CN113055158B

CN113055158B - Data processing method and related equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113055158B
Application number: CN201911380143.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐世彪; 程节; 修亮
Original assignee: Quantumctek Co Ltd
Current assignee: Quantumctek Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-27
Also published as: CN113055158A

Abstract

The application discloses a data processing method and related equipment, which can reduce the classic network bandwidth in the QKD process. The method comprises the following steps: the receiving end packs the detection data to obtain a first data packet; the sending end analyzes the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information, measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and a synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronization light region; the receiving end sorts the discrete N pieces of detection position information according to a preset sorting rule to obtain continuous N pieces of detection position information; the sending end reorders the discrete N detection position information according to a preset ordering rule to obtain continuous N detection position information; the sending end packs the comparison result, the continuous N pieces of detection position information and the corresponding synchronous serial number of each synchronous optical area to obtain a second data packet; and the receiving end analyzes the second data packet sent by the sending end to obtain the correct detection position information corresponding to the measurement basis vector.

Description

Data processing method and related equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of information security, and in particular, to a data processing method and related device.

Background

The Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is fundamentally different from the classical Key system in that different Quantum states of photons are used as carriers of the Key, and the basic principle of Quantum mechanics ensures that the process cannot be intercepted and deciphered, thereby providing a more secure Key system.

In the QKD implementation process, classical network interaction basis vector comparison data, error correction data, privacy enhancement data and the like are required, wherein the basis vector comparison data occupies more than 90% of the total network flow, when Bob end detects an optical pulse signal where a single photon is located, the original detection position and basis vector information selected by the Bob end are sent to Alice end, and the Alice end feeds back the correct position and basis vector information after the basis is completed to the Bob end.

In the classical network data interacted by the QKD, the basis vector comparison interaction data occupies more than 90% of the whole bandwidth, and the interaction data amount is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data processing method and related equipment, which are used for reducing the classical network bandwidth required by QKD interaction and improving the environmental adaptability of QKD.

A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a data processing method, including:

the sending end prepares and sends M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 1;

the receiving end detects the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected measurement basis vector to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light interval, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is less than M;

the receiving end sequences the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area according to a preset sequencing rule to obtain continuous N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area, wherein the preset sequencing rule is a sequencing mode negotiated by the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the receiving end packs the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and the synchronous serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical area to obtain a first data packet;

the sending end receives the first data packet sent by the receiving end;

the sending end analyzes the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical region, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and a synchronous serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical region;

the sending end reorders the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area according to the preset ordering rule to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area;

the sending end compares a preparation basis vector corresponding to target detection position information with a measurement basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information to obtain a comparison result, the comparison result indicates whether the measurement basis vector randomly selected by the receiving end is correct or not, and the target detection position information is any detection position information in the continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval;

the sending end packs the comparison result, the continuous N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval and the synchronous serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical interval to obtain a second data packet;

and the receiving end analyzes the second data packet sent by the sending end to obtain the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector.

Optionally, the sending end packages the comparison result, the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, so as to obtain a second data packet;

and the sending end packs the correct measurement basis vector in the comparison result, the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector and the synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronization optical area to obtain the second data packet.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

the receiving end judges whether a target synchronous optical interval of undetected position information exists in each received synchronous optical interval;

if so, when the receiving end packs the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and the synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the target synchronization optical region is not packed.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

and when the receiving end does not detect the position information in the synchronous optical interval within the preset time length, the receiving end sends a preset data packet to the sending end.

Optionally, the step of preparing and transmitting, by the transmitting end, the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through the randomly selected preparation basis vector includes:

the sending end increases the frequency of the synchronous light pulse by a preset value and sends the synchronous light pulse at the frequency of the synchronous light pulse after the preset value is increased;

and the transmitting end prepares and transmits the V signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, wherein V is more than 1 and less than M.

Optionally, the packing, by the receiving end, the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical region to obtain a first data packet includes:

the receiving end packs the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to the single synchronous light interval, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information and the synchronous serial number corresponding to the single synchronous light interval into a single data packet;

the receiving end packs discrete N detection position information corresponding to at least two synchronous light intervals, measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and synchronous serial numbers corresponding to the at least two synchronous light intervals into at least one data packet;

the single data packet or the at least one data packet is the first data packet, and the single sync light interval and the at least two sync light intervals have an association relationship with each sync light interval respectively.

Optionally, the receiving, by the sending end, the first data packet sent by the receiving end includes:

the receiving end compresses the first data packet through a preset compression format and then sends the first data packet to the sending end;

and the sending end decompresses the compressed first data packet to obtain the first data packet.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a network device, including:

the transmitting end is used for preparing and transmitting M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 1;

the receiving end is used for detecting the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected measurement basis vector to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light interval, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is less than M;

the receiving end is further configured to sequence the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronous optical regions according to a preset sequencing rule, so as to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronous optical regions, where the preset sequencing rule is a sequencing mode negotiated by the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the receiving end is further configured to package the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical region, so as to obtain a first data packet;

the sending end is further configured to receive the first data packet sent by the receiving end;

the transmitting end is further configured to analyze the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and a synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical region;

the transmitting end is further configured to perform reordering according to the preset ordering rule and the discrete N detection positions corresponding to each of the synchronous optical regions to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronous optical regions, where the preset ordering rule is an ordering manner negotiated by the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the sending end is further configured to compare a prepared basis vector corresponding to target detection position information with a measurement basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information to obtain a comparison result, where the comparison result indicates whether a measurement basis vector randomly selected by the receiving end is correct, and the target detection position information is any one of the N consecutive detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval;

the transmitting end is further configured to package the comparison result, the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical interval to obtain a second data packet;

and the receiving end is further configured to analyze the second data packet sent by the sending end to obtain the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector.

Optionally, the sending end is specifically configured to;

and packaging the correct measurement basis vector in the comparison result, the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector and the synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronization optical area to obtain the second data packet.

Optionally, the receiving end is further configured to perform the following steps:

judging whether a target synchronous light interval with undetected position information exists in each received synchronous light interval;

if yes, when the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information and the synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical interval are packed, the target synchronous optical interval is not packed.

Optionally, the receiving end is further configured to:

and when the position information in the synchronous optical interval is not detected within the preset time, sending a preset data packet to the sending end.

Optionally, the sending end is specifically configured to:

increasing the frequency of the synchronous light pulse by a preset value, and sending the synchronous light pulse at the frequency of the synchronous light pulse after the preset value is increased;

and preparing and sending the V signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, wherein V is more than 1 and less than M.

Optionally, the receiving end is further specifically configured to:

packing discrete N detection position information corresponding to a single synchronous light interval, measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and a synchronous serial number corresponding to the single synchronous light interval into a single data packet;

packing discrete N detection position information corresponding to at least two synchronous light intervals, measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and synchronous serial numbers corresponding to the at least two synchronous light intervals into at least one data packet;

Optionally, the sending end is further specifically configured to:

compressing the first data packet through a preset compression format and then sending the first data packet to the sending end;

the sending end is further specifically configured to decompress the compressed first data packet to obtain the first data packet.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the data processing method described above.

A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the data processing method described above.

In summary, it can be seen that, in the QKD base pairing process, the receiving end sends the received discrete N detection position information to the transmitting end, and then the receiving end numbers the discrete N positions into continuous positions, so that the total number range is reduced, and the number of bits required to be represented is reduced. The sending end receives the discrete N pieces of detection position information and reorders the detection position information according to the same continuous numbering mode as the receiving end, so that the sending end and the receiving end can ensure that the detection position information is aligned one to one and can reduce the coding data amount of the detection position information. Meanwhile, when the sending end sends the detection data, the original detection position information is not needed to be sent, and only N detection position information after continuous numbering needs to be sent, so that the classical network bandwidth needed by QKD interaction is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments and the prior art will be briefly described below.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of single photon polarization states provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a measurement process of quantum states provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a base-pairing process for QKD provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of Alice-side light emission provided in the present embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting an optical signal at a Bob end according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of Bob end position measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of interaction data of a QKD classical network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The fundamental difference between Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and the classical Key system is that QKD uses different Quantum states of photons as the carriers of the Key, and the basic principle of Quantum mechanics ensures that the QKD process is not eavesdroppable and indecipherable, thereby providing a more secure Key system.

The following describes 4 polarization states of a single photon used in the BB84 protocol, taking the BB84 protocol QKD system based on the spoofing state scheme as an example, with reference to fig. 1.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of single photon polarization states provided in this embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, four polarization states of a single photon include a horizontal polarization state 0 °, a vertical polarization state 90 °, +45 ° polarization state, and a-45 ° polarization state, which respectively represent modulation of a single photon to a corresponding polarization state, and can be implemented by a simple polarizer in an experiment. Wherein 0 °, 90 ° is a set of two mutually orthogonal quantum states, constituting a set of horizontal and vertical bases 0 (which can be understood as HV basis vectors); and 45 deg. is another set of mutually orthogonal quantum states that form a diagonal basis 1 (understood as the PN basis vector).

The measurement process of the quantum state is explained below with reference to fig. 2: referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a quantum state measurement process provided in this embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, a transmitting end transmits an original bit value of the transmitting end through a randomly selected polarization state 201, and a receiving end performs detection through a randomly selected measurement basis 202 to obtain a detection result as shown in fig. 2, since base0 and base1 are non-orthogonal and incompatible, that is, when an oblique diagonal basis is used to measure a 0 ° state, half of the probability is collapsed to two states of ± 45 ° to obtain an uncertain result; only when the 0 ° state is measured with the horizontal perpendicular basis will the original state be obtained with certainty. The same happens in the other three states. Both parties can agree that {0 °, -45 ° } represents bit1, { +90 °, +45 ° } represents bit 0. During sending, an Alice terminal (an appointed sending terminal) randomly selects one state from the corresponding polarization state set according to random data to prepare and send.

Assuming that data at the Alice end is bit1, the data is randomly prepared into one state, for example, a horizontal polarization state, after transmission, the Bob end (appointed receiving end) also randomly selects a group of bases to measure, and if the bases with the same preparation state as the Alice end are selected, for example, horizontal vertical bases, the quantum state is determined to be measured, and 1bit information, namely bit1, is obtained; if the base selected by the Bob end is an oblique diagonal base, half of the probability of collapse is respectively generated on two states according to the measurement collapse principle, and bit1 (corresponding to the-45-degree state) or bit0 (corresponding to the + 45-degree state) is obtained.

As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the base-pairing process of QKD provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the QKD process, in order to generate a secret key, the Alice terminal and the Bob terminal should select a photon state measurement result with the same preparation basis and measurement basis. In practical operation, only a part of photons can reach Bob end due to the attenuation of the photons by the transmission channel and are detected by the detector, Bob end publishes the selected measurement base information (whether base0 or base1) after the photons arrive, packaging the measurement base information, the synchronous serial number and the detection position information and sending the information to an Alice terminal, then, the Alice terminal analyzes the data packet to obtain an analysis result, and feeds the analysis result back to the Bob terminal, the Bob terminal deletes the position information without the detection result (e.g. 301 in fig. 3) and deletes the result that the measurement basis is inconsistent with the preparation basis (e.g. 302 in fig. 3) according to the feedback result, only keeps the result that the measurement basis is consistent with the preparation basis (e.g. 303 in fig. 3), and finally, the Alice terminal and the Bob terminal keep the same bit value (e.g. 304 in fig. 3), this process is called radix-over (squaring) so that eventually approximately 50% of the bits are discarded.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of Alice-side light emission provided in the present embodiment, and as can be seen from fig. 4, in the QKD system based on the decoy-state BB84 protocol, the Alice-side generally adopts a transmission mode of synchronous optical pulse + signal optical pulse to perform quantum-state signal transmission. The synchronous optical pulse is strong light, is ensured not to be lost, plays the roles of QKD clock synchronization and signal light measurement reference of the Alice end and the Bob end, and segments the signal optical pulse (such as signal optical pulse 1 and signal optical pulse 2 … … signal optical pulse 100k in FIG. 4), wherein the signal optical pulse is a single-photon weak optical pulse.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting an optical signal at a Bob terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, an Alice terminal transmits a quantum state signal by using a transmission method of a synchronization optical pulse + a signal optical pulse, after the synchronization optical pulse + the signal optical pulse reaches the Bob terminal, the signal optical pulse reaches a certain measuring device through a channel determined by a randomly selected basis vector, and the measuring device measures a position of the signal optical pulse relative to the synchronization optical pulse after the synchronization optical pulse, so that the Bob terminal can detect original detection position information.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of Bob end position measurement provided in the embodiment of the present application, and it can be understood that, the interval between each two synchronization optical pulses is fixed, and assuming that the frequency of the synchronization optical pulse is 10KHz and the frequency of the signal optical pulse is 1GHz, the time interval between each two synchronization optical pulses is 100us, and there are 100K signal optical pulses between each two synchronization optical pulses. In order to mark one signal light position between two synchronization light pulse signals, the combination of the number of the synchronization light pulse and the number of the signal light pulse is required, and as shown in fig. 6, the position of the signal light pulse X is determined as an example, and if the position of the signal light pulse X is required to be marked, the synchronization light numbers of the synchronization light pulse 1 and the synchronization light pulse 2 need to be known, the synchronization light pulses 1 and the synchronization light pulse 2 need to be determined by which one of the 10K synchronization light pulses is one second, and the signal light number of the signal light pulse X needs to be known, and the signal light pulse X needs to be determined by which one of the synchronization light pulse 1 and the synchronization light pulse 2 is one.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of QKD classical network interaction Data provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, a Bob sends a packet and a frame of detection Data of each synchronization light interval to an Alice, where the packet needs to include a synchronization number, detection position information of each detected signal light pulse, and basis vector information randomly selected by the Bob, the packet is referred to as B _ Data, a packet of each synchronization light interval at the second is referred to as B _ Data _ n, where n represents which of 10K synchronization lights in the second;

and the Alice end analyzes the Data and completes the base operation for each received B _ Data _ n, feeds back a Data packet A _ Data _ n corresponding to the base vector Data of the detected position to the Bob end, the Bob end leaves a part with correct base vector selected by the Bob end, and extracts the key bit corresponding to the same base vector from the two ends to be used as an original quantum key for subsequent processing.

The Data packet formats of a _ Data _ n and B _ Data _ n generally include a packet header, a packet length, a synchronization sequence number, probe Data 1 to probe Data x, and packet Data verification, where the packet header is Xbits; the packet length represents the total length from the synchronous serial number to the packet data verification, and is Ybits; the synchronization sequence number represents the sequence number of 10000 synchronization light pulses and is Zbits; the detection data 1 is vector selection information + other encoding information + detection position information, the detection position information indicates which detection position information in 100K of the synchronous optical interval the detection data is, and is Nbits; the detection data x is similar to the detection data 1 (x represents the number of signal light pulses detected in the synchronous light interval, the value range is 0-100K, and the actual value is generally below 60); the packet data check is a check value of the whole data packet and is Sbits.

In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a data processing method, which is used to reduce the classical network bandwidth required by QKD interaction and improve the environmental adaptability of QKD.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

801. and the transmitting end prepares and transmits the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through the randomly selected preparation basis vectors.

In this embodiment, the transmitting end prepares and transmits M signal optical pulses corresponding to each synchronous optical interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, where M is a positive integer greater than 1 (assuming that the frequency of the synchronous optical pulses is 10KHz and the frequency of the signal optical pulses is 1GHz, 100k signal optical pulses exist in each synchronous optical interval, and correspond to 100k detection position information). That is, the transmitting end may randomly select a preparation basis vector to prepare and transmit the signal optical pulses in 1 or more synchronous optical intervals, such as an HV basis vector or a PN basis vector.

It should be noted that each synchronization optical interval corresponds to M signal optical pulses, and each signal optical pulse corresponds to one prepared basis vector.

In one embodiment, the preparing and transmitting, by the transmitting end, the M signal optical pulses corresponding to each synchronization optical interval through the randomly selected preparation basis vector includes:

and the transmitting end prepares and transmits V signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, wherein V is more than 1 and less than M.

That is, when the transmitting end transmits the signal optical pulse in the synchronization optical interval, the synchronization optical pulse frequency may be increased, so that since the signal optical pulse frequency is unchanged, the synchronization optical pulse frequency is increased, the signal optical pulse in each synchronization optical interval may be correspondingly decreased, and the data amount of the coded bit corresponding to the signal optical pulse position may be decreased. The bandwidth usage is reduced when the sending end and the receiving end perform data interaction.

802. And the receiving end detects the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval through the randomly selected measurement basis vector to obtain the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light interval.

In this embodiment, when the transmitting end transmits the signal light pulse through the transmission channel, only a part of the signal light pulse can reach the receiving end and be detected by the randomly selected measurement basis vector of the receiving end due to the attenuation of the signal light pulse by the transmission channel, so that the receiving end detects M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronization light interval through the randomly selected measurement basis vector to obtain N discrete detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light interval, that is, the original position numbers (or serial numbers) corresponding to the N discrete signal light pulses in each synchronization light interval, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is less than M. N may be the same or different for each synchronization light interval.

It should be noted that the sending end is the Alice end, and the receiving end is the Bob end.

803. And the receiving end sequences the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light region according to a preset sequencing rule to obtain the continuous N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light region.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light region, the receiving end may perform sorting according to a preset sorting rule to obtain the continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light region, where the preset sorting rule is a sorting manner negotiated by the sending end and the receiving end, for example, N is 5, and the preset sorting rule may be a continuous number of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 (this is merely an example, and certainly there may also be other sorting manners, such as A, B, C, D, E, and the like, and specific limitations are not made), so that the discrete N detection position information sorted according to the preset rule by the sending end and the receiving end may be in one-to-one correspondence.

It should be noted that, here, the execution sequence of step 803 is not specifically limited, and may be executed simultaneously with step 804, after step 804, or simultaneously with step 805, as long as the execution sequence is executed after obtaining the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light region, and the execution sequence is not specifically limited.

804. And the receiving end packs the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information and the synchronous serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical interval to obtain a first data packet.

In this embodiment, assuming that the frequency of the synchronous optical pulse is 10KHz and the frequency of the signal optical pulse is 1GHz, after the receiving end detects the discrete N detection position information, the receiving end may reorder the discrete N detection position information to obtain a correspondence between an original position number of the N detection position information (corresponding to the N signal optical pulses) and a continuous number of the discrete N detection position information obtained after reordering; and then, packing the discrete N pieces of detection position information, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information and the synchronization sequence numbers corresponding to the corresponding synchronous optical intervals to obtain a first data packet. Wherein, the Data packet of each synchronization optical interval is called as B _ Data _ N, where N represents the synchronization sequence number of each synchronization optical interval, the Data packet format of B _ Data _ N includes a packet header, a packet length, a synchronization sequence number, probe Data 1 to probe Data N and packet Data verification, where the packet length represents the total length of the synchronization sequence number to the packet Data verification, the synchronization sequence number represents the synchronization sequence number of each synchronization optical interval (one synchronization optical interval is composed of two adjacent synchronization optical pulses, P is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1), the probe Data 1 is the 1 st probe position information in the discrete N probe position information, the basis vector selection information (i.e. the measurement basis vector) corresponding to the 1 st probe position information, and other encoding information, the probe position information represents which probe position in 100K of the synchronization optical interval the probe Data, the probe data N is similar to the probe data 1; the packet data is verified to be the verification value of the whole data packet.

In one embodiment, a receiving end packs discrete N detection position information corresponding to a single synchronous light interval, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and a synchronization sequence number corresponding to the single synchronous light interval into a single data packet;

the receiving end packs the discrete N detection position information corresponding to the at least two synchronous light regions, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and the synchronous serial numbers corresponding to the at least two synchronous light regions into at least one data packet; the single data packet and the at least one data packet are first data packets, and the single synchronous optical interval and the at least two synchronous optical intervals respectively have an association relation with each synchronous optical interval.

That is, here, when the receiving end is packing the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light interval, the receiving end may pack the detection data of each synchronization light interval into a single data packet (that is, how many synchronization light intervals are packed, that is, how many data packets are packed), and of course, may also pack the detection data of at least two synchronization light intervals into a single data packet (that is, each data packet includes the detection data of at least two synchronization light intervals) (here, each synchronization light interval of at least two synchronization light intervals corresponds to the discrete N detection position information), so that the receiving end may pack the detected detection position information into at least one data packet, and it is ensured that the detection data of at least two synchronization light intervals share the "packet header" when packing the detection data of at least two synchronization light intervals, The information such as the length of the packet, the packet data check and the like reduces the data occupation amount of the information in the data packet.

It should be noted that, in order to control the total length of new packet data after uniform packing, and prevent the data packet from being too long and affecting the processing efficiency of the receiving end compression and the sending end decompression, the number of the synchronous optical intervals included in the data packet may be set according to the actual situation, which not only reduces the data occupation of the information such as "packet header", "packet length", "packet data check", etc., but also does not affect the processing efficiency of the receiving end compressing the data packet and the sending end decompressing the data packet, for example, the detection data of each 10 synchronous optical intervals may be packed into 1 data packet, and of course, other values may also be selected, and are not limited specifically.

In one embodiment, the receiving end determines whether a target synchronous optical interval in which no signal optical pulse is detected exists in each received synchronous optical interval;

if yes, when the receiving end packs the discrete N pieces of detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N pieces of detection position information, and the synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical interval, the target synchronous optical interval is not packed.

That is, when the receiving end detects the signal light pulse of each synchronization light interval, it finds the synchronization light interval without detection data, and when the data packet is packed and transmitted, the synchronization light interval without detection data is not transmitted any more, so that the data is saved. In addition, if the synchronization sequence number in the data packet received by the sending end has a jump, the empty data packet is automatically filled to make the synchronization sequence number continuous. In this way, the purpose of reducing data transmission and reducing bandwidth occupation can be achieved.

It should be noted that the "synchronous sequence number" code may also be simplified, the amount of coded bit information is compressed, and the coded bit information is spliced with subsequent data blocks, so as to reduce redundant bits.

In addition, when the receiving end does not detect the signal light pulse in the synchronous light interval within the preset time length, the receiving end sends the preset data packet to the sending end. That is to say, in order to prevent a long-time empty packet, a timer is set, a preset data packet is sent at regular time, and the processing efficiency of receiving end compression and sending end decompression is prevented from being influenced because no new data reaches a sending end for a long time.

805. The sending end receives a first data packet sent by the receiving end.

In this embodiment, after the receiving end packages N detection data corresponding to each synchronization optical interval to obtain a first data packet, the receiving end compresses the first data packet according to a preset compression format (for example, compression formats such as RAR and ZIP), and then sends the first data packet to the sending end; and the sending end decompresses the compressed first data packet to obtain the first data packet. That is to say, when the sending end and the receiving end perform network data interaction, a classical data compression algorithm can be adopted to compress the network data interacted between the sending end and the receiving end, and the receiving end and the sending end perform decompression recovery after receiving the compressed packet, so that the bandwidth occupied when sending the compressed data packet is smaller than the bandwidth occupied when sending the uncompressed data packet.

806. The sending end analyzes the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information and a synchronization serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical interval.

807. And the sending end reorders the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical region according to a preset ordering rule to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical region.

In this embodiment, after receiving the first data packet, if the first data packet is a compressed data packet, the sending end decompresses and analyzes the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and a synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, and then reorders the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval according to a preset ordering rule to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval.

It should be noted that, because the light emitting coding sequence of the transmitting end is fixed, and the transmitting end and the receiving end are both known to the light emitting coding sequence, the receiving end only needs to send the discrete N detection position information (i.e. the original position numbers of the corresponding N signal light pulses) to the transmitting end, after receiving the discrete N detection position information, the transmitting end can reorder the discrete N detection position information according to the preset ordering rule to obtain the continuous N detection position information, and because the receiving end can also order the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization light region according to the preset ordering rule, the transmitting end and the receiving end can ensure that the detection position information of each synchronization light region is aligned one-to-one.

808. And the sending end compares the preparation basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information with the measurement basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information to obtain a comparison result.

In this embodiment, the sending end compares the preparation basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information with the measurement basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information to obtain a comparison result, where the comparison result indicates whether the measurement basis vector randomly selected by the receiving end is correct, and the target detection position information is any one of the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronization optical zones. That is to say, after receiving the measurement basis vector information sent by the receiving end, the sending end compares the selected preparation basis vector with the measurement basis vector to obtain a comparison result.

809. And the sending end packs the comparison result, the continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical area and the synchronous serial number corresponding to each synchronous optical area to obtain a second data packet.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the comparison result, the sending end may pack the comparison result, the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronization optical intervals, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each of the synchronization optical intervals, to obtain the second data packet. It can be understood that, during the packing, the correct measurement basis vector in the comparison result, the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to the corresponding synchronization optical region may be packed to obtain the second data packet. That is, when the second data packet is packed, only the correct measurement basis vector and the probe position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector may be packed, so that the data amount in the second data packet is smaller than that when all the measurement basis vector information and the consecutive N probe position information are packed, and the bandwidth occupied when the second data packet is sent is also smaller, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the bandwidth usage. Therefore, the original detection position information needs to be represented in any number of ranges from 0K to 100K, and each position needs at least 17 bits; after the receiving end and the sending end are reordered, the continuous number represents that the range is changed into one percent of the original range, for example, 0-1000, only 10bits of coding at most is needed. Each position information fed back to the receiving end by the transmitting end can be reduced by 7 bits.

810. And the receiving end analyzes the second data packet sent by the sending end to obtain the correct detection position information corresponding to the measurement basis vector.

In this embodiment, after the sending end obtains the second data packet by packaging, the sending end may compress the second data packet by using a preset compression format, and send the second data packet to the receiving end, and after the receiving end receives the compressed packet, the receiving end may decompress the compressed packet to obtain the second data packet, and analyze the second data packet to obtain a correct measurement basis vector and correct detection position information corresponding to the measurement basis vector. And the receiving end keeps the correct detection position information corresponding to the measurement basis vector. Therefore, the sending end and the receiving end extract the key bit corresponding to the same basis vector as the original quantum key for subsequent processing.

In summary, it can be seen that, in the QKD base pairing process, the receiving end sends the received discrete N detection position information to the transmitting end, and then the receiving end numbers the discrete N positions into continuous positions, so that the total number range is reduced, and the number of bits required to be represented is reduced. The sending end receives the discrete N pieces of detection position information and reorders the detection position information according to the same continuous numbering mode as the receiving end, so that the sending end and the receiving end can ensure that the detection position information is aligned one to one and can reduce the coding data amount of the detection position information. Meanwhile, when the sending end sends the detection data, the original detection position information is not needed to be sent, and only N detection position information after continuous numbering needs to be sent, so that the classical network bandwidth needed by QKD interaction is reduced. In addition, the detection data of several synchronous light intervals can be packed into a data packet, and the detection data of the synchronous light interval in which no data is detected is not packed, so that the classical network bandwidth required by QKD interaction can be reduced when the data packet is sent. In addition, the data packet can be compressed, and when the compressed data packet is sent, the classical network bandwidth required by QKD interaction can be reduced.

The data processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application is explained above, and the network device provided in the embodiment of the present application is explained below.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

a transmitting end 901, configured to prepare and transmit M signal optical pulses corresponding to each synchronous optical interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, where M is a positive integer greater than 1;

a receiving end 902, configured to detect, through a randomly selected measurement basis vector, M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous light interval, to obtain N discrete detection position information corresponding to each synchronous light interval, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is less than M;

the receiving end 902 is further configured to sequence the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronization optical regions according to a preset sequencing rule, so as to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each of the synchronization optical regions, where the preset sequencing rule is a sequencing manner negotiated by the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the receiving end 902 is further configured to pack the discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical region, so as to obtain a first data packet;

the sending end 901 is further configured to receive the first data packet sent by the receiving end;

the transmitting end 901 is further configured to analyze the first data packet to obtain discrete N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical zone, a measurement basis vector corresponding to the discrete N detection position information, and a synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical zone;

the transmitting end 901 is further configured to perform reordering according to the preset ordering rule and the discrete N detection positions corresponding to each synchronization optical region to obtain continuous N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, where the preset ordering rule is an ordering manner negotiated by the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the sending end 901 is further configured to compare a prepared basis vector corresponding to target detection position information with a measurement basis vector corresponding to the target detection position information to obtain a comparison result, where the comparison result indicates whether a measurement basis vector randomly selected by the receiving end is correct, and the target detection position information is any one of the N consecutive detection position information corresponding to each synchronous optical interval;

the transmitting end 901 is further configured to package the comparison result, the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, so as to obtain a second data packet;

the receiving end 902 is further configured to analyze the second data packet sent by the sending end to obtain the detection position information corresponding to the correct measurement basis vector.

Optionally, the sending end 901 is specifically configured to;

Optionally, the receiving end 902 is further configured to perform the following steps:

Optionally, the receiving end 902 is further configured to:

Optionally, the sending end 901 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the receiving end 902 is further specifically configured to:

Optionally, the sending end 901 is further specifically configured to:

The interaction manner between the sending end and the receiving end of the network device provided in the embodiment of the present application is similar to the interaction manner between the sending end and the receiving end in the data processing method described in fig. 8, and details are not repeated here.

As shown in fig. 10, for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present application are shown, and details of the specific technology are not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiments of the present application. The terminal may be any network device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), a vehicle-mounted computer, etc., taking the terminal as the mobile phone as an example:

fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a partial structure of a mobile phone related to a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 10, the cellular phone includes: radio Frequency (RF) circuit 1010, memory 1020, input unit 1030, display unit 1040, sensor 1050, audio circuit 1060, wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 1070, processor 1080, and power source 1090. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the handset configuration shown in fig. 10 is not intended to be limiting and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.

The following describes each component of the mobile phone in detail with reference to fig. 10:

RF circuit 1010 may be used for receiving and transmitting signals during information transmission and reception or during a call, and in particular, for processing downlink information of a base station after receiving the downlink information to processor 1080; in addition, the data for designing uplink is transmitted to the base station. In general, RF circuit 1010 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one Amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like. In addition, the RF circuitry 1010 may also communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communications. The wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), and the like.

The memory 1020 can be used for storing software programs and modules, and the processor 1080 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 1020. The memory 1020 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. Further, the memory 1020 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The input unit 1030 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the cellular phone. Specifically, the input unit 1030 may include a touch panel 1031 and other input devices 1032. The touch panel 1031, also referred to as a touch screen, may collect touch operations by a user (e.g., operations by a user on or near the touch panel 1031 using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger, a stylus, etc.) and drive corresponding connection devices according to a preset program. Alternatively, the touch panel 1031 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller. The touch detection device detects the touch direction of a user, detects a signal brought by touch operation and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch sensing device, converts the touch information into touch point coordinates, sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 1080, and can receive and execute commands sent by the processor 1080. In addition, the touch panel 1031 may be implemented by various types such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. The input unit 1030 may include other input devices 1032 in addition to the touch panel 1031. In particular, other input devices 1032 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a track ball, a mouse, a joystick, or the like.

The display unit 1040 may be used to display information input by a user or information provided to the user and various menus of the cellular phone. The Display unit 1040 may include a Display panel 1041, and optionally, the Display panel 1041 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or the like. Further, the touch panel 1031 can cover the display panel 1041, and when the touch panel 1031 detects a touch operation on or near the touch panel 1031, the touch operation is transmitted to the processor 1080 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 1080 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 1041 according to the type of the touch event. Although in fig. 10, the touch panel 1031 and the display panel 1041 are two separate components to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the touch panel 1031 and the display panel 1041 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone.

The handset may also include at least one sensor 1050, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display panel 1041 according to the brightness of ambient light, and the proximity sensor may turn off the display panel 1041 and/or the backlight when the mobile phone moves to the ear. As one of the motion sensors, the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally, three axes), can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used for applications of recognizing the posture of a mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer and tapping), and the like; as for other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor, which can be configured on the mobile phone, further description is omitted here.

Audio circuitry 1060, speaker 1061, microphone 1062 may provide an audio interface between the user and the handset. The audio circuit 1060 can transmit the electrical signal converted from the received audio data to the speaker 1061, and the electrical signal is converted into a sound signal by the speaker 1061 and output; on the other hand, the microphone 1062 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal, which is received by the audio circuit 1060 and converted into audio data, which is then processed by the audio data output processor 1080 and then sent to, for example, another cellular phone via the RF circuit 1010, or output to the memory 1020 for further processing.

WiFi belongs to short-distance wireless transmission technology, and the mobile phone can help the user to send and receive e-mail, browse web pages, access streaming media, etc. through the WiFi module 1070, which provides wireless broadband internet access for the user. Although fig. 10 shows the WiFi module 1070, it is understood that it does not belong to the essential constitution of the handset, and may be omitted entirely as needed within the scope not changing the essence of the invention.

The processor 1080 is a control center of the mobile phone, connects various parts of the whole mobile phone by using various interfaces and lines, and executes various functions of the mobile phone and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 1020 and calling data stored in the memory 1020, thereby integrally monitoring the mobile phone. Optionally, processor 1080 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 1080 may integrate an application processor, which handles primarily the operating system, user interfaces, applications, etc., and a modem processor, which handles primarily the wireless communications. It is to be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into processor 1080.

The handset also includes a power source 1090 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which may preferably be logically coupled to the processor 1080 via a power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption via the power management system.

Although not shown, the mobile phone may further include a camera, a bluetooth module, etc., which are not described herein.

In this embodiment, the processor 1080 included in the terminal may implement the functions of the receiving end or the transmitting end in fig. 8.

The embodiment of the application also provides a storage medium, on which a program is stored, and the program realizes the steps of the data processing method when being executed by a processor.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions, when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the data processing method.

The present application also provides a computer program product which, when executed on a data processing device, enables the steps of the data processing method described above to be carried out when the computer program product is executed.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a local client, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A data processing method, comprising:

the sending end receives the first data packet sent by the receiving end;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting end packetizes the comparison result, the consecutive N detection position information corresponding to each synchronization optical interval, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical interval to obtain a second data packet;

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmitting end prepares and transmits the M signal light pulses corresponding to each synchronous optical interval through a randomly selected preparation basis vector, including:

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving end packetizes the discrete N sounding location information corresponding to each synchronization optical region, the measurement basis vectors corresponding to the discrete N sounding location information, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to each synchronization optical region to obtain a first data packet, and includes:

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the receiving, by the sending end, the first data packet sent by the receiving end comprises:

8. A network device, comprising:

9. The network device of claim 8, wherein the sender is specifically configured to;

10. The network device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the receiving end is further configured to perform the following steps:

11. The network device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the receiving end is further configured to:

12. The network device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the sender is specifically configured to:

13. The network device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the receiving end is further specifically configured to:

14. The network device according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the sending end is further specifically configured to:

15. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the data processing method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

16. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the data processing method of any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7.