CN113043082B - End face grinding device and method for numerical control milling cutter - Google Patents
End face grinding device and method for numerical control milling cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113043082B CN113043082B CN202110314359.6A CN202110314359A CN113043082B CN 113043082 B CN113043082 B CN 113043082B CN 202110314359 A CN202110314359 A CN 202110314359A CN 113043082 B CN113043082 B CN 113043082B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/02—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of milling cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
本发明揭示了一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置,包括基台,设于基台上的第一移动机构、第二移动机构和数控系统,设于第一移动机构上的磨刀组件和测量感应组件,以及设于第二移动机构上的工件装夹组件;磨刀组件在第一移动机构的作用下沿y轴方向移动,用于修磨刀具;工件装夹组件在第二移动机构的作用下沿x轴方向移动,用于夹持刀具;测量感应组件包括用于测量待磨铣刀长度的感应器以及用于定位待磨铣刀角度的侧头角向定位头;数控系统连接第一移动机构,磨刀组件,第二移动机构,工件装夹组件以及测量感应组件,用以协调上述各部件之间的联动运作。本发明实现了对铣刀(包括二刃立铣刀,三刃立铣刀,四刃立铣刀)的高精度数控修磨。
The invention discloses a CNC milling cutter end face grinding device, comprising a base, a first moving mechanism, a second moving mechanism and a numerical control system arranged on the base, a sharpening assembly and a measuring device arranged on the first moving mechanism The induction assembly, and the workpiece clamping assembly arranged on the second moving mechanism; the sharpening assembly moves along the y-axis direction under the action of the first moving mechanism, and is used for grinding the tool; the workpiece clamping assembly is located in the second moving mechanism. It moves along the x-axis direction under the action to clamp the tool; the measuring induction component includes a sensor for measuring the length of the milling cutter to be ground and a side head angular positioning head for locating the angle of the milling cutter to be ground; the numerical control system is connected to the first A moving mechanism, a sharpening assembly, a second moving mechanism, a workpiece clamping assembly and a measuring and sensing assembly are used to coordinate the linkage operation among the above components. The invention realizes high-precision numerical control grinding of milling cutters (including two-blade end mills, three-blade end mills, and four-blade end mills).
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于四轴精密数控铣刀端面修磨技术领域,具体涉及一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置及修磨方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of four-axis precision numerical control milling cutter end face grinding, and particularly relates to a numerical control milling cutter end face grinding device and a grinding method.
背景技术Background technique
现代制造技术的发展,对高精度的刀具的品种和需求越来越大,对刀具产品的性能要求越来越严格,为了代替手工修磨的低效率以及获得更高精度的刀具,国内厂家生产出了多轴磨床,但现有技术中的多轴磨床一般产品档次较低,精度稳定性差,达不到客户对高精度刀具的使用要求。With the development of modern manufacturing technology, the variety and demand for high-precision knives are increasing, and the performance requirements for knives are becoming more and more strict. In order to replace the low efficiency of manual grinding and obtain higher-precision knives, domestic manufacturers produce A multi-axis grinder has been developed, but the multi-axis grinder in the prior art generally has a low product grade and poor accuracy and stability, which cannot meet the customer's requirements for using high-precision tools.
因此,针对上述技术问题,有必要提供一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置及修磨方法。Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a grinding device and a grinding method for the end face of a numerically controlled milling cutter.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置及修磨方法,采用四轴即x轴,y轴,z(c)轴,a轴的联动,实现了对铣刀(包括二刃立铣刀,三刃立铣刀,四刃立铣刀)的高精度数控修磨,以解决现有技术中的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a CNC milling cutter end face grinding device and grinding method, which adopts the linkage of four axes, namely x axis, y axis, z (c) axis, and a axis, to realize the High-precision CNC grinding of end mills, three-blade end mills, four-blade end mills) to solve the problems in the prior art.
为了实现上述目的,本发明一实施例提供的技术方案如下:In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
一实施例中,提供了一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置,包括基台,第一移动机构,磨刀组件,第二移动机构,工件装夹组件,测量感应组件以及数控系统;In one embodiment, a CNC milling cutter end face grinding device is provided, including a base, a first moving mechanism, a sharpening assembly, a second moving mechanism, a workpiece clamping assembly, a measurement sensing assembly, and a numerical control system;
所述基台具有一承载面;the base has a bearing surface;
所述第一移动机构被配置于所述承载面上,所述磨刀组件被配置于所述第一移动机构上且在所述第一移动机构的作用下沿y轴方向移动,所述磨刀组件包括一磨头砂轮;The first moving mechanism is arranged on the bearing surface, the sharpening assembly is arranged on the first moving mechanism and moves along the y-axis direction under the action of the first moving mechanism, and the sharpening assembly is arranged on the first moving mechanism. The knife assembly includes a grinding wheel;
所述第二移动机构被配置于所述承载面上,所述工件装夹组件可旋转设置于所述第二移动机构上,且在所述第二移动机构的作用下沿x轴方向移动,所述工件装夹组件包括用于固定待磨铣刀的夹具以及驱动所述夹具旋转以调节待磨铣刀修磨角度的动力装置;The second moving mechanism is arranged on the bearing surface, the workpiece clamping assembly is rotatably arranged on the second moving mechanism, and moves along the x-axis direction under the action of the second moving mechanism, The workpiece clamping assembly includes a clamp for fixing the milling cutter to be ground and a power device for driving the clamp to rotate to adjust the grinding angle of the milling cutter to be ground;
测量感应组件,被配置于所述第一移动机构上,包括用于测量待磨铣刀长度的感应器以及用于定位待磨铣刀角度的侧头角向定位头;a measurement sensing assembly, configured on the first moving mechanism, including a sensor for measuring the length of the milling cutter to be ground and a side head angular positioning head for locating the angle of the milling cutter to be ground;
数控系统,连接所述第一移动机构,磨刀组件,第二移动机构,工件装夹组件以及测量感应组件,用以协调上述各部件之间的联动运作。The numerical control system is connected with the first moving mechanism, the knife sharpening assembly, the second moving mechanism, the workpiece clamping assembly and the measuring and sensing assembly, so as to coordinate the linkage operation among the above components.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述第一移动机构包括第一滑座,第一直线导轨组,第一滑块组以及第一驱动装置,所述第一滑座被配置于所述承载面上,所述第一直线导轨组被配置于所述第一滑座上,所述第一滑块组被配置于所述第一直线导轨组上,所述第一滑块组上设置有第一安装板,所述第一驱动装置被配置于所述第一滑座上且连接所述第一安装板,驱动所述第一安装板在y轴方向上移动。As a further improvement of the present invention, the first moving mechanism includes a first sliding seat, a first linear guide rail group, a first sliding block group and a first driving device, and the first sliding seat is arranged on the bearing surface , the first linear guide rail group is arranged on the first sliding seat, the first slider group is arranged on the first linear guide rail group, and the first slider group is arranged on the There is a first mounting plate, the first driving device is disposed on the first sliding seat and connected to the first mounting plate, and drives the first mounting plate to move in the y-axis direction.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述第一滑座上还设置有第一感应器组,所述第一感应器组连接所述数控系统,用于感应所述磨刀组件的移动距离。As a further improvement of the present invention, the first sliding seat is further provided with a first sensor group, and the first sensor group is connected to the numerical control system for sensing the moving distance of the sharpening assembly.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述磨刀组件包括电机,所述电机被配置于所述第一安装板上,所述电机的输出轴连接所述磨头砂轮。As a further improvement of the present invention, the sharpening assembly includes a motor, the motor is configured on the first mounting plate, and an output shaft of the motor is connected to the grinding head grinding wheel.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述磨头砂轮上由中心向外依次分布有第一磨修面,第二磨修面和第三磨修面,所述第一磨修面和所述第二磨修面凸于所述磨头砂轮表面设置,所述第三磨修面被构造成沿远离所述磨头砂轮中心方向倾斜的倾斜面。As a further improvement of the present invention, a first grinding surface, a second grinding surface and a third grinding surface are sequentially distributed on the grinding wheel from the center to the outside, and the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface are The grinding surface is provided protruding from the surface of the grinding head grinding wheel, and the third grinding grinding surface is configured as an inclined surface inclined in a direction away from the center of the grinding head grinding wheel.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述工件装夹组件与第二移动机构之间设置有旋转机构,所述工件装夹组件在所述旋转机构的作用下能绕z轴旋转。As a further improvement of the present invention, a rotation mechanism is provided between the workpiece clamping assembly and the second moving mechanism, and the workpiece clamping assembly can rotate around the z-axis under the action of the rotation mechanism.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述旋转机构包括减速机安装板和减速机,所述减速机安装板固定于所述第二移动机构上,所述减速机被配置于所述减速机安装板上,其输出轴连接所述工件装夹组件。As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a reducer mounting plate and a reducer, the reducer mounting plate is fixed on the second moving mechanism, and the reducer is arranged on the reducer mounting plate , the output shaft of which is connected to the workpiece clamping assembly.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述第二移动机构包括第二滑座,第二直线导轨组,第二滑块组以及第二驱动装置,所述第二滑座被配置于所述承载面上,所述第二直线导轨组被配置于所述第二滑座上,所述第二滑块组被配置于所述第二直线导轨组上,所述第二滑块组上设置有第二安装板,所述第二驱动装置被配置于所述第二滑座上且连接所述第二安装板,驱动所述第二安装板在x轴方向上移动,所述减速机安装板被固定于所述第二安装板上。As a further improvement of the present invention, the second moving mechanism includes a second sliding seat, a second linear guide rail group, a second sliding block group and a second driving device, and the second sliding seat is arranged on the bearing surface , the second linear guide rail group is arranged on the second sliding seat, the second slider group is arranged on the second linear guide rail group, and the second slider group is provided with a second an installation plate, the second drive device is arranged on the second sliding seat and connected to the second installation plate, drives the second installation plate to move in the x-axis direction, and the reducer installation plate is fixed on the second mounting plate.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述第二滑座上还设置有第二感应器组,所述第二感应器组连接所述数控系统,用于感应所述工件装夹组件的移动距离。As a further improvement of the present invention, a second sensor group is further provided on the second sliding seat, and the second sensor group is connected to the numerical control system for sensing the moving distance of the workpiece clamping assembly.
在上述技术方案中,所述第一感应器组件和所述第二感应器组件分别通过产生控制第一驱动装置的控制信号和控制第二驱动装置的控制信号,可使上述磨刀组件的位置相对于工件装夹组件的位置被精确地确定。In the above technical solution, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly respectively generate a control signal for controlling the first driving device and a control signal for controlling the second driving device, so that the position of the sharpening assembly can be adjusted. The position of the workpiece clamping assembly is precisely determined.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述工件装夹组件还包括一工作台,所述工作台被固定于所述减速机的输出轴上,且在所述减速机的作用下能相对所述第二安装板在z轴方向上转动,所述夹具与所述动力装置被配置于所述工作台上。As a further improvement of the present invention, the workpiece clamping assembly further includes a worktable, the worktable is fixed on the output shaft of the reducer, and can be opposed to the second reducer under the action of the reducer. The mounting plate is rotated in the z-axis direction, and the jig and the power device are arranged on the table.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述夹具包括固定于所述工作台上的头架座,所述头架座内轴向活动设置有转轴,所述转轴上于所述头架座一侧固定有筒夹,所述筒夹用于固定待磨铣刀,所述动力装置作用于所述转轴,带动所述筒夹a轴旋转。As a further improvement of the present invention, the fixture includes a headstock seat fixed on the worktable, a rotating shaft is axially movably arranged in the headstock seat, and a rotating shaft is fixed on one side of the headstock seat. The collet is used to fix the milling cutter to be ground, and the power device acts on the rotating shaft to drive the a-axis of the collet to rotate.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述动力装置与所述转轴之间设置有同步带结构,所述同步带结构包括设于所述动力装置输出轴上的主动轮,设于所述转轴上的从动轮以及套设于所述主动轮与所述从动轮上的同步带,所述同步带上设置有与所述主动轮和所述从动轮相匹配的啮齿结构。As a further improvement of the present invention, a timing belt structure is arranged between the power device and the rotating shaft, and the timing belt structure includes a driving wheel arranged on the output shaft of the power device, and a slave wheel arranged on the rotating shaft. A driving wheel and a synchronous belt sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the synchronous belt is provided with a meshing tooth structure matched with the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述转轴设有从动轮一侧还安设有手柄结构,用于手动调整固定待修磨铣刀的筒夹的旋转角度。As a further improvement of the present invention, a handle structure is also installed on one side of the rotating shaft provided with the driven wheel, which is used to manually adjust the rotation angle of the collet for fixing the milling cutter to be sharpened.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述侧头角向定位头包括一接触部,所述接触部具有一平直接触面,所述侧头角向定位头通过侧头支架固定于所述第一安装板上,且所述平直接触面相对于所述水平方向呈45度角倾斜设置,通过待磨修铣刀沿着X轴正方向移动碰触到侧头角向定位头后,筒夹绕a轴旋转一定角度后再次移动触碰侧头角向定位头后确定铣刀a轴的零点。As a further improvement of the present invention, the side head angle positioning head includes a contact portion, the contact portion has a flat contact surface, and the side head angle positioning head is fixed on the first mounting plate through a side head bracket , and the flat contact surface is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the horizontal direction. After the milling cutter to be ground moves along the positive direction of the X-axis and touches the angular positioning head of the side head, the collet rotates around the a-axis for a certain amount. After the angle, move it again to touch the angular positioning head of the side head and determine the zero point of the a-axis of the milling cutter.
作为本发明的进一步改进,本装置的数控系统,采用VB程序设计,ZDevelop进行调试,通过运动控制卡连接控制机床各轴的运动,同时为数控刀具磨床磨削相应的刀具提供了人机交互界面。As a further improvement of the present invention, the numerical control system of the device adopts VB program design, ZDevelop is used for debugging, and the movement of each axis of the machine tool is controlled through the motion control card connection, and at the same time, a man-machine interface is provided for the numerical control tool grinder to grind corresponding tools. .
一实施例提供了上述数控铣刀端面修磨装置的修磨方法,包括:An embodiment provides a grinding method for the above-mentioned CNC milling cutter end surface grinding device, including:
数控系统根据测量感应组件反馈的待磨铣刀刀长和角度信息,自动进行待磨铣刀位置和a轴零点的调整;The numerical control system automatically adjusts the position of the milling cutter to be ground and the zero point of the a-axis according to the length and angle information of the milling cutter to be ground fed back by the measuring induction component;
控制磨头砂轮旋转对待磨铣刀的刀面及切槽进行修磨,且在修磨过程中根据修磨部位的不同,实时调整工件装夹组件与磨刀组件的相对位置。Control the rotation of the grinding wheel to grind the face and groove of the milling cutter to be ground, and adjust the relative position of the workpiece clamping assembly and the sharpening assembly in real time according to the different grinding parts during the grinding process.
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于,提供了一种高精度铣刀修磨装置,本装置采用四轴即x轴,y轴,z(c)轴,a轴的联动,通过采用VB程序设计,ZDevelop进行调试,通过运动控制卡连接控制机床各轴的运动,实现了对铣刀(包括二刃立铣刀,三刃立铣刀,四刃立铣刀)的高精度数控修磨,同时为数控刀具磨床磨削相应的刀具提供了人机交互界面,方便用户操作。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage of providing a high-precision milling cutter grinding device. VB program design, ZDevelop debugging, through the motion control card connection to control the movement of each axis of the machine tool, to achieve high-precision CNC repair of milling cutters (including two-blade end mills, three-blade end mills, and four-blade end mills). At the same time, it provides a man-machine interface for the CNC tool grinder to grind the corresponding tools, which is convenient for users to operate.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是本申请一实施方式中一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置的立体结构图;1 is a three-dimensional structural view of a CNC milling cutter end face grinding device in an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请一实施方式中第一移动机构的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first moving mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请一实施方式中磨刀组件的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sharpening assembly in an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请一实施方式中第二移动机构的结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second moving mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请一实施方式中工件装夹组件和旋转机构的第一视角立体结构图;5 is a perspective structural view of a workpiece clamping assembly and a rotating mechanism in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;
图6是本申请一实施方式中工件装夹组件和旋转机构的第二视角立体结构图。FIG. 6 is a perspective structural diagram of a workpiece clamping assembly and a rotating mechanism from a second perspective according to an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将结合附图所示的各实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但该等实施方式并不限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员根据该等实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and the structural, method, or functional transformations made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是,一般工件在空间未定位时,有六个自由度,X\Y\Z三个线性位移自由度和与其对应的A\B\C三个旋转位移自由度。六个自由度通常用笛卡尔直角坐标系的X\Y\Z来表达三个线性轴,用与其对应的A\B\C来表达三个旋转轴。本申请文件中的x轴,y轴,z轴的具体方向被定义为图1中的标注方向。It should be noted that when the general workpiece is not positioned in space, it has six degrees of freedom, X\Y\Z three linear displacement degrees of freedom and corresponding A\B\C three rotational displacement degrees of freedom. The six degrees of freedom are usually expressed by X\Y\Z of the Cartesian Cartesian coordinate system to express the three linear axes, and the corresponding A\B\C to express the three rotational axes. The specific directions of the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis in this application document are defined as the marked directions in FIG. 1 .
参考图1所示,本申请一实施例提供了一种数控铣刀端面修磨装置,采用弧形龙门结构,刚性好。该数控铣刀端面修磨装置包括基台1,第一移动机构2,磨刀组件3,第二移动机构4,工件装夹组件5,测量感应组件6以及数控系统。其中,基台1具有一承载面11;第一移动机构2被配置于承载面11上,磨刀组件3被配置于第一移动机构2上且在第一移动机构2的作用下沿y轴方向移动;第二移动机构4被配置于承载面11上,工件装夹组件5可旋转设置于第二移动机构4上,且在第二移动机构4的作用下沿x轴方向移动;测量感应组件6被配置于第一移动机构2上,包括用于测量待磨铣刀长度的感应器61以及用于定位待磨铣刀角度的侧头角向定位头62(参考图2所示);数控系统连接所述第一移动机构2,磨刀组件3,第二移动机构4,工件装夹组件5以及测量感应组件6,用以协调上述各部件之间的联动运作。Referring to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a CNC milling cutter end face grinding device, which adopts an arc-shaped gantry structure and has good rigidity. The CNC milling cutter end face grinding device includes a base 1, a
参考图2所示,第一移动机构2包括第一滑座21,第一直线导轨组22,第一滑块组23以及第一驱动装置24,第一滑座21被配置于承载面11上,第一直线导轨组22被配置于第一滑座21上,第一滑块组23被配置于第一直线导轨组22上,第一直线导轨组22与第一滑块组23配合使用,使得第一滑块组23能够沿着y轴做直线运动,第一滑块组23上设置有第一安装板231,第一驱动装置24被配置于第一滑座21上且连接第一安装板231,驱动第一安装板231在y轴方向上移动。Referring to FIG. 2 , the
第一滑座21上还设置有第一感应器组,具体的,第一滑座21侧面装有y轴感应开关板211,用于安装第一感应器组,第一感应器组连接数控系统,用于感应磨刀组件3的移动距离。The first sliding
第一驱动装置24通过轴承座设置于第一滑座21上,第一驱动装置24可以为丝杆步进电机,其丝杆上设置有螺母座,第一安装板231的下方中心处与螺母座相连,螺母座与丝杆相配合使得第一安装板231可随着丝杆的转动沿着y轴做直线运动。The
第一安装板231上还设置有侧头角向定位头62,侧头角向定位头62包括一接触部621,接触部621具有一平直接触面,侧头角向定位头62通过侧头支架63固定于第一安装板231上,且平直接触面相对于水平方向呈45度角倾斜设置,通过待磨修铣刀沿着X轴正方向移动碰触到侧头角向定位头62后,筒夹绕a轴旋转一定角度后再次移动触碰侧头角向定位头62后确定铣刀a轴的零点。The
参考图3所示,磨刀组件3包括电机31和磨头砂轮32,电机31被配置于第一安装板231上,电机31的输出轴连接磨头砂轮32;磨头砂轮32上由中心向外依次分布有第一磨修面321,第二磨修面322和第三磨修面323,第一磨修面321和第二磨修面322凸于磨头砂轮表面设置,第三磨修面323被构造成沿远离磨头砂轮3中心方向倾斜的倾斜面,其中,第一修磨面321用来修磨铣刀的第二后刀面,第三修磨面323用来修磨刀槽和前刀面,第二修磨面322用来修磨第一后刀面。Referring to FIG. 3 , the sharpening
参考图4所示,第二移动机构4被配置于基台1上,第二移动机构4包括第二滑座41,第二直线导轨组42,第二滑块组43以及第二驱动装置44,第二滑座41被配置于承载面11上,第二直线导轨组42被配置于第二滑座41上,第二滑块组43被配置于第二直线导轨组42上,第二直线导轨组42与第二滑块组43配合使用,使得第二滑块组43能够沿着x轴做直线运动,第二滑块组43上设置有第二安装板431,第二驱动装置44被配置于第二滑座41上且连接第二安装板431,驱动第二安装板431在x轴方向上移动。Referring to FIG. 4 , the second moving mechanism 4 is disposed on the base 1 . The second moving mechanism 4 includes a second sliding
第二滑座41上还设置有第二感应器组,具体的,第二滑座41侧面装有x轴感应开关板411,用于安装第二感应器组,第二感应器组连接数控系统,用于感应工件装夹组件5的移动距离。The second sliding
在上述技术方案中,第一感应器组件和第二感应器组件分别通过产生控制第一驱动装置24的控制信号和控制第二驱动装置44的控制信号,可使上述磨刀组件3的位置相对于工件装夹组件5的位置被精确地确定。In the above technical solution, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly can make the positions of the
第二驱动装置44通过轴承座设置于第二滑座41上,第二驱动装置44同样可以为丝杆步进电机,其丝杆上设置有螺母座,第二安装板431的下方中心处与螺母座相连,螺母座与丝杆相配合使得第二安装板431可随着丝杆的转动沿着x轴做直线运动。The
参考图4、图5和图6所示,工件装夹组件5与第二移动机构4之间设置有旋转机构7,工件装夹组件5在旋转机构7的作用下能绕z轴旋转。Referring to FIGS. 4 , 5 and 6 , a
旋转机构7包括减速机安装板71和减速机72,减速机安装板71固定于第二移动机构4的第二安装板431上,减速机72被配置于减速机安装板71上,其输出轴连接工件装夹组件5。The
工件装夹组件5包括工作台51,设于工作台51上用于固定待磨铣刀的夹具52以及设于工作台51上驱动夹具52旋转以调节待磨铣刀修磨角度的动力装置53。The workpiece clamping assembly 5 includes a
工作台51被固定于减速机72的输出轴上,且在减速机71的作用下能相对第二安装板431在z轴方向上转动,夹具52与动力装置53被配置于工作台上51。The table 51 is fixed on the output shaft of the
夹具52包括固定于工作台51上的头架座521,头架座521内轴向活动设置有转轴522,转轴522上于头架座521一侧固定有筒夹523,筒夹523用于固定待磨铣刀,动力装置53作用于转轴522,带动筒夹523a轴旋转。The
动力装置53与转轴522之间设置有同步带结构54,同步带结构54包括设于动力装置53输出轴上的主动轮541,设于转轴522上的从动轮542以及套设于主动轮541与从动轮542上的同步带543,同步带543上设置有与主动轮541和从动轮542相匹配的啮齿结构,通过同步带543传动带动主动轮541转动进而使筒夹523可绕a轴转动。A
转轴522设有从动轮542的一侧还安设有手柄结构55,用于手动调整固定待修磨铣刀的筒夹523的旋转角度。A
数控系统,采用VB程序设计,ZDevelop进行调试,通过运动控制卡连接控制机床各轴的运动,同时为数控刀具磨床磨削相应的刀具提供了人机交互界面。The CNC system adopts VB program design, ZDevelop for debugging, and controls the movement of each axis of the machine tool through the motion control card connection, and provides a man-machine interface for the CNC tool grinder to grind the corresponding tools.
本申请一实施例提供了上述数控铣刀端面修磨装置的修磨方法,包括:An embodiment of the present application provides a grinding method for the above-mentioned CNC milling cutter end face grinding device, including:
数控系统根据测量感应组件反馈的待磨铣刀刀长和角度信息,自动进行待磨铣刀位置和a轴零点的调整;The numerical control system automatically adjusts the position of the milling cutter to be ground and the zero point of the a-axis according to the length and angle information of the milling cutter to be ground fed back by the measuring induction component;
控制磨头砂轮旋转对待磨铣刀的刀面及切槽进行修磨,且在修磨过程中根据修磨部位的不同,实时调整工件装夹组件与磨刀组件的相对位置。Control the rotation of the grinding wheel to grind the face and groove of the milling cutter to be ground, and adjust the relative position of the workpiece clamping assembly and the sharpening assembly in real time according to the different grinding parts during the grinding process.
本申请的数控铣刀端面修磨装置,其各部件的运动原理为:In the CNC milling cutter end face grinding device of the present application, the movement principle of each component is as follows:
筒夹523的运动包括沿x轴的移动,绕a轴的转动以及绕z轴的转动。筒夹523沿x轴方向的直线运动是在第二驱动装置44的带动下使得螺母座随着丝杠的转动而沿着x轴直线运动;筒夹523绕a轴的转动是通过动力装置53的转动带动同步带543使得筒夹523转动来实现的;筒夹523绕z轴的转动通过减速机71带动工作台51的转动来实现的。Movement of the
磨头砂轮32沿y轴方向的直线运动是通过第一驱动装置24转动使螺母座随着丝杠的转动而移动实现的。磨削时磨头砂轮32的转动依靠电机31的转动来带动。The linear movement of the
待修磨铣刀刀具绕a轴的旋转是通过动力装置53带动同步带来实现的。The rotation of the milling cutter to be ground around the a-axis is realized by driving the synchronous belt by the
本申请的数控铣刀端面修磨装置,筒夹可以通过导轨,滑座,滑块沿着x轴方向移动,磨削时移动到指定的位置,筒夹下方连接一个工作台,减速机转动带动工作台绕着z轴旋转,进而使筒夹和刀具绕着z轴分别旋转相对应的角度使得砂轮能够分别切入工件从而实现对前刀面、第一后刀面以及第二后刀面的磨削,可以通过a轴的旋转使得铣刀的每一个刀刃和刀面都得到加工。In the CNC milling cutter end face grinding device of the present application, the collet can be moved along the x-axis through the guide rail, the sliding seat, and the slider, and moved to the designated position during grinding. A worktable is connected under the collet, and the reducer rotates to drive The table rotates around the z-axis, so that the collet and the tool rotate around the z-axis by corresponding angles respectively, so that the grinding wheel can cut into the workpiece respectively to realize the grinding of the rake face, the first flank and the second flank. For milling, each edge and face of the milling cutter can be machined through the rotation of the a-axis.
机床工作区还有侧头支架用以安装传感器,在每次加工前对刀具进行长度测量,并将数据传给数控系统,并为下一步的测刀具角度做准备。There is also a side head bracket in the working area of the machine tool to install the sensor, measure the length of the tool before each machining, and transmit the data to the numerical control system, and prepare for the next step of measuring the tool angle.
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于,提供了一种高精度铣刀修磨装置,本装置采用四轴即x轴,y轴,z(c)轴,a轴的联动,通过采用VB程序设计,ZDevelop进行调试,通过运动控制卡连接控制机床各轴的运动,实现了对铣刀(包括二刃立铣刀,三刃立铣刀,四刃立铣刀)的高精度数控修磨,同时为数控刀具磨床磨削相应的刀具提供了人机交互界面,方便用户操作。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage of providing a high-precision milling cutter grinding device. VB program design, ZDevelop debugging, through the motion control card connection to control the movement of each axis of the machine tool, to achieve high-precision CNC repair of milling cutters (including two-blade end mills, three-blade end mills, and four-blade end mills). At the same time, it provides a man-machine interface for the CNC tool grinder to grind the corresponding tools, which is convenient for users to operate.
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施例加以描述,但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
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