular scalpels comprises: the included angle between the direction of the sawtooth structure and the substrate is 60-90 degrees, and the concave cambered surface of the curved surface structure faces the scraper direction and/or the powder spreading direction.
A cutting tool, wherein the cutting tool is obtained by the 3D printing preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the positive effects that:
the invention improves the cutting effect, improves the service performance of parts and has short processing period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cutting tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cutting tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cutting tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cutting tool according to the present invention;
in the drawings: 1. an assembling portion; 2. a base part; 3. a curved surface portion; 4. a serration; 5. saw teeth; 6. a through hole; 7. connecting holes; 8. a step structure; 9. a base body portion; 10. an expansion section; 11. a first side; 12. a second face; 13. a substrate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a cutter according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a cutter according to the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a cutter according to the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a cutter according to the present invention, and fig. 1 to 4 show a 3D printing preparation method according to a preferred embodiment for printing and preparing an acetabular osteotome by a preparation device, the acetabular osteotome including a curved surface structure having a concave arc surface and a sawtooth structure located at one end of the curved surface structure, and preferably, the curved surface structure of the acetabular osteotome is spoon-shaped. Wherein, the preparation facilities include: substrate 13, a doctor blade and a printing device. The preparation method comprises the following steps: printing the acetabular osteotome in a specific direction in a selective laser melting mode, wherein the specific direction comprises: the included angle between the direction of the sawtooth structure and the substrate 13 is 60-90 degrees, and the concave cambered surface of the curved surface structure faces the scraper direction and/or the powder spreading direction.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the printed sawtooth structure (i.e., the sawtooth portion 4 of the acetabular osteotome shown in the figures of the present embodiment) is in a vertically upward or substantially vertically upward state. The printed curved surface structure (i.e., the curved surface portion 3 of the acetabular osteotome shown in the figure of the present embodiment) is in a state where the convex arc surface faces downward and the concave arc surface faces upward, and the concave arc surface of the printed curved surface structure faces the scraper direction and the powder spreading direction.
Since the direction of the saw-tooth structures is in a substantially vertical direction, the material accumulates in a substantially vertical direction, and thus has better strength than if the direction of the saw-tooth structures were in a substantially horizontal direction.
The sawtooth structure comprises a base part and a tip part which are connected with a curved surface structure, and the direction of the sawtooth structure refers to the direction from the base part of the sawtooth structure to the tip part of the sawtooth structure.
On the other hand, because the direction of sawtooth structure is in the direction of basically vertical, therefore the sawtooth structure can not be considered as unsettled structure, consequently the sawtooth structure department need not set up the printing support.
In the printing process, the formed entity and the scraper generate certain friction force, and the friction force can drive the formed entity to displace along the powder scraping direction. If the formed body has a tendency to bulge out of the processing level after possible displacement, subsequent powder scraping is hindered. Therefore, the formed solid body needs to be placed in a manner that the formed solid body does not warp after possible displacement.
Since the placing manner of the formed solid is influenced by the printing direction (i.e. the specific direction), in this embodiment, the concave arc surface of the curved surface structure is generally arranged toward the scraper direction and/or the powder spreading direction, so that the displacement of the formed acetabular osteotome can be avoided.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the specific direction further includes: the long side direction of the acetabulum osteotome is vertical to the scraper.
Specifically, the acetabular bone knife is printed in a specific direction, the long side direction of the formed acetabular bone knife is perpendicular to the scraper, the friction force between the scraper and the formed acetabular bone knife can be reduced, and the area of the scraper contacting the formed acetabular bone knife in the motion direction is reduced as much as possible.
The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments and the protection scope of the present invention are not limited thereby.
The present invention also has the following embodiments in addition to the above:
in a further embodiment of the present invention, with continued reference to fig. 1-4, the printing material is stainless steel spherical metal powder. Preferably, 304 stainless steel is used.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the stainless steel spherical metal powder has a particle size in the range of 15-53 μm.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the printing support is a non-continuous block support. Due to the adoption of discontinuous printing support, the subsequent support removing process can be facilitated.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the printing support comprises a first printing support provided on the curved surface structure and a second printing support provided on the bottom surface of the acetabular osteotome.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first print support has a thickness of 0.3mm and the second print support has a thickness of 0.5 mm.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the pitch of the printing supports is 2 mm.
After the simulation osteotomy experiment is carried out on the existing acetabular osteotome, the problem that the acetabular osteotome can break when being cut for a long time is found, the problem of the breakage mainly comes from poor quality of the lower surface of a part caused by overlarge printing support design interval, and after the support removing process, the local position of the acetabular osteotome forms undulation and forms a structure similar to a notch. Under the stress working state, stress concentration is caused at the undulation part of the acetabular osteotome and the structure similar to the notch, so that cracking is caused. Under the condition of the printing support with the thickness of 2mm, the acetabular osteotome can obtain better lower surface quality, and stress concentration is effectively reduced.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the curved surface structure of the acetabular osteotome has a step structure on the other side of the sawtooth structure, the step structure being identified as a suspended structure in the particular orientation, and a third printing support is provided at the step structure.
Specifically, the step structure (i.e., the step structure 8 of the acetabular osteotome) inevitably forms a direction substantially horizontal to the base plate 13 in a specific direction designed to secure the strength of the saw tooth structure. Thus, in this particular orientation, the step structure is considered to be a suspended structure, and printing support must be added at the step structure.
Through the setting of the support type and the support parameters, the performance reduction caused by the collapse or damage of the lower surface of the acetabular osteotome can be avoided.
The acetabular osteotome and the base plate 13 are separated by linear cutting, the printing support is removed through the forceps, and the printing support is polished and sprayed.
In one preferred embodiment, the process parameters of the printing apparatus of the present invention are as shown in the following table:
preferably, the acetabulum osteotome is placed close to the air outlet of the preparation device, so that the purity of printed parts is improved.
According to the invention, the SLM (selective laser melting) 3D printing technology and the printing direction design in a specific direction are utilized, so that the rapid design and manufacture of the acetabular osteotome are realized, and the processing period of the acetabular osteotome is obviously shortened.
The invention also discloses a 3D printing preparation method, which is used for preparing a plurality of acetabular osteotomes through printing by a preparation device, wherein each acetabular osteotome comprises a curved surface structure with a concave cambered surface and a sawtooth structure positioned at one end of the curved surface structure, and the preparation device comprises: base plate 13, scraper and printing apparatus, the preparation method includes: printing a plurality of acetabular osteotomes in a specific direction on the same substrate 13 in a selective laser melting manner, wherein the specific direction of each of the plurality of acetabular osteotomes comprises: the included angle between the direction of the sawtooth structure and the substrate 13 is 60-90 degrees, and the concave cambered surface of the curved surface structure faces the scraper direction and/or the powder spreading direction.
The invention also provides a cutter obtained by the 3D printing preparation method.
The cutter comprises an assembly part 1, a base part 2, a curved surface part 3 and a sawtooth part 4 which are connected in sequence, wherein one end of the base part 2, which is far away from the assembly part 1, is bent towards the side wall direction of the base part, one end of the base part 2, which is far away from the assembly part 1, extends towards the sawtooth part 4, and the thickness of one end of the curved surface part 3, which is close to the sawtooth part 4, is smaller than that of one end of the curved surface part 3, which is close to.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the curved surface portion 3 is curved, and the thickness of the curved surface portion 3 at the end close to the saw tooth portion 4 gradually increases to the thickness of the curved surface portion 3 at the end far from the saw tooth portion 4.
Preferably, the thickness of the joint between the base portion 2 and the curved surface portion 3 is 1 mm.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, one end of the curved surface portion 3 close to the serrated portion 2 is disposed in a circular arc shape, and a middle portion of one end of the curved surface portion 3 close to the serrated portion 2 protrudes toward one end far away from the mounting portion 1.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the top projection of the tool is arranged in a sector.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the sawtooth portion 4 includes a plurality of sawteeth 5, the sawteeth 5 are disposed at an end of the curved surface portion 3 away from the base portion 2, two adjacent sawteeth 5 are disposed at equal intervals, and each sawtooth 5 is disposed in an isosceles triangle.
Preferably, the number of teeth is 72 teeth.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the fitting part 1 and the base part 2 are provided with through holes 6, the fitting part 1 is provided with attachment holes 7, and the central axis of the through holes 6 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the attachment holes 7.
In a further embodiment of the invention, a step 8 is formed between the fitting part 1 and the base part 2.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the fitting part 1 is arranged vertically, the through hole 6 is arranged vertically, and the connection hole is arranged laterally.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the transverse cross-section of the fitting part 1 is arranged in a hexagonal shape.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the side surface of the assembling portion 1 has three first surfaces 11 and three second surfaces 12, the three first surfaces 11 and the three second surfaces 12 are arranged at intervals, the three first surfaces 11 are arranged in a plane, the three second surfaces 12 are arranged in a plane or an arc, and the width of each first surface 11 is greater than the width of each second surface 12.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the base portion 2 includes a base main body portion 9 and an expansion portion 10 connected to each other, the base main body portion 9 is disposed in a cylindrical shape, the base main body portion 9 is disposed vertically, the mounting portion 1 is disposed at a middle portion of a lower end of the base main body portion 9, the base main body portion 9 and the mounting portion 1 are provided with through holes 6, and the expansion portion 10 is disposed on a side wall of the base main body portion 9.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the extension portion 10 extends along the radial direction and the upper end direction of the base main body portion 9, the extension portion 10 is connected to the curved surface portion 3, and the thickness of the connection portion between the extension portion 10 and the curved surface portion 3 is greater than the thickness of the end of the curved surface portion 3 away from the mounting portion 1.
In a further embodiment of the invention, a stepped structure 8 is formed between the lower end of the base main body portion 9 and the fitting portion 10.
The invention improves the cutting effect and the service performance of parts.
It should be noted that the tool of the present invention mainly refers to a surgical tool in joint osteotomy, especially an acetabular osteotome, and may refer to other tools similar to the acetabular osteotome. While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202110456061.9A CN113118460A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | 3D printing preparation method and cutter thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110456061.9A CN113118460A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | 3D printing preparation method and cutter thereof |
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| CN113118460A true CN113118460A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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| CN202110456061.9A Pending CN113118460A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | 3D printing preparation method and cutter thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114159116A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-03-11 | 上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心 | A bone knife for bone fragment cutting, a bone knife series for bone fragment cutting, and a bone knife and guide plate for bone chip transplantation |
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