CN113067481B - Error compensation circuit of switching power supply and switching power supply - Google Patents
Error compensation circuit of switching power supply and switching power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN113067481B CN113067481B CN202110482950.2A CN202110482950A CN113067481B CN 113067481 B CN113067481 B CN 113067481B CN 202110482950 A CN202110482950 A CN 202110482950A CN 113067481 B CN113067481 B CN 113067481B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a switching power supply error compensation circuit and a switching power supply. The error conversion circuit obtains an error voltage between the output feedback voltage of the switching power supply and a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, and converts the error voltage into an error current; the current integrating circuit integrates the error current to obtain a compensation voltage; the conduction control circuit controls the conduction time of a power switch connected with a primary winding of a transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage so as to stabilize the output feedback voltage to a preset stabilized reference voltage; the voltage constraint circuit controls the error conversion circuit to adjust the converted error current according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage, and controls the conduction control circuit to adjust the conduction time of the control circuit so as to constrain the variation amplitude within a preset voltage constraint range. Therefore, the application avoids the output voltage from dropping greatly for a long time when the load current of the switching power supply increases rapidly, thereby accelerating the stabilization process of the control loop and improving the system stability.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of switching power supplies, and in particular, to a switching power supply error compensation circuit and a switching power supply.
Background
The switching power supply comprises a rectifying circuit and a transformer; the rectification circuit is used for rectifying alternating current input by the switching power supply into direct current; the transformer is used for providing the load with the required electric energy after the rectified direct current is subjected to transformation treatment.
At present, in order to ensure the stability of the output voltage of the switching power supply, a control circuit for error compensation is generally disposed in the switching power supply, as shown in fig. 1, a conventional control circuit includes an error conversion circuit, a compensation capacitor C, a conduction control circuit, and a power switch Q connected to a primary winding L of a transformer, and the error compensation principle is as follows: the error conversion circuit is used for solving the error voltage between the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage VREF and converting the error voltage between the output feedback voltage FBSH and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage VREF into error current to be output; the compensation capacitor C is used for integrating the error current output by the error conversion circuit to obtain compensation voltage; the on control circuit is used for controlling the on time of the power switch Q according to the compensation voltage at two ends of the compensation capacitor C so as to adjust the output current of the switching power supply and further adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply, so that the output feedback voltage FBSH is stabilized to the preset stabilized reference voltage VREF.
However, when the load current of the switching power supply increases rapidly, the control loop cannot respond rapidly due to the limitation of the frequency characteristic of the compensation capacitor, that is, the output current of the switching power supply cannot be increased rapidly correspondingly, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply drops greatly for a long time, and the stability is poor.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that a person skilled in the art needs to solve at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a switching power supply error compensation circuit and a switching power supply, wherein a voltage constraint circuit is additionally arranged on an original control loop of the switching power supply, so that the variation amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply can be constrained within a preset voltage constraint range, the output voltage is prevented from dropping greatly for a long time when the load current of the switching power supply is rapidly increased, the stabilizing process of the control loop is accelerated, and the system stability is improved.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a switching power supply error compensation circuit, including:
The error conversion circuit is used for solving an error voltage between the output feedback voltage of the switching power supply and a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and converting the error voltage into an error current;
The current integrating circuit is used for integrating the error current to obtain a compensation voltage;
The conduction control circuit is used for controlling the conduction time of a power switch connected with a primary winding of a transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage so as to enable the output feedback voltage to be stabilized to a preset stabilized reference voltage; wherein the higher the compensation voltage, the longer the on-time;
and the voltage constraint circuit is used for controlling the error conversion circuit to adjust the converted error current according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage, and controlling the conduction control circuit to adjust the conduction time controlled by the conduction control circuit so as to constrain the variation amplitude within a preset voltage constraint range.
Preferably, the error conversion circuit includes:
and the inverting input end is connected with the output feedback voltage, the non-inverting input end is connected with a transconductance amplifier of a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, and the transconductance amplifier is used for solving an error voltage between the output feedback voltage and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, amplifying the error voltage and converting the error voltage into an error current and outputting the error current.
Preferably, the current integrating circuit includes:
the first end is respectively connected with the output end of the error conversion circuit and the input end of the conduction control circuit, and the second end is grounded.
Preferably, the voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
When the output feedback voltage is lower than a first reference voltage, the error conversion circuit is controlled to further increase the converted error current on the basis of original error conversion, and the conduction control circuit is controlled to further prolong the controlled conduction time on the basis of original conduction control; the first reference voltage is the lower limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
Preferably, the voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
When the output feedback voltage is higher than a second reference voltage, controlling the error conversion circuit to recover original error conversion, controlling the error conversion circuit to keep non-negative output, and controlling the conduction control circuit to recover original conduction control; wherein the first reference voltage is less than the second reference voltage is less than the upper limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
Preferably, the voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
Releasing control of the error conversion circuit to maintain a non-negative output when the output feedback voltage is higher than a third reference voltage, so as to restrict the magnitude of variation of the output feedback voltage between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage; the third reference voltage is the upper limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
Preferably, the voltage constraint circuit is further configured to:
after the output feedback voltage is higher than a third reference voltage, before the control of the error conversion circuit to hold the non-negative output is released, an operation of releasing the control of the error conversion circuit to hold the non-negative output is performed while waiting for the output feedback voltage to drop to a second reference voltage.
Preferably, the voltage constraint circuit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator, a third comparator, a first latch and a second latch; wherein:
The non-inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with a first reference voltage, the inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the first comparator is respectively connected with the set input end of the first latch and the set input end of the second latch, the inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with a second reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the second comparator is connected with the reset input end of the first latch, the inverting input end of the third comparator is connected with a third reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the third comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the third comparator is connected with the reset input end of the second latch, the output end of the first latch is respectively connected with the first control end of the error conversion circuit and the control end of the conduction control circuit, and the output end of the second latch is connected with the second control end of the error conversion circuit;
The error conversion circuit is used for further increasing the self-converted error current on the basis of original error conversion when the self first control end inputs a high level; when the first control end of the self inputs low level, the original error conversion is recovered; when the second control end of the self-body inputs high level, the self-body is controlled to keep non-negative output; when the second control end of the self-body inputs a low level, the control of keeping the self-body non-negative output is released;
The conduction control circuit is used for further prolonging the control conduction time on the basis of the original conduction control when the control end of the conduction control circuit inputs a high level; when the control terminal inputs low level, the original conduction control is restored.
Preferably, the switching power supply error compensation circuit further comprises a voltage regulating circuit; wherein:
The first input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, the second input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the output end of the current integrating circuit, and the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first comparator;
The voltage regulating circuit is used for regulating the first reference voltage according to the compensation voltage output by the current integrating circuit so that the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage changes along the same direction with the compensation voltage.
Preferably, a third input of the voltage regulating circuit is connected to an output of the second latch;
The voltage regulating circuit is further used for regulating the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage to be smaller by regulating the first reference voltage when the second control signal output by the second latch is at a high level; and when the second control signal is at a low level, the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage is increased by adjusting the first reference voltage.
Preferably, the second reference voltage is equal to the voltage value of the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage; the average value of the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage is equal to the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage; when the output feedback voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, the error current increases in amplitude to enable the error current to flow into the current integrating circuit to generate a compensation voltage which correspondingly increases in amplitude between 1.4 times and 3.2 times.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a switching power supply, which comprises any one of the switching power supply error compensation circuits.
The application provides a switching power supply error compensation circuit which comprises an error conversion circuit, a current integration circuit, a conduction control circuit and a voltage constraint circuit. The error conversion circuit is used for solving an error voltage between the output feedback voltage of the switching power supply and a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and converting the error voltage into an error current; the current integrating circuit is used for integrating the error current to obtain a compensation voltage; the on control circuit is used for controlling the on time of a power switch connected with a primary winding of a transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage so as to stabilize the output feedback voltage to a preset stabilized reference voltage; the voltage constraint circuit is used for controlling the error conversion circuit to adjust the error current converted by the error conversion circuit according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage, and controlling the conduction control circuit to adjust the conduction time controlled by the conduction control circuit so as to constrain the variation amplitude within a preset voltage constraint range. Therefore, the voltage constraint circuit is additionally arranged on the original control loop of the switching power supply, the variation amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply can be constrained within the preset voltage constraint range, and the output voltage is prevented from dropping greatly for a long time when the load current of the switching power supply is rapidly increased, so that the stabilizing process of the control loop is quickened, and the system stability is improved.
The invention also provides a switching power supply which has the same beneficial effects as the error compensation circuit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of error compensation of a control circuit in a switching power supply according to the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a specific signal waveform diagram of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention has the core of providing a switching power supply error compensation circuit and a switching power supply, wherein a voltage constraint circuit is additionally arranged on an original control loop of the switching power supply, so that the variation amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply can be constrained within a preset voltage constraint range, the output voltage is prevented from dropping greatly for a long time when the load current of the switching power supply is rapidly increased, the stabilizing process of the control loop is accelerated, and the system stability is improved.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
The switching power supply error compensation circuit includes:
The error conversion circuit 100 is configured to obtain an error voltage between an output feedback voltage of the switching power supply and a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, and convert the error voltage into an error current;
the current integrating circuit 200 is used for integrating the error current to obtain a compensation voltage;
The conduction control circuit 300 is used for controlling the conduction time of the power switch Q connected with the primary winding L of the transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage so as to stabilize the output feedback voltage to a preset stabilized reference voltage; wherein, the higher the compensation voltage is, the longer the conduction time is;
The voltage constraint circuit 400 is configured to control the error conversion circuit 100 to adjust the converted error current according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage, and control the conduction control circuit 300 to adjust the conduction time controlled by the error conversion circuit to constrain the variation amplitude within a preset voltage constraint range.
Specifically, the switching power supply error compensation circuit of the present application includes an error conversion circuit 100, a current integration circuit 200, a conduction control circuit 300, and a voltage constraint circuit 400, and the working principle thereof is as follows:
The error conversion circuit 100 has two input terminals, wherein one input terminal inputs an output feedback voltage FBSH (which can be obtained by sampling by a voltage sampling circuit) of the switching power supply, and the other input terminal inputs a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0, and the error conversion circuit 100 is used for obtaining an error voltage between the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0 and converting the error voltage between the two into an error current Iint to be output.
The input end of the current integration circuit 200 is connected to the output end of the error conversion circuit 100, and the current integration circuit 200 is configured to integrate the error current Iint output by the error conversion circuit 100, so as to obtain the compensation voltage Vc1. The input end of the conduction control circuit 300 is connected with the output end of the current integration circuit 200, and the conduction control circuit 300 is used for controlling the conduction time of a power switch Q connected with a primary winding L of a transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage Vc1 output by the current integration circuit 200, so as to stabilize the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply to a preset stabilized reference voltage Vref0. It should be noted that, the lower the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is, the higher the compensation voltage Vc1 is, and the longer the on time of the power switch Q is, so that the larger the output current of the switching power supply is, the difference between the output current and the load current of the switching power supply is integrated on the load capacitor to obtain the output voltage, so as to form negative feedback closed loop control, and the output voltage of the switching power supply always tends to be stable at the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0.
The voltage constraint circuit 400 is respectively connected to the control end of the error conversion circuit 100 and the control end of the conduction control circuit 300, and the voltage constraint circuit 400 is used for controlling the error conversion circuit 100 to adjust the converted error current Iint according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, and controlling the conduction control circuit 300 to adjust the conduction time controlled by the error conversion circuit, so as to constrain the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply within a preset voltage constraint range.
Therefore, the voltage constraint circuit is additionally arranged on the original control loop of the switching power supply, the variation amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply can be constrained within the preset voltage constraint range, and the output voltage is prevented from dropping greatly for a long time when the load current of the switching power supply is rapidly increased, so that the stabilizing process of the control loop is quickened, and the system stability is improved.
Based on the above embodiments:
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
As an alternative embodiment, the error conversion circuit 100 includes:
the transconductance amplifier GM with the inverting input connected to the output feedback voltage and the non-inverting input connected to the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage is used for solving the error voltage between the output feedback voltage and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and converting the error voltage into error current output after amplifying the error voltage.
Specifically, the error conversion circuit 100 of the present application includes a transconductance amplifier GM, whose operating principle is:
The inverting input terminal of the transconductance amplifier GM serves as one of the input terminals of the error conversion circuit 100, the non-inverting input terminal of the transconductance amplifier GM serves as the other input terminal of the error conversion circuit 100, and the output terminal of the transconductance amplifier GM serves as the output terminal of the error conversion circuit 100. The transconductance amplifier GM is configured to obtain an error voltage between the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply and a preset stabilized reference voltage Vref0, amplify the error voltage therebetween, and convert the amplified error voltage into an error current Iint for output.
As an alternative embodiment, the current integrating circuit 200 includes:
The first end is respectively connected with the output end of the error conversion circuit 100 and the input end of the conduction control circuit 300, and the second end is grounded.
Specifically, the current integrating circuit 200 of the present application includes a compensation capacitor C, which operates according to the following principle:
The first terminal of the compensation capacitor C serves as both the input terminal of the current integrating circuit 200 and the output terminal of the current integrating circuit 200. The compensation capacitor C is used for integrating the error current Iint output by the transconductance amplifier GM to obtain a compensation voltage Vc1. When the load current of the switching power supply is stabilized, the compensation voltage Vc1 is stabilized at a value corresponding to the load current by the negative feedback closed-loop control.
As an alternative embodiment, the voltage constraint circuit 400 is specifically configured to:
When the output feedback voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, the error conversion circuit 100 is controlled to further increase the converted error current based on the original error conversion, and the conduction control circuit 300 is controlled to further extend the controlled conduction time based on the original conduction control;
When the output feedback voltage is higher than the second reference voltage, the error conversion circuit 100 is controlled to recover the original error conversion, the error conversion circuit 100 is controlled to maintain the non-negative output, and the conduction control circuit 300 is controlled to recover the original conduction control;
When the output feedback voltage is higher than the third reference voltage, the control of the error conversion circuit 100 to maintain the non-negative output is released to restrict the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage; wherein the first reference voltage < the second reference voltage < the third reference voltage.
Specifically, the specific working principle of the voltage constraint circuit 400 of the present application is: when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1, the voltage constraint circuit 400 controls the error conversion circuit 100 to further increase the converted error current Iint on the basis of original error conversion; meanwhile, the voltage constraint circuit 400 controls the conduction control circuit 300 to further extend the conduction time of the control based on the original conduction control, so that the output current of the switching power supply is further increased, and the output voltage of the switching power supply is raised.
When the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the second reference voltage Vref2, the voltage constraint circuit 400 controls the error conversion circuit 100 to recover the original error conversion, that is, the error conversion circuit 100 does not further increase the converted error current Iint based on the original error conversion, and controls the error conversion circuit 100 to maintain the non-negative output, that is, the error conversion circuit 100 is not allowed to output the negative error current Iint, so that the compensation voltage Vc1 does not drop, and the process of stabilizing the compensation voltage Vc1 to the target value is accelerated. Meanwhile, the voltage constraint circuit 400 controls the conduction control circuit 300 to resume the original conduction control, that is, the conduction control circuit 300 does not further extend the conduction time controlled by the conduction control circuit 300 on the basis of the original conduction control.
When the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the third reference voltage Vref3, the voltage constraint circuit 400 releases the control of the error conversion circuit 100 to keep the non-negative output, that is, allows the error conversion circuit 100 to output the error current Iint with a negative value, and finally realizes: the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is constrained between a first reference voltage Vref1 and a third reference voltage Vref3 (Vref 1 is less than Vref2 is less than Vref 3), the first reference voltage Vref1 constrains the lower limit of the output voltage of the switching power supply, and the third reference voltage Vref3 constrains the upper limit of the output voltage of the switching power supply.
As an alternative embodiment, the voltage constraint circuit 400 is further configured to:
after the output feedback voltage is higher than the third reference voltage, before the control of the error conversion circuit 100 to hold the non-negative output is released, an operation of releasing the control of the error conversion circuit 100 to hold the non-negative output is performed while waiting for the output feedback voltage to drop to the second reference voltage.
Further, the voltage constraint circuit 400 according to the present application may, in addition to releasing the control of maintaining the non-negative output of the error conversion circuit 100 when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the third reference voltage Vref3, release the control of maintaining the non-negative output of the error conversion circuit 100 when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply drops to the second reference voltage Vref2 after the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the third reference voltage Vref3, and further accelerate the process of stabilizing the compensation voltage Vc1 to the target value.
As an alternative embodiment, the voltage constraint circuit 400 includes a first comparator cmp1, a second comparator cmp2, a third comparator cmp3, a first latch LA1, and a second latch LA2; wherein:
The non-inverting input end of the first comparator cmp1 is connected with a first reference voltage, the inverting input end of the first comparator cmp1 is connected with an output feedback voltage, the output end of the first comparator cmp1 is respectively connected with the set input end of the first latch LA1 and the set input end of the second latch LA2, the inverting input end of the second comparator cmp2 is connected with a second reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the second comparator cmp2 is connected with an output feedback voltage, the output end of the second comparator cmp2 is connected with the reset input end of the first latch LA1, the inverting input end of the third comparator cmp3 is connected with a third reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the third comparator cmp3 is connected with an output feedback voltage, the output end of the third comparator cmp3 is respectively connected with the first control end of the error conversion circuit 100 and the control end of the conduction control circuit 300, and the output end of the second latch LA2 is connected with the second control end of the error conversion circuit 100;
the error conversion circuit 100 is configured to further increase the self-converted error current based on the original error conversion when the self-first control terminal inputs the high level; when the first control end of the self inputs low level, the original error conversion is recovered; when the second control end of the self-body inputs high level, the self-body is controlled to keep non-negative output; when the second control end of the self-body inputs a low level, the control of keeping the self-body non-negative output is released;
The conduction control circuit 300 is used for further extending the conduction time of the control based on the original conduction control when the control end of the conduction control circuit inputs a high level; when the control terminal inputs low level, the original conduction control is restored.
Specifically, the voltage constraint circuit 400 of the present application includes a first comparator cmp1, a second comparator cmp2, a third comparator cmp3, a first latch LA1 and a second latch LA2, and the working principle thereof is as follows:
The non-inverting input end of the first comparator cmp1 is connected with a first reference voltage Vref1, the inverting input end of the first comparator cmp1 is connected with an output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, the first comparator cmp1 is used for comparing the first reference voltage Vref1 with the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, and when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1, the first comparator cmp1 outputs a high level; otherwise, the first comparator cmp1 outputs a low level. When the first comparator cmp1 outputs a high level, the high level signal F1 is input to the set input terminals S of the first latch LA1 and the second latch LA2, and the first control signal Q1 output from the first latch LA1 and the second control signal Q2 output from the second latch LA2 are turned to a high level.
The inverting input end of the second comparator cmp2 is connected with a second reference voltage Vref2, the non-inverting input end of the second comparator cmp2 is connected with an output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, the second comparator cmp2 is used for comparing the second reference voltage Vref2 with the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, and when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the second reference voltage Vref2, the second comparator cmp2 outputs a high level; otherwise, the second comparator cmp2 outputs a low level. When the second comparator cmp2 outputs a high level, the high level signal F2 is input to the reset input terminal R of the first latch LA1, and the first control signal Q1 output from the first latch LA1 goes to a low level.
The inverting input end of the third comparator cmp3 is connected to a third reference voltage Vref3, the non-inverting input end of the third comparator cmp3 is connected to an output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, the third comparator cmp3 is used for comparing the third reference voltage Vref3 with an output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply, and when the output feedback voltage FBSH of the switching power supply is higher than the third reference voltage Vref3, the third comparator cmp3 outputs a high level; otherwise, the third comparator cmp3 outputs a low level. When the third comparator cmp3 outputs a high level, the high level signal F3 is input to the reset input terminal R of the second latch LA2, and the second control signal Q2 output from the second latch LA2 goes to a low level.
The first controller of the error conversion circuit 100 is connected to the first control signal Q1 output by the first latch LA1, the second controller of the error conversion circuit 100 is connected to the second control signal Q2 output by the second latch LA2, and the error conversion circuit 100 is configured to further increase the self-converted error current based on the original error conversion when the self-first control terminal inputs a high level; when the first control end of the self inputs low level, the original error conversion is recovered; when the second control end of the self-body inputs high level, the self-body is controlled to keep non-negative output; when the second control terminal of the self inputs the low level, the control of keeping the non-negative output of the self is released.
The controller of the conduction control circuit 300 is connected to a first control signal Q1 output by the first latch LA1, and the conduction control circuit 300 is configured to further extend the conduction time of the control based on the original conduction control when the control end of the conduction control circuit inputs a high level; when the control terminal inputs low level, the original conduction control is restored.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a specific signal waveform diagram of a switching power supply error compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
At time T1, when the load current of the switching power supply increases rapidly, the output voltage of the switching power supply decreases gradually, the output feedback voltage FBSH decreases accordingly, and the error current Iint increases. Because of the limitation of the frequency characteristic of the compensation capacitor C, the compensation voltage Vc1 cannot be raised rapidly, and thus the output current of the switching power supply cannot be raised rapidly, resulting in continuous decrease of the output voltage of the switching power supply.
At time T2, the voltage constraint circuit 400 detects that the output feedback voltage FBSH is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1, and makes the first control signal Q1 and the second control signal Q2 become high level. During the high level of the first control signal Q1, the transconductance amplifier GM further increases the error current Iint on the basis of normal amplification and conversion of the error voltage, so that the output current of the switching power supply further increases, and the output voltage of the switching power supply further rises. The on control circuit 300 further extends the on time to further increase the output current of the switching power supply and further increases the output voltage on the basis of normal control of the on time of the power switch during the high level period of the first control signal Q1.
After time T2, since the first control signal Q1 remains at the high level, the error current Iint remains in a further increased state, so that the output voltage remains in a further raised state, and the compensation voltage Vc1 remains in a further raised state.
At time T3, the voltage constraint circuit 400 detects that the output feedback voltage FBSH is higher than the second reference voltage Vref2, and changes the first control signal Q1 to a low level. During the low level period of the first control signal Q1, the transconductance amplifier GM normally amplifies the error voltage to output the error current Iint, and does not further increase the error current Iint, so that the control loop resumes normal negative feedback closed-loop control.
After time T3, if the compensation voltage Vc1 is still significantly lower than its final stable value, the output current of the switching power supply is still lower than the load current, the output voltage will start to drop continuously again, and the control loop performs the same timing control process again between time T4 and time T5 as between time T2 and time T3 according to the value of the output feedback voltage FBSH.
After time T5, if the compensation voltage Vc1 has approached its final stable value, the output current of the switching power supply approaches the load current, and the output voltage will rise normally under negative feedback closed loop control. Meanwhile, as the power frequency ripple wave of the input voltage of the switching power supply can be transmitted to the output voltage, the output feedback voltage FBSH is continuously increased under the upward fluctuation effect of the power frequency ripple wave after being higher than the voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref 0.
At time T6, the voltage constraint circuit 400 detects that the output feedback voltage FBSH is higher than the third reference voltage Vref3, and changes the second control signal Q1 to a low level.
Before the time T6, the output feedback voltage FBSH is higher than the voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0 under the action of the power frequency ripple wave upward fluctuation, and the compensation voltage Vc1 is still lower than the target value thereof, if the transconductance amplifier GM normally outputs the error current Iint with a negative value, the compensation voltage Vc1 will drop, but is lower than the target value thereof. The second control signal Q2 maintains a high level until the time T6, and controls the transconductance amplifier GM to output the non-negative error current Iint so that the compensation voltage Vc1 does not drop, thereby accelerating the process of stabilizing the compensation voltage Vc1 to the target value.
At the time T6 to the time T7, the output feedback voltage FBSH drops under the action of the power frequency ripple wave downward fluctuation, and at the stage that the output feedback voltage is still higher than the stabilized reference voltage Vref0, the compensation voltage Vc1 may still be lower than the target value thereof, the second control signal Q2 maintains a high level before the time T7, and the transconductance amplifier GM is controlled to output the non-negative error current Iint, so that the compensation voltage Vc1 does not drop, and the process of stabilizing to the target value is accelerated.
The rising process of the output feedback voltage FBSH overlaps the upward fluctuation of the power frequency ripple at the time T2 to the time T3, and the falling process of the output feedback voltage FBSH overlaps the downward fluctuation of the power frequency ripple at the time T3 to the time T4, so that the process of rising the output voltage back to be stable is synchronous with the power frequency of the alternating current input by the switching power supply, namely, the frequency is close, the phase delay is small, and the interference on the alternating current input by the switching power supply can be relieved, and the more stable output voltage is obtained.
As an alternative embodiment, the switching power supply error compensation circuit further includes a voltage regulation circuit 500; wherein:
a first input end of the voltage regulating circuit 500 is connected with a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, a second input end of the voltage regulating circuit 500 is connected with an output end of the current integrating circuit 200, and an output end of the voltage regulating circuit 500 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the first comparator cmp 1;
The voltage adjusting circuit 500 is configured to adjust the first reference voltage according to the compensation voltage output by the current integrating circuit 200, so that a difference between the preset stabilized reference voltage and the first reference voltage changes in the same direction along with the compensation voltage.
Further, the switching power supply error compensation circuit of the present application further includes a voltage adjusting circuit 500, which has the following working principle:
The smaller the initial value of the load current stability of the switching power supply, the lower the compensation voltage Vc1, the smaller the output current of the switching power supply, the smaller the amplitude of the power frequency ripple wave of the output voltage of the switching power supply, and the smaller the descending amplitude of the output feedback voltage FBSH under the action of the downward fluctuation of the power frequency ripple wave. At this time, if the load current of the switching power supply increases rapidly, the higher the first reference voltage Vref1 is, the more advantageous the reduction of the falling amplitude of the switching power supply output voltage is. Therefore, the voltage adjusting circuit 500 is utilized to adjust the first reference voltage Vref1 according to the compensation voltage Vc1, so that the difference between the stabilized reference voltage Vref0 and the first reference voltage Vref1 changes along the same direction as the compensation voltage Vc1, i.e. the smaller the compensation voltage Vc1, the smaller the difference between the stabilized reference voltage Vref0 and the first reference voltage Vref1 is, so as to reduce the falling amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply.
As an alternative embodiment, the third input of the voltage regulating circuit 500 is connected to the output of the second latch LA 2;
the voltage adjusting circuit 500 is further configured to adjust the difference between the preset stabilized reference voltage and the first reference voltage by adjusting the first reference voltage when the second control signal output by the second latch LA2 is at a high level; when the second control signal is at a low level, the difference between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage is increased by adjusting the first reference voltage.
Further, during the period when the second control signal Q2 is at the high level, as the compensation voltage Vc1 increases, the amplitude of the power frequency ripple of the output voltage of the switching power supply also increases. The voltage adjusting circuit 500 adjusts the first reference voltage Vref1 such that: when the second control signal Q2 is at a high level, the difference between the stabilized reference voltage Vref0 and the first reference voltage Vref1 is small, so that the amplitude of the drop of the output voltage of the switching power supply is small; when the second control signal Q2 is at a low level, the difference between the stabilized reference voltage Vref0 and the first reference voltage Vref1 is large, so that the first control signal Q1 and the second control signal Q2 are prevented from being triggered by mistake and become at a high level, and normal negative feedback closed-loop control of the control loop is not interfered.
As an alternative embodiment, the second reference voltage is equal to the voltage value of the preset stabilized reference voltage; the average value of the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage is equal to a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage; when the output feedback voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, the error current increases by 1.4 times to 3.2 times the compensation voltage generated by the current integrating circuit.
Specifically, the higher the value of the second reference voltage Vref2, the longer the first control signal Q1 is maintained at a high level, and the larger the magnitude of the compensation voltage Vc1 increases during the period when the first control signal Q1 is maintained at a high level. The value of the second reference voltage Vref2 is too low, which can reduce the rising speed of the compensation voltage Vc1, and too high, which can cause the compensation voltage Vc1 to rise above the target value to be stabilized, and the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 can be set equal to the stabilized reference voltage Vref 0.
The first reference voltage Vref1 constrains a lower limit of the switching power supply output voltage, and the third reference voltage Vref3 constrains an upper limit of the switching power supply output voltage. The average value of the first reference voltage Vref1 and the third reference voltage Vref3 is set to be equal to the voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0, so that the average value of the output voltage of the switching power supply can be maintained near the voltage stabilizing reference voltage Vref0 even in the adjusting process.
During the period when the first control signal Q1 is at the high level, the output voltage of the switching power supply still cannot rise due to the fact that the output current of the switching power supply is excessively low, the output voltage of the switching power supply exceeds the working range of components of the switching power supply due to the fact that the output current of the switching power supply is excessively high, and the output current of the switching power supply can be increased by 2 times to 10 times. Since the increase in the output current of the switching power supply is approximately proportional to the square of the increase in the compensation voltage Vc1, it is preferable that the magnitude of the increase in the error current Iint is set to be between 1.4 and 3.2 times the increase in the compensation voltage.
Based on the above, compared with the traditional switching power supply error compensation circuit and the switching power supply error compensation circuit of the application: 1) A traditional switching power supply error compensation circuit: a switching power supply (PFC (Power Factor Correction, power factor correction) CV (constant voltage) system, an underdamped second order system) has an output voltage drop (undershoot) of about 20% when the transition from light load to heavy load occurs, and the control loop adjusts the compensation voltage across the compensation capacitor by about 20% of the output voltage drop, thereby adjusting the output voltage. 2) The switching power supply error compensation circuit of the present application (analyzed in connection with fig. 4): the time sequence detection is added, the time window of the rise of the output voltage is detected at the time T2 time-T3 time and the time T4 time-T5 time, the transconductance amplifier further increases the error current Iint on the basis of normal amplification and conversion of the error voltage in the time window of the rise of the output voltage, so that the compensation capacitor is charged in equal proportion, the conduction control circuit further prolongs the conduction time on the basis of normal control of the conduction time of the power switch, and the control loop does not need to adjust the compensation voltage at two ends of the compensation capacitor through about 20% of output voltage drop any more, but can adjust the compensation voltage at two ends of the compensation capacitor through about 5% of output voltage drop. Therefore, the time sequence control is added, so that the voltage drop judging condition of the output voltage is improved from 20% to 5% in the dynamic change process, and the capacitance values of the compensation capacitor and the load capacitor can be stabilized near the corresponding steady-state targets respectively when the dynamic change process is finished.
In summary, the error compensation circuit of the switching power supply performs time sequence control on error compensation, when the load current of the switching power supply is rapidly increased, the output feedback voltage is compared with a plurality of reference voltages, so that time sequence information corresponding to the rapid rising process of the output voltage is obtained, the rising amplitude of the output voltage is increased by using the time sequence information, the stabilizing process of a low-bandwidth control loop of the system is accelerated, and the falling amplitude of the output voltage of the switching power supply is reduced. Meanwhile, through setting the association relation between each reference voltage and the voltage stabilizing reference voltage, the process of raising the output voltage back to be stable and the power frequency of the alternating current input by the switching power supply tend to be synchronous, so that the interference on the alternating current input by the switching power supply is relieved, and the more stable output voltage is obtained.
The application also provides a switching power supply, which comprises any one of the switching power supply error compensation circuits.
The description of the switching power supply provided by the present application refers to the embodiment of the error compensation circuit, and the disclosure is not repeated here.
It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. A switching power supply error compensation circuit, comprising:
The error conversion circuit is used for solving an error voltage between the output feedback voltage of the switching power supply and a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and converting the error voltage into an error current;
The current integrating circuit is used for integrating the error current to obtain a compensation voltage;
The conduction control circuit is used for controlling the conduction time of a power switch connected with a primary winding of a transformer in the switching power supply according to the compensation voltage so as to enable the output feedback voltage to be stabilized to a preset stabilized reference voltage; wherein the higher the compensation voltage, the longer the on-time;
and the voltage constraint circuit is used for controlling the error conversion circuit to adjust the converted error current according to the variation amplitude of the output feedback voltage, and controlling the conduction control circuit to adjust the conduction time controlled by the conduction control circuit so as to constrain the variation amplitude within a preset voltage constraint range.
2. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 1 wherein said error conversion circuit comprises:
and the inverting input end is connected with the output feedback voltage, the non-inverting input end is connected with a transconductance amplifier of a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, and the transconductance amplifier is used for solving an error voltage between the output feedback voltage and the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, amplifying the error voltage and converting the error voltage into an error current and outputting the error current.
3. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 1 wherein said current integration circuit comprises:
the first end is respectively connected with the output end of the error conversion circuit and the input end of the conduction control circuit, and the second end is grounded.
4. A switching power supply error compensation circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
When the output feedback voltage is lower than a first reference voltage, the error conversion circuit is controlled to further increase the converted error current on the basis of original error conversion, and the conduction control circuit is controlled to further prolong the controlled conduction time on the basis of original conduction control; the first reference voltage is the lower limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
5. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 4 wherein said voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
When the output feedback voltage is higher than a second reference voltage, controlling the error conversion circuit to recover original error conversion, controlling the error conversion circuit to keep non-negative output, and controlling the conduction control circuit to recover original conduction control; wherein the first reference voltage is less than the second reference voltage is less than the upper limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
6. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 5 wherein said voltage constraint circuit is specifically configured to:
Releasing control of the error conversion circuit to maintain a non-negative output when the output feedback voltage is higher than a third reference voltage, so as to restrict the magnitude of variation of the output feedback voltage between the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage; the third reference voltage is the upper limit of the preset voltage constraint range.
7. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 6 wherein said voltage constraint circuit is further configured to:
after the output feedback voltage is higher than a third reference voltage, before the control of the error conversion circuit to hold the non-negative output is released, an operation of releasing the control of the error conversion circuit to hold the non-negative output is performed while waiting for the output feedback voltage to drop to a second reference voltage.
8. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 6 wherein said voltage constraint circuit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator, a third comparator, a first latch, and a second latch; wherein:
The non-inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with a first reference voltage, the inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the first comparator is respectively connected with the set input end of the first latch and the set input end of the second latch, the inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with a second reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the second comparator is connected with the reset input end of the first latch, the inverting input end of the third comparator is connected with a third reference voltage, the non-inverting input end of the third comparator is connected with the output feedback voltage, the output end of the third comparator is connected with the reset input end of the second latch, the output end of the first latch is respectively connected with the first control end of the error conversion circuit and the control end of the conduction control circuit, and the output end of the second latch is connected with the second control end of the error conversion circuit;
The error conversion circuit is used for further increasing the self-converted error current on the basis of original error conversion when the self first control end inputs a high level; when the first control end of the self inputs low level, the original error conversion is recovered; when the second control end of the self-body inputs high level, the self-body is controlled to keep non-negative output; when the second control end of the self-body inputs a low level, the control of keeping the self-body non-negative output is released;
The conduction control circuit is used for further prolonging the control conduction time on the basis of the original conduction control when the control end of the conduction control circuit inputs a high level; when the control terminal inputs low level, the original conduction control is restored.
9. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 8, wherein said switching power supply error compensation circuit further comprises a voltage regulation circuit; wherein:
The first input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with a preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage, the second input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the output end of the current integrating circuit, and the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first comparator;
The voltage regulating circuit is used for regulating the first reference voltage according to the compensation voltage output by the current integrating circuit so that the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage changes along the same direction with the compensation voltage.
10. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 9 wherein a third input of said voltage regulation circuit is connected to an output of said second latch;
The voltage regulating circuit is further used for regulating the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage to be smaller by regulating the first reference voltage when the second control signal output by the second latch is at a high level; and when the second control signal is at a low level, the difference value between the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage and the first reference voltage is increased by adjusting the first reference voltage.
11. The switching power supply error compensation circuit of claim 6 wherein said second reference voltage is equal to said predetermined regulated reference voltage in voltage value; the average value of the first reference voltage and the third reference voltage is equal to the preset voltage stabilizing reference voltage; when the output feedback voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, the error current increases in amplitude to enable the error current to flow into the current integrating circuit to generate a compensation voltage which correspondingly increases in amplitude between 1.4 times and 3.2 times.
12. A switching power supply comprising a switching power supply error compensation circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.
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Application publication date: 20210702 Assignee: DIODES SHANGHAI CO.,LTD. Assignor: BCD (SHANGHAI) MICRO-ELECTRONICS Ltd. Contract record no.: X2024980016438 Denomination of invention: A Switching Power Supply Error Compensation Circuit and Switching Power Supply Granted publication date: 20240614 License type: Common License Record date: 20240927 |