CN113111672A - Method for judging true wetland plants - Google Patents
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- CN113111672A CN113111672A CN202110395804.6A CN202110395804A CN113111672A CN 113111672 A CN113111672 A CN 113111672A CN 202110395804 A CN202110395804 A CN 202110395804A CN 113111672 A CN113111672 A CN 113111672A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000168734 Bolboschoenus planiculmis Species 0.000 description 13
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 6
- 244000288377 Saxifraga stolonifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000220156 Saxifraga Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002953 Saxifraga stolonifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001273256 Chloris virgata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001647091 Saxifraga granulata Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000234646 Cyperaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000202758 Scirpus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
- G06K7/10821—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
- G06K7/10861—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices sensing of data fields affixed to objects or articles, e.g. coded labels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/906—Clustering; Classification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/955—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL]
- G06F16/9554—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL] by using bar codes
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Abstract
本发明涉及湿地科学技术领域，特别涉及一种真湿地植物的判定方法。该方法包括：在调查区域范围内搜集目标植物标本，并采集相关信息；在植物标本数据库或实体标本馆搜集以目标类群命名的标本，剔除生境信息缺失的标本和同号标本；剔除鉴定错误的标本；按生境信息将标本进行归类；通过标本记录的生境信息及标本数量判定目标植物是否为真湿地植物；判定具体为：标本所属生境为湿生环境和/或中生环境；或者为湿生、中生和旱生环境，湿生和中生环境的标本数量达到标本总数的2/3以上，则判定目标植物为真湿地植物。本发明根据大量植物标本的生境信息进行归类和量化以判定物种是否为真湿地植物，能够客观反映植物适应水分的实际情况，方法科学。The invention relates to the field of wetland science and technology, in particular to a method for judging true wetland plants. The method includes: collecting target plant specimens within the scope of the survey area, and collecting relevant information; collecting specimens named after the target taxa in the herbarium database or entity herbarium, removing specimens with missing habitat information and specimens with the same number; removing wrongly identified specimens Specimen; classify the specimens according to the habitat information; determine whether the target plant is a true wetland plant based on the habitat information recorded in the specimen and the number of specimens; the specific determination is: the habitat to which the specimen belongs is a wet environment and/or a mesophyte environment; or a wet environment The number of specimens in the wet and mesophytic environments is more than 2/3 of the total number of specimens, and the target plants are determined to be true wetland plants. The invention categorizes and quantifies according to the habitat information of a large number of plant specimens to determine whether the species is a true wetland plant, can objectively reflect the actual situation of plants adapting to water, and has a scientific method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wetland science, in particular to a method for judging true wetland plants.
Background
Plants are classified into aquatic plants, hygrophytes, mesogenic plants and xerophytes according to their adaptability to moisture conditions. True wetland plants include plants (aquatic plants and hygrophytes) that occur only in a hygrophyte environment; some plants can appear in the wetland and the non-wetland in the same area, or only appear in the wetland in some areas, but can appear in the wetland or the non-wetland in other areas at the same time, and the plants are the wet mesogenic plants in the mesogenic plants and also belong to true wetland plants. The ecological range of the adaptation of the mesogenic plants is wide, so that whether the plants belong to the true wetland plants or not is difficult to distinguish in the actual operation process, which is also an important reason that a set of authoritative true wetland plant species list is lacking in China at present. The establishment of the genuine wetland plant species directory is an important prerequisite for carrying out regional wetland resource investigation, wetland demarcation, wetland ecological function evaluation and other works. At present, a set of practical and effective method for judging true wetland plants does not exist, a complete typical wetland plant species directory is difficult to form, and the method is not beneficial to government management departments and scientific research institutions to develop relevant work in the wetland field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for judging true wetland plants. The method can objectively reflect the actual condition of the plant adaptive to the water content, and is scientific and accurate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for judging true wetland plants, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, area division: determining an investigation region range according to the target cluster geographical distribution, collecting target plant specimens in the investigation region range, and collecting related information;
secondly, screening samples: collecting samples named by target groups in a determined area range in a plant sample database or an entity sample library, and removing samples with missing habitat information and samples with the same number;
thirdly, species identification: rejecting the sample with wrong identification;
fourthly, information summarization: classifying the specimens according to the habitat information; the habitat is a humid environment, a middle-aged environment and a dry environment;
fifthly, type judgment: judging whether the target plant is a true wetland plant or not according to the habitat information recorded by the specimen and the number of the specimen; the judgment is specifically as follows:
if the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment and/or a mesogenic environment, the target plant is judged to be a true wetland plant;
the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment, a middle-living environment and a dry environment, the number of the specimens in the humid environment and the middle-living environment is more than 2/3 of the total number of the specimens, and the target plant is judged to be the true wetland plant.
Preferably, in the first step, the region is an administrative level or a geographical partition, the administrative level includes country, province and city, and the geographical partition includes mountain area, plain and plateau.
Preferably, in the second step, the specimen named as the target group is the specimen named as the Latin name of the target group.
Preferably, in the second step, the specimen of the same number is a specimen whose collection person, collection place, and collection time are the same.
Preferably, in step three, the species identification method specifically comprises: and comparing the differences among different samples, and identifying whether the names of the screened sample species are accurate or not.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the wet environment is marsh, wet land, peat land, paddy field or shallow water. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the midlife environment is a wet grassland, a alpine meadow, a stream side, a ditch side, a roadside humid place, a cloudy place, a river beach grassland or a forest cloudy and humid land. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the dry environment is a hillside, a hill, a sand land, a gravel beach, a yellow soil slope, a grass slope, a lawn, a roadside or an under forest. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Preferably, in step five, the total number of specimens is not less than 3.
The invention provides a method for judging true wetland plants. The method comprises the following steps: determining an investigation region range according to the target cluster geographical distribution, collecting target plant specimens in the investigation region range, and collecting related information; collecting samples named by target groups in a determined area range in a plant sample database or an entity sample library, and removing samples with missing habitat information and samples with the same number; rejecting the sample with wrong identification; classifying the specimens according to the habitat information; the habitat is a humid environment, a middle-aged environment and a dry environment; judging whether the target plant is a true wetland plant or not according to the habitat information recorded by the specimen and the number of the specimen; the judgment is specifically as follows: if the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment and/or a mesogenic environment, the target plant is judged to be a true wetland plant; the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment, a middle-living environment and a dry environment, the number of the specimens in the humid environment and the middle-living environment is more than 2/3 of the total number of the specimens, and the target plant is judged to be the true wetland plant.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the plant specimen information can be consulted through the open Internet database, the data acquisition is simple, and the cost is low;
2) classifying and quantifying according to the habitat information of a large number of plant specimens to judge whether the species are true wetland plants or not, and objectively reflecting the actual situation that the plants adapt to water, and the method is scientific;
3) the technical methods of specimen screening, species identification, information summarization and the like related to the invention are suitable for most plants and have popularization value.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for judging true wetland plants, which can be realized by appropriately improving process parameters by taking the contents of the text as reference by the technical personnel in the field. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt belongs to Scirpus in Cyperaceae. Stolon rhizome and tuber, triangular stalk, and leaf; the leaf is flat and 2-5 mm wide; 1-3 leaf-shaped bracts which are usually longer than inflorescence; the long lateral branch parasitism inflorescence is shortened to be in a head shape, or sometimes has a few radiation branches, and usually has 1-6 spikelets; small ear oval or long round oval, rusty brown; stamens 3, stigmas 2; 4-6 bristles are arranged at the lower part, barbs are grown at the upper part, the bristles are 1/2-2/3 long as small nuts, and the small nuts are inverted egg-shaped and flat. According to Chinese plant record, the flowering period of the scirpus planiculmis is 5-6 months, and the fruit period is 7-9 months; growing in the near water of lake and river; widely distributed in northeast. Analyzing whether the plants belong to true wetland plants or not by the following steps:
firstly, area division: taking northeast (including four Unions of black Ji Liao and inner Mongolia) as an investigation range, collecting specimen of Scirpus planiculmis plant and collecting information.
Secondly, screening samples: in a national plant specimen resource library (https:// www.cvh.ac.cn /), 263 specimens are collected by taking the Latin name Scirpus planiculmis of Scirpus planiculmis as a query object; and eliminating the specimen with the same number and the specimen without the habitat information, and remaining 28 specimens.
Thirdly, species identification: and (4) comparing the differences among different samples, and determining that the No. 28 samples screened in the step two are all scirpus planiculmis.
Fourthly, information summarization: recording the bar code and the habitat information of the sample No. 28, and classifying the habitat information. See table 1 for details.
Fifthly, type judgment: the habitat of the scirpus planiculmis specimen comprises wet growth, middle growth and dry growth, and the number of specimens in the wet growth and middle growth environments is 21 in total and accounts for 75 percent of the total number. Therefore, the scirpus planiculmis is judged to be a true wetland plant in northeast.
TABLE 1 Scirpus planiculmis specimen habitat information summary table
Verification example 1
According to the record of wild vascular bundle plants in northeast China wetland, scripus triquetrum is grown in shallow water in wetland, marsh, ditch, river and lake. The northeast plant search List describes that scripus planiculmis generates marsh and wetland. The "northeast herbaceous plant record" the habitat of scirpus planiculmis is: it is grown in wetland, river bank, marsh, etc. Therefore, three authoritative botanical monographs in the northeast region all show that the habitat of the scirpus planiculmis is hygrophyte or mesobiosome and belongs to true wetland plants. This is consistent with the conclusions of example 1, indicating that the results of the method for determining scirpus planiculmis belonging to typical wetland plants are reliable.
Example 2
Saxifraga (Chloris virgata Sw.) belongs to Saxifraga of Gramineae. The stalk is upright or the base is knee-bent, and the height is 12-75 cm. The blade is linear, the length is 3-25 cm, and the width is 3-6 mm. The panicle-shaped inflorescence has more than 5 to 10 pieces, the length is 1.5 to 5 centimeters, the fingers are planted on the top of the stalk and are always upright and gathered into a brush shape; the spikelets have no handles, the first spikelets are about 1.8 mm long, the second spikelets are as long as or slightly shorter than the spikelets, and the midrib extends to form small tips with the length of 0.5-1 mm; the first small flower is amphoteric, two sides are flattened, white soft hair with the length of 2-3 mm is arranged at the upper part 1/3 of the edge of the two sides, and the awns extend from the lower part of the top end of the back and have the length of 5-15 mm; the second floret is infertile and only the lemma is stored. Caryopsis fusiform, yellowish, smooth, hairless and translucent. According to Chinese plant record, the period of the flowers and fruits of the saxifraga stolonifera is 6-10 months, the saxifraga stolonifera is distributed in all provinces of China and mostly grows in wastelands and river banks. Whether the plants belong to the typical wetland plants is analyzed through the following steps:
firstly, area division: taking northeast (including four Unions of black Ji Liao and inner Mongolia) as an investigation range, collecting Saxifraga stolonifera plant specimens and collecting information.
Secondly, screening samples: in a national plant specimen resource library (https:// www.cvh.ac.cn /), 403 specimens are collected by taking the Latin name Chloris virgata of the tiger tail as a query object; and eliminating the specimen with the same number and the specimen without the habitat information, and remaining the specimen with the number 167.
Thirdly, species identification: and (4) comparing the differences among different specimens, identifying whether the specimen species screened in the step two are accurate in naming, and determining that the No. 167 specimen is the saxifrage.
Fourthly, information summarization: recording the bar code of No. 167 sample and the habitat information, and classifying the habitat information. See table 2 for details.
Fifthly, type judgment: the habitat of the saxifrage standard comprises a humid environment, a middle-aged environment and a dry environment, the number of specimens of the humid and middle-aged environments is 38 (the number of specimens of the middle-aged environment is 36, and the number of specimens of the humid and middle-aged environment is 2), and the specimens only account for 22.8 percent of the total number. Therefore, the tiger tail is judged not to belong to true wetland plants in northeast.
TABLE 2 summary of habitat information of Saxifraga plant specimen
Verification example 2
The 'northeast herbaceous plant record' describes the habitat of the tiger tail grass as follows: living on the roadside, grassland and eaves. The Saxifraga stolonifera is not included in the wild vascular bundle plant of the northeast China wetland. The northeast plant search table records that the habitat of the tiger tail is roadside and grassland. As can be seen from the descriptions of the two authoritative monographs, the habitat of the tiger tail is dry and does not belong to typical wetland plants, which is consistent with the conclusion of the example 2, and the reliability of the method is verified again.
Summary of the invention
It can be seen from the examples 1 and 2 that the collected information and the habitat information of a certain species of plant specimen are collected in the database, the relationship is established according to the habitat description and the moisture, the plant specimen is divided into three types of wet growth, medium growth and dry growth, and whether the scirpus planiculmis and the tiger tail are true wetland plants can be judged by adopting the method established by the invention. The obtained conclusion is consistent with the description of an authoritative monograph, and the reliability of the method is verified. The method has the greatest advantage that the habitat record data of a certain species are quantized, and the true wetland plants can be judged only when the number of specimens of the hygrophytes and the mesobiosome reaches above 2/3, so that the defect of artificial subjective judgment is overcome. In addition, the genotype of the same species in different regions may be different, the capacity of adapting to the moisture condition is different, and the regional difference is also considered in the method. In view of the fact that most of plant specimens are digitized at present and information sharing is achieved, whether the plants belong to true wetland plants can be well judged by the method without leaving the house, and technical support is provided for relevant work in the field of wetland science.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for judging the true wetland plants is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, area division: determining an investigation region range according to the target cluster geographical distribution, collecting target plant specimens in the investigation region range, and collecting related information;
secondly, screening samples: collecting samples named by target groups in a determined area range in a plant sample database or an entity sample library, and removing samples with missing habitat information and samples with the same number;
thirdly, species identification: rejecting the sample with wrong identification;
fourthly, information summarization: classifying the specimens according to the habitat information; the habitat is a humid environment, a middle-aged environment and a dry environment;
fifthly, type judgment: judging whether the target plant is a true wetland plant or not according to the habitat information recorded by the specimen and the number of the specimen; the determination is specifically:
if the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment and/or a mesogenic environment, the target plant is judged to be a true wetland plant;
the habitat of the specimen is a humid environment, a middle-living environment and a dry environment, the number of the specimens in the humid environment and the middle-living environment is more than 2/3 of the total number of the specimens, and the target plant is judged to be the true wetland plant.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the area is an administrative level or a geographical partition, the administrative level includes country, province and city, and the geographical partition includes mountain area, plain and plateau.
3. The determination method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the specimen named as the target group is a specimen named as a latin name of the target group.
4. The determination method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the specimen of the same number is a specimen whose collection person, collection place, and collection time are the same.
5. The method for determining according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the method for identifying species specifically comprises: and comparing the differences among different samples, and identifying whether the names of the screened sample species are accurate or not.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the wet environment is a marsh, wetland, peat land, paddy field, or shallow water.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step four, the midlife environment is a wetlands, alpine meadows, stream sides, ditch sides, roadside wetlands, overcast places, beachlands, or under-forest wetlands.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step four, the drought environment is a hillside, a hill, a sand land, a gravel beach, a yellow soil slope, a grass slope, a lawn, a roadside, or an under forest.
9. The determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in step five, the total number of specimens is not less than 3.
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| RALPH W. TINER: "LISTS OF POTENTIAL HYDROPHYTES FOR THE UNITED STATES：A REGIONAL REVIEW AND THEIR USE IN WETLAND IDENTIFICATION", 《WETLANDS》 * |
| 张洺也 等: "2019年白鹤湖湿地植物群落物种多样性", 《湿地科学》 * |
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