CN113084382A - Piston machining method and tool for piston machining - Google Patents
Piston machining method and tool for piston machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084382A CN113084382A CN202110377106.3A CN202110377106A CN113084382A CN 113084382 A CN113084382 A CN 113084382A CN 202110377106 A CN202110377106 A CN 202110377106A CN 113084382 A CN113084382 A CN 113084382A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/006—Safety devices for welding or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piston processing method and a tool for processing a piston, wherein the piston processing method comprises the following steps: and performing local remelting on the piston or welding the head part and the skirt part of the piston, and cooling the ring-inserting part of the piston by using a cooling device in the process. The tool for processing the piston is applied to the piston processing method, and comprises the following steps: the tool body is used for arranging and positioning the piston so as to perform local remelting on the piston or weld the head part and the skirt part of the piston; and the cooling device is connected with the tool body and is used for cooling the ring embedding part of the piston. When the piston is subjected to local remelting or the head and the skirt part of the piston are welded, the ring embedding part of the piston is cooled by the cooling device so as to reduce the temperature around the ring embedding part, enable the ring embedding to be in a heat stable state, weaken the sharp temperature difference change of the ring embedding part, reduce the damage of thermal stress to the ring embedding bonding, reduce the bonding rejection rate of the ring embedding of the piston and improve the quality and the qualification rate of the piston.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piston machining processes, in particular to a piston machining method. In addition, the invention also relates to a tool for processing the piston, which is applied to the piston processing method.
Background
As is known, the mechanical load and the thermal load borne by the piston of the engine are greatly increased due to the continuous increase of the explosion pressure of the engine, for example, the working temperature of the piston head can reach more than 400 ℃ during working, which puts high requirements on the thermal fatigue resistance of the piston head.
In order to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of the piston head, high-energy beam remelting strengthening treatment is usually performed on the top surface of the piston head, a ring groove area, a throat part of a combustion chamber and the like, wherein the high-energy beam comprises plasma beam, electron beam or laser beam and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, it is a schematic diagram of the prior art that the combustion chamber throat 34 of the piston 3 is treated by local remelting, so as to refine the grain structure of the combustion chamber throat 34 of the piston 3, and obtain a layer of significantly refined metallographic structure, so as to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of the combustion chamber throat 34 of the piston 3, and therefore, the reliability and the service life of the piston 3 are improved without changing the chemical composition of the material of the combustion chamber throat 34 of the piston 3.
In addition, in the manufacturing process of the piston 3, in order to improve the performance, the high-temperature strength and the service life of the piston 3, the head 31 of the piston 3 is generally formed by casting, the skirt 32 of the piston 3 is formed by forging, and then the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3 are fixedly connected by welding (as shown in fig. 8), so that the piston 3 has high strength and is suitable for the development of high explosion pressure of an engine.
However, in both the processes of partially remelting the combustion chamber throat 34 of the piston 3 and welding the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3, the temperature difference between the parts of the piston 3 before and after the two processes is performed is large, which causes a large thermal stress in the process and a large influence on the adhesion of the insert 33 of the piston 3.
It can be understood that the base material of the piston body is an aluminum base material, the insert 33 of the piston 3 is generally cast by the albefen method from a high-nickel cast iron material, and since the bonding force between the aluminum base material and the high-nickel cast iron material is limited, and the bonding failure is easy to occur in an environment with a large thermal stress, the local remelting, welding and other processes of the piston 3 easily cause the generation of bonding waste products of the insert 33 of the piston 3, that is, the high defect rate of the bonding of the insert 33 of the piston 3 becomes a bottleneck restricting the industrial development of the remelting or welded piston product.
In summary, the problem that how to solve the high rejection rate of the piston ring insert bonding caused by the processes of local remelting, welding and the like of the piston is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a piston processing method to reduce the rejection rate of the piston insert bonding and improve the quality and yield of the piston product.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a piston machining tool applied to the piston machining method, which can ensure a low defective rate of the piston insert bonding in use.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a piston machining method, comprising:
and performing local remelting on the piston or welding the head and the skirt part of the piston, and cooling the ring-inlaid part of the head of the piston by using a cooling device in the process.
The utility model provides a frock for piston processing, is applied to above-mentioned piston processing method, includes:
the tool body is used for arranging and positioning the piston so as to perform local remelting on the piston or weld the head part and the skirt part of the piston;
and the cooling device is connected with the tool body and used for cooling the ring embedding part of the piston.
Preferably, cooling device include with the cooling body that the frock body links to each other, the cooling body is equipped with:
the cooling cavity is used for introducing cooling liquid;
a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are respectively communicated with the cooling cavity.
Preferably, the cooling chamber has an opening on a side facing the insert region.
Preferably, the cooling body is provided with a sealing ring which is used for being in sealing connection with the piston so as to seal a space enclosed by the cooling cavity and the insert ring part.
Preferably, the cooling body is provided with:
the sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove;
an air passage communicating with the seal groove;
and the sealing air interface is communicated with the air passage and is used for switching and connecting external air pumping equipment and external air charging equipment.
Preferably, the cooling cavity is an annular cavity which is circumferentially communicated, a partition plate is arranged in the cooling cavity, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively close to the partition plate and are arranged on two sides of the partition plate.
Preferably, the tool body comprises a positioning table for positioning the piston, and the positioning table can be lifted.
Preferably, the tool body further comprises a rotary support table for driving the positioning table to rotate.
Preferably, the cooling body is fixedly connected with the output part of the rotary support table.
The piston processing method provided by the invention has the advantages that the insert ring part of the piston is cooled while the piston is locally remelted or the head part and the skirt part of the piston are welded, so that the temperature around the insert ring of the piston is reduced, the insert ring part is ensured to be in a heat stable state in the process of locally remelting the piston or welding the head part and the skirt part of the piston, the rapid temperature difference change of the insert ring part of the piston is weakened, the damage of thermal stress on the insert ring bonding is reduced, the bonding state of the insert ring and the piston body is maintained, the rejection rate of the piston insert ring bonding is reduced, and the quality and the qualification rate of piston products are improved.
The tool for processing the piston is applied to the piston processing method, when the tool for processing the piston is used, the piston is arranged on the tool body at first, so that the piston is positioned on the tool body, at the moment, the cooling device is just aligned to the ring embedding part of the piston, and the ring embedding part of the piston can be cooled, therefore, when the piston is locally remelted or the head part and the skirt part of the piston are welded, and the like, the ring embedding part of the piston can be cooled by the cooling device, so as to reduce the temperature around the ring embedding part of the piston, ensure that the ring embedding is in a heat stable state in the process of locally remelting the piston or welding the head part and the skirt part of the piston, weaken the sharp temperature difference change of the ring embedding part of the piston, reduce the damage of thermal stress to the ring embedding and keep the bonding state of the ring embedding and the piston body, the rejection rate of the piston insert ring bonding is reduced, and the quality and the qualification rate of piston products are improved.
In addition, the cooling device is used for cooling the insert ring of the piston, and the solidification speed of the local remelting part of the piston is accelerated, so that the grain structure of the local remelting part of the piston (such as the local area of the throat of the combustion chamber) is thinner, and the fatigue resistance of the material of the local remelting part of the piston (such as the local area of the throat of the combustion chamber) is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a piston is partially remelted by using the tool for machining a piston according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (partially cut away) of the tool for processing a piston according to the embodiment of the present invention when the piston is not mounted;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view illustrating a head portion and a skirt portion of a piston welded by using the tool for processing a piston shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of welding the head and the skirt of the piston after being turned over by using the tool for processing the piston shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a prior art structure for localized remelting of a piston;
fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a structure for welding a head portion and a skirt portion of a piston according to the prior art.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 8 are as follows:
1 is a tool body, 11 is a positioning table, 12 is a rotary supporting table, 21 is a cooling body, 22 is a cooling cavity, 23 is a liquid inlet, 24 is a liquid outlet, 25 is a sealing ring, 26 is a sealing groove, 27 is an air passage, 28 is a sealing air interface, 29 is a clapboard, 3 is a piston, 31 is a head part, 32 is a skirt part, 33 is an insert ring, 34 is a combustion chamber throat, and 35 is a welding line.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a piston processing method to reduce the rejection rate of piston ring-insert bonding and improve the quality and the qualification rate of piston products. The other core of the invention is to provide a tool for processing the piston, which is applied to the piston processing method and can ensure that the rejection rate of the piston insert ring bonding is low when in use.
The invention provides a piston processing method, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out local remelting on the piston or welding the head part and the skirt part of the piston, and cooling the ring-inlaid part of the head part of the piston by using a cooling device in the process.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the process of local remelting of the piston and the process of welding the head and the skirt of the piston are respectively the same as the conventional process of local remelting of the piston and the process of welding the head and the skirt of the piston in the prior art; in addition, please refer to the prior art for other processes and processing of the piston, which are not described herein.
The key point of the invention is that the ring embedding part of the piston is cooled by a cooling device in the process of local remelting of the piston or welding the head part and the skirt part of the piston.
That is, the invention carries out local remelting to the piston or welding the head and the skirt of the piston, and simultaneously carries out cooling to the ring embedding part of the piston so as to reduce the temperature around the ring embedding part of the piston, ensure that the ring embedding part is in a heat stable state in the process of carrying out local remelting to the piston or welding the head and the skirt of the piston, weaken the sharp temperature difference change of the ring embedding part of the piston, reduce the damage of thermal stress to the ring embedding adhesion, maintain the adhesion state of the ring embedding and the piston body, reduce the rejection rate of the ring embedding adhesion of the piston, and improve the quality and the qualification rate of piston products.
In addition, the cooling device is used for cooling the insert ring of the piston, and the solidification speed of the local remelting part of the piston is accelerated, so that the grain structure of the local remelting part of the piston (such as the local area of the throat of the combustion chamber) is thinner, and the fatigue resistance of the material of the local remelting part of the piston (such as the local area of the throat of the combustion chamber) is improved.
In the present embodiment, the specific structure of the cooling device is not limited as long as the cooling device can cool the insert ring portion of the piston.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a piston being partially remelted by using a tool for machining a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (partially cut away) of the tool for processing a piston according to the embodiment of the present invention when the piston is not mounted; FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view illustrating a head portion and a skirt portion of a piston welded by using the tool for processing a piston shown in FIG. 3; fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of welding the head and the skirt of the piston after the piston is turned over by using the tool for processing the piston shown in fig. 3.
Wherein, the direction of the vertical arrow in fig. 1 represents the lifting direction of the positioning table; the direction indicated by the rotation arrow in fig. 1 is the rotation direction of the rotary support table; the direction of the arrows in fig. 4 represents the flow direction of the cooling liquid.
In addition to the piston machining method, the invention also provides a tool for machining the piston, which is applied to the piston machining method disclosed in the embodiment, and the tool for machining the piston comprises a tool body 1 and a cooling device connected with the tool body 1.
Specifically, the tool body 1 is used for arranging and positioning the piston 3 so as to partially remelt the piston 3 or weld the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3.
It can be understood that, after the piston 3 is positioned on the tool body 1, the local remelting position of the piston 3 or the welding position of the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3 is exposed to the outside, so as to perform the local remelting operation on the piston 3 or the welding operation on the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3.
The cooling device is used for cooling the insert ring 33 of the piston 3.
It can be understood that, after the cooling device is connected with the tool body 1, the cooling device is supported to a proper position, so that the insert ring 33 of the piston 3 is just aligned with the cooling device after the piston 3 is positioned on the tool body 1, and the cooling device is used for cooling the insert ring 33 of the piston 3.
It can be seen that when the tool for machining a piston is used, the piston 3 is firstly arranged on the tool body 1, the piston 3 is positioned on the tool body 1, at this time, the cooling device is just aligned with the insert 33 part of the piston 3, and the insert 33 part of the piston 3 can be cooled, so that when the piston 3 is locally remelted or the head part 31 and the skirt part 32 of the piston 3 are welded, the insert 33 part of the piston 3 can be cooled by the cooling device, the temperature around the insert 33 part of the piston 3 can be reduced, the insert 33 is ensured to be in a heat stable state in the process of locally remelting the piston 3 or welding the head part 31 and the skirt part 32 of the piston 3, rapid temperature difference change of the insert 33 part of the piston 3 is weakened, damage of the insert 33 caused by thermal stress is reduced, and the bonding state of the insert 33 and the piston 3 body is maintained, the rejection rate of the piston 3 with the embedded ring 33 is reduced, and the quality and the qualification rate of the piston 3 products are improved.
In addition, the cooling device is used for cooling the insert ring 33 of the piston 3, so that the solidification speed of the local remelting part of the piston 3 is accelerated, the grain structure of the local remelting part (such as the local area of the combustion chamber throat 34) of the piston 3 is thinner, and the fatigue resistance of the material of the local remelting part (such as the local area of the combustion chamber throat 34) of the piston 3 is improved.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the specific structure of the cooling device is not limited as long as it can cool the insert ring 33 of the piston 3.
As a preferable scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, the cooling device includes a cooling body 21 connected to the tool body 1, the cooling body 21 is provided with a cooling cavity 22 and a liquid inlet 23 and a liquid outlet 24 respectively communicated with the cooling cavity 22, and the cooling cavity 22 is used for introducing cooling liquid.
Specifically, during cooling, the cooling liquid can be introduced into the cooling cavity 22 through the liquid inlet 23, so that the cooling liquid flows in the cooling cavity 22 to take away heat generated by local remelting of the piston 3 or welding of the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3, and the like, thereby reducing the temperature around the insert 33 of the piston 3, reducing thermal stress, and being beneficial to maintaining the bonding state between the insert 33 and the body of the piston 3.
It can be understood that when the coolant flows to the liquid outlet 24, the coolant flows out from the liquid outlet 24, which is beneficial to discharging the coolant after absorbing heat and raising temperature, and the circulation ensures that the coolant with proper temperature is always in the cooling cavity 22, so as to effectively cool the insert 33 of the piston 3.
In the present invention, the specific medium of the coolant is not limited, and the coolant is preferably an engine oil having a temperature of (100 ± 30) ° c.
In order to increase the cooling effect on the insert 33 of the piston 3, the cooling chamber 22 is open on the side facing the insert 33 in the above-described embodiment.
That is, in the present embodiment, the cooling cavity 22 is opened toward the insert 33, so that the opening of the cooling cavity 22 just covers the insert 33 of the piston 3 after the piston 3 is mounted, and thus the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 22 directly contacts the insert 33 during cooling, the cooling liquid directly acts on the insert 33, the heat of the insert 33 is taken away, and the cooling effect is improved.
Further, in view of the sealing property of the connection between the cooling chamber 22 and the piston 3, and to prevent the cooling liquid in the cooling chamber 22 from flowing out from the opening and then flowing out along the contact gap between the cooling body 21 and the piston 3, in the above embodiment, the cooling body 21 is provided with the seal ring 25 for sealing connection with the piston 3 to seal the space enclosed by the cooling chamber 22 and the insert ring 33.
That is, after the piston 3 is positioned in the tool body 1, the sealing ring 25 presses the outer circular wall of the piston 3 for a complete circle, so as to realize sealing between the cooling body 21 and the piston 3, thereby preventing the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 22 from flowing out from the opening of the cooling cavity 22 and then flowing out along the contact gap between the cooling body 21 and the piston 3, and ensuring the sealing performance of the space enclosed by the cooling cavity 22 and the insert ring 33.
It will be appreciated that in order to completely seal the cooling chamber 22, the cooling chamber 22 is provided with sealing rings 25 on both sides.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the number of the sealing rings 25 on one side of the cooling cavity 22 is not particularly limited, and preferably, at least two sealing rings 25 are respectively disposed on two sides of the cooling cavity 22, so as to enhance the sealing effect on one side of the cooling cavity 22 through the combined action of the two sealing rings 25.
In addition, the sealing ring 25 needs to be pressed against the piston 3 in consideration of the sealing effect between the sealing ring 25 and the piston 3, and the pressing force of the sealing ring 25 against the piston 3 needs to be reduced in consideration of the convenience of installation of the piston 3 so as to pass the piston 3 through the inside of the sealing ring 25 when the piston 3 is installed.
In order to facilitate the installation of the piston 3 and at the same time ensure the sealing between the sealing ring 25 and the piston 3, on the basis of the above-described embodiments, the cooling body 21 is provided with a sealing groove 26, an air passage 27 and a sealing air connection 28.
Specifically, the sealing groove 26 is used for arranging the sealing ring 25, and the sealing ring 25 is embedded in the sealing groove 26.
The sealing groove 26 is communicated with an air passage 27, the air passage 27 is communicated with a sealing air interface 28, and the sealing air interface 28 is used for switching and connecting external air suction equipment and external air inflation equipment.
It should be noted that, when the piston 3 is installed to the tool body 1, the seal air port 28 is connected to an external air extraction device, and under the action of the external air extraction device, the air passage 27 and the seal groove 26 are in a low vacuum state, so that the seal ring 25 radially expands in the seal groove 26, the piston 3 is installed smoothly, and the piston 3 cannot be installed in place due to too large extrusion force of the seal ring 25 on the piston 3 is avoided.
After the piston 3 is installed in place, the sealing air port 28 is connected with external inflation equipment, so that the sealing air port 28 is inflated through the external inflation equipment, the air passage 27 and the sealing groove 26 are in a high-pressure state, the sealing ring 25 is contracted, the outer circular wall of the piston 3 is pressed tightly, the cooling cavity 22 and the insert ring 33 of the piston 3 form a closed space, then cooling liquid is introduced into the cooling cavity 22, and the piston 3 is locally remelted or the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3 are welded.
After the piston 3 is locally remelted or the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3 are welded, the cooling liquid is closed, the sealing air interface 28 is connected with external air extraction equipment again, the air passage 27 is extracted by the external air extraction equipment, the air passage 27 and the sealing groove 26 are in a low vacuum state, and therefore the sealing ring 25 is radially expanded in the sealing groove 26 so as to take away the piston 3.
And then installing the next piston 3 so as to locally remelt the next piston 3 or weld the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3, and repeating the steps to locally remelt the batch of pistons 3 or weld the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3.
Preferably, the gas ducts 27, which each communicate with a different sealing groove 26, finally converge into a sealing gas connection 28.
In addition, in order to cool the whole insert 33 to the maximum extent, in the above embodiment, the cooling chamber 22 is an annular cavity penetrating in the circumferential direction, the partition 29 is provided in the cooling chamber 22, and the liquid inlet 23 and the liquid outlet 24 are provided on both sides of the partition 29, respectively, near the partition 29.
That is to say, inlet 23 and liquid outlet 24 are located baffle 29 both sides respectively, and inlet 23 and liquid outlet 24 all are close to baffle 29 and set up, like this, after the coolant liquid got into cooling chamber 22 from inlet 23, flow along cooling chamber 22, can the at utmost cover piston 3 inlay circle 33 position, when coolant liquid flows to liquid outlet 24, flow from liquid outlet 24, so circulate, carry out the best liquid change to the coolant liquid, realize the preferred cooling effect to piston 3 inlay circle 33 position.
In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the specific structure of the tool body 1 is not limited, and in consideration of convenience in mounting the piston 3, it is preferable that the tool body 1 includes the positioning table 11 for positioning the piston 3, and the positioning table 11 is liftable.
That is to say, this embodiment adopts liftable location platform 11 to fix a position piston 3, when installing piston 3, can rise location platform 11 at first, then put piston 3 to location platform 11, realize the location of piston 3 at location platform 11, put into when reaching in place piston 3, drop location platform 11 again, make piston 3 stop to the position that its inlay ring 33 aligns with cooling chamber 22.
When removing the piston 3, the positioning table 11 can first be raised in order to remove the piston 3.
It will be appreciated that the insert ring 33 of the piston 3 is circumferentially annular, and therefore the cooling chamber 22 is preferably a circumferentially continuous annular cavity, so that the piston 3 is inserted from the cooling chamber 22 and placed on the positioning table 11 when the piston 3 is mounted.
In addition, the positioning table 11 can be lifted, and is also used for lifting the positioning table 11 when welding the head 31 and the skirt 32 of the piston 3, and positioning the piston 3 on the positioning table 11 after overturning, as shown in fig. 6, so that the head 31 and the skirt 32 to be welded of the piston 3 are exposed to the outside, and welding is facilitated.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the tool body 1 further includes a rotary support table 12 for driving the positioning table 11 to rotate.
That is, the rotary support 12 rotates to drive the positioning table 11 and the piston 3 positioned on the positioning table 11 to rotate together, so as to perform the process of partially remelting the piston 3 or welding the head and the skirt 32 of the piston 3.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the cooling body 21 is fixedly connected to the output portion of the rotary support table 12, and the cooling body 21 is slidably fitted to the positioning table 11.
That is, when the rotary support table 12 rotates, the cooling body 21 and the piston 3 are rotated together, which is advantageous for maintaining the sealing property between the cooling chamber 22 and the piston 3.
In addition, preferably, the cooling body 21 is in sliding fit with the positioning table 11, which is beneficial to guiding the lifting motion of the positioning table 11 and ensuring the stability of the lifting of the positioning table 11.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The piston machining method and the piston machining tool provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A piston machining method, comprising:
and performing local remelting on the piston or welding the head and the skirt part of the piston, and cooling the ring-inlaid part of the head of the piston by using a cooling device in the process.
2. A piston machining tool applied to the piston machining method according to claim 1, comprising:
the tool body (1) is used for arranging and positioning the piston (3) so as to perform local remelting on the piston (3) or weld the head part (31) and the skirt part (32) of the piston (3);
and the cooling device is connected with the tool body (1) and is used for cooling the part of the insert ring (33) of the piston (3).
3. The tooling for machining the piston as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooling device comprises a cooling body (21) connected with the tooling body (1), the cooling body (21) being provided with:
a cooling chamber (22) for introducing a cooling liquid;
a liquid inlet (23) and a liquid outlet (24) which are respectively communicated with the cooling cavity (22).
4. The tooling for piston machining according to claim 3, wherein the cooling cavity (22) has an opening on a side facing the insert ring (33).
5. Tool according to claim 4, wherein the cooling body (21) is provided with a sealing ring (25) which is used for being connected with the piston (3) in a sealing mode so as to seal a space enclosed by the cooling cavity (22) and the insert ring (33).
6. Tool for the machining of pistons according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling body (21) is provided with:
the sealing ring (25) is embedded in the sealing groove (26);
an air passage (27) communicating with the seal groove (26);
and the sealing air interface (28) is communicated with the air passage (27), and the sealing air interface (28) is used for switching and connecting an external air suction device and an external air inflation device.
7. The tooling for machining the piston as recited in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the cooling cavity (22) is an annular cavity which is penetrated in the circumferential direction, a partition plate (29) is arranged in the cooling cavity (22), and the liquid inlet (23) and the liquid outlet (24) are respectively close to two sides of the partition plate (29) which are arranged on the partition plate (29).
8. The tooling for machining the piston as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the tooling body (1) comprises a positioning table (11) for positioning the piston (3), and the positioning table (11) can be lifted.
9. The tooling for machining the piston according to claim 8, wherein the tooling body (1) further comprises a rotary support table (12) for driving the positioning table (11) to rotate.
10. The tooling for piston machining according to claim 9, wherein the cooling body (21) is fixedly connected to the output portion of the rotary support table (12).
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| CN202110377106.3A CN113084382A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Piston machining method and tool for piston machining |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110377106.3A CN113084382A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Piston machining method and tool for piston machining |
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| CN113084382A true CN113084382A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN202110377106.3A Pending CN113084382A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Piston machining method and tool for piston machining |
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