CN113098416A - Operational amplifier circuit and switching power supply - Google Patents
Operational amplifier circuit and switching power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN113098416A CN113098416A CN202110358042.2A CN202110358042A CN113098416A CN 113098416 A CN113098416 A CN 113098416A CN 202110358042 A CN202110358042 A CN 202110358042A CN 113098416 A CN113098416 A CN 113098416A
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/45179—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using MOSFET transistors as the active amplifying circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an operational amplifier circuit and a switching power supply, wherein a current generating circuit generates a bias current signal which has a certain proportional relation with the input voltage or the output voltage of the switching power supply, the bias current signal is controlled to be reduced along with the increase of the input voltage or the output voltage, and the transconductance of the operational amplifier circuit can be adjusted, so that the transconductance of an operational amplifier of the switching power supply is high when the output voltage is low, the transconductance of the operational amplifier is low when the input voltage or the output voltage is high, the bandwidth of a system is reduced when the input voltage or the output voltage is high, and the stability of the system is good under different conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an operational amplifier circuit and a switching power supply.
Background
In the internal compensation scheme of the power circuit, the same set of compensation parameters is usually adopted to meet the requirements of different application scenes, and the transconductance of the operational amplifier is expected to be high when the output voltage is low; at high output voltage, when a feedforward capacitor exists, the system bandwidth is too large under the condition that the compensation parameter is fixed, and is easily close to or exceeds half of the switching frequency, so that the system becomes unstable, and the transconductance of the operational amplifier needs to be properly reduced to reduce the bandwidth and improve the stability of the system.
Therefore, it is difficult for the internal compensation scheme to achieve both the dynamic response at low output voltage and the stability at high output voltage, and the performance cannot be optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an operational amplifier circuit and a switching power supply, which are used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that dynamic response at low output voltage and stability at high output voltage are difficult to be considered at the same time.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide an operational amplifier circuit for use in a switching power supply, the operational amplifier circuit including a current generation circuit and an error amplifier circuit, the current generation circuit receiving an input voltage or an output voltage of the switching power supply to generate a bias current signal proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage, wherein the bias current signal decreases with an increase in the input voltage or the output voltage; the error amplifying circuit comprises a current input end, a first voltage input end and a second voltage input end, wherein the current input end receives the bias current signal, and the first voltage input end and the second voltage input end respectively receive a differential voltage signal so as to output an error amplifying signal.
Preferably, the current generation circuit comprises a voltage-current conversion circuit and a first current source,
the first current source outputs a first current signal; the voltage-current conversion circuit receives the input voltage or the output voltage to generate a second current signal according to the input voltage or the output voltage, and the difference value of the first current signal and the second current signal is used as the bias current signal.
Preferably, the second current signal is in a proportional relationship with the input voltage or the output voltage.
Preferably, the current generating circuit includes a second current source, the second current source outputs a third current signal, the third current signal is smaller than the first current signal, a difference value between the first current signal and the second current signal is used as a difference current signal, and a signal obtained by adding the third current signal and the difference current signal is used as the bias current signal.
Preferably, the current generation circuit includes a first current mirror circuit, a second current mirror circuit, and a third current mirror circuit, the first current mirror circuit receiving the input voltage or the output voltage through a first resistor to generate the second current signal; the first current signal and the second current signal have the same current direction, the input end of the second current mirror circuit is connected to the current branch node of the first current signal and the second current signal, the difference current signal is input to the second current mirror circuit, and the second current mirror circuit outputs a first intermediate current signal; and the third current mirror circuit receives the first intermediate current signal to output a second intermediate current signal, the current directions of the second intermediate current signal and the third current signal are the same, and a superposed signal of the second intermediate current signal and the third current signal is used as the bias current signal.
Preferably, when the operational amplifier circuit receives the input voltage, the operational amplifier circuit is connected to an input terminal of the switching power supply to sample a voltage at the input terminal of the switching power supply as the input voltage; when the operational amplification circuit receives the output voltage, the operational amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the switching power supply so as to sample the voltage at the output end of the switching power supply as the output voltage.
Preferably, the switching power supply includes a main power switch tube and an inductor, a common node of the main power switch tube and the inductor is a switch node, and when the operational amplifier circuit receives the output voltage, the operational amplifier circuit includes a filter circuit, and the filter circuit is connected to the switch node to filter a voltage at the switch node and use the filtered voltage as the output voltage of the switching power supply.
Preferably, the error amplifying circuit is a CMOS transconductance amplifier.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a switching power supply, including a power stage circuit and a control circuit, wherein the power stage circuit receives an input voltage, and converts the input voltage into a desired output voltage through a switching operation of a switching tube, and the control circuit includes the operational amplifier circuit, and the control circuit controls the switching operation of the switching tube in the power stage circuit according to an error amplification signal generated by the operational amplifier circuit.
Preferably, the operational amplifier circuit receives the output voltage feedback signal and a reference voltage representing a desired output voltage as a differential voltage signal of the error amplifier circuit.
By adopting the operational amplifier circuit and the switching power supply, the current generating circuit generates a bias current signal which has a certain proportional relation with the input voltage or the output voltage of the switching power supply, and the transconductance of the operational amplifier circuit is adjusted. The bias current signal is reduced along with the increase of the input voltage or the output voltage, so that the transconductance of the operational amplifier of the switching power supply is high when the output voltage is low, and the transconductance of the operational amplifier is low when the input voltage or the output voltage is high, the bandwidth of a system is reduced when the input voltage or the output voltage is high, and the stability of the system is good under different conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a current generation circuit according to an embodiment of the operational amplifier circuit of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is only used for convenience and clarity to assist in describing the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a first embodiment of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a first embodiment of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention. The operational amplifier circuit of the present embodiment is used in a switching power supply, such as a buck switching power supply, but is not limited thereto, and may also be used in other suitable switching power supplies. The switching power supply comprises a power stage circuit and a control circuit, and taking the buck switching power supply as an example, the power stage circuit comprises an input capacitor C00, an output capacitor C01, a main power switch tube M00, a freewheeling diode D00 and an inductor L00.
Illustratively, the operational amplifier circuit comprises a current generation circuit 10 and an error amplification circuit 20, wherein the current generation circuit 10 receives an input voltage or an output voltage of the switching power supply to generate a bias current signal Iss proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage, wherein the bias current signal decreases with the increase of the input voltage or the output voltage; the error amplifying circuit 20 includes a current input terminal, a first voltage input terminal and a second voltage input terminal, the current input terminal receives the bias current signal, and the first voltage input terminal and the second voltage input terminal respectively receive the differential voltage signal to output an error amplifying signal Vc. In one example, the operational amplifier circuit is connected to the output terminal of the switching power supply to sample the voltage at the output terminal of the switching power supply as the output voltage Vout, and the operational amplifier circuit receives the output voltage feedback signal VFB and a reference voltage VREF representing a desired output voltage as a differential voltage signal of the error amplifier circuit.
In one example, the current generating circuit 10 includes a voltage-to-current conversion circuit and a first current source outputting a first current signal I01; the voltage-current conversion circuit receives the input voltage or the output voltage to generate a second current signal I02 according to the input voltage or the output voltage, and the difference value of the first current signal and the second current signal is used as the bias current signal Iss. Illustratively, the second current signal I02 is proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage. According to the above description of the bias current signal, when the second current signal I02 is proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage, since the first current signal is a fixed value, the bias current signal decreases with the increase of the input voltage or the output voltage, where the first current signal is generally set to a larger value, so that the error amplifying circuit can be normally driven to operate by the bias current signal that is the difference value.
Illustratively, the error amplifying circuit 20 is a CMOS transconductance amplifier, and the specific circuit structure of the CMOS transconductance amplifier may be a circuit structure commonly found in the prior art, for example, a circuit structure such as a differential pair transistor and a current mirror formed by field effect transistors is implemented. In the transconductance amplifier composed of the CMOS tube, the transconductance of the CMOS transconductor under the condition of small signals is proportional to the square root of the bias current and is also proportional to the square root of the channel width-length ratio of the differential pair tube. However, if the transconductance of the operational amplifier is kept unchanged under the condition of a high input voltage or a high output voltage, the bandwidth of the system is too high, and the stability of the system is affected, so the inventor of the present application dynamically adjusts the transconductance according to the magnitude of the input voltage or the output voltage, for example, the second current signal I02 is in a proportional relationship with the input voltage or the output voltage, so that under the condition of a higher input voltage or output voltage, the bias current signal is reduced, the transconductance is reduced, and the bandwidth of the system is reduced, so that the stability of the system is kept.
In another example, the current generating circuit includes a second current source outputting a third current signal I03, the third current signal I03 is smaller than the first current signal I01, a difference between the first current signal and the second current signal is used as a difference current signal, and a signal obtained by adding the third current signal and the difference current signal is used as the bias current signal. The third current signal I03 is set to a minimum current value that enables the error amplifier circuit to operate, so as to prevent the error amplifier circuit from being disabled due to the difference between the first current signal and the second current signal being zero when the second current signal is large when the input voltage or the output voltage is too large.
As shown in fig. 3, for a specific structure of the current generation circuit, the current generation circuit includes a first current mirror circuit (e.g., formed by M1 and M2), a second current mirror circuit (e.g., formed by M3 and M4), and a third current mirror circuit (e.g., formed by M5 and M6), and the mirror relationship of the three current mirrors may be proportional or proportional with a certain size. The first current mirror circuit receives the input voltage or output voltage, such as Vout in FIG. 3, through a first resistor R1 to generate the second current signal I02; the first current signal and the second current signal have the same current direction, the input end of the second current mirror circuit is connected to the current branch node of the first current signal and the second current signal, such as point a, the difference current signal is input to the second current mirror circuit, and the second current mirror circuit outputs a first intermediate current signal I02'; the third current mirror circuit receives the first intermediate current signal to generate a second intermediate current signal I02 ″, the second intermediate current signal I02 ″ has the same current direction as the third current signal, the second intermediate current signal and the third current signal are superposed, and the superposed signal is used as the bias current signal Iss.
Referring to fig. 2, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of fig. 2 discloses that the switching power supply includes a main power switch tube and an inductor, a common node of the main power switch tube and the inductor is a switch node B, and the operational amplifier circuit includes a filter circuit, such as a filter circuit formed by R03 and C03, and the filter circuit is connected to the switch node B to filter a voltage of the switch node to be an output voltage of the switching power supply, such as V1. The embodiment can be applied to occasions without the voltage connection point of the output end, and the voltage value capable of representing the output voltage is calculated through the existing node.
Illustratively, when the operational amplifier circuit receives the input voltage, the operational amplifier circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching power supply to sample the voltage at the input terminal of the switching power supply as the input voltage, which is not shown in fig. 2.
In summary, the switching power supply of the embodiment of the invention has large transconductance under low output voltage, high bandwidth and good dynamic response, adaptively adjusts the size of the transconductance under high output voltage, reduces the bandwidth, has good stability, and solves the technical problem of considering systems with different output voltage conditions.
In addition, although the embodiments are described and illustrated separately, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some common techniques may be substituted and integrated between the embodiments, and reference may be made to one of the embodiments without explicit mention.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. An operational amplifier circuit for use in a switching power supply, wherein the operational amplifier circuit comprises a current generating circuit and an error amplifying circuit,
the current generation circuit receives an input voltage or an output voltage of the switching power supply to generate a bias current signal proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage, wherein the bias current signal decreases with the increase of the input voltage or the output voltage;
the error amplifying circuit comprises a current input end, a first voltage input end and a second voltage input end, wherein the current input end receives the bias current signal, and the first voltage input end and the second voltage input end respectively receive a differential voltage signal so as to output an error amplifying signal.
2. The operational amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the current generation circuit includes a voltage-to-current conversion circuit and a first current source,
the first current source outputs a first current signal;
the voltage-current conversion circuit receives the input voltage or the output voltage to generate a second current signal according to the input voltage or the output voltage,
the difference between the first current signal and the second current signal is used as the bias current signal.
3. The operational amplification circuit of claim 2, wherein the second current signal is proportional to the input voltage or the output voltage.
4. The operational amplification circuit of claim 2, wherein the current generation circuit comprises a second current source,
the second current source outputs a third current signal, the third current signal being less than the first current signal,
and taking the difference value of the first current signal and the second current signal as a difference current signal, and taking a signal obtained by adding the third current signal and the difference current signal as the bias current signal.
5. The operational amplification circuit of claim 4, wherein the current generation circuit comprises a first current mirror circuit, a second current mirror circuit, and a third current mirror circuit,
the first current mirror circuit receives the input voltage or the output voltage through a first resistor to generate the second current signal;
the first current signal and the second current signal have the same current direction, the input end of the second current mirror circuit is connected to the current branch node of the first current signal and the second current signal, the difference current signal is input to the second current mirror circuit, and the second current mirror circuit outputs a first intermediate current signal;
and the third current mirror circuit receives the first intermediate current signal to output a second intermediate current signal, the current directions of the second intermediate current signal and the third current signal are the same, and a superposed signal of the second intermediate current signal and the third current signal is used as the bias current signal.
6. The operational amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein when the operational amplifier circuit receives the input voltage, the operational amplifier circuit is connected to an input terminal of the switching power supply to sample a voltage at the input terminal of the switching power supply as the input voltage;
when the operational amplification circuit receives the output voltage, the operational amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the switching power supply so as to sample the voltage at the output end of the switching power supply as the output voltage.
7. The operational amplifier circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching power supply comprises a main power switch tube and an inductor, a common node of the main power switch tube and the inductor is a switch node,
when the operational amplification circuit receives the output voltage, the operational amplification circuit comprises a filter circuit, and the filter circuit is connected with the switch node to filter the voltage of the switch node to be used as the output voltage of the switch power supply.
8. The operational amplification circuit of claim 1, wherein the error amplification circuit is a CMOS transconductance amplifier.
9. A switching power supply includes a power stage circuit and a control circuit, wherein,
the power stage circuit receives an input voltage, converts the input voltage into a desired output voltage through the switching action of the switching tube,
the control circuit comprises the operational amplifier circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the control circuit controls the switching operation of the switching tube in the power stage circuit according to the error amplification signal generated by the operational amplifier circuit.
10. The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein the operational amplification circuit receives the output voltage feedback signal and a reference voltage indicative of a desired output voltage as a differential voltage signal of the error amplification circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110358042.2A CN113098416A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Operational amplifier circuit and switching power supply |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110358042.2A CN113098416A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Operational amplifier circuit and switching power supply |
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| CN113098416A true CN113098416A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN202110358042.2A Pending CN113098416A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Operational amplifier circuit and switching power supply |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12057768B2 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-08-06 | Reed Semiconductor Corporation | Ripple amplitude compensation circuit for ripple based control of DC-DC converter |
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