CN113079793B - Comprehensive regulation method of water, fertilizer and salt in large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-range comprehensive water, fertilizer and salt regulation and control system for saline-alkali farmlands based on Beidou positioning, which comprises a sensor collection system, an irrigation and pesticide spraying integrated system and a control system, wherein the sensor collection system is in communication connection with the control system through a Beidou positioning module, the control system is in communication connection with the irrigation and pesticide spraying integrated system through the Beidou positioning module, the sensor collection system comprises a sensor device, and the sensor device comprises a monitoring camera, a meteorological detection box and a land detection device. According to the invention, the Beidou positioning module is used for collecting information such as soil moisture, nutrients, salinity and the like in the saline-alkali soil and transmitting the information to the control platform, and the Beidou positioning module is used for remotely controlling the irrigation and pesticide spraying integrated device through the background expert knowledge decision system to convey and spray the soil moisture and soil fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil so as to improve the growth condition of crops.

Description

Comprehensive regulation method of water, fertilizer and salt in large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning

technical field

The invention relates to the field of comprehensive development and management of saline-alkali land, in particular to a comprehensive control method for water, fertilizer and salt in large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning.

Background technique

The threat of soil salinization to agriculture is a global problem. There are about ¹ billion hectares of saline-alkali land in the world, accounting for nearly 25% of the land area. Twenty percent of the world's arable land and nearly half of irrigated land are threatened by varying degrees of salinity. China has only 100 million hm ² of cultivated land, of which the saline-alkali land and salinized cultivated land are about 0.2 and 0.067 billion hm ² . It is one of the world's largest saline-alkali land countries. Therefore, the comprehensive development and management of saline-alkali land plays a pivotal role in my country's arable land and food security.

At present, the development and utilization of saline-alkali land in my country is mainly based on water conservancy measures (irrigation and drainage, leaching of soil salinity in the plough layer of farmland), and most of the saline-alkali land areas are water-deficient areas. It will pose a threat to the loss of soil moisture in the plough layer of farmland and the pollution of deep groundwater; other development and utilization technologies of saline-alkali land such as biological improvement and chemical improvement are mostly in the stage of research and small-scale promotion and application. Technology has very important theoretical and practical significance for the green and sustainable development of our saline-alkali farmland.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a comprehensive control method for water, fertilizer and salt in a large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning.

According to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the comprehensive control method of water, fertilizer and salt in a large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning includes a sensor collection system, an integrated irrigation and spraying system, and a control system. The sensor collection system communicates with the Beidou positioning module through the Beidou positioning module. The control system is in communication connection, and the control system is in communication connection with the irrigation and spraying integrated system through the Beidou positioning module,

The sensor collection system includes a sensor device,

The sensor device includes a monitoring camera, a weather detection box, and a land detection device. The land detection device is in the shape of a cuboid. Both the monitoring camera and the weather detection box are fixed on the land detection device through vertical support rods. On the end face, the monitoring camera is fixed on the upper end face of the vertical support rod, and the weather detection box is fixed on the middle part of the vertical support rod,

The land detection device includes a detection shell, a soil extraction device, a soil removal device and a soil sensor,

The detection housing includes a gear placement box and a device placement frame, the gear placement box is a cuboid box with a hollow interior, the device placement frame is a cuboid frame with both an upper end face and a lower end face open, and the device placement frame is fixed. On the lower end face of the gear housing box,

The soil extraction device includes a vertical screw rod and a soil extraction frame. The vertical screw rod is a vertically placed screw rod. The inner hollow has a conical shape with an open upper end surface. The outer surface of the soil borrowing frame is provided with a helical blade. The spiral blade is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The lower end surface of the vertical screw rod is fixed in the soil borrowing frame. In the middle part of the bottom end face, the vertical screw rod is provided with a limit ring, and the number of the limit rings is two, one of the limit rings is located at the upper end of the vertical screw rod, and the other The limit ring is located at the lower end of the vertical screw rod,

The soil removal device includes a vertical rod and a soil removal board, the vertical rod is a vertically placed cylindrical rod, the soil removal board is a downwardly inclined arc structure, and one end of the soil removal board is fixed At the lower end of the vertical rod, the other end of the soil removal plate is suspended, and the circle center of the soil removal plate and the circle center of the soil extraction frame are located on the same vertical line,

The soil sensor includes a soil moisture-temperature-salt-pH four-parameter recorder and a groundwater level meter, and the sensing probe of the soil sensor is located just above the side end of the soil borrowing frame,

The numbers of the soil borrowing devices, the soil removing devices and the soil sensors are the same, and the numbers of the soil borrowing devices, the soil removing devices and the soil sensors are all several,

The upper end of the vertical screw rod is fixed through the gear placement box through a bearing, a rotary motor is arranged in the gear placement box, the vertical screw rod is fixedly connected with the rotary motor, and a plurality of the vertical screw rods are fixedly connected to the rotary motor. The straight screw is meshed and connected by a rotating gear,

The upper end surface of the vertical rod is fixed on the lower end surface of the gear placement box, the upper end surface of the soil sensor is fixed on the lower end surface of the gear placement box,

The control system includes an information receiving module, an information processing module and a control module,

The control system receives the information sent by the sensor collection system through the Beidou positioning module through the information receiving module, and the control system collects the collected information through the information processing module and sends it to the irrigation and spraying integration through the control module. system.

In the present invention, the sensor device in the sensor system is installed in a large range of saline-alkali land, and one sensor device is installed at intervals of a certain distance. The sensor device is directly inserted into the land to be detected. The Beidou positioning module is installed on the device.

To sum up, the beneficial effects of the present application: the present invention collects soil moisture, nutrients, salinity and crop seedling conditions in saline-alkali land through the Beidou positioning module, and transmits the collected information to the control platform, through the background expert knowledge decision-making system, Through the Beidou positioning module, the integrated device for irrigation and spraying can be remotely controlled to transport and spray soil moisture and soil fertilizers in saline-alkali land to improve the growth of crops.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the comprehensive control flow process of water, fertilizer and salt of large-scale saline-alkali soil of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a sensor device according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the land detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the land detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the detection shell of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the placement structure of the soil borrowing device, the soil removing device and the soil sensor according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the soil borrowing device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the soil removal device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the structure of the soil removal device of the present invention.

Labels in the figure: Surveillance camera-1; Meteorological detection box-2; Land detection device-3; Detection shell-3.1; Gear box-3.1.1; Device placement frame-3.1.2; Screw-3.2.1; Limit ring-3.2.1.1; Borrowing frame-3.2.2; Spiral blade-3.2.2.1; Soil removal device-3.3; Vertical rod-3.3.1; 2; Soil Sensor - 3.4; Vertical Support Rod - 4.

Detailed ways

The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention, but not to limit the invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the comprehensive control method of water, fertilizer and salt in large-scale saline-alkali farmland based on Beidou positioning includes a sensor collection system, an integrated system for irrigation and spraying, and a control system. The sensor collection system communicates with the control system through the Beidou positioning module. Communication connection, the control system communicates with the irrigation and spraying integrated system through the Beidou positioning module, the control system includes an information receiving module, an information processing module and a control module, and the control system receives the information through the information receiving module. The sensor collects the information sent by the Beidou positioning module, and the control system collects the collected information through the information processing module and sends it to the irrigation and spraying integrated system through the control module. The sensor device in the sensor system is located in a large range of saline-alkali land, and one sensor device is installed at intervals of a certain distance. The sensor device is directly inserted into the land to be detected, and the Beidou is installed on the sensor device. positioning module.

As shown in FIG. 2-FIG. 9, the sensor collection system includes a sensor device, the sensor device includes a monitoring camera 1, a weather detection box 2, and a land detection device 3. The land detection device 3 is in the shape of a cuboid. The camera 1 and the weather detection box 2 are both fixed on the upper end surface of the land detection device 3 through a vertical support rod 4, and the monitoring camera 1 is fixed on the upper end surface of the vertical support rod 4. The The weather detection box 2 is fixed on the middle part of the vertical support rod 4. The soil detection device 3 includes a detection shell 3.1, a soil extraction device 3.2, a soil removal device 3.3 and a soil sensor 3.4. The detection shell 3.1 includes a gear placement Box 3.1.1 and device placement frame 3.1.2, the gear placement box 3.1.1 is a hollow cuboid box, the device placement box 3.1.2 is a cuboid frame with both upper and lower end faces open, so The device placement frame 3.1.2 is fixed on the lower end surface of the gear placement box 3.1.1. The soil extraction device 3.2 includes a vertical screw rod 3.2.1, a soil extraction frame 3.2.2, and the vertical screw rod 3.2 .1 is a vertically placed screw rod, the soil borrowing frame 3.2.2 is a conical shape with a wide upper and a narrow lower, and the soil borrowing frame 3.2.2 is a conical shape with an inner hollow upper end face opening. The outer surface of the soil frame 3.2.2 is provided with a helical blade 3.2.2.1, the helical blade 3.2.2.1 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the lower end surface of the vertical screw 3.2.1 is fixed on the soil extraction frame 3.2. 2 In the middle part of the inner bottom end face, the vertical screw rod 3.2.1 is provided with a limit ring 3.2.1.1, the number of the limit rings 3.2.1.1 is two, and one of the limit rings 3.2.1.1 is located at The upper end of the vertical screw rod 3.2.1, the other limit ring 3.2.1.1 is located at the lower end of the vertical screw rod 3.2.1, and the soil removal device 3.3 includes a vertical rod 3.3.1 and soil removal plate 3.3.2, the vertical rod 3.3.1 is a vertically placed cylindrical rod, the soil removal plate 3.3.2 is a downwardly inclined arc structure, and the soil removal plate 3.3.2 One end of the soil removal plate 3.3.2 is fixed at the lower end of the vertical rod 3.3.1, the other end of the soil removal plate 3.3.2 is suspended, the center of the soil removal plate 3.3.2 and the center of the soil extraction frame 3.2.2 Located on the same vertical line, the soil sensor 3.4 includes a soil moisture-temperature-salt-pH four-parameter recorder and a groundwater level meter, and the sensing probe of the soil sensor 3.4 is located in the soil extraction frame 3.2.2. Just above the side end portion, the number of the soil extraction device 3.2, the soil removal device 3.3 and the soil sensor 3.4 is the same, and the number of the soil extraction device 3.2, the soil removal device 3.3 and the soil sensor 3.4 is the same. The number is several, and the upper end of the vertical screw 3.2.1 is fixed by a bearing and passes through the gear placement box 3.1.1. The gear placement box 3.1.1 is provided with a rotating motor, and the vertical Screw 3.2.1 with The rotating motor is fixedly connected, a plurality of the vertical screw rods 3.2.1 are meshed and connected by rotating gears, and the upper end face of the vertical rod 3.3.1 is fixed on the lower end face of the gear placement box 3.1.1, so The upper end surface of the soil sensor 3.4 is fixed on the lower end surface of the gear box 3.1.1,

Before the sensor device is used, the lower end surface of the soil extraction device 3.2 is located above the lower end surface of the detection shell 3.1, so the sensor device can be directly inserted into the soil to be detected.

Then start the rotating motor in the gear box 3.1.1, so that the vertical screw 3.2.1 rotates and descends with the borrow frame 3.2.2. The outer surface is provided with the screw blade 3.2.2.1, so the borrow frame 3.2.2 can easily sink into the soil, after the borrow frame 3.2.2 descends to a certain depth (by the limit Bit ring 3.2.1.1 to determine the depth), since the soil above the borrow frame 3.2.2 is loose and piled up on the borrow frame 3.2.2, the piled soil can easily fall directly on the borrow frame 3.2.2, and the soil removal plate 3.3.2 has been in the soil extraction frame 3.2.2 at this time, so some soil falls on the soil removal plate 3.3.2, and then the soil extraction frame 3.2.2 Raise the rotating motor to a certain height (determined by the limit ring 3.2.1.1), so that the probe of the soil sensor 3.4 enters the collected soil sample.

When the detection is completed, the soil borrowing frame 3.2.2 moves down, and at this time, due to the existence of the soil removing plate 3.3.2, the soil removing plate 3.3.2 moves up relative to the soil borrowing frame 3.2.2 , the soil in the soil extraction frame 3.2.2 will be removed to facilitate the next inspection.

In actual operation, the value detected by the sensor device will be sent to the control background through the Beidou positioning module, and the control background will be based on the soil moisture, temperature, salt, nutrients and pH detected by the soil sensor 3.4,

The situation of the seedlings detected by the monitoring camera 1, the local weather conditions detected by the weather detection box 2, combined with the weather forecast, the irrigation and spraying integrated system is used to transport water or fertilizer to different ranges of saline-alkali land to improve the saline-alkali land. The soil environment is conducive to the growth of crops.

Example 1

Table 1 A certain range of saline-alkali land is irrigated with a certain amount of water and fertilizer at the same time

Table 2 Determination of irrigation time (mainly for pressing salt and maintaining crop growth)

Table 3 Determination of Irrigation Amount and Fertilizer Amount

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the applied technical principles and other solutions. At the same time, the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solution formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, and should also include the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the concept of the invention. Other technical solutions formed by any combination. For example, a technical solution is formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with the technical features disclosed in this application (but not limited to) with similar functions.

Claims (2)

1. the large-scale saline-alkali farmland water, fertilizer and salt comprehensive control method based on Big Dipper positioning, is characterized in that: comprise sensor collection system, irrigation spraying integrated system and control system, The sensor collection system is in communication connection with the control system through the Beidou positioning module, and the control system is in communication connection with the irrigation and spraying integrated system through the Beidou positioning module, The sensor collection system includes a sensor device, The sensor device comprises a monitoring camera (1), a weather detection box (2), a land detection device (3), the land detection device (3) is in the shape of a cuboid, the monitoring camera (1) and the weather detection box (2) Both are fixed on the upper end surface of the land detection device (3) through the vertical support rod (4), and the monitoring camera (1) is fixed on the upper end surface of the vertical support rod (4), The weather detection box (2) is fixed at the middle part of the vertical support rod (4), The land detection device (3) comprises a detection casing (3.1), a soil borrowing device (3.2), a soil removal device (3.3) and a soil sensor (3.4), The detection housing (3.1) includes a gear placement box (3.1.1) and a device placement frame (3.1.2), the gear placement box (3.1.1) is a cuboid box with a hollow interior, and the device placement frame ( 3.1.2) is a cuboid frame body with both upper and lower end faces open, the device placement frame (3.1.2) is fixed on the lower end face of the gear placement box (3.1.1), The soil borrowing device (3.2) includes a vertical screw rod (3.2.1) and a soil extraction frame (3.2.2). The vertical screw rod (3.2.1) is a vertically placed screw rod. The soil frame (3.2.2) has a conical shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the soil borrowing frame (3.2.2) is a conical shape with an inner hollow upper end face opening, and the outer side of the soil borrowing frame (3.2.2) The surface is provided with a helical blade (3.2.2.1), the helical blade (3.2.2.1) is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the lower end face of the vertical screw (3.2.1) is fixed on the borrow frame (3.2.2. 2) In the middle part of the inner bottom end face, the vertical screw rod (3.2.1) is provided with a limit ring (3.2.1.1), and the number of the limit ring (3.2.1.1) is two, and one of the limit rings (3.2.1.1). A limit ring (3.2.1.1) is located at the upper end of the vertical screw (3.2.1), and another limit ring (3.2.1.1) is located at the lower end of the vertical screw (3.2.1) part, The soil removal device (3.3) comprises a vertical rod (3.3.1) and a soil removal plate (3.3.2), the vertical rod (3.3.1) is a vertically placed cylindrical rod, and the soil removal The plate (3.3.2) is a downwardly inclined arc structure, one end of the soil removal plate (3.3.2) is fixed at the lower end of the vertical rod (3.3.1), and the soil removal plate (3.3.3) .2) the other end is suspended, the center of the soil removal plate (3.3.2) and the center of the soil extraction frame (3.2.2) are located on the same vertical line, The soil sensor (3.4) includes a soil moisture-temperature-salinity-pH four-parameter recorder and a groundwater level meter, and the sensing probe of the soil sensor (3.4) is located at the side end of the soil borrowing frame (3.2.2). directly above the part, The number of the soil borrowing device (3.2), the soil removing device (3.3) and the soil sensor (3.4) are the same, and the soil borrowing device (3.2), the soil removing device (3.3) and the soil The number of sensors (3.4) is several, The upper end of the vertical screw rod (3.2.1) is fixed through the gear placement box (3.1.1) through a bearing, and a rotating motor is arranged in the gear placement box (3.1.1). The lead screw (3.2.1) is fixedly connected with the rotating motor, and a plurality of the vertical lead screws (3.2.1) are meshed and connected through a rotating gear, The upper end face of the vertical rod (3.3.1) is fixed on the lower end face of the gear placement box (3.1.1), and the upper end face of the soil sensor (3.4) is fixed on the gear placement box (3.1.1) ) on the lower end face, The control system includes an information receiving module, an information processing module and a control module, The control system receives the information sent by the sensor collection system through the Beidou positioning module through the information receiving module, and the control system collects the collected information through the information processing module and sends it to the irrigation and spraying integration through the control module. system. 2. The large-scale saline-alkali farmland water, fertilizer and salt comprehensive control method based on Beidou positioning according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sensor device in the sensor system is in the large-scale saline-alkali land range, and is installed at every interval. A set of the sensor device is provided, the sensor device is directly inserted into the ground to be detected, and a Beidou positioning module is installed on the sensor device.

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