CN113076785A - Optical sensing system and nanostructure layer - Google Patents
Optical sensing system and nanostructure layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113076785A CN113076785A CN202010009102.5A CN202010009102A CN113076785A CN 113076785 A CN113076785 A CN 113076785A CN 202010009102 A CN202010009102 A CN 202010009102A CN 113076785 A CN113076785 A CN 113076785A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical sensing system and a nanostructure layer, wherein the optical sensing system comprises a total reflection conducting layer, an optical sensor and a nanostructure layer, wherein the total reflection conducting layer is provided with an upper surface and a lower surface and is configured to enable optical information to be transmitted in a total reflection way in the total reflection conducting layer in a total reflection way, and when an object contacts the upper surface of the total reflection conducting layer, the total reflection transmission of the optical information is damaged and the optical information is output; the light sensing layer is arranged below the total reflection conducting layer and is configured to receive the light information; a light output layer disposed between the total reflection conductive layer and the light sensing layer, the light output layer having a nanostructure layer configured to transmit the light information outputted from the total reflection conductive layer to the light sensing layer, and having the function of preventing reflection of the light information. Therefore, the invention can effectively improve the stability of the light sensing system, in particular the accuracy of the light sensing layer.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an optical sensing system, and more particularly, to an optical sensing system using an anti-reflective nanostructure layer to realize full-screen sensing.
Background
In recent years, the development of fingerprint identification has been rising again, and the application of fingerprint identification under the display screen in the market at present can be divided into three systems, i.e. traditional capacitive fingerprint identification, ultrasonic fingerprint identification, and optical fingerprint identification.
Among them, the optical fingerprint recognition system has the most wide application field, and has the advantages of low cost, mature technology and less interference from ambient light. The main principle is that a sensor projects light, reflected light is obtained, a fingerprint pattern is drawn, and finally the fingerprint pattern is compared with a system memory fingerprint image so as to achieve the identification function.
Currently, in order to increase the sensing area, the conventional optical fingerprint identification system generally adopts the thin film transistor process technology, and applies the characteristic that a-Si/m-Si can absorb visible light wavelength to generate electrical signals, and uses the electrical signals as a light sensor to manufacture a large-screen light sensor. However, since quantum efficiency of a-Si/m-Si is not high, it is necessary to obtain stronger optical information to improve conversion of electrical information, and therefore, how to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of received optical information is one of the problems that research and development staff should solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is accomplished based on the above technical problems, and provides an optical sensing system and a nanostructure layer, which can effectively improve the accuracy of an optical sensor without increasing or slightly increasing the thickness of a screen, and can prevent the reflection of optical information by using the nanostructure layer, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical information.
The present invention provides a photo sensing system having a total reflection conductive layer and a nanostructure layer, comprising: a total reflection conductive layer configured to allow optical information to be transmitted therein by total reflection, and when an object contacts an upper surface of the total reflection conductive layer, to break the transmission of total reflection of the optical information and output the optical information; the light sensing layer is arranged below the total reflection conducting layer and configured to receive light information; a light output layer disposed between the total reflection conductive layer and the light output layer and directly or indirectly disposed on a lower surface of the total reflection conductive layer, the light output layer having a nanostructure layer configured to transmit light information output from the total reflection conductive layer to the light sensing layer; wherein the light sensing layer is disposed directly or indirectly below the nanostructure layer and configured to receive the light information output by the nanostructure layer.
Optionally, the light sensing layer is disposed below the light output layer.
Optionally, the nanostructure layer is formed on a surface of the light output layer, and the light output layer is located on a lower surface of the total reflection conductive layer.
In an embodiment of the invention, the optical information output by the external light source has a higher collimation property, i.e. it has a smaller divergence angle, so that the optical information transmitted by total reflection in the total reflection conductive layer can be transmitted for a longer distance, and the optical information transmitted to the photo sensing layer can have a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the divergence angle ranges from 0.3 degrees to 5 degrees.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nanostructure layer is formed on the surface of the total reflection conductive layer.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the light output layer is disposed on the surface of the total reflection layer in an embossing manner, and is used for preventing the light information output from the total reflection layer from being reflected and transmitting the light information to the light sensing layer.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the light output layer is a thin film, and the thin film is adhered to the total reflection layer for preventing the light information output from the total reflection layer from reflecting and transmitting the light information to the photo-sensing layer.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a nanostructure layer for use in the above mentioned optical sensing system, which comprises a nanostructure for transmitting the optical information outputted from the total reflection conductive layer to the optical sensing layer, wherein the nanostructure layer is used for preventing the optical information outputted from the total reflection conductive layer from being reflected, thereby causing the attenuation of the optical information.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nanostructure may be made of plastic.
In an embodiment of the invention, the shape of the nanostructure may be a cone, a rectangular pyramid, a triangular pyramid, or the like, or a cylinder, a square prism, a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or any combination thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter and height of the nanostructure are between 10nm and 100 nm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the nanostructure is smaller than the refractive index of the total reflection layer.
Optionally, the refractive index of the nanostructure is between 1.3 and 1.5.
To enable those skilled in the art to understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates an optical fingerprint recognition system known in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light sensing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating output light information of an external light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a nanostructure layer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a light sensing system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a diagram of a light sensing system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5C is a diagram of a light sensing system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5D is a schematic diagram of a light sensing system according to another embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
101. a light follower;
102. a contact interface;
103. a light sensor;
200. a light sensing system;
201. a totally reflecting conductive layer;
202. a nanostructure layer;
203. a light output layer;
204. a light sensing layer;
205. an external light source;
400. a nanostructure;
510. a light sensing system;
511. a liquid crystal display panel;
512. a backlight plate;
513. an external light source;
520. a light sensing system;
521. an organic light emitting display panel;
530. a light sensing system;
533. an external light source;
540. a light sensing system;
θ, divergence angle.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to substantially the same components throughout the specification. In the following description, a detailed description of related known techniques or configurations will be omitted when it is determined that the detailed description will obscure the technology to which the present disclosure is directed. In describing several embodiments, introductory portions in this specification typically describe the same components and may be omitted in other embodiments.
Ordinal number containing terms, such as first and second, may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
FIG. 1 shows an optical fingerprint recognition system known in the prior art, comprising: however, the off-screen optical fingerprint recognition system used in the smart phone currently on the market is limited by the volume of the smart phone, which must be eliminated from the conventional optical illumination system, and use the light from the panel of the smart phone as the light source. However, since the lcd panel itself cannot emit light, the products with optical fingerprint recognition under the screen generally use the organic light emitting display panel as the screen. In a smart phone using an organic light emitting display panel as a screen, since the organic light emitting display panel is generally manufactured by a method of evaporating a solid material or spin coating a liquid material, at least one interval is formed between pixels, and thus light can be ensured to pass through. When a user touches the screen with a finger, the finger area is illuminated by light emitted by the screen of the organic light-emitting display panel, the reflected light is transmitted to a sensor under the screen through a screen pixel gap, and a formed image is compared with data stored in the database for analysis.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light sensing system according to the present invention. The light sensing system 200 as shown in fig. 2 comprises: a total reflection conducting layer 201, a light output layer 203 and a light sensing layer 204, wherein the light output layer 203 comprises a nanostructure layer 202. As shown in fig. 2, the optical information is output to the total reflection layer 201 for total reflection transmission, and the transmission range can reach the full screen, instead of using only the light of the panel itself in the light sensing system as the light source of the light sensing system, so that the full screen fingerprint identification can be realized on the smart phone using the liquid crystal display panel or the organic light emitting display panel as the screen.
Preferably, the total reflection conductive layer 201 may be a transparent material such as glass, ITO, or TFT.
As shown in fig. 2, the nanostructure layer 202 is disposed between the total reflection conducting layer 201 and the light sensing layer 204, and is directly or indirectly disposed on the lower surface of the total reflection layer 201, the light output layer 203 is configured to conduct the optical information output from the total reflection layer 201 to the light sensing layer 204, the light output layer 203 has the nanostructure layer 202, and the nanostructure layer 202 is used for conducting the optical information output from the total reflection conducting layer 201 to the light sensing layer 204, and has an effect of preventing reflection of the optical information; a light sensing layer 204, which may be disposed above or below the light output layer 204, is configured to receive light information output by the light output layer 203.
Preferably, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the external light source 205 outputting the optical information according to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, when the external light source 205 outputs the optical information, the optical information has a divergence angle θ, and when the divergence angle θ is larger, it means that the collimation of the external light source 205 is lower, and the optical information is transmitted in the total reflection conductive layer 201 by total reflection, the optical information transmitted later may overlap with the optical information transmitted earlier due to the divergence angle θ to generate noise, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical information is reduced. Conversely, when the divergence angle θ is smaller, the collimation of the external light source 205 is higher, and the light information is concentrated, so that the traveling distance of the light information can be longer, noise is not easy to generate, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the light information can be effectively improved. The divergence angle of the optical information output by the external light source 205 according to an embodiment of the present invention is between 0.3 degrees and 5 degrees, preferably between 0.4 degrees and 4 degrees, for example: 0.5 degrees or 3 degrees. As such, the external light source 205 according to an embodiment of the present invention has better collimation and smaller divergence angle, thereby effectively increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and concentrating the light, so as to make the fingerprint image recognition more clear and accurate.
Preferably, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nanostructure layer according to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the nanostructure layer 202 includes a nanostructure 400 configured to prevent reflection or noise generated when optical information output from the total reflection conductive layer 201 is transmitted into the nanostructure 400, which may attenuate the optical information or reduce the signal-to-noise ratio.
The shape of the nanostructure 400 may be a cone, a pyramid, a triangular pyramid, or the like, or a cylinder, a prism, an elliptic cylinder, or any combination thereof. It should be further noted that, from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficiently low reflection characteristics in all regions with wavelengths from 380nm to 700nm in the visible light region, the height of the nanostructure 400 affects the reflectivity of visible light with different wavelengths, especially in the region with long wavelength in the visible light, and therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the nanostructure 400 is between 10nm and 100nm, preferably between 20nm and 90nm, for example: 30nm or 80 nm.
In addition, if the size of the space between the shapes of the nanostructures 400 is very small compared to the wavelength of visible light, the size of the space does not affect the characteristics of the reflected light, however, when the size of the space is close to the lower limit of the wavelength of visible light, i.e. 380nm, the reflectivity of the short wavelength region in the visible light has a significant effect, so according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the nanostructures 400 is between 10nm and 100nm, preferably between 20nm and 90nm, for example: 30nm or 80 nm.
Preferably, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the shape of the nano-structures 400 and the input optical information can be adjusted according to the configuration of the optical sensing layer 203, that is, different optical sensing elements can have different angles when being used as the optical sensing layer 203, and the images sensed by different optical sensing layers 203 can be adjusted and corrected through a software algorithm, so that the fingerprint images acquired in each direction have consistency.
Preferably, the nanostructure 400 can be made of plastic according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Preferably, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the light output layer 203 may be disposed on the lower surface of the total reflection conductive layer 201 by stamping. It is further noted that, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the imprinting material may be hardened by a chemical and/or physical process. Also, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the imprint material may be hardened by electromagnetic radiation and/or by temperature.
Preferably, according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the light output layer 203 is disposed on the lower surface of the total reflection conductive layer 201 by stamping, the refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure 400 may be smaller than the refractive index of the total reflection conductive layer 201. Thus, the refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure 400 may be between 1.2 and 1.55, preferably between 1.3 and 1.51, for example, the refractive index of the material is 1.45.
Preferably, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the light output layer 203 is a thin film with a thickness of 10nm to 1000nm, and can be attached to the lower surface of the total reflection conductive layer 201. At this time, the refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure 400 may be smaller than that of the total reflection conductive layer 201, so the refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure 400 may be between 1.2 and 1.55, preferably between 1.3 and 1.51, for example, the refractive index of the material is 1.45.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5A, the photo sensing system 510 includes: a total reflection conducting layer 201, a nanostructure layer 202, a liquid crystal display panel 511, a backlight plate 512 and a photo-sensing layer 204. As shown in fig. 5A, the external light source 513 includes a liquid crystal display panel 511, a backlight plate 512, and a light sensing layer 204. It should be further noted that the photo-sensing layer 204 according to an embodiment of the invention is a transparent photo-sensing layer, and therefore, it can be disposed between the liquid crystal display panel 511 and the backlight plate 512.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5A, first, an external light source 513 outputs optical information into the total reflection conducting layer 201 to be transmitted by total reflection, and when an object contacts the total reflection conducting layer 201, the total reflection transmission of the optical information is destroyed, so that the total reflection conducting layer 201 outputs the optical information to the nanostructure layer 202 disposed below, wherein the nanostructure layer 202 has an anti-reflection nanostructure 400; then, the optical information is transmitted from the nanostructure layer 202 to the photo-sensing layer 203 after penetrating through the liquid crystal display panel 511; finally, fingerprint image recognition is achieved through the light sensing layer 204.
Although fig. 5A shows an embodiment of an optical sensing system 510, the present invention is not limited thereto, and fig. 5B shows an optical sensing system 520 according to another embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a total reflection conductive layer 201, a nanostructure layer 202, an organic light emitting display panel 521, and a photo sensing layer 204. The organic light emitting display panel 521 is characterized in that the thickness of the light sensing system 520 can be effectively reduced when the organic light emitting display panel is used, so that the application range of the organic light emitting display panel is wider. However, in the embodiments of the light emitter 120 shown in fig. 5A and 5B, the light sensing layer 204 is disposed below the liquid crystal display panel 511 or the organic light emitting display panel 521, which results in the degradation of the definition and accuracy of the light sensing layer 204 for fingerprint image recognition.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 5C, a light sensing system 530 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes: a total reflection conducting layer 201, a nanostructure layer 202, a photo-sensing layer 204, a liquid crystal display panel 511 and a backlight 512. As shown in fig. 5A, the external light source 513 includes a liquid crystal display panel 511 and a backlight 512. In this way, the definition and accuracy of the light sensing layer 204 for fingerprint image recognition can be effectively improved, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Further, as shown in fig. 5D, in another embodiment of the present invention, the light sensing system 540 includes: a total reflection conductive layer 201, a nanostructure layer 202, a photo sensing layer 203, and an organic light emitting display panel 521. Therefore, the definition and accuracy of the light sensing layer 204 for fingerprint image recognition are effectively improved, and the thickness of the light sensing system 540 is effectively reduced.
Therefore, the present invention has the following implementation and technical effects:
first, the present invention totally reflects and transmits optical information in the totally reflecting conductive layer 201, instead of using panel light as a light source, and simultaneously arranges the light sensing layer 204 between the liquid crystal display panel 511 and the backlight 512, so that no matter the organic light emitting display panel or the liquid crystal display panel is used as a screen, the optical fingerprint recognition under the screen can be realized, thereby improving the general applicability of the light sensing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Secondly, the present invention improves the noise ratio of the optical information outputted from the total reflection conducting layer 201 to the optical sensing layer 204 by the nanostructure layer 202 having the anti-reflection nanostructure 400, so that the definition and accuracy of the optical sensing layer 204 for fingerprint image recognition are improved.
Third, the present invention further improves the recognition speed and accuracy of the photo sensing layer 204 by directly disposing the photo sensing layer 204 under the nanostructure layer 202.
The foregoing describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the disclosure of the present specification.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; it is intended that all such equivalent changes and modifications be included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof.
Claims (12)
1. A light sensing system, comprising:
a total reflection conducting layer having an upper surface and a lower surface for totally reflecting and transmitting an optical information in the total reflection conducting layer, wherein when an object contacts the upper surface of the total reflection conducting layer, the total reflection transmission of the optical information is destroyed and the optical information is outputted;
the light sensing layer is arranged below the total reflection conducting layer and used for receiving the light information;
a light output layer disposed between the total reflection conducting layer and the light sensing layer and directly or indirectly disposed on the lower surface of the total reflection conducting layer, the light output layer having a nanostructure layer for transmitting the light information outputted from the total reflection conducting layer to the light sensing layer, and having an effect of preventing reflection of the light information;
wherein the light sensing layer is disposed directly or indirectly below the nanostructure layer to receive the light information output by the nanostructure layer.
2. A light sensing system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the light sensing layer is disposed below the light output layer.
3. A light sensing system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the nanostructure layer is formed on a surface of the light output layer, the light output layer being located on a lower surface of the totally reflecting conductive layer.
4. A light sensing system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said light output layer is disposed on said lower surface of said totally reflecting conductive layer by a stamping process to prevent reflection of said light information output in said totally reflecting conductive layer and to transmit said light information to said light sensing layer.
5. A light sensing system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said light output layer is a thin film, said thin film is adhered to said lower surface of said totally reflecting conductive layer to prevent reflection of said light information output in said totally reflecting conductive layer and to transmit said light information to said light sensing layer.
6. A nanostructure layer for use in the light sensing system of claim 1, comprising a nanostructure for preventing reflection of light information output in a totally reflecting conductive layer and transmitting the light information to a light sensing layer.
7. The nanostructure layer of claim 6, wherein the nanostructure is configured as a cone, a pillar, or a combination thereof.
8. The nanostructured layer of claim 6, formed on a lower surface of the fully reflective conductive layer.
9. The nanostructure layer of claim 7, wherein the nanostructure has a shape with a diameter and a height between 10nm and 100 nm.
10. The nanostructured layer of claim 7, wherein the nanostructured layer is made of plastic.
11. The nanostructured layer of claim 7, wherein the refractive index of the nanostructure is less than the refractive index of the fully reflective conductive layer.
12. The nanostructured layer of claim 11, wherein the nanostructure has a refractive index between 1.3 and 1.5.
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