CN113091459B - Method for controlling sintering end point by synthesis speed - Google Patents
Method for controlling sintering end point by synthesis speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN113091459B CN113091459B CN202110414801.2A CN202110414801A CN113091459B CN 113091459 B CN113091459 B CN 113091459B CN 202110414801 A CN202110414801 A CN 202110414801A CN 113091459 B CN113091459 B CN 113091459B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
- F27D2019/004—Fuel quantity
- F27D2019/0043—Amount of air or O2 to the burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0075—Regulation of the charge quantity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering machines, and particularly relates to a method for controlling a sintering end point by using a synthesis speed. The method can judge the intervention in advance and comprehensively regulate the sintering end point, and achieves the maximization of the high quality, high yield, low consumption and benefit of the sintering machine. The method comprises the following steps: the sintering end position is determined by a synthesis speed V 01, wherein the synthesis speed V 01=（V2+V0 2）1/2; wherein V 0 represents the vertical sintering speed, and V represents the machine speed of the sintering machine; when the vertical sintering speed V 1＜V0 is the combination speed of the sintering machine speed V and the vertical sintering speed V 1 is V 11,V11＜V01, the sintering end point position is lagged, and the sintering machine speed is required to be increased to be larger than V, so that the combination speed is close to V 01; when the vertical sintering speed V 2＞V0 is set, the synthesis speed of the sintering machine V and the vertical sintering speed V 2 is set to V 21,V21＞V01, the sintering end position is advanced, and the sintering machine speed needs to be reduced to be smaller than V, so that the synthesis speed is close to V 01.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering machines, and particularly relates to a method for controlling a sintering end point by using a synthesis speed.
Background
In the continuous belt type air draft sintering process, the sintering material layer is divided into five belts from top to bottom: a sinter belt, a combustion belt, a preheating drying belt, an over-wet belt and an original sinter belt. The highest combustion zone temperature and the greatest resistance loss are the chemical reaction zones where the sinter softens, melts and forms a liquid phase. The downward moving speed of the burning belt is the vertical sintering speed, and the vertical sintering speed directly influences the output of the sintering ore. BTP is the combustion zone passage point and is the sintering end point position, i.e., the point at which sintering ends.
The sintering end point BTP is a critical ring for controlling the sintering process, and directly relates to the quality of various physical and chemical indexes and technical and economic indexes of the sintering ore. The goal of the sintering end point control is to control the sintering end position at about the end 2 nd windbox of the sintering machine, and the correct and strict control of the sintering end point has two meanings. Firstly, the effective area of a sintering machine is fully utilized, the yield of the sintering ore is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; secondly, high-quality sintered ore and high-quality return ore are ensured to be obtained. If the sintering end point is too advanced, the sintering area cannot be effectively utilized, and the sintering ore is cooled in advance on the sintering machine, so that the liquid phase generation in the sintering and condensing process is affected, and the results of poor strength, poor metallurgical performance and the like are caused. If the sintering end point is too late, the sintering process is incomplete, partial sintering materials are not fully reacted, the mixture of finished sintering ore and unburned raw materials is formed, the strength and granularity of the sintering ore are poor, the chemical components are imbalance, the metallurgical performance is deteriorated, and the like, meanwhile, the sintering return ore is imbalance, difficulty is brought to sintering production and blast furnace operation, when the sintering end point is too late, the unburned raw materials have coke powder to form secondary combustion under the blowing action of a circular cooler, the phenomenon of red ore which cannot be cooled is generated, the normal operation of the sintering ore is threatened, and the effects of production stopping, belt burning and the like are caused.
Because the sintering production process is a multivariable, nonlinear, time-lapse and multi-disturbance process, the sintering end point control is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model, and the sintering end point position is difficult to predict and regulate by utilizing the traditional control theory.
The conventional sintering end point control method is to control the sintering end point BTP at about the 2 nd windbox at the end of the sintering machine by adjusting the machine speed of the sintering machine. In the operation process of the sintering machine, the single property and obvious hysteresis exist by adjusting the machine speed of the sintering machine to achieve the proper sintering end position, and the hysteresis is generally more than 2 hours.
Because the sintering production is continuous, the sintering machine is continuously operated, the sintering process is to firstly distribute the sintering material on the sintering machine, then perform ignition sintering, the distributed sintering material needs to be operated from the head of the sintering machine to the tail of the sintering machine for more than half an hour, if the sintering end position of the sintering machine is found to be unsuitable for adjusting the technological parameters of the sintering machine, the sintering material distributed on the sintering machine is operated, and a new sintering material after readjusting the technological parameters of the sintering machine needs to be operated from the head of the sintering machine to the tail of the sintering machine for at least more than 2 hours. Therefore, obvious hysteresis exists in the position of the sintering end point by controlling the machine speed of the sintering machine, the sintering machine is in a sightseeing waiting period within 2 hours, and the quality of the sintered mineral products is greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for controlling a sintering end point by a synthesis speed aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps: the sintering end position is determined by a synthesis speed V 01, wherein the synthesis speed V 01=（V2+V0 2）1/2; wherein V 0 represents the vertical sintering speed and V represents the machine speed of the sintering machine.
When the vertical sintering speed V 1＜V0 is set to V 11,V11＜V01, the sintering end position is retarded, and the sintering machine speed V and the vertical sintering speed V 1 are set to V 01.
When the vertical sintering speed V 2＞V0 is set, the synthesis speed of the sintering machine V and the vertical sintering speed V 2 is set to V 21,V21＞V01, the sintering end position is advanced, and the sintering machine speed needs to be reduced to be smaller than V, so that the synthesis speed is close to V 01.
Further, the effective length Le (unit m) of the sintering machine, the machine speed V (unit m/min) of the sintering machine, the layer thickness H (unit mm) of the sintering machine, the bedding thickness H (unit mm), the effective thickness He (unit mm) =h-H of the sintering material, if the sintering machine has N bellows in total, the tail bellows length L 1 (unit m) is aimed at controlling the sintering end position at the middle position of the N-1 th bellows, and the sintering end position L (m) =le- (L 1+1/2L1）＝Le－3/2L1).
Further, the vertical sintering speed is changed according to the moisture of the sintering material, the loading density of the sintering material, the thickness of a material layer of the sintering machine, the sintering air quantity and the negative pressure of a sintering main pipe, and meanwhile, the sintering end position is controlled by combining with adjusting the machine speed of the sintering machine.
Further, when the moisture of the sintering material is within the range of +/-0.2 of the target value, the thickness of the sintering material layer, the speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan are not adjusted.
When the moisture of the sintering material is greater than the target value +0.2, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is increased, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
When the moisture of the sintering material is smaller than the target value-0.2, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
Further, when the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is within the range of +/-10 mm of the target value, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is basically unchanged, and the moisture of the sintering material, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan are not adjusted.
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is greater than the target value +10mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the moisture of the sintering material is required to be reduced, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is adjusted.
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is smaller than the target value of-10 mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is reduced, the moisture of the sintering material is not adjusted, the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is adjusted.
Further, when the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is within the range of target value +/-0.6 KPa, the moisture of the sintering material, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the thickness of the sintering machine material layer are not adjusted.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is greater than the target value +0.6KPa, firstly maintaining the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine unchanged, checking whether the moisture of the sintering material is dry or wet, adjusting the moisture to a proper value, and increasing the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan; if the moisture of the sintering material and the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan are regulated, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is still high, and when the raw material at the tail of the sintering machine is not burned, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is required to be reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is smaller than the target value-0.6 KPa, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is reduced, the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced, and the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
Further, when the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the thickness of the material layer is increased, and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of the main exhaust fan is increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of the round roller feeder is synchronously reduced, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
Further, when the moisture of the sintering material is increased, the thickness of the material layer is reduced and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of the main exhaust fan is increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of the round roller feeder is synchronously accelerated, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
Further, when the sintering main exhaust gas temperature is within the range of target value + -10 ℃, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is not adjusted.
When the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is higher than the target value of +10 ℃, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced by 1-2%.
When the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is smaller than the target value of minus 10 ℃, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%.
Further, when the sintering end temperature is within the range of + -30 ℃ of the target value, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are not adjusted.
When the sintering end temperature is higher than the target value +30 ℃, the material layer thickness is increased, the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is regulated, and the end temperature is reduced to the target value +/-30 ℃.
When the sintering end temperature is less than the target value of minus 30 ℃, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is increased by 1-2%, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are kept unchanged, and the sintering end temperature is recovered to be within the range of +/-30 ℃ of the target value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects.
The invention aims at controlling the sintering end point position by using the synthesis speed, and achieving the high quality, high yield, low consumption and maximized benefit of the sintering machine by judging the intervention in advance and comprehensively regulating the sintering end point by using the synthesis speed of the horizontal movement speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine and then using the parameters such as the moisture of the sintering material, the thickness of the material layer, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe and the like.
When the moisture of the sintering material, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe are changed, quantitative analysis is carried out on the change trend of the vertical sintering speed, the operation parameters of the sintering machine are adjusted early, the adjustment period is shortened, the effects of wind, water and carbon in the sintering process are balanced according to the sintering mechanism, and the purpose of comprehensively adjusting the sintering end point at a proper position in a small-amplitude, early pre-judging and multi-means manner is achieved in the initial stage of the sintering process and the just-changed sintering material.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the sintering process velocity analysis of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the "control of sintering end position with synthesis speed" efficiency of a 360m 2 sintering machine.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary table of sinter moisture adjustment.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary table of sinter machine layer thickness adjustment.
FIG. 5 is an example table of sintering manifold negative pressure regulation.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary table of sintering manifold exhaust gas temperature regulation.
Fig. 7 is a table showing an example of sintering end point temperature adjustment.
Detailed Description
The sintering end point position is determined under the combined action of the horizontal moving speed V of the sintering machine (namely the machine speed of the sintering machine) and the vertical sintering speed V 0 (the synthesis speed V 01), the sintering operation target is that the sintering end point is controlled to be in the middle of the (N-1) th bellows (the sintering machine has N bellows), namely the synthesis speed is controlled to be V 01, and then the sintering end point can be controlled to be at the target position.
In daily sintering production, when the moisture of the sintering material, the negative pressure of a sintering main pipe, the thickness of a sintering machine material layer and the like are changed, the vertical sintering speed is changed (or is larger than V 0 or smaller than V 0), and the technical key point of the technology is that the machine speed of the sintering machine (or is smaller than V or larger than V) is correspondingly adjusted, so that the synthesis speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed basically maintains a constant value (V 01) so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the sintering end point at a target position.
As shown in fig. 1, V 1、V0、V2 represents three vertical sintering speeds and V 1 ＜V0 ＜V2,V11、V01、V21 represents a combination speed of the three vertical sintering speeds and the sintering machine speed V, respectively, when the machine speed V of the sintering machine is unchanged.
The effective length Le (m) of the sintering machine, the machine speed V (m/min) of the sintering machine, the material layer thickness H (mm) of the sintering machine, the base material thickness H (mm), the effective thickness He (mm) =H-H of the sintering material, N bellows in total, the tail bellows length L 1 (m) and the aim of controlling the sintering end position to be in the middle of the (N-1) bellows are achieved, and then the sintering end position L (m) =le- (L 1+1/2L1）＝Le－3/2L1).
When the machine speed of the sintering machine is V (m/min), the sintering time T (min) =l/V, the vertical sintering speed V 0 (mm/min) =he/T, and the synthesis speed V 01＝（V2+V0 2）1/2 corresponding to the end position.
When the vertical sintering speed V 1＜V0 is set to V 11,V11＜V01, the sintering end position is retarded, and the sintering machine speed V and the vertical sintering speed V 1 are set to V 01.
When the vertical sintering speed V 2＞V0 is set, the synthesis speed of V 21,V21＞V01 is set to the combination speed of V 2 and V 21,V21＞V01, the sintering end position is advanced, and the sintering machine is required to be properly lowered to a speed less than V, so that the synthesis speed is close to V 01.
Factors influencing the vertical sintering speed include iron ore powder sintering characteristics, flux ratio (sinter basicity), solid fuel ratio and particle size, sinter grain composition, sinter moisture, sinter charge density, sinter bed thickness, bedding thickness, sinter air volume, sinter manifold negative pressure, and the like. The sintering characteristics of the iron ore powder, the flux ratio (sinter alkalinity), the solid fuel ratio and the granularity, the sinter grain composition, the sinter charge density and the bedding thickness can be regarded as relatively unchanged in a period, so that the vertical sintering speed can be changed according to the moisture of the sinter charge, the sinter charge density, the layer thickness of the sintering machine, the sintering air quantity and the negative pressure of a sintering main pipe, and the sintering end point position can be controlled by properly adjusting the machine speed of the sintering machine.
Based on the above, when the moisture of the sintering material, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe are changed, quantitative analysis is made on the change trend of the vertical sintering speed, the operation parameters of the sintering machine are adjusted as soon as possible, the adjustment period is shortened, the effects of wind, water and carbon in the sintering process are balanced according to the sintering mechanism, and the purpose of comprehensively adjusting the sintering end point at a proper position in a small range, in advance in the initial stage of the sintering process and the sintering material just changed is achieved.
The operation points of the sintering machine (all types of sintering machines) are summarized as follows: 1. and (5) sintering material moisture.
When the moisture of the sintering material is within the range of (target value + -0.2), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is basically unchanged (namely, fluctuation + -0.2%), and the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan can be not adjusted.
When the moisture of the sintering material is greater than (target value +0.2), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is automatically thinned, and the vertical sintering speed is reduced, so that the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly increased, and the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
When the moisture of the sintering material is smaller than (target value-0.2), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is automatically thickened, and the vertical sintering speed is increased, so that the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly slowed down, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
2. Sintering machine layer thickness.
When the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is within the range of (target value + -10 mm), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe (namely fluctuation + -10 mm) is basically unchanged, and the moisture of the sintering material, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan can not be adjusted.
When the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is larger than (target value +10mm), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the moisture of the sintering material is required to be reduced, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is properly increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly slowed down, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is adjusted.
When the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is smaller than (target value-10 mm), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is reduced, the moisture of the sintering material is not adjusted, the opening of an air door of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly accelerated, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is adjusted.
3. And sintering the main pipe to be negative pressure.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is within the range of (target value + -0.6 KPa), the moisture of the sintering material, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the thickness of the sintering machine material layer can not be adjusted.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is larger than (target value +0.6KPa), the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are maintained unchanged, whether the moisture of the sintering material is dry or wet is checked, the moisture is adjusted to a proper value, and the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan is properly increased; if the moisture of the sintering material and the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan are regulated, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is still high, and when the raw material at the tail of the sintering machine is not burned, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is required to be properly reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is smaller than (target value-0.6 KPa), the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced, the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is properly increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly reduced, and the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
4. And when the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the thickness of the material layer is increased, and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is properly increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of a round roller feeder is synchronously reduced, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
5. And when the moisture of the sintering material is increased, the thickness of the material layer is reduced and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of the round roller feeder is synchronously accelerated, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
6. Sintering manifold exhaust gas temperature.
When the sintering main exhaust gas temperature is within the range of (target value + -10 ℃), the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is not adjusted (i.e. fluctuation + -10 ℃).
When the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is higher than (target value +10℃), the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced by 1-2%.
When the temperature of the sintering main pipe waste gas is smaller than (the target value is minus 10 ℃), the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%.
7. Sintering end temperature.
When the sintering end temperature is within the range of (target value + -30 ℃), the material layer thickness of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are not adjusted.
When the sintering end temperature is higher than (target value +30℃), the material layer thickness is properly increased, the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the vertical sintering speed close to the end position is regulated, and the end temperature is reduced to (target value + -30 ℃).
When the sintering end temperature is smaller than (target value minus 30 ℃), the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are kept unchanged, and the sintering end temperature is restored to be within the range of (target value plus or minus 30 ℃).
7. The initial stage of the change of each operation parameter of the sintering machine is pre-judged and adjusted in a targeted way, and the sintering end position is effectively controlled by the synthesis speed before the sintering process is not deteriorated. As shown in FIG. 2, the efficiency measuring and calculating table of the sintering machine 'sintering end point position controlled by the synthesis speed' of 360m 2 is shown.
Specific example 1: some 405m 2 sintering machine, the effective length le=90 m of the sintering machine, the total number of the windboxes is 24, the length of the tail windbox is 4m, the sintering end position is controlled at 23.5 windboxes, and the sintering end position L=90 m- (4+2) m=84 m (at 84m of the effective length of the sintering machine).
Under a certain raw material proportion, the thickness H=900 mm of a sintering machine material layer, the thickness h=50 mm of a bedding material, the effective thickness He=900 mm-50 mm=850 mm of the sintering material, the proper moisture of the sintering material is 7.6%, the opening degree of a throttle of a 1# main exhaust fan is 88%, the opening degree of a throttle of a 2# main exhaust fan is 89%, the negative pressure 1# of a proper sintering main pipe is 15.6KPa/2# is 15.8KPa, the exhaust gas temperature 1# of the proper sintering main pipe is 125 ℃/2# and 130 ℃, the proper sintering end temperature 1# is 370 ℃/2# and 380 ℃, the sintering time T=84 m/2.16 m/min=38.89 min, the vertical sintering speed V 0 =850 mm/38.89 mm/min=21.86 mm/min, and the synthesis speed V 01＝（2.16×2.16＋21.86×21.86）1/2 = 21.964 corresponding to the end position.
1) Vertical sintering speed.
When the vertical sintering speed is less than 21.86mm/min, the sintering end position is lagged (before the 23.5 bellows), and the sintering machine speed is required to be properly increased to be more than 2.16m/min, so that the synthesis speed is close to 21.964.
When the vertical sintering speed is greater than 21.86mm/min, the sintering end position is advanced (after the 23.5 bellows), and the sintering machine speed is required to be properly reduced to be less than 2.16m/min, so that the synthesis speed is close to 21.964.
2) And (5) sintering material moisture.
When the moisture of the sintering material fluctuates by 7.4-7.8%, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is basically unchanged, and the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan can not be adjusted.
When the moisture of the sintering material is more than 7.8%, such as 8.0%, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased to 16.3KPa, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is automatically thinned to 880mm, the effective thickness of the sintering material is 830mm, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan needs to be properly increased by 1-2% (the throttle opening of the No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, the throttle opening of the No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%), the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly accelerated to 2.212m/min, and the vertical sintering speed is 21.857mm/min, so that the synthetic speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.968, and the synthetic speed corresponding to the end point position is close to 21.964.
When the moisture of the sintering material is less than 7.4%, such as 7.2%, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased to 16.4KPa, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is automatically thickened to 930mm, the effective thickness of the sintering material is 880mm, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%, the throttle opening of the No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, the throttle opening of the No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is properly slowed down to 2.087m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.864mm/min, the synthetic speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.963, and the synthetic speed corresponding to the end point position is close to 21.964. An example of sinter moisture conditioning is shown in FIG. 3.
3) Sintering machine layer thickness.
When the thickness of the sintering machine material layer is within the range of (900+/-10 mm), the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is basically unchanged, and the moisture of the sintering material, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan can not be adjusted.
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is larger than 910mm, such as 920mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased to 16.5KPa, the moisture of the sintering material is required to be reduced to 7.2%, the opening of a throttle of a main exhaust fan is properly increased to 1-2%, the opening of a throttle of a No.1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, the opening of a throttle of a No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced to 2.111m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.864mm/min, the synthetic speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed is 21.965, and the synthetic speed corresponding to the end position is close to 21.964.
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is less than 890mm, for example 880mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is reduced to 15.4KPa, the moisture of the sintering material is not regulated, the opening of a throttle of a main exhaust fan is properly reduced by 1-2%, the opening of a throttle of a No. 1 main exhaust fan is regulated to 87-86%, the opening of a throttle of a No. 2 main exhaust fan is regulated to 88-87%, the speed of the sintering machine is properly accelerated to 2.212m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.857mm/min, the synthesis speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.968, and the synthesis speed is 21.964 which corresponds to the end point position. FIG. 4 is a table illustrating exemplary adjustments in sinter machine layer thickness.
4) And sintering the main pipe to be negative pressure.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is in the range of (15.8+/-0.6 KPa), the moisture of the sintering material, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the thickness of the sintering machine material layer can not be adjusted.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is greater than 16.4KPa, for example, 16.6KPa, the thickness of a sintering machine material layer is 900mm and the machine speed of the sintering machine is 2.16m/min, whether the moisture of the sintering material is dry or wet is checked, the moisture is adjusted to a proper value of 7.6%, the throttle opening of a main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%, the throttle opening of a No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, and the throttle opening of a No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%. If the moisture of the sintering material is regulated to 7.6% and the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is increased by 1-2%, the negative pressure of a sintering main pipe is still 16.6KPa, and when the raw material is not burnt out at the tail of the sintering machine, the thickness of a material layer of the sintering machine is required to be properly reduced to 880mm, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated to 2.212m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.857mm/min, the synthesis speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.968, and the synthesis speed is close to the synthesis speed 21.964 corresponding to the end position.
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is less than 15.2KPa, for example, 15.0KPa, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced by 1-2%, the throttle opening of the No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 87-86%, the throttle opening of the No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 88-87%, the thickness of the sintering machine material layer is properly increased to 920mm, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced to 2.111m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.864mm/min, the synthesis speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.965, and the synthesis speed corresponding to the end point position is close to 21.964. FIG. 5 is an example table of sintering manifold negative pressure regulation.
5) And when the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the thickness of the material layer is increased and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening of an air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
6) And when the moisture of the sintering material is increased, the thickness of the material layer is reduced and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening of an air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
7) Sintering manifold exhaust gas temperature.
When the sintering main exhaust gas temperature (taking the sintering machine No. 2 flue as a control object) is in the range of (130+/-10 ℃), the throttle opening degree 1# of the main exhaust fan is 88%/2# is 89%, and no adjustment is performed.
When the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is higher than 140 ℃, such as 150 ℃, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly reduced by 1-2%, the throttle opening of the No.1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 87-86%, and the throttle opening of the No.2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 88-87%.
When the temperature of the sintering main pipe waste gas is lower than 120 ℃, such as 110 ℃, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%, the throttle opening of the No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, and the throttle opening of the No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%. FIG. 6 is an exemplary table of sintering manifold exhaust gas temperature regulation.
8) Sintering end temperature.
When the sintering end temperature is within the range of (380+/-30 ℃), the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is 900mm, the machine speed of the sintering machine is 2.16m/min, and the synthesis speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.964.
When the sintering end temperature is higher than 410 ℃, such as 450 ℃, the material layer thickness is properly increased to 930mm, the moisture of the sintering material is reduced to 7.2%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced to 2.087m/min, the vertical sintering speed is 21.864mm/min, the synthesis speed of the machine speed and the vertical sintering speed of the sintering machine is 21.963, the synthesis speed corresponding to the end position is close to 21.964, and the end temperature is reduced to 380+/-30 ℃.
When the sintering end temperature is less than 350 ℃, such as 330 ℃, the throttle opening of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%, the throttle opening of the No. 1 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 89-90%, the throttle opening of the No. 2 main exhaust fan is adjusted to 90-91%, the sintering machine material layer thickness and the sintering machine speed are kept unchanged, and the sintering end temperature is recovered to be within the (380+/-30 ℃) range. Fig. 7 is a table showing an example of sintering end point temperature adjustment.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the sintering machine starts from ignition, and the sintering process is performed.
The sintering process is carried out from top to bottom, and the material layer is divided into five bands from top to bottom: a sinter belt, a combustion belt, a preheating drying belt, an over-wet belt and an original sinter belt.
The solid fuel on the surface layer of the material layer is ignited and burned to release heat, the surface layer sinter is sintered and solidified to form a sinter belt, the sinter belt moves downwards gradually (i.e. vertical sintering speed) along with the sintering process, the air pumped into the material layer by the main exhaust fan is forced to pass through the sinter belt and the burn belt, the heat is transferred to the sinter material to form a preheating dry belt, moisture in the sinter material is gathered to form an over-wet belt, and the original sinter material belt is not subjected to physical change and chemical reaction.
Along with the sintering process, the solid fuel in the material layer is burnt, namely the burning zone is ended (reaching the positions of the bottom materials and the furnace bars), namely the sintering is ended, the burning zone forms a sinter zone after liquid phase crystallization and condensation, the whole material layer forms the sinter zone from top to bottom, and the sintering process is ended, and the finished sinter blast furnace is formed after dumping, crushing, cooling and granulating.
The invention aims to control the sintering end point at the position of the penultimate bellows by prejudging operation parameters in advance and intervening in advance to adjust the synthesis speed, thereby fully utilizing the sintering area without lagging the sintering end point and achieving the aims of improving the yield and the quality.
It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the present invention is provided for illustration only and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention may be modified or substituted for the same technical effects; as long as the use requirement is met, the invention is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate, comprising the steps of: the sintering end position is determined by a synthesis speed V 01, wherein the synthesis speed V 01=（V2+V0 2）1/2;
The effective length Le of the sintering machine, the machine speed V of the sintering machine, the material layer thickness H of the sintering machine, the base material layer thickness H and the effective thickness He=H-H of the sintering material, if the sintering machine has N bellows and the tail bellows length L 1, the aim is to control the sintering end position to be at the middle position of the N-1 bellows, and the sintering end position L=le- (L) 1+1/2L1）＝Le－3/2L1;
When the machine speed of the sintering machine is V, the sintering time T=L/V; standard vertical sintering speed V 0 =he/T, synthesis speed V 01=（V2+V0 2）1/2 corresponding to end position;
Maintaining the synthesis speed V 01 at a constant value to control the sintering end point to be at a target position;
V 1、V2 represents the instantaneous vertical sintering speed, and V 1 ＜V0 ＜V2;
When the instantaneous vertical sintering speed is V 1, the synthesis speed of the machine speed V of the sintering machine and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed V 1 is V 11,V11＜V01, the sintering end position is lagged, and the machine speed of the sintering machine needs to be increased to be larger than V, so that the synthesis speed is close to V 01;
When the instantaneous vertical sintering speed is V 2, the synthesis speed of the sintering machine V and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed V 2 is V 21,V21＞V01, and the sintering end position is advanced, the sintering machine speed needs to be reduced to be smaller than V, so that the synthesis speed is close to V 01.
2. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: the instantaneous vertical sintering speed is changed according to the moisture of the sintering material, the loading density of the sintering material, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine, the sintering air quantity and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe, and meanwhile, the sintering end position is controlled by combining with adjusting the machine speed of the sintering machine.
3. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: when the moisture of the sintering material is within the range of +/-0.2 of the target value, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan are not adjusted;
When the moisture of the sintering material is greater than the target value +0.2, increasing the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan, and improving the machine speed of the sintering machine to enable the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthesis speed of the instantaneous vertical sintering speed to approach to the synthesis speed V 01 corresponding to the end position;
when the moisture of the sintering material is smaller than the target value-0.2, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, and the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed is close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
4. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: when the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is within the range of +/-10 mm of the target value, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is basically unchanged, and the moisture of the sintering material, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan are not adjusted;
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is greater than the target value +10mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the moisture of the sintering material is required to be reduced, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed close to the end position is adjusted;
When the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is smaller than the target value of-10 mm, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is reduced, the moisture of the sintering material is not adjusted, the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated, and the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the sintering machine and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed is close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
5. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: when the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is within the range of the target value +/-0.6 KPa, the moisture of the sintering material, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan, the machine speed of the sintering machine and the thickness of a material layer of the sintering machine are not adjusted;
When the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is greater than the target value +0.6KPa, firstly maintaining the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine unchanged, checking whether the moisture of the sintering material is dry or wet, adjusting the moisture to a proper value, and increasing the opening of an air door of a main exhaust fan; if the moisture of the sintering material and the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan are regulated, the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is still high, and when the raw material at the tail of the sintering machine is not burned, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine is required to be reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is accelerated, and the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthesis speed of the instantaneous vertical sintering speed are close to the synthesis speed V 01 corresponding to the end position;
when the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is smaller than the target value-0.6 KPa, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is reduced, the material layer thickness of the sintering machine is increased, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced, and the machine speed of the sintering machine and the synthetic speed of the instantaneous vertical sintering speed are close to the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the end position.
6. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: and when the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the thickness of the material layer is increased, and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of the sintering machine is reduced by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of a round roller feeder is synchronously slowed down, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
7. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: and when the moisture of the sintering material is increased, the thickness of the material layer is reduced and the negative pressure of the sintering main pipe is increased, the opening degree of an air door of a main exhaust fan is increased by 2-4%, the machine speed of a sintering machine is accelerated by 0.1-0.2 m/min, the rotating speed of a round roller feeder is synchronously accelerated, the thickness of the material layer is recovered, and the moisture of the sintering material is recovered to a target value in time.
8. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: when the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is within the range of the target value +/-10 ℃, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is not adjusted;
when the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is higher than the target value of +10 ℃, properly reducing the opening of an air door of the main exhaust fan by 1-2%;
When the temperature of the waste gas of the sintering main pipe is smaller than the target value of minus 10 ℃, the opening degree of the air door of the main exhaust fan is properly increased by 1-2%.
9. A method of controlling a sintering end point at a synthesis rate according to claim 1, wherein: when the sintering end temperature is within the range of +/-30 ℃ of the target value, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are not adjusted;
When the sintering end point temperature is higher than the target value +30 ℃, the material layer thickness is increased, the moisture of the sintering material is reduced, the machine speed of the sintering machine is slowed down, the synthetic speed V 01 corresponding to the synthetic speed of the machine speed of the sintering machine and the instantaneous vertical sintering speed close to the end point position is regulated, and meanwhile, the end point temperature is reduced to the target value +/-30 ℃;
When the sintering end temperature is less than the target value of minus 30 ℃, the opening of the air door of the main exhaust fan is increased by 1-2%, the thickness of the material layer of the sintering machine and the machine speed of the sintering machine are kept unchanged, and the sintering end temperature is recovered to be within the range of +/-30 ℃ of the target value.
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