CN113107409B - Visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device and method - Google Patents
Visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113107409B CN113107409B CN202110522248.4A CN202110522248A CN113107409B CN 113107409 B CN113107409 B CN 113107409B CN 202110522248 A CN202110522248 A CN 202110522248A CN 113107409 B CN113107409 B CN 113107409B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B31/00—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
- E21B31/12—Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs
- E21B31/18—Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs gripping externally, e.g. overshot
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a visual guide type righting type drilling tool fishing device and a method, which comprises a plug short section shell, a righting short section shell, a guide short section shell and a visual fishing short section shell which are sequentially connected; a camera is arranged in the visible fishing nipple shell; a transmission mandrel is arranged in the righting short section shell and the guide short section shell, and the transmission mandrel can drive the guide inner shaft to rotate by moving axially; the guide short section shell is provided with guide supporting slide block components, and when the guide inner shaft axially moves to a guide section where the guide supporting slide block components abut against the guide inner shaft, the guide supporting slide block components radially extend out and can change the radial extension length of each guide supporting slide block component along with the rotation of the guide inner shaft; therefore, the guide supporting slide block assembly is supported on the hole wall, and the relative position of the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the drill hole is controlled under the reaction of the supporting force of the hole wall, so that the smooth alignment and connection of the fallen fish in the hole are realized. The invention is not limited by the fish falling position any more, and can improve the fishing accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling tool fishing, and relates to a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device and method.
Background
Along with the gradual deepening of the construction depth of drilling in recent years, the structure and the mechanical characteristics of the encountered construction stratum are increasingly complex, so that the probability of accidents of tripping or breaking of the drill rod in the hole during construction is higher and higher, the drill rod can not be taken out when falling into the drilling hole, the construction period can be delayed, the normal development of subsequent construction operation can be deeply influenced, and certain economic loss can be generated in severe cases.
The drill rod is broken or tripped in the hole to become a fish, the accidental situations encountered by using the conventional fishing tool during fishing are more, the conventional fishing tool is often staggered with the fish in space, the fish head of the fish is difficult to align and link at the moment, and normal fishing operation is implemented. If the fallen drill rod and the axis of the drill hole have a certain eccentric distance, a 'head-hidden fish' is formed, the fishing range is enlarged, the difficulty of aligning and connecting the fish head of the fallen fish is multiplied, and the smooth proceeding of fishing operation is influenced. In addition, the conventional fishing device is not provided with visual equipment, is invisible in the fishing process, cannot accurately judge the condition of fish falling in the hole before and during implementation of fishing measures, has the problems of blind fishing measures, low fishing success rate, easy occurrence of secondary hole accidents and the like, and improper fishing for several times in succession can cause thread tripping in the hole or thread wear at the tail part of a broken drill rod, increases the difficulty of subsequent fishing work, and even can cause serious economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a visual guide type centralization type drilling tool fishing device and method so as to improve the accuracy and success rate of fishing the fallen fish.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device comprises a plug nipple shell, a centralizing nipple shell, a guide nipple shell and a visual fishing nipple shell which are coaxially connected in sequence and have a through center; a plug is arranged in the plug short section shell, a camera is arranged in the visual salvaging short section shell, and the plug is connected with the camera through a wire;
the righting short section shell and the guide short section shell are internally provided with transmission mandrels of central through holes capable of axially moving, and each transmission mandrel comprises a straight section and a large-lead spiral section; the outer wall of the straight section is provided with an axial key groove and is matched with a flange on the inner wall of the centralizing short section shell to ensure that the transmission mandrel can only move axially; a guide inner shaft is sleeved outside the large-lead spiral section, and the inner wall of the guide inner shaft is of a spiral structure and is matched with the large-lead spiral section to enable the transmission mandrel to move axially to drive the guide inner shaft to rotate; the outer wall of the guide inner shaft comprises a reset section concentric with the guide short section outer shell and a guide section eccentric with the guide short section outer shell; a plurality of guide support sliding block assemblies which are distributed circumferentially and penetrate through the guide short section shell are arranged on the guide short section shell; when the guiding support sliding block component abuts against the reset section, the guiding support sliding block component is embedded in the guiding short section shell, when the guiding inner shaft axially moves to the position where the guiding support sliding block component abuts against the guiding section, the guiding support sliding block component radially extends out, and the radial extending length of each guiding support sliding block component can be changed along with the rotation of the guiding inner shaft.
The invention also comprises the following technical features:
specifically, the inner wall of the plug nipple shell is provided with a coaxial plug support ring for installing a plug, the end part of the plug support ring is provided with a conductive contact disc I, and the plug is communicated with the conductive contact disc I through a lead embedded in the plug support ring.
Specifically, the outer wall of the centralizing nipple shell is provided with a spiral centralizing structure which is used as a fulcrum of the drilling tool and has a centralizing function;
an upper sliding plug with a central through hole is arranged in the righting short section shell, the upper sliding plug is connected with the end part of the straight section of the transmission mandrel, an upper working spring is sleeved outside the straight section, and the upper working spring is positioned between the upper sliding plug and the flange;
righting nipple joint shell both ends and being equipped with electrically conductive contact dish II and electrically conductive contact dish III respectively, through the wire intercommunication of embedding in righting the nipple joint shell between electrically conductive contact dish II and the electrically conductive contact dish III, electrically conductive contact dish II corresponds and contacts with electrically conductive contact dish I.
Specifically, the outer wall of the guide inner shaft is sequentially provided with a first mounting section, a first annular bulge, the guide section, the reset section, a second annular bulge and a second mounting section; an upper end cover is sleeved on the first mounting section, a first supporting bearing is arranged between the upper end cover and the first annular bulge, a lower end cover is sleeved on the second mounting section, and a second supporting bearing is arranged between the lower end covers of the second annular bulge;
a lower working spring is sleeved on the flange at the end part of the upper end cover, and two ends of the lower working spring are limited between the end part of the centralizing short section shell and the end part of the upper end cover so as to push the upper end cover and guide the inner shaft to axially move through the lower working spring; the end part of the large-lead spiral section of the transmission mandrel is provided with a lower sliding plug of the central through hole, and the lower sliding plug can axially limit the lower end cover.
Specifically, the inner wall of the guide short section shell is provided with a plurality of axial arc-shaped grooves, slide bars are arranged in the arc-shaped grooves, two ends of each slide bar penetrate through the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively and are connected with the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively, and the slide bars can axially move along with the upper end cover, the guide inner shaft and the lower end cover.
Specifically, be equipped with coaxial camera support ring in order to support the camera in the visual short section shell of salvaging, camera support ring tip is equipped with conductive contact dish IV, conductive contact dish IV with conductive contact dish III passes through the wire intercommunication, and through the wire intercommunication of embedding in the camera support intra-annular between conductive contact dish IV and the camera.
Specifically, the inner wall of the visible fishing nipple shell sequentially comprises a trimming part, a leading-in part and a fishing part; the trimming part is positioned at the lower end part of the visible fishing nipple shell and is provided with a plurality of cutting alloy blocks to trim the uneven end surface of the fish; the leading-in part is used for sleeving the fallen fish into the fishing device in a butt joint mode, and the fishing part is close to the camera and used for carrying out fishing operation on the fallen fish entering the leading-in part.
Specifically, the guide support sliding block assembly comprises a guide support body, a guide sliding block connected with the guide support body and a return spring sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sliding block; the guide support body is positioned in a groove on the outer wall of the guide short section shell, the guide sliding block penetrates through the guide short section shell, one end of the guide sliding block is connected with the guide support body, and the other end of the guide sliding block abuts against the guide inner shaft; reset spring is located the annular gap between guide sliding block and the guide nipple joint shell, and reset spring both ends are spacing between the annular platform of guide nipple joint shell and guide sliding block outer wall annular arch to exert the power of directional axle center for the guide sliding block through reset spring.
A method for fishing a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device is realized by the fishing device, and the initial state of the fishing device is as follows: the upper sliding plug abuts against the end part of the plug short section shell under the action of the upper working spring, meanwhile, the lower sliding plug abuts against the lower end cover, the upper end cover compresses the lower working spring to store energy, and the guide supporting slide block assembly is retracted and closely attached to a reset section of the guide inner shaft;
the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a fishing device is placed at the bottom of a hole, the condition of fish falling in the hole is observed through a camera, and the position of the fish falling is determined;
inputting high-pressure flushing fluid into the drill string, wherein one part of the high-pressure flushing fluid flows into and flushes the hole through a central flow passage of the fishing device, the other part of the high-pressure flushing fluid pushes the upper sliding plug to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, the lower sliding plug synchronously moves and does not push against the lower end cover, at the moment, under the action of the lower working spring, the lower end cover is connected with the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guide inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, and the guide inner shaft moves along with the rotation while moving along with the rotation due to the fact that the transmission mandrel and the guide inner shaft are in large-lead spiral fit;
thirdly, the lower end cover, the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guide inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing stop moving after moving to the limit positions, and meanwhile, the guide support sliding block assemblies distributed in the circumferential direction are closely attached to the guide section of the guide inner shaft, extend out of the guide short section shell and are supported on the hole wall;
and step four, due to the eccentric characteristic of the guide section, the extension lengths of the guide support sliding block assemblies which are circumferentially distributed outside the guide short section shell are different, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is deviated, the alignment connection condition of the fishing short section shell and the fish is observed through real-time transmission images, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is adjusted until the operation is stopped and the fish is fed forwards when the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is collinear with the axis of the fish, the fish is fished, the fishing device is restored to the initial working state, the fish is lifted out of the hole at the moment, and the fishing is completed.
Specifically, the step four of adjusting the axis X of the end portion of the fishing device specifically includes: if the relative position of the end part axis X of the fishing device and the axis in the hole is not proper, the upper sliding plug can be pushed to drive the transmission mandrel to continue to move along the axial direction in a mode of changing the flushing liquid pressure, so that the guide inner shaft rotates again, the guide support sliding block assembly which is tightly attached to the guide inner shaft adjusts the original radial length arrangement, under the reverse thrust of the hole wall, the position of the axis X of the end part of the fishing device can be changed again, at the moment, the whole fishing drill string is rotated again to perform auxiliary adjustment until the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the fallen fish are collinear.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the invention ensures that the fishing device is not limited by the position of the fallen fish during fishing, and an operator can control the relative position of the fishing device and the axial line in the hole in real time so as to be aligned and connected with the fallen fish better and improve the accuracy and the success rate of fishing.
2. The invention realizes the visualization of the fishing device during the fishing, can accurately monitor the whole fishing process, provides a judgment basis for real-time fishing control, and simultaneously ensures the safety and reliability of the whole fishing process and proper operation, thereby reducing the blindness and uncertainty of the operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the visual guiding type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view and a schematic cross-sectional view of a driving spindle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guiding inner shaft structure and a schematic cross-sectional view of the guiding section and the restoring section thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of the fishing device of the present invention in the initial state;
FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of the fishing device of the present invention during aligned engagement fishing operation.
The reference numerals mean:
1. the plug short section comprises a plug short section shell, 2, a centering short section shell, 3, a guide short section shell, 4, a visual salvaging short section shell, 5, a transmission mandrel and 6, a guide inner shaft;
101. the plug comprises a plug body, 102, a plug support ring, 201, an upper sliding plug, 202, an upper working spring, 301, a guide support sliding block assembly, 302, a guide support body, 303, a guide sliding block, 304, a return spring, 305, an upper end cover, 306, a first support bearing, 307, a lower end cover, 308, a second support bearing, 309, a lower working spring, 310, a lower sliding plug, 311, a sliding rod, 401, a camera, 402, a camera support ring, 403, a trimming part, 404, an introduction part, 405, a fishing part, 501, a straight section, 502, a large-lead spiral section, 601, a resetting section, 602, a guide section, 603, a first installation section, 604, a first annular bulge, 605, a second annular bulge, 606, and a second installation section.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment provides a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device, which includes a plug nipple housing 1, a centralizing nipple housing 2, a guide nipple housing 3 and a visual fishing nipple housing 4 that are coaxially connected in sequence and have a through center; a plug 101 is arranged in the plug nipple shell 1, a camera 401 is arranged in the visual salvaging nipple shell 4, and the plug 101 is connected with the camera 401 through a wire.
A transmission mandrel 5 with a central through hole capable of axially moving is arranged in the centralizing nipple shell 2 and the guiding nipple shell 3, and the transmission mandrel 5 comprises a straight section 501 and a large-lead spiral section 502; the outer wall of the straight section 501 is provided with an axial key slot and is matched and installed with a flange on the inner wall of the centralizing short section shell 2 so that the transmission mandrel 5 can only move axially; the large-lead spiral section 502 is sleeved with a guide inner shaft 6, and the inner wall of the guide inner shaft 6 is of a spiral structure so as to be matched with the large-lead spiral section 502 to enable the transmission mandrel 5 to move axially to drive the guide inner shaft 6 to rotate; the outer wall of the guiding inner shaft 6 comprises a resetting section 601 concentric with the guiding nipple shell 3 and a guiding section 602 eccentric with the guiding nipple shell 3; a plurality of guide support slide block assemblies 301 which are distributed circumferentially and penetrate through the guide short section shell 3 are arranged on the guide short section shell 3; when the guiding and supporting slide assemblies 301 abut against the resetting section 601, the guiding and supporting slide assemblies 301 are embedded in the guiding short section shell 3, when the guiding inner shaft 6 axially moves until the guiding and supporting slide assemblies 301 abut against the guiding section 602, the guiding and supporting slide assemblies 301 radially extend out, and the radial extending length of each guiding and supporting slide assembly 301 can be changed along with the rotation of the guiding inner shaft 6; therefore, the guide supporting slide block assembly is supported on the hole wall, and the relative position of the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the drill hole is controlled under the reaction of the supporting force of the hole wall, so that the smooth alignment and connection of the fallen fish in the hole are realized.
The inner wall of the plug nipple shell 1 is provided with a coaxial plug support ring 102 for mounting a plug 101, the end part of the plug support ring 102 is provided with a conductive contact disc I, and the plug 101 is communicated with the conductive contact disc I through a lead embedded in the plug support ring 102; specifically, in this embodiment, the plug support ring includes an end circular wall and a cylindrical side wall, a plug mounting groove is provided on the end circular wall, and an axial through hole is further provided on the end circular wall.
The outer wall of the centralizing nipple shell 2 is provided with a spiral centralizing structure to be used as a fulcrum of a drilling tool and have a centralizing function.
An upper sliding plug 201 with a central through hole is arranged in the centralizing short section shell 2, the upper sliding plug 201 is connected with the end part of a straight section 501 of the transmission mandrel 5, an upper working spring 202 is sleeved outside the straight section 501, and the upper working spring 202 is positioned between the upper sliding plug 201 and the flange.
Righting 2 both ends of nipple joint shell and being equipped with electrically conductive contact dish II and electrically conductive contact dish III respectively, through the wire intercommunication of embedding in righting nipple joint shell 2 between electrically conductive contact dish II and the electrically conductive contact dish III, electrically conductive contact dish II corresponds and contacts with electrically conductive contact dish I.
The outer wall of the guiding inner shaft 6 is sequentially provided with a first mounting section 603, a first annular bulge 604, a guiding section 602, a resetting section 601, a second annular bulge 605 and a second mounting section 606; an upper end cap 305 is sleeved on the first mounting section 603, a first support bearing 306 is arranged between the upper end cap 305 and the first annular bulge 604, a lower end cap 307 is sleeved on the second mounting section 606, and a second support bearing 308 is arranged between the second annular bulge 605 and the lower end cap 307.
A lower working spring 309 is sleeved on a flange at the end part of the upper end cover 305, and two ends of the lower working spring 309 are limited between the end part of the centralizing short section shell 2 and the end part of the upper end cover 305, so that the upper end cover 305 is pushed and the inner shaft 6 is guided to move axially through the lower working spring 309; a lower sliding plug 310 with a central through hole is arranged at the end part of the large lead spiral section 502 of the transmission mandrel 5, and the lower sliding plug 310 can axially limit the lower end cover 307.
The inner wall of the guide short section shell 3 is provided with a plurality of axial arc-shaped grooves, a sliding rod 311 is arranged in each arc-shaped groove, two ends of the sliding rod 311 respectively penetrate through the upper end cover 305 and the lower end cover 307 and are respectively connected with the upper end cover 305 and the lower end cover 307, and the sliding rod 311 can axially move along with the upper end cover 305, the guide inner shaft 6 and the lower end cover 307. In this embodiment, be equipped with three slide bar, and three slide bar is followed guide nipple joint shell axial equipartition, in other embodiments, can set up the quantity of slide bar according to the actual work needs, the homoenergetic reaches the effect of this embodiment.
A coaxial camera support ring 402 is arranged in the visible fishing nipple shell 4 to support a camera 401, a conductive contact disc IV is arranged at the end part of the camera support ring 402, the conductive contact disc IV is communicated with the conductive contact disc III through a wire, and the conductive contact disc IV is communicated with the camera 401 through a wire embedded in the camera support ring 402. In this embodiment, a wire for connecting the conductive contact pad IV and the conductive contact pad III is disposed in one of the slide bars, and the wire is a hard wire.
The inner wall of the visible fishing pup joint shell 4 is sequentially provided with a trimming part 403, a leading-in part 404 and a fishing part 405; the trimming part 403 is positioned at the lower end part of the visible fishing pup joint shell, and the trimming part 403 is provided with a plurality of cutting alloy blocks to trim uneven end surfaces of fish; the leading part 404 is used for butting and sleeving the fallen fish into the fishing device, and the fishing part 405 is close to the camera 401 and is used for performing fishing operation on the fallen fish entering the leading part 404.
The guide support slider assembly 301 comprises a guide support body 302, a guide sliding block 303 connected with the guide support body 302 and a return spring 304 sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sliding block 303; the guide support body 302 is positioned in a groove on the outer wall of the guide short section shell 3, the guide sliding block 303 penetrates through the guide short section shell 3, one end of the guide sliding block 303 is connected with the guide support body 302, and the other end of the guide sliding block is abutted against the guide inner shaft 6; the return spring 304 is located in an annular gap between the guide sliding block 303 and the guide nipple housing 3, and two ends of the return spring 304 are limited between an annular table of the guide nipple housing 3 and an annular protrusion on the outer wall of the guide sliding block 303, so that the return spring 304 applies a force pointing to the axis to the guide sliding block 303. In this embodiment, the guide supporting slide block assembly has three, and along the interior axle circumference equipartition of guide, in other embodiments, can set up the guide supporting slide block assembly of other quantity according to the actual work needs, and the homoenergetic reaches the effect of this embodiment.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a method for fishing a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device, which is realized by the fishing device in embodiment 1, and the initial state of the fishing device is as follows: the upper sliding plug abuts against the end part of the plug short section shell under the action of the upper working spring, meanwhile, the lower sliding plug abuts against the lower end cover, the upper end cover is axially moved to a limit position far away from a camera supporting ring, the upper end cover compresses the lower working spring to store energy, a guide sliding block of the guide supporting sliding block assembly is retracted under the action of a return spring and is tightly attached to a return section of the guide inner shaft, and the circumscribed circle of the guide supporting body at the moment and the circumscribed circle of the spiral centering structure are kept coaxial and have the same radial length;
the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a fishing device is put into the bottom of a hole, the condition of fish falling in the hole is observed through a camera (a high-definition explosion-proof camera), and the position of the fish falling is determined;
inputting high-pressure flushing fluid into the drill string, wherein one part of the high-pressure flushing fluid flows into and flushes the hole through a central flow passage of the fishing device, the other part of the high-pressure flushing fluid pushes the upper sliding plug to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, the lower sliding plug synchronously moves and does not push against the lower end cover, at the moment, under the action of the lower working spring, the lower end cover is connected with the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guide inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, and the guide inner shaft moves along with the rotation while moving along with the rotation due to the fact that the transmission mandrel and the guide inner shaft are in large-lead spiral fit;
step three, the lower end cover, the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guiding inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing stop moving after moving to the limit position, meanwhile, the guiding sliding blocks of the guiding support sliding block assembly which are circumferentially distributed are tightly attached to the guiding section of the guiding inner shaft under the action of a return spring, extend out of the guiding nipple shell and are supported on the hole wall, and specifically, the guiding support body which is integrally connected with the guiding sliding blocks extends out of the guiding nipple shell and is supported on the hole wall;
and step four, due to the eccentric characteristic of the guide section, the extension lengths of the guide support sliding block assemblies which are circumferentially distributed outside the guide short section shell are different, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is deviated, the alignment connection condition of the guide part of the visible fishing short section shell and the fish is observed through a real-time transmission image, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is adjusted until the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the fish are collinear, the operation is stopped and the fish is fed forward, the fish is fished, the fishing device is restored to the initial working state, the fish is lifted out of the hole at the moment, and the fishing is completed.
Step four, the concrete process of fishing the fish is as follows: the end face of the fish is trimmed by the trimming part, then the fish is sleeved into the leading-in part in a butt joint mode, the head of the fish is bitten by the fishing part, and meanwhile the input pressure of flushing liquid is reduced.
Step four, adjusting the axis X of the end part of the fishing device specifically comprises the following steps: if the relative position of the end part axis X of the fishing device and the axis in the hole is not proper, the upper sliding plug can be pushed to drive the transmission mandrel to continue to move along the axial direction in a mode of changing the flushing liquid pressure, so that the guide inner shaft rotates again, the guide support sliding block assembly which is tightly attached to the guide inner shaft adjusts the original radial length arrangement, under the reverse thrust of the hole wall, the position of the axis X of the end part of the fishing device can be changed again, at the moment, the whole fishing drill string is rotated again to perform auxiliary adjustment until the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the fallen fish are collinear.
Claims (10)
1. A visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device is characterized by comprising a plug short section shell (1), a centralizing short section shell (2), a guide short section shell (3) and a visual fishing short section shell (4) which are coaxially connected in sequence and have a through center; a plug (101) is arranged in the plug short section shell (1), a camera (401) is arranged in the visual salvaging short section shell (4), and the plug (101) is connected with the camera (401) through a wire;
a transmission mandrel (5) with a central through hole capable of axially moving is arranged in the centralizing nipple shell (2) and the guiding nipple shell (3), and the transmission mandrel (5) comprises a straight section (501) and a large-lead spiral section (502); the outer wall of the straight section (501) is provided with an axial key groove and is matched with a flange on the inner wall of the centralizing short section shell (2) so that the transmission mandrel (5) can only move axially; a guide inner shaft (6) is sleeved outside the large-lead spiral section (502), and the inner wall of the guide inner shaft (6) is of a spiral structure so as to be matched with the large-lead spiral section (502) to enable the transmission mandrel (5) to move axially to drive the guide inner shaft (6) to rotate; the outer wall of the guide inner shaft (6) comprises a reset section (601) concentric with the guide short section outer shell (3) and a guide section (602) eccentric with the guide short section outer shell (3); a plurality of guide support sliding block assemblies (301) which are distributed circumferentially and penetrate through the guide short section shell (3) are arranged on the guide short section shell (3); when the guide support slide block assembly (301) abuts against the reset section (601), the guide support slide block assembly (301) is embedded in the guide short section shell (3), and when the guide inner shaft (6) moves axially to the position where the guide support slide block assembly (301) abuts against the guide section (602), the guide support slide block assembly (301) extends radially, and the radial extending length of each guide support slide block assembly (301) can be changed along with the rotation of the guide inner shaft (6).
2. The visualization guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the plug nipple shell (1) is provided with a coaxial plug support ring (102) for installing a plug (101), the end part of the plug support ring (102) is provided with a conductive contact disc I, and the plug (101) is communicated with the conductive contact disc I through a wire embedded in the plug support ring (102).
3. The visualization guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the centralizing nipple shell (2) is provided with a spiral centralizing structure to be used as a fulcrum of the drilling tool and have a centralizing function;
an upper sliding plug (201) with a central through hole is arranged in the centralizing short section shell (2), the upper sliding plug (201) is connected with the end part of a straight section (501) of the transmission mandrel (5), an upper working spring (202) is sleeved outside the straight section (501), and the upper working spring (202) is positioned between the upper sliding plug (201) and the flange;
righting nipple joint shell (2) both ends and being equipped with electrically conductive contact dish II and electrically conductive contact dish III respectively, through the wire intercommunication of embedding in righting nipple joint shell (2) between electrically conductive contact dish II and the electrically conductive contact dish III, electrically conductive contact dish II corresponds and contacts with electrically conductive contact dish I.
4. A visual guide type positive type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer wall of the guide inner shaft (6) is sequentially a first installation section (603), a first annular bulge (604), the guide section (602), the reset section (601), a second annular bulge (605) and a second installation section (606); an upper end cover (305) is sleeved on the first mounting section (603), a first supporting bearing (306) is arranged between the upper end cover (305) and the first annular bulge (604), a lower end cover (307) is sleeved on the second mounting section (606), and a second supporting bearing (308) is arranged between the second annular bulge (605) and the lower end cover (307);
a lower working spring (309) is sleeved on a flange at the end part of the upper end cover (305), and two ends of the lower working spring (309) are limited between the end part of the centralizing short section shell (2) and the end part of the upper end cover (305) so as to push the upper end cover (305) and guide the inner shaft (6) to axially move through the lower working spring (309); the end part of the large-lead spiral section (502) of the transmission mandrel (5) is provided with a lower sliding plug (310) with a central through hole, and the lower sliding plug (310) can axially limit the lower end cover (307).
5. The visualization guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner wall of the guide nipple housing (3) is provided with a plurality of axial arc-shaped grooves, slide rods (311) are arranged in the arc-shaped grooves, two ends of each slide rod (311) respectively pass through the upper end cover (305) and the lower end cover (307) and are respectively connected with the upper end cover (305) and the lower end cover (307), and the slide rods (311) can axially move along with the upper end cover (305), the guide inner shaft (6) and the lower end cover (307).
6. The visualization guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 3, wherein a coaxial camera supporting ring (402) is arranged in the visual fishing nipple shell (4) to support the camera (401), a conductive contact disc IV is arranged at the end part of the camera supporting ring (402), the conductive contact disc IV is communicated with the conductive contact disc III through a lead, and the conductive contact disc IV is communicated with the camera (401) through a lead embedded in the camera supporting ring (402).
7. The visualization guide type handrail type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the visual fishing nipple shell (4) is provided with a trimming part (403), a leading-in part (404) and a fishing part (405) in sequence; the trimming part (403) is positioned at the lower end part of the visible fishing pup joint shell, and the trimming part (403) is provided with a plurality of cutting alloy blocks to trim uneven end faces of fish; the leading-in part (404) is used for butting and sleeving the fallen fish into the fishing device, and the fishing part (405) is close to the camera (401) and used for performing fishing operation on the fallen fish entering the leading-in part (404).
8. The visualization guide type handrail type drilling tool fishing device according to claim 1, wherein the guide support slider assembly (301) comprises a guide support body (302), a guide sliding block (303) connected with the guide support body (302), and a return spring (304) sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sliding block (303); the guide support body (302) is positioned in a groove on the outer wall of the guide short section shell (3), a guide sliding block (303) penetrates through the guide short section shell (3), one end of the guide sliding block (303) is connected with the guide support body (302), and the other end of the guide sliding block abuts against the guide inner shaft (6); the return spring (304) is positioned in an annular gap between the guide sliding block (303) and the guide short section shell (3), and two ends of the return spring (304) are limited between an annular table of the guide short section shell (3) and an annular bulge on the outer wall of the guide sliding block (303) so as to apply a force pointing to the axis of the guide sliding block (303) through the return spring (304).
9. A method for fishing a visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device, which is characterized in that the method is realized by the fishing device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, and the initial state of the fishing device is as follows: the upper sliding plug abuts against the end part of the plug short section shell under the action of the upper working spring, meanwhile, the lower sliding plug abuts against the lower end cover, the upper end cover compresses the lower working spring to store energy, and the guide supporting slide block assembly is retracted and closely attached to a reset section of the guide inner shaft;
the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a fishing device is placed at the bottom of a hole, the condition of fish falling in the hole is observed through a camera, and the position of the fish falling is determined;
inputting high-pressure flushing fluid into the drill string, wherein one part of the high-pressure flushing fluid flows into and flushes the hole through a central flow passage of the fishing device, the other part of the high-pressure flushing fluid pushes the upper sliding plug to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, the lower sliding plug synchronously moves and does not push against the lower end cover, at the moment, under the action of the lower working spring, the lower end cover is connected with the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guide inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing to move in the direction close to the camera along the axial direction, and the guide inner shaft moves along with the rotation while moving along with the rotation due to the fact that the transmission mandrel and the guide inner shaft are in large-lead spiral fit;
thirdly, the lower end cover, the upper end cover, the sliding rod, the guide inner shaft, the first support bearing and the second support bearing stop moving after moving to the limit positions, and meanwhile, the guide support sliding block assemblies distributed in the circumferential direction are closely attached to the guide section of the guide inner shaft, extend out of the guide short section shell and are supported on the hole wall;
and step four, due to the eccentric characteristic of the guide section, the extension lengths of the guide support sliding block assemblies which are circumferentially distributed outside the guide short section shell are different, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is deviated, the alignment connection condition of the fishing short section shell and the fish is observed through real-time transmission images, the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is adjusted until the operation is stopped and the fish is fed forwards when the axis X of the end part of the fishing device is collinear with the axis of the fish, the fish is fished, the fishing device is restored to the initial working state, the fish is lifted out of the hole at the moment, and the fishing is completed.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step four of adjusting the fishing device end axis X specifically comprises: if the relative position of the end part axis X of the fishing device and the axis in the hole is not proper, the upper sliding plug can be pushed to drive the transmission mandrel to continue to move along the axial direction in a mode of changing the flushing liquid pressure, so that the guide inner shaft rotates again, the guide support sliding block assembly which is tightly attached to the guide inner shaft adjusts the original radial length arrangement, under the reverse thrust of the hole wall, the position of the axis X of the end part of the fishing device can be changed again, at the moment, the whole fishing drill string is rotated again to perform auxiliary adjustment until the axis X of the end part of the fishing device and the axis of the fallen fish are collinear.
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| CN116146134B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2025-03-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A linked torsional vibration release device and method |
| CN114427369B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-08-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Video imaging butt joint drill-falling accident head salvaging system and method in underground coal mine casing |
| CN116136153B (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-10-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A drill pipe used for oil exploration |
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