CN113080311A

CN113080311A - Pet feed based on hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113080311A
Application number: CN202110503472.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 路迅; 路长宝; 许岳虎
Original assignee: Hunan Natural Creation Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Natural Creation Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-08
Filing date: 2021-05-08
Publication date: 2021-07-09

Abstract

The invention provides a black soldier fly based pet feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the pet feed comprises the steps of preparing black soldier fly pulp from black soldier fly larvae, and preparing meat loaf from meat blocks for later use; mixing the black soldier fly pulp and the meat paste, adding glutamine transaminase, plant protein auxiliary materials, animal protein auxiliary materials and glue auxiliary materials, and uniformly stirring; compacting the mixed raw and auxiliary materials, and refrigerating at the temperature of-1-10 ℃ for 12-36 h to form formed meat blocks; cooking the formed meat blocks at 70-130 ℃, and cooling to form semi-finished meat blocks; and (4) cutting the semi-finished meat blocks into particles, freezing at the temperature of less than 0 ℃, and freeze-drying in vacuum to obtain the pet feed. The pet feed is prepared by adopting curing and vacuum freeze-drying technologies, and the preparation method is simple to operate, wide in production raw materials, low in cost, high in nutritional value, fragrant and good in market prospect.

Description

Pet feed based on hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pet food/feed preparation, and relates to a black soldier fly-based pet feed and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, as many families begin to raise pets, pet foods are receiving more and more attention, and the pet food industry is gradually developing. The pet food is a high-grade animal food between human food and traditional livestock and poultry feed, contains various nutritional ingredients such as moisture, protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract and the like, and has the advantages of comprehensive nutrition, high digestibility, scientific formula, standard quality, convenience in feeding and use, capability of preventing certain diseases and the like.

Meanwhile, hermetia illucens (Hermitia illucens) is an insect of the genus hermetia in the family hermetiaceae of the order diptera, also known as hermetia illucens, and is distributed in most parts of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Because the hermetia illucens are rich in nutrients such as protein, amino acid, lauric acid, unsaturated fatty acid, antibacterial peptide and various mineral substances, and the breeding cost is low, more and more feed is added with hermetia illucens components, and the hermetia illucens are processed to be used as insect protein sources and can be added into feeds for breeding pets, climbing pets, poultry and live pigs to form the hermetia illucens source protein feed.

Although pet food is in a good trend of high-speed development at present, most of the pet food in the market is mainly puffed and dried products. When the pet feed is baked at high temperature, nutrient substances can be lost, and the color and flavor of the pet feed can be adversely affected, so that the pet feed has defects in nutrition balance and taste and flavor. At present, in order to ensure the meat flavor of the pet feed, grease and essence are mostly sprayed to improve the palatability of the pet feed, but the pet feed prepared by the method is not beneficial to the health of pets substantially.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a method for preparing pet food that can solve the problem of nutritional loss of pet food due to puffing of dry food.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a black soldier fly based pet feed and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a black soldier fly based pet feed comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing black soldier fly pulp from black soldier fly larvae, and preparing meat loaf from meat blocks for later use;

s2, mixing the black soldier fly pulp and the meat paste, adding glutamine transaminase, plant protein auxiliary materials, animal protein auxiliary materials and glue auxiliary materials, and uniformly stirring;

s3, compacting the raw and auxiliary materials mixed in the step S2, and refrigerating at the temperature of-1-10 ℃ for 12-36 hours to form formed meat blocks;

s4, cooking the formed meat blocks at 70-130 ℃, and cooling to form semi-finished meat blocks;

and S5, cutting the semi-finished meat into particles, freezing at the temperature of less than 0 ℃, and performing vacuum freeze-drying to obtain the pet feed.

According to the method, the black soldier fly larvae and the meat loaf are used as raw materials, the glutamine transaminase, the plant protein auxiliary material, the animal protein auxiliary material, the glue auxiliary material and the like are used as auxiliary materials, the pet feed is prepared by adopting a vacuum freeze-drying technology, the prepared pet feed has fragrance, oil and essence are not required to be added for improving the palatability, and the problem of loss of nutrient substances in the pet feed can be avoided.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the pet feed, the hermetia illucens pulp, the meat paste, the transglutaminase, the vegetable protein auxiliary material, the animal protein auxiliary material, and the glue auxiliary material are respectively: 30 to 80 parts, 5 to 50 parts, 0.1 to 1.5 parts, 5 to 25 parts, 0.1 to 6 parts and 0.1 to 3 parts.

In an embodiment of the invention, in the step S1, the preparation of the hermetia illucens slurry includes the following steps:

pretreating the black soldier fly larvae to completely digest food residues in the black soldier fly larvae and completely discharge excrement in the black soldier fly larvae;

and (3) separating and removing the skin of the hermetia illucens larvae, and pulping to obtain hermetia illucens pulp.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the preparation of hermetia illucens slurry includes the following steps:

inactivating and curing the hermetia illucens larvae in a water bath condition at 70-130 ℃, and cooling to normal temperature;

and separating and removing the skin of the cured hermetia illucens larvae, and pulping to obtain hermetia illucens pulp.

In an embodiment of the invention, in the step S5, the freezing time is 3-12 hours, and the vacuum freeze-drying time is 12-36 hours.

In one embodiment of the invention, the meat includes one or more of chicken breast, duck, beef and fish.

In one embodiment of the present invention, before the transglutaminase is added in step S2, the transglutaminase is activated.

The invention also provides a black soldier fly-based pet feed which is prepared according to the preparation method of the pet feed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the preparation method of the pet feed is simple to operate, wide in production raw materials, low in cost, high in nutritional value, economical and practical, and has good market prospect.

2. According to the invention, the pet feed is prepared by adopting a vacuum freeze-drying technology, so that on one hand, the problem of loss of nutrient substances in the pet feed can be avoided, on the other hand, the pet feed is dry and granular and has crisp texture, and the defects of large nutrient loss and hardness of puffed food are avoided, so that the hermetia illucens can be utilized in the pet food, and the nutritional value of the pet food is increased.

3. According to the invention, the hermetia illucens larvae and the especially cured hermetia illucens larvae are used as raw materials, so that the prepared pet feed has fragrance, and grease and essence are not required to be added for improving palatability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only for illustrating the embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a pet food in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of preparing the pet food of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of preparing the pet food of example 2;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method of preparing the pet food of example 3.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In the description of the present embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

The specific embodiment provides a black soldier fly based pet feed, which comprises raw materials of black soldier fly pulp, meat paste and auxiliary materials of glutamine transaminase, plant protein auxiliary materials, animal protein auxiliary materials and glue auxiliary materials, wherein the proportions of the black soldier fly pulp, the meat paste, the glutamine transaminase, the plant protein auxiliary materials, the animal protein auxiliary materials and the glue auxiliary materials are respectively 30-80 parts, 5-50 parts, 0.1-1.5 parts, 5-25 parts, 0.1-6 parts and 0.1-3 parts.

The hermetia illucens pulp is obtained by pretreating hermetia illucens larvae, separating insect skins and pulping (or pretreating, inactivating, curing, separating the insect skins and pulping), and is rich in protein, amino acid, lauric acid, unsaturated fatty acid, antibacterial peptide and various mineral substances. Because the skin of the black soldier fly larvae is hard without the body of the pupation stage and the adult stage, the difficulty in separating the skin from the body is smaller, and therefore, the black soldier fly larvae are preferentially selected as the raw material in the specific embodiment.

The meat paste is prepared from one or more of chicken breast, duck, beef and fish, and is obtained by crushing and chopping the meat, wherein the meat paste is rich in various nutrient substances such as protein and vitamins. Preferably, the meat comprises one or more of chicken breast, duck, beef and fish, and the chicken breast, duck, beef and fish have high nutritive value, low cost and easy absorption and utilization.

The chicken breast contains phospholipids, vitamin C, E, etc., and has high protein content, high digestibility, easy absorption, and effects of enhancing physical strength and strengthening body.

The duck meat has high protein content (mainly including sarcoplasmic protein and myosin), moderate fat content and uniform distribution, contains substances such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, nicotinic acid, vitamin B1 and B2, and has high nutritive value, delicious taste, appetite increasing effect and easy digestion.

The beef contains sarcosine, vitamin B6, carnitine, potassium and protein, and the sarcosine is particularly effective for muscle growth and strength enhancement; the vitamin B6 can enhance immunity, promote metabolism and synthesis of protein; carnitine is used to support the metabolism of fat.

The fish meat contains protein (about 18% in content), vitamins A, B1, B2, D and E, minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and amino acids, and is rich and comprehensive in content and easy to digest and absorb.

The glutamine transaminase can catalyze proteins and amino acids in the meat paste and the black soldier fly pulp to cause cross-linking in or among protein molecules, connection between the protein molecules and the amino acids, hydrolysis and other reactions of glutamine residues in the protein molecules, and can improve the functional properties of various proteins in the meat paste and the black soldier fly pulp, so that the nutritional value, the texture structure, the taste, the storage period and the like of the pet feed are improved to different degrees. Meanwhile, the glutamine transaminase has the characteristic of extremely strong adhesive force, raw materials (black soldier fly pulp and meat paste) and auxiliary materials (glutamine transaminase, sodium caseinate, wheat gluten and soybean protein isolate) are compacted in a die and react under the action of the glutamine transaminase, formed covalent bonds are difficult to break under the general non-enzymatic catalysis condition, and formed meat blocks cannot be scattered. Preferably, in order to improve the hydrolysis ability and the crosslinking ability of the transglutaminase, water (e.g., deionized water, purified water, etc.) is added to the transglutaminase to activate the transglutaminase before use.

The vegetable protein adjuvant is extracted from plant, is easy to digest, is mainly derived from rice and flour and beans, and can be one or more of soybean protein isolate, soybean tissue protein, soybean wiredrawing protein, pea protein isolate, wheat gluten protein and peanut protein. For example, wheat gluten, also called vital gluten powder, wheat protein powder, is a natural protein extracted from wheat (flour), consists of various amino acids, has a protein content of 75-85%, contains various amino acids, is a plant protein resource rich in nutrition, has certain viscosity, elasticity, extensibility, film formability, fat absorption and the like, and can be used as a water retention agent in meat products. The soybean protein isolate is a complete protein food additive produced by using low-temperature desolventized soybean meal as a raw material, the protein content of the food additive is over 90 percent, the amino acid types are nearly 20, the food additive is rich in nutrition and does not contain cholesterol, and the food additive is one of a few varieties capable of replacing animal protein in plant protein.

Wherein, the animal protein is mainly from meat, eggs and milk of poultry, livestock, fish and the like, contains various amino acid components, and has higher nutritive value. The animal protein can be one or more selected from casein, sodium caseinate and whey protein, such as sodium caseinate, sodium caseinate or casein, which is sodium salt of casein as main protein in cow milk, and is a safe and harmless thickener. The sodium caseinate contains various amino acids, has high nutritive value, and can also be used as a nutrition enhancer.

Wherein the gum adjuvant can be one or more of carrageenan, gelatin, agar, xanthan gum, and flax gum. For example, xanthan gum is an extracellular microbial multi-pool produced by poisoning saccharides with xanthomonas sp, has various functions due to its macromolecular special structure and colloidal properties, and can be used as an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a gel thickener, an impregnating agent, a film forming agent, and the like. For example, carrageenan is a polysaccharide extracted from marine red algae (including carrageen, eucheuma, Gigartina, and Hypnea), and is commonly used as a thickener, gelling agent, suspending agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, etc. in the food industry.

The method comprises the steps of separating and removing the skin of the black soldier fly larvae, namely selecting grinding, crushing, squeezing and other modes, and separating the black soldier fly pulp from the skin of the black soldier fly larvae through filtering, screening and other modes to obtain the black soldier fly pulp. For example, the black soldier fly larvae are cut up by blades on a crusher, the black soldier fly larvae are made into pulp by the action of the blades moving at a high speed, and black soldier fly skin with a larger particle size in the pulp is separated from the black soldier fly pulp by a small-aperture screen. For another example, a screw extruder with 0.1-0.2 mm filter holes can be adopted to extrude the insect body through the action of extrusion force, so that the insect skin and the insect pulp are completely separated. The insect pulp is extruded out and flows out along the filter holes, and the insect skin becomes dehydrated solid slag and is extruded out from the tail end of the extruder. In order to avoid a small amount of insect skin entering the slurry, the embodiment preferably uses a screw extruder to separate the hermetia illucens slurry from the insect skin by means of squeezing.

In the pet feed, the fractions of the hermetia illucens pulp, the meat paste, the glutamine transaminase, the sodium caseinate, the vital gluten and the isolated soy protein are respectively as follows: 30 to 80 parts, 5 to 50 parts, 0.1 to 1.5 parts, 5 to 25 parts, 0.1 to 6 parts and 0.1 to 3 parts.

The specific embodiment also provides a preparation method of the pet feed containing the hermetia illucens, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the pet feed comprises the following steps:

The following description will be given of a method for preparing the pet food containing hermetia illucens.

Example 1:

the pet feed prepared in the embodiment contains 50 parts of hermetia illucens pulp, 30 parts of meat paste of peeled chicken breast, 1 part of glutamine transaminase, 1 part of animal protein auxiliary material (sodium caseinate), 18 parts of plant protein auxiliary material (3 parts of wheat gluten and 15 parts of soybean protein isolate) and 0.2 part of glue auxiliary material (gelatin).

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the preparation method of the pet feed comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing black soldier fly pulp from black soldier fly larvae, and preparing the meat blocks of the peeled chicken breast into chicken breast meat paste for later use.

The preparation process of the hermetia illucens slurry comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting the hermetia illucens larvae, and pretreating the hermetia illucens larvae to completely digest food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae and completely discharge excrement in the hermetia illucens larvae. Through the manure discharge pretreatment, undigested food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae can be removed. Specifically, the black soldier fly larvae can be cultured in a liquid containing nutrient components for 2-3 days, and can also be subjected to starvation treatment for 1-2 days to digest food which is not digested in vivo and discharge excrement in vivo.

S101, separating the skin of the hermetia illucens larvae from the pulp by using a screw extruder in an extrusion pressing mode to obtain hermetia illucens pulp.

Specifically, the skin of the hermetia illucens larvae is solid and tough, and the palatability of the hermetia illucens larvae is affected when the hermetia illucens larvae are eaten by pets or small animals. Meanwhile, the insect skin is not easily digested by pets or small animals, and it contains less nutrients, so it is considered to be removed.

The preparation process of the meat paste comprises the following steps: selecting peeled chicken breast, and processing the chicken breast into meat paste for later use by a crushing or chopping mode.

S2, mixing the black soldier fly pulp and the chicken breast meat paste, adding glutamine transaminase, sodium caseinate, gluten meal, soybean protein isolate and gelatin, and stirring uniformly. Specifically, before the glutamine transaminase is added, a small amount of water (preferably hot water at 45-55 ℃) is used for activation treatment.

S3, compacting the raw materials and auxiliary materials mixed in the step S2, and refrigerating for 12-36 hours at the temperature of-1-10 ℃ to form the formed meat blocks.

Specifically, in the process of refrigerating at-1-10 ℃ for 12-36 hours, glutamine transaminase can act on the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken breast meat paste to hydrolyze substances such as protein and amino acid contained in the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken breast meat paste, so that the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken breast meat paste can be well bonded together to form compact and difficult-to-disperse formed meat blocks.

S4, cooking the formed meat blocks at 70-130 ℃, and cooling to form semi-finished meat blocks.

Specifically, the formed meat blocks are preferably steamed and cooked for 30-60 min at the temperature of 85-95 ℃, so that the formed meat blocks can be sterilized and further matured, and the formed semi-finished meat blocks are compact. It should be noted that the cooking temperature can be adjusted according to the type of meat to be selected, and the cooking time can be flexibly selected according to the size of the formed meat block, which is not limited to 70-130 ℃.

Specifically, the freezing time range is 3-12 h, the vacuum freeze-drying time range is 12-36 h, and moisture of the semi-finished meat blocks is separated through vacuum freeze-drying. And the semi-finished meat blocks are dried in a low-temperature vacuum freeze-drying mode, so that the prepared meat particles are crisp, the fragrance in the meat particles can be ensured not to be lost, and the loss of nutritional ingredients in the meat particles can be avoided.

Example 2:

the pet feed prepared in the embodiment contains 32 parts of hermetia illucens pulp, 50 parts of chicken and duck meat paste prepared from peeled chicken breast meat and duck meat, 1.5 parts of glutamine transaminase, 2 parts of animal protein auxiliary materials (0.8 part of sodium caseinate and 1.2 parts of whey protein), 11 parts of plant protein auxiliary materials (1 part of gluten and 10 parts of peanut protein) and 1.5 parts of glue auxiliary materials (0.8 part of xanthan gum and 0.7 part of flaxseed gum).

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the preparation method of the pet feed comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing black soldier fly pulp from black soldier fly larvae, and preparing the peeled breast meat of the chicken and the meat of the duck into chicken and duck meat paste for later use.

s103, selecting the hermetia illucens larvae, and pretreating the hermetia illucens larvae to completely digest food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae and completely discharge excrement in the hermetia illucens larvae. Through the manure discharge pretreatment, undigested food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae can be removed. Specifically, the black soldier fly larvae can be cultured in a liquid containing nutrient components for 3-4 days, and can also be subjected to starvation treatment for 1-2 days to digest food which is not digested in vivo and discharge excrement in vivo.

S104, inactivating and curing the hermetia illucens larvae in a water bath condition of 70-130 ℃, and cooling to the normal temperature.

Specifically, a water bath condition of 75-85 ℃ is preferably selected, the hermetia illucens larvae are killed and cured, the hermetia illucens larvae can be killed at 75-85 ℃, and loss of nutrients in the hermetia illucens larvae due to denaturation under a high-temperature condition can be avoided.

S105, separating the skin of the cured hermetia illucens larvae from the pulp by using a screw extruder in an extrusion pressing mode to obtain hermetia illucens pulp.

The preparation process of the chicken and duck meat paste comprises the following steps: selecting peeled chicken breast and duck (the ratio of the chicken breast to the duck is 2: 1), and processing the two into chicken and duck paste by crushing or chopping for later use.

S2, mixing the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken and duck meat paste, adding glutamine transaminase, sodium caseinate, whey protein, vital gluten, peanut protein, xanthan gum and flaxseed gum, and uniformly stirring. Specifically, before the glutamine transaminase is added, a small amount of water (preferably hot water at 45-55 ℃) is used for activation treatment.

Specifically, in the process of refrigerating at-1-10 ℃ for 12-36 hours, glutamine transaminase can act on the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken and duck meat paste to hydrolyze substances such as protein and amino acid contained in the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken and duck meat paste, so that the hermetia illucens pulp and the chicken and duck meat paste can be well bonded together to form compact and non-dispersible formed meat blocks.

Specifically, the formed meat blocks are preferably steamed and cooked for 45-60 min at the temperature of 80-90 ℃, so that the formed meat blocks can be sterilized and further matured, and the formed semi-finished meat blocks are compact. It should be noted that the cooking temperature can be adjusted according to the type of meat to be selected, and the cooking time can be flexibly selected according to the size of the formed meat block, which is not limited to 70-130 ℃.

Specifically, the freezing time range is 3-12 hours, the vacuum freeze-drying time range is 12-36 hours, and the moisture of the semi-finished meat blocks is separated through vacuum freeze-drying. And the semi-finished meat blocks are dried in a low-temperature vacuum freeze-drying mode, so that the prepared meat particles are crisp, the fragrance in the meat particles can be ensured not to be lost, and the loss of nutritional ingredients in the meat particles can be avoided.

Example 3:

the pet feed prepared in the embodiment contains 80 parts of hermetia illucens slurry as raw materials, 20 parts of fish meat paste prepared from fish meat, 1.2 parts of glutamine transaminase, 3 parts of animal protein auxiliary materials (1.2 parts of sodium caseinate, 0.3 part of casein, 1.5 parts of whey protein), 23 parts of plant protein auxiliary materials (3 parts of gluten powder, 15 parts of isolated soy protein, 5 parts of peanut protein) and 0.5 part of gum auxiliary materials (0.2 part of carrageenan and 0.3 part of xanthan gum).

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the preparation method of the pet feed comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing black soldier fly pulp from black soldier fly larvae, and preparing fish meat pieces into fish meat paste for later use.

s100, selecting the hermetia illucens larvae, and pretreating the hermetia illucens larvae to completely digest food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae and completely discharge excrement in the hermetia illucens larvae. Through the manure discharge pretreatment, undigested food residues in the hermetia illucens larvae can be removed. Specifically, the black soldier fly larvae can be cultured in a liquid containing nutrient components for 1-4 days, and can also be subjected to starvation treatment for 3-5 days to digest food which is not digested in vivo and discharge excrement in vivo.

S101, inactivating and curing the hermetia illucens larvae in a water bath condition at 70-130 ℃, and cooling to normal temperature.

Specifically, a water bath condition of 85-105 ℃ is preferably selected, the hermetia illucens larvae are killed and cured, the hermetia illucens larvae can be killed at 85-105 ℃, and loss of nutrients in the hermetia illucens larvae due to denaturation under a high-temperature condition can be avoided.

S102, separating the skin of the cured hermetia illucens larvae from the pulp by using a screw extruder in an extrusion pressing mode to obtain hermetia illucens pulp.

The preparation process of the fish paste comprises the following steps: selecting fish meat blocks, and processing the fish meat blocks and the fish meat blocks into meat paste for later use in a crushing or chopping mode.

S2, mixing the black soldier fly slurry and the fish paste, adding glutamine transaminase, sodium caseinate, casein, whey protein, vital gluten, isolated soy protein, peanut protein, carrageenan and xanthan gum, and uniformly stirring. Specifically, before the glutamine transaminase is added, a small amount of water (preferably hot water at 45-55 ℃) is used for activation treatment.

S3, compacting the raw materials and auxiliary materials mixed in the step S2, and refrigerating for 12-24 hours at the temperature of-1-10 ℃ to form the formed meat blocks.

Specifically, in the process of refrigerating at-1-10 ℃ for 12-24 hours, glutamine transaminase can act on the hermetia illucens pulp and the fish meat paste to hydrolyze substances such as protein and amino acid contained in the hermetia illucens pulp and the fish meat paste, so that the hermetia illucens pulp and the fish meat paste can be well bonded together to form compact and non-dispersible formed meat blocks.

Specifically, the formed meat blocks are preferably steamed and cooked for 45-60 min at the temperature of 70-80 ℃, so that the formed meat blocks can be sterilized and further matured, and the formed semi-finished meat blocks can be firmer. It should be noted that the cooking temperature can be adjusted according to the type of meat to be selected, and the cooking time can be flexibly selected according to the size of the formed meat block, which is not limited to 70-130 ℃.

The pet feeds prepared in the following embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are dry and granular, soft in texture and good in particle integrity, so that the defect of puffed grains is overcome, the hermetia illucens can be utilized in the pet food, the nutritional value of the pet food is increased, and meanwhile, the pet feed does not contain preservatives, is subjected to vacuum freeze-drying and vacuum packaging, and has a long shelf life. The pet food of examples 1 to 3 was tested for nutrients and meat particle hardness, and the results are as follows:

1. the detection results of the nutrient substances in the pet feed are shown in the following table I:

/	example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Reference index	Puffed grain
						Crude protein	64	68	62	≥60	53
Crude fat	14	13	15	≥10	11
						Coarse fiber	2	3	2.8	≤6	4
Coarse ash content	6	4	5.5	≤9	9.7
						Moisture content	5.0	3.2	7.3	≤10	5.6

And (4) conclusion: compared with puffed grains prepared by a high-temperature puffing method, the pet feed prepared by the method has higher content of nutrient components.

2. Meat particle hardness test of pet food the meat particle hardness of the pet food was measured using an instrument (e.g., a meat particle hardness tester) and the results are shown in the following table:

/	example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Puffed grain
					Hardness value	1.42	1.46	1.52	3.5

And (4) conclusion: the pet feed prepared by the insect skin separation, vacuum freeze-drying and other modes has higher hardness and is more crisp when being eaten, the hardness value of the puffed grain prepared by the high-temperature puffing method is larger, the eating is more laborious, and the palatability of the pet feed is better.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a black soldier fly-based pet feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for preparing pet food according to claim 1, wherein: in the pet feed, the hermetia illucens pulp, the meat paste, the glutamine transaminase, the plant protein auxiliary material, the animal protein auxiliary material and the glue auxiliary material are respectively as follows: 30 to 80 parts, 5 to 50 parts, 0.1 to 1.5 parts, 5 to 25 parts, 0.1 to 6 parts and 0.1 to 3 parts.

3. The method for preparing pet food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of preparing hermetia illucens slurry in step S1 comprises the steps of:

4. The pet food preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step S1, the preparation method of the hermetia illucens slurry comprises the following steps:

5. The method for preparing pet food according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the freezing time range is 3-12 h, and the vacuum freeze-drying time range is 12-36 h.

6. The method for preparing pet food according to claim 1, wherein: the meat includes one or more of chicken breast, duck, beef, and fish.

7. The method for preparing pet food according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, before adding transglutaminase, the transglutaminase is activated.

8. The utility model provides a pet feed based on heisui river horsefly which characterized in that: the pet food prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.