Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a short-interval shield construction head-falling processing method, and aims to solve the problem that the shield machine is easy to fall off due to weak geology and weak foundation bearing capacity of the shield machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a short-interval shield construction head-planting processing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) judging the head cutting degree of the shield machine in the tunneling process by checking the state of the shield machine;
2) when the phenomenon of head-planting of the shield tunneling machine is found, controlling the oil pressure of oil cylinders around a propelling system of the shield tunneling machine to control the pitching action of the shield tunneling machine on a vertical surface;
3) adjusting the advancing speed of the shield machine, improving muck by using an auxiliary system of the shield machine, and reinforcing a soil body in a heading area;
4) grouting operation is carried out while a shield tail gap is formed, so that slurry can fill the shield tail gap in time, and the over-limit duct piece is correspondingly adjusted and lifted in a grouting mode;
5) set up strutting arrangement below shield structure machine advancing direction, strutting arrangement can provide effective support to both ends soil layer about the cross bracing passageway, and the ground is to the support dynamics of shield structure machine.
Further, the step 5) of setting the supporting device is as follows: at least a pair of working vertical shafts are correspondingly dug at the left end and the right end of the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine, transverse supporting channels of the two corresponding working vertical shafts are drilled through, and supporting devices are arranged on the transverse supporting channels.
Further, strutting arrangement includes backup pad and bottom suspension fagging, go up and be connected with adjustable bearing structure between backup pad and the bottom suspension fagging, adjustable bearing structure can lift the backup pad relatively to fixed relative distance between backup pad and the bottom suspension fagging of going up adjusts the interval between backup pad and the bottom suspension fagging through adjustable bearing structure, lets go up backup pad and bottom suspension fagging and support the both ends soil layer respectively about the cross bracing passageway and support.
Further, the oil cylinder of the propulsion system of the shield tunneling machine in the step 2) is divided into an upper partition, a lower partition, a left partition and a right partition, and the oil pressure of the upper oil cylinder and the oil pressure of the lower oil cylinder are adjusted to control the pitching motion of the shield tunneling machine on the vertical surface.
Further, the method for judging the head-cutting degree in the step 1) comprises the following steps: and judging the head-cutting degree in the shield tunneling construction process by measuring the deviation degree between the axis of the shield tunneling machine and the designed axis of the tunnel.
Furthermore, adjustable bearing structure is hydraulic telescoping device, and both ends are connected with last backup pad and bottom suspension board respectively about hydraulic telescoping device, hydraulic telescoping device contains two at least.
Further, adjustable bearing structure includes the bracing piece, the bracing piece both ends are articulated with last backup pad and bottom suspension fagging respectively, and when the bracing piece was perpendicular with last backup pad cross surface, backup pad and bottom suspension fagging were gone up to adjustable bearing structure relatively fixed.
Further, the advancing speed of the shield machine is adjusted to be controlled below 30 mm/min.
Advantageous effects
1. In the technology, when the head is planted, the supporting device is arranged below the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine, the supporting device can effectively improve the bearing capacity of a soil layer, the problem that the head planting is seriously unable to be regulated and controlled due to weak bearing capacity of a soft soil stratum or a weak stratum is solved, meanwhile, the supporting device is provided with an adjustable supporting structure capable of adjusting the distance between an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate, after the supporting device penetrates into a transverse supporting channel, the supporting device is lifted, the gap between the supporting device and the upper and lower soil layers can be reduced, and therefore the supporting capacity on the soil layer is improved.
2. According to the technology, the oil cylinders around the shield tunneling machine propelling system are divided into four areas, and the oil pressure of each part is adjusted according to geological conditions and the like, so that the tunneling pressure is changed, and the shield tunneling machine keeps the head-up trend; the invention can adapt to various complex geological conditions and environmental conditions, and particularly obviously improves the bad posture of the shield tunneling machine in the shield tunneling process of soft soil strata or soft and weak strata.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout is to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which both A and B are satisfied. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for processing head-falling in short-range shield construction is provided, which particularly avoids the bad posture of a shield machine caused by the forward gravity center of a main machine in shield construction of a short-range station, and particularly avoids the head-falling of the shield machine caused by the weak geological conditions in a weak stratum.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) judging the head cutting degree of the shield machine in the tunneling process by checking the state of the shield machine; in order to control the tunnel line within the construction tolerance, when the shield is propelled, the propulsion management measurement is carried out according to the measurement in the tunnel. The push management measurement is performed by using appropriate measurement equipment according to an actually specified measurement method, which is a conventional measurement means in the field and is not described herein again. During propulsion, in order to grasp the deviation between the segments assembled by the shield and a planned line as early as possible, the propulsion direction of the shield is corrected immediately, and propulsion management measurement is carried out twice every day; for the assembled duct piece, the relative position of the shield is determined, or the longitudinal deviation, the transverse deviation and the rotation deviation of the shield are measured to be equivalent, so that the position and the state of the shield are mastered, and the generation of bad postures of the shield machine caused by overlarge head falling is prevented.
The relative position of the duct piece and the shield is measured, and the approximate situation can be determined by measuring the stroke difference of the left jack, the right jack, the upper jack and the lower jack and the gap of the shield tail. The lateral deviation, longitudinal deviation and rotational deviation of the shield can be measured by setting a bob, an inclinometer, a gyrocompass on the shield, or using a theodolite or the like. The measurement results can also be obtained in real time by using an automatic measurement system. The attitude of the shield machine can be more accurately judged by various measuring methods.
2) When the phenomenon of head-planting of the shield tunneling machine is found, controlling the oil pressure of oil cylinders around a propelling system of the shield tunneling machine to control the pitching action of the shield tunneling machine on a vertical surface; by dividing the oil cylinder of the shield machine propulsion system and setting different oil pressures, the propulsion system is adjusted in time,
referring to fig. 4, the specific oil cylinder of the shield tunneling machine propulsion system is divided into a first oil cylinder 41, a second oil cylinder 42, a third oil cylinder 43 and a fourth oil cylinder 44, wherein the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 42 are relatively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shield tunneling machine head 4, and the third oil cylinder 43 and the fourth oil cylinder 44 are relatively arranged at the left end and the right end of the shield tunneling machine head 4; the pitching action of the shield machine on the vertical plane is controlled by adjusting the oil pressure of the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 42, and the deflecting action of the shield machine on the horizontal plane is controlled by adjusting the oil pressure of the third oil cylinder 43 and the fourth oil cylinder 44. The tunneling pressure of jacks in each area of the tunnel face of the shield tunneling machine can be changed by controlling the pressure of the oil cylinder in each area, when the shield tunneling machine needs to be kept to have a certain head-up trend in the tunneling process, the pressure of the first oil cylinder 41 is reduced, so that the tunneling pressure of the jack in the lower half part of the shield tunneling machine is increased, the pressure of the second oil cylinder 42 is increased, so that the tunneling pressure of the jack in the upper half part of the shield tunneling machine is reduced, the head-up trend of the shield tunneling machine is kept, and the head-up trend of the shield tunneling machine.
3) And adjusting the advancing speed of the shield machine, controlling the advancing speed of the shield machine to be below 30mm/min, observing the posture of the shield machine, and if the posture is not ideal, properly reducing the tunneling speed. And (4) improving the muck by using an auxiliary system of the shield tunneling machine and reinforcing the soil body in the heading area. The method improves the bad posture of the shield in the tunneling process to a certain extent, reduces the settlement of the shield head, reduces the construction error of the tunnel shield in the construction process, and ensures the safety and the accuracy of construction.
4) Grouting operation is carried out while a shield tail gap is formed, so that slurry can fill the shield tail gap in time, and the over-limit duct piece is correspondingly adjusted and lifted in a grouting mode; and after the shield tail completely enters the hole, adjusting the hole opening for sealing, grouting for reinforcement, and correspondingly adjusting and lifting the out-of-limit duct piece in a grouting manner until the position is allowed by design. Grouting is carried out simultaneously or immediately after the shield is propelled by adopting a grouting material and a grouting method which are completely suitable for the surrounding rock conditions, and gaps behind the lining are completely filled, so that the surrounding rock is prevented from loosening and sinking, and the integrity and the shock resistance of the structure are improved.
5) After the actions are taken, the shield machine still has the phenomenon of head falling and can be stopped, and then the supporting device 3 is arranged below the advancing direction of the shield machine, so that the supporting force of the ground to the shield machine is enhanced, and the head falling of the shield machine is prevented. Please refer to fig. 2-3; the supporting device 3 is arranged in the following mode: at least, the left end and the right end of the advancing direction of the shield tunneling machine are correspondingly dug to form a pair of working shafts 1, and the transverse supporting channels 2 of the two corresponding working shafts 1 are opened, in the embodiment, three pairs of working shafts 1 are arranged, so that the working shafts and the transverse supporting channels 2 can be arranged in a plurality according to actual conditions, such as the soft degree of a soil layer and the interval length with poor foundation bearing capacity. The horizontal support passageway 2 excavates according to the tunnel mode of digging secret horizontal passage and gets through under the shield constructs quick-witted gos forward, horizontal support passageway 2, sets up strutting arrangement 3 at horizontal support passageway 2, and strutting arrangement 3 can provide effective support to horizontal support passageway 2 upper and lower both ends soil layer.
Referring to fig. 5-7, the supporting device 3 includes an upper supporting plate 31 and a lower supporting plate 32, an adjustable supporting structure is connected between the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32, and the adjustable supporting structure can relatively lift the upper supporting plate 31 and relatively fix and adjust the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32 to keep them at a stable distance.
Referring to fig. 7, the adjustable supporting structure is a hydraulic telescopic device 33, the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic telescopic device 33 are respectively connected to the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32, and the number of the hydraulic telescopic device 33 is at least two. The distance between the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32 can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic expansion device 33. When using, adjust earlier through adjusting hydraulic stretching device 33 and make the interval of going up backup pad 31 and bottom suspension fagging 32 reduce, put into violently support passageway 2 back with strutting arrangement 3 smoothly, rise through adjusting hydraulic stretching device 33 and go up backup pad 31 for go up backup pad 31 and bottom suspension fagging 32 and provide powerful support to the upper and lower both ends soil layer of violently supporting passageway 2. The two hydraulic telescopic devices 33 can be adjusted synchronously in a linkage mode or can be adjusted separately.
Referring to fig. 5-6, in another embodiment, the adjustable supporting structure includes a supporting rod 34, two ends of the supporting rod 31 are hinged to the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32 respectively, and when the supporting rod 34 is perpendicular to the lateral surface of the upper supporting plate 31, the adjustable supporting structure can relatively fix the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32. When the support rods 34 are perpendicular to the lateral surface of the upper support plate 31, the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32 can provide strong support for soil layers at the upper and lower ends of the lateral support channel 2.
It can be understood that the time for arranging the supporting device below the advancing direction of the shield machine can be selected according to the degree of the head planting of the shield machine, if the head planting is found to be serious, the time for arranging the supporting device in the step 5) can be advanced, and the shield machine continues to advance by adjusting the oil cylinder of the recommendation system of the shield machine after the supporting device is arranged.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.