CN113068587A

CN113068587A - Indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device and method

Info

Publication number: CN113068587A
Application number: CN202110444713.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙娟; 王增裕; 杨国锋; 杨超; 苗福泓; 李康佳
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-04-24
Filing date: 2021-04-24
Publication date: 2021-07-06

Abstract

The invention discloses an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device and method, wherein the device comprises a supporting system, a drip irrigation system, a light supplement lamp assembly and a soil temperature and water content real-time monitoring assembly, and the indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device is characterized in that the supporting system comprises: the device comprises a support frame 7, a double-layer lamp holder 8, a fan 11, a support 12 and a steel wire rope 16; the drip irrigation system comprises: the device comprises a water pump 1, a water storage tank 2, a flowerpot 3, a drip irrigation pipe 4, a drip irrigation emitter 5, a valve 6, a drip arrow 18, a water pump outlet valve 19 and a water pump fixing screw 20; the light filling lamp assembly includes: an LED lamp 9, a sodium lamp 10; soil temperature moisture content real-time supervision subassembly includes: receiver 13, soil temperature moisture sensor display screen 14, soil temperature moisture sensor 15, current stabilizer 17, sensor probe 21.

Description

Indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation devices, in particular to an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device and method.

Background

Under the strategic background of national water saving and weight losing, the concept of large water and large fertilizer does not meet the requirement of green sustainable development; secondly, the water and fertilizer are applied on the surface layer, which not only causes waste, but also easily causes the flooding of weeds with shallow root systems. In addition, drought, flooding and the like can have adverse effects on alfalfa plant growth and related experimental research during outdoor cultivation; therefore, aiming at the problem, an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device is urgently needed.

In the modern cultivation technique, indoor cultivation has also obtained certain development, and indoor cultivation can carry out the fine management, has effectively avoided the influence that external environment changes and brings, thereby can also accurately study some states or conditions that the competition effect between alfalfa and the weeds can not reach outdoor cultivation in addition, must use indoor cultivation device at indoor cultivation, although the kind of indoor cultivation device has very much, still can't satisfy the demand of user to alfalfa cultivation.

Present indoor cultivation device, can't satisfy the alfalfa to irradiant strong demand, secondly can't carry out accurate liquid manure to planting the plant in the basin and adjust and the degree of depth regulation of applying under the condition of driping irrigation, can't provide sufficient growth space for the plant simultaneously, be unfavorable for the growth of plant, for example, in the current indoor alfalfa cultivation, only place alfalfa cultivated in a pot on ordinary plant cultivates the frame, because of cultivateing the limit of frame bearing and height, it is limited to cause alfalfa growth space, it is the LED fluorescent tube to cultivate the frame light filling lamp in addition, illumination is less strong, easily lead to the plant poor growth, the plant weak, the leaf colour lightens and very easily suffers the invasion and attack of plant diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the growing of the alfalfa urgently needs an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device to solve the defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, taking back soil in the field, fully and uniformly mixing the soil, and filling the mixture into flowerpots required by 48 experiments;

2) then, uniformly sowing 20 alfalfa seeds of alfalfa three in each pot;

3) watering after sowing, carrying out conventional field management, and setting 10 seedlings per pot after alfalfa seedlings emerge regularly;

4) after the seedlings are fixed, starting the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment, and irrigating and supplying nutrition to each pot of alfalfa every 15 days;

5) harvesting the alfalfa in the initial flowering period, wherein the stubble height is 2 cm.

In the method of 5) above, the initial flowering period of alfalfa is defined as 10% of the flowering time of the alfalfa plant.

The alfalfa seeds of the Chinese alfalfa three are carefully selected seeds without diseases, insect pests and deformity.

The yield of the alfalfa hay in the method is improved by 20-30% compared with the conventional cultivation contrast. In addition, under the indoor water and fertilizer integrated cultivation measure, when the first batch of alfalfa is applied at a depth of 15cm (namely the buried depth of a drip irrigation emitter is 15cm) and the irrigation amount is 500mm, the alfalfa grows well and the water-saving effect can be achieved.

In order to ensure the implementation of the method, the invention further provides an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device, which solves the problems that the existing indoor cultivation device cannot meet the requirements of alfalfa on the intensity and time of illumination, cannot accurately adjust the water and fertilizer application amount and the application depth of plants planted in a planting pot under the drip irrigation condition, cannot provide enough growth space for the plants and is not beneficial to the growth of the plants.

The cultivation device comprises a supporting system, a drip irrigation system, a light supplement lamp assembly and a soil temperature and water content real-time monitoring assembly, wherein the supporting system comprises: the device comprises a support frame 7, a double-layer lamp holder 8, a fan 11, a support 12 and a steel wire rope 16; wherein the drip irrigation system comprises: the device comprises a water pump 1, a water storage tank 2, a flowerpot 3, a drip irrigation pipe 4, a drip irrigation emitter 5, a valve 6, a drip arrow 18, a water pump outlet valve 19 and a water pump fixing screw 20; wherein, the fill light assembly includes: an LED lamp 9, a sodium lamp 10; wherein, soil temperature moisture content real-time supervision subassembly includes: a storage box 13 and a soil temperature and moisture sensor display screen 14; a soil temperature and moisture sensor 15, a current stabilizer 17 and a sensor probe 21;

wherein, support frame 7 below is equipped with LED lamp 9, sodium lamp 10, and flowerpot 3 is located support frame 7 below ground, and it is equipped with and drips irrigation pipe 4, drips irrigation emitter 5, and valve 6, current stabilizer 17, drips arrow 18, and every flowerpot 3 is provided with soil temperature moisture sensor 15, and sensor 15 is connected with the display screen 14 of placing in receiver 13 through the transmission line, has probe 21 on the sensor.

Preferably, in the device, the support frame 7 comprises a support 12, a cross beam is arranged at the upper end of the support 12, the lower part of the support 12 is fixed on the ground, a double-layer lamp holder 8 consisting of two transverse six longitudinal stainless steel round tubes fixed by steel wires is arranged below the cross beam, the height of the lamp holder can be adjusted by adjusting the steel wire rope, an LED lamp 9 is arranged below the double-layer lamp holder 8, a sodium lamp 10 forms a light supplementing system, the light supplementing system is used for adjusting the illumination in the accommodating space, flowerpots 3 are arranged below the support frame 7, drip irrigation pipes 4 are paved at the upper ends of the flowerpots, each flowerpot 3 is communicated with a drip irrigation emitter 5, a water pump 1 is connected to the left side of each drip irrigation pipe 4, a water storage tank 2.

The water pump 1 is fixed through a screw 20, the water inlet end of the water pump 1 is connected with the water storage tank 2, the water outlet end is connected with the drip irrigation pipe 4 through a water pump water outlet valve 19, the drip irrigation pipe 4 is provided with two valves 19, and the drip irrigation pipe 4 is inserted into the flowerpot 3 through a flow stabilizer 17 and a drip irrigation emitter 5 and then through a drip arrow 8.

In the device, forty-eight flowerpots 3 can be arranged, the forty-eight flowerpots 3 are divided into four rows, the tail ends of twelve drip irrigation drippers 5 which are arranged at equal intervals in each row are provided with drip arrows 18 for discharging water, and by utilizing the mutual matching action between the drip arrows, the stable and continuous irrigation and nutrition supply for potted plants can be realized, and in addition, the depth of irrigation and nutrition supply can be adjusted through the burying depth of the drip arrows.

A light supplementing lamp assembly is arranged at the upper end of the flowerpot 3, wherein the upper layer of the stainless steel double-layer lamp holder 8 is two transverse stainless steel pipes which are connected with a cross beam of the upper supporting frame 7 through a steel wire rope, and 12 sodium lamps are hung at the lower ends of the two transverse stainless steel pipes; the 8 lower floor of stainless steel double-deck lighting fixture is 4 vertical stainless steel pipes, and it hangs on upper stainless steel pipe through wire rope, and its below is provided with eight rows of LED lamps 9, through the adjustable light filling height of the wire rope between this light filling banks spare and the stainless steel frame main part of adjustment, satisfies the demand that the plant growth was focused on in each period.

In the device, three soil temperature and moisture sensors 15 with different soil layer depths are arranged on the side surface of each flowerpot 3, the sensors 15 are connected with a display screen 14 arranged in a storage box 13 through transmission lines and used for monitoring the temperature and moisture of soil in real time, and each sensor is provided with three probes 21.

Preferably, the left side of the device of the present invention is provided with a drain outlet.

Preferably, the support frame 7 is a stainless steel square tube, so that the support frame is firm, durable and not easy to deform.

Preferably, the end of the drip irrigation system is provided with drop arrows, and the number of the drop arrows is 4.

Preferably, the flowerpot 3 is arranged below the supporting frame 7, the number of the flowerpot 3 is 48, the 48 flowerpot 3 is divided into four rows, each row is provided with 12 flowerpot bodies arranged at equal intervals, and different flowerpot specifications can be selected according to the use requirement.

Preferably, the drip irrigation pipe 4 is provided with water pipe branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with a switch valve 6.

Preferably, the height of the lamp holder can be adjusted by adjusting the steel wire rope

Preferably, the side surface of each flowerpot 3 is provided with a small hole, and the small hole is connected with a soil humidity and temperature sensor probe 21.

Preferably, the left side of the water tank is provided with a display screen 14 connected with a sensor, so that the soil humidity and the temperature can be displayed in real time.

Preferably, the surrounding curtain is arranged around the supporting frame 7.

Preferably, the fan 11, the sodium lamp 10 and the LED lamp 9 are all connected with a power supply timer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

this indoor greenhouse cultivation device suitable for sustainable supply nutrient solution, through setting up drip irrigation system, light filling system and soil temperature moisture content real-time supervision system, utilize the interact between them to can realize accurate continuous carrying out growth environment control to potted plant, secondly can adjust irrigation depth and irrigation volume through the convenient plant to planting the planting in the basin of water dropper, reduce workman's work load, improve the growth environment of plant, be favorable to the growth of plant. The invention has simple operation, durability and strong practicability, and can be widely popularized and used.

The method is convenient to use and simple to operate, can well perform fine management on alfalfa cultivation, effectively avoids the uncontrollable external environment influence during outdoor cultivation, and has the advantage of saving water resources. In addition, by adjusting the height of the light compensating system and the bracket, the device can meet the requirements of crops with different heights except alfalfa, and the application range of the device is widened.

Under the indoor water and fertilizer integrated cultivation condition, the growth of the alfalfa is better, and the yield of the alfalfa hay is improved by 20-30% compared with the conventional cultivation contrast. In addition, under the indoor water and fertilizer integrated cultivation measure, when the first batch of alfalfa is applied at a depth of 15cm (namely the buried depth of a drip irrigation emitter is 15cm) and the irrigation amount is 500mm, the alfalfa grows well and the water-saving effect can be achieved. Compared with the conventional control, the herbicide has better inhibition effect on weeds such as crabgrass, and the weeds such as the crabgrass are more favorable for growth by irrigating and fertilizing on the opposite surface.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as upper and lower, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fill light assembly according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a drip emitter assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a water pump assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sensor assembly of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a water pump; 2. a water storage tank; 3. a flower pot; 4. a drip irrigation pipe; 5. drip irrigation drippers; 6. a valve; 7. a support frame; 8. a double-layer lamp holder; 9. an LED lamp; 10. a sodium lamp; 11. a fan; 12. a support; 13. a storage box; 14. a soil temperature and moisture sensor display screen; 15. a soil temperature and moisture sensor; 16. a steel wire rope 17 and a current stabilizer; 18. dropping arrows; 19. a water outlet valve of the water pump; 20. a water pump fixing screw; 21. a sensor probe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-6, an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device comprises a stainless steel frame main body, a drip irrigation system, a light supplement lamp assembly and a soil temperature and moisture real-time monitoring assembly, wherein a water pump 1 is fixed on a table top through screws 20, the water inlet end of the water pump 1 is connected with a water storage tank 2, the water outlet end of the water pump 1 is connected with a drip irrigation pipe 4 through a water pump water outlet valve 19, two valve switches are arranged on the drip irrigation pipe 4, the drip irrigation pipe 5 is respectively inserted into a flowerpot 3 through a current stabilizer 17, forty-eight cultivation basins are arranged, the forty-eight cultivation basins are divided into four rows, the tail end of each row of twelve equidistantly arranged drip irrigation drippers is provided with a drip arrow 18 for discharging water, and by, therefore, the potted plant can be stably and continuously irrigated and supplied with nutrition, and the depth of irrigation and nutrition supply can be adjusted through the burial depth of the drop arrows. A light supplement lamp component (figure 3) is arranged at the upper end of the planting pot 3, wherein the upper layer of the stainless steel double-layer lamp holder 8 is provided with two transverse stainless steel pipes which are connected with the upper stainless steel frame main body through steel wire ropes, and 12 sodium lamps are hung at the lower ends of the two transverse stainless steel pipes; the lower layer of the stainless steel double-layer lamp holder 8 is 4 vertical stainless steel tubes, the stainless steel double-layer lamp holder is hung on the upper stainless steel tube through a steel wire rope, and eight rows of LED lamp tubes are arranged below the stainless steel double-layer lamp holder. The height of the light supplement can be adjusted by adjusting the steel wire rope between the light supplement lamp assembly and the stainless steel frame main body, and the requirement of the plant for light in each period of growth is met. The side of every flowerpot is provided with three soil temperature moisture sensor 15, and sensor 15 is connected with the display screen 14 of placing in receiver 13 through the transmission line for the temperature and the moisture of real-time supervision soil. Each sensor has three probes 21.

Example 2

The whole process and method for alfalfa cultivation are as follows:

after sowing alfalfa in each flowerpot, after the seedlings emerge neatly, the seedlings are fixed by 10 plants, a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation system is used for irrigating and supplying nutrition to four rows of forty-eight alfalfa pot plants every 15 days, required water soluble fertilizer is dissolved in water in a water storage tank before irrigation, when irrigation starts, a drip irrigation pipe switch valve and a water pump water outlet valve are firstly opened, then a water pump is started to irrigate, soil moisture change is monitored in real time through a soil temperature and moisture sensor, the irrigation amount is controlled by controlling the time of the drip irrigation pipe valve switch, and during cultivation, the illumination time of an LED lamp is 6 every day: 00-22: 00; the sodium lamp illumination time is 8: 00-12: 00 every day, 13: and the total time of 00-17: 00 is 8 hours. The sodium lamp and the LED lamp are both switched on and off in a timing mode through a timer. The fan was turned on for 11: 00-13: 00, 16: 00-18: 00. And (3) cutting the alfalfa when the alfalfa grows to the initial flowering phase, cutting 10 alfalfa plants fixedly planted in each flowerpot by using scissors during harvesting, putting the alfalfa plants into a mesh bag, weighing and drying for later use.

Under the cultivation condition of the invention, the alfalfa grows better, and the alfalfa yield is improved by 20-30% compared with the conventional cultivation contrast.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. an indoor alfalfa water and fertilizer integrated cultivation device, comprising a support system, a drip irrigation system, a fill light assembly and a soil temperature moisture content real-time monitoring assembly, wherein, the support system comprises: a support frame 7, a double-layered Light stand 8, fan 11, bracket 12, wire rope 16; the drip irrigation system includes: water pump 1, water storage tank 2, flower pot 3, drip irrigation pipe 4, drip irrigation dripper 5, valve 6, drip arrow 18, water pump outlet valve 19 , water pump fixing screw 20; the fill light assembly includes: LED lamp 9, sodium lamp 10; the soil temperature and moisture content real-time monitoring assembly includes: a storage box 13, a soil temperature and moisture sensor display screen 14, a soil temperature and moisture sensor 15, Flow stabilizer 17, sensor probe 21; wherein, LED lights 9 and sodium lamps 10 are installed below the support frame 7, and the flowerpot 3 is located on the ground at the bottom of the support frame 7, which is equipped with drip irrigation pipes 4, drip irrigation drip heads 5, valves 6 , flow stabilizer 17, drop arrow 18, each flower pot 3 is provided with a soil temperature and moisture sensor 15, the sensor 15 is connected to the display screen 14 placed in the storage box 13 through a transmission line, and the sensor has a probe 21.

2. chemical cultivation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described support frame 7 comprises support 12, upper end is provided with cross beam, the bottom of support 12 is fixed on the ground, and the bottom of the cross beam is provided with two horizontal six longitudinal stainless steel wires fixed by steel wire. The height of the double-layer lamp stand 8 composed of round tubes can be adjusted by adjusting the steel wire rope.

3. The cultivation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the LED lamp 9 is installed under the double-layer lamp stand 8, and the sodium lamp 10 constitutes a light-filling system, and the light-filling system is used to adjust the interior of the accommodating space. of illumination.

4. cultivating device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described support frame 7 is provided with flowerpot 3 below, the flowerpot upper end is covered with drip irrigation pipe 4, and each flowerpot 3 is provided with a drip irrigation dripper 5, A water pump 1 is connected to the left side of the drip irrigation pipe 4 , a water storage tank 2 is connected to the water inlet of the water pump 1 , and a soil humidity temperature sensor 15 is connected to the flower pot 3 .

5. The cultivation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the water pump 1 is fixed by screws 20, the water inlet end of the water pump 1 is connected to the water storage tank 2, and the water outlet end is connected to the drip irrigation pipe 4 through the water pump outlet valve 19, and the drip irrigation pipe There are two valves 6 on the 4, and the drip irrigation pipe 4 is inserted into the flowerpot 3 through the flow regulator 17 and the drip irrigation dripper 5 through the drip arrow 8.

6 . The cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein the drip irrigation pipe 4 is provided with a water pipe branch pipe, and each branch pipe is provided with an on-off valve 6 . 7 .

7 . The cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the double-layer lamp stand 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the steel wire rope. 8 .

8 . The cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein a small hole is provided on the side of each flowerpot 3 , and the small hole is connected to the soil moisture and temperature sensor probe 21 .

9 . The cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein a curtain is provided around the support frame 7 ; the fan 11 , the sodium lamp 10 and the LED lamp 9 are all connected to a power timer. 10 .

10. a method for cultivating alfalfa using the cultivating device according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

The method includes the following steps:

1) First, get back the soil in the field and mix it well, and put it into the flowerpots required for 48 experiments;

2) then, evenly sow 20 middle alfalfa No. 3 alfalfa seeds in every pot;

3) water after sowing is completed, carry out routine field management, and after the alfalfa seedlings emerge neatly, 10 seedlings are fixed in each pot;

4) After the seedlings are fixed, the integrated drip irrigation equipment of water and fertilizer is activated, and each pot of alfalfa is irrigated and nutrient replenished every 15 days;

5) Harvest the alfalfa at the initial flowering stage, and the stubble height is 2 cm.