CN113042193B - Sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling of muck and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling dregs and a construction method, which comprises the following steps: the first collecting tank is used for collecting stones separated from the dregs; the separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank and is obliquely arranged along the axis direction; the separation barrel rotates around the axial direction of the separation barrel, so that stones in the muck slide down to the first collecting tank under the action of gravity, and the separated sand-containing muck falls down from the pores on the outer wall of the separation barrel under the action of gravity; the second collecting tank collects the sand-containing muck falling from the pores on the outer wall of the separating cylinder; the sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing muck and separating sand; a vibration table for filtering water in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device; and the third collecting tank is arranged on one side of the vibrating table and is used for collecting the sand separated by the vibrating table. The invention can effectively separate and clean sand and stone in the shield excavation residue soil, realizes the recycling of the residue soil and is beneficial to saving resources and protecting the environment.

Description

A kind of sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling and construction method and construction method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering construction, in particular to a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment and a construction method suitable for slag recycling.

Background technique

At present, many cities are carrying out large-scale subway tunnel construction, and the shield method is one of the main methods for urban subway tunnel construction. During the shield construction process, a large amount of waste sludge will be produced. Due to the environmental protection requirements of urban centers and urban management and other factors, the outbound transportation of sludge is often restricted. If the sludge treatment is not timely, a large amount of sludge will accumulate in the excavation port, and the underground sludge cannot be discharged in time, thus affecting the construction safety and delaying the construction period. In addition, the disposal and transportation of waste sludge consumes a lot of clean water, resulting in waste of resources. According to the difference of the shield excavation stratum, the waste sludge often contains recyclable components, such as sand and stones. Road construction projects, and then realize the recycling of shield excavation slag. Zhang Shujing et al. pointed out in the article "Research on the Moisture Content Characteristics and Dehydration Technology of Shield Muck" published in "China Soil and Water Conservation" in 2019: The shield muck has fine particles and high moisture content, and the muck that is directly discarded without treatment It will cause major hidden dangers to the ecological environment and public safety. The harmless treatment of the huge amount of muck produced by the shield tunneling machine is the most prominent problem in the process of subway construction. It can be seen that the effective treatment and reuse of waste slag is crucial to saving construction costs, ensuring the progress of shield construction and saving resources.

After searching the prior art documents, it is found that the Chinese patent with the application number CN201920534194.1 proposes a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment, which feeds through the opening towards the top hopper, which is simple to operate and occupies a small area. , the feeding is smooth, the processing capacity is large, and the work efficiency and economic benefits are improved; through the rotation of the screen barrel, and with the water spray pipe, the concrete is separated during the turning process and fully cleaned at the same time; The proportion of sand and gravel in the slag changes rapidly according to the change of the excavation stratum. The patent mainly uses the spiral blade to separate the sand and gravel by scraping, and when the stone content is large, it is easy to cause the blade to be stuck or even damaged. less efficient. In addition, there is also the problem that the sand and stones separated from the shield construction site cannot be effectively collected in a centralized manner, which is inconvenient for the subsequent recycling of aggregates.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment and a construction method suitable for the recycling of slag.

The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling, including:

a first collection tank for collecting the stones separated from the muck;

The separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank, and the separation cylinder is inclined along the axis direction; the outer wall of the separation cylinder is provided with evenly distributed pores, and the size of the pores is smaller than the particle size of the stones in the slag. The separation cylinder can be rotated around its axial direction, and through the rotation of the separation cylinder, the stones in the slag will fall into the first collection tank under the action of gravity, and the separated sand-containing slag will be under the action of gravity. falling from the pores of the outer wall of the separation cylinder;

The second collection pool is arranged below the separation drum, and the second collection pool is located on one side of the first collection pool, and the second collection pool is used to collect the falling from the pores of the outer wall of the separation drum of sandy slag;

A sand cleaning device for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing slag and separating out sand;

A vibrating table for filtering out moisture in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device;

A third collection tank is arranged on one side of the vibration table, and the third collection tank is used to collect the sand separated by the vibration table.

Preferably, the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling includes:

The muck pool is arranged under the separation drum, the sand cleaning device and the vibrating table, and the muck pool is used to store the muddy water produced by the equipment during the working process.

Preferably, the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling includes:

a feeding box arranged above the muck pool and located on one side of the separation cylinder, the feeding box is used to store the muck excavated by the shield construction;

A slag guide pipe, one end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the feed box, and the other end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the separation cylinder, and the slag in the feed box is discharged through the slag guide pipe. into the separation drum.

Preferably, a water spray pipe capable of spraying water into the separation cylinder to wash the stones is arranged above the separation cylinder; the pipe wall of the water spray pipe is provided with a number of through holes evenly distributed along the length direction.

Preferably, the sand cleaning device includes:

A primary sand cleaning device connected to the second collection tank; the primary sand cleaning device includes a mud slag box, an axle, a transmission spoke, a rim and a motor, wherein the mud slag box is arranged on the rim Below the slag box, the mud tank is used to store the sand-containing slag pumped into the second collection tank; one end of the transmission spoke is connected to the axle, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the rim; the The outer wall of the wheel rim is provided with evenly distributed blades; the motor is connected with the wheel shaft, and the wheel shaft is driven to rotate by the motor, which drives the transmission spokes and the wheel rim to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the blades to rotate around The wheel shaft rotates, and the sand-containing slag in the slag tank is stirred by the blades, and cleaned and filtered;

The secondary sand cleaning device has the same structure as the primary sand cleaning device. The primary sand cleaning device transports the cleaned and filtered sand-containing slag to the secondary sand cleaning device through its blades. The primary sand cleaning device performs secondary cleaning and filtration on the slag that is cleaned and filtered by the primary sand cleaning device.

Preferably, the blades of the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device are made of steel mesh, and the mesh size of the steel mesh is smaller than the particle size of sand particles in the sand-containing slag;

The pores of the wire mesh of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device are smaller than the pores of the wire mesh of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device, and the motor speed of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than the motor speed of the primary sand cleaning device .

Preferably, the shaking table includes:

A filter screen arranged above the muck pool for filtering out moisture in the sand during the vibration process, and the pores of the filter screen are smaller than the particle size of the sand particles; the filter screen is located above the third collection pool, And one side of the filter screen is close to the third collection tank, the filter screen is inclined to the direction of the third collection tank, and the sand filtered by the filter screen is transferred to the third collection tank middle;

a mudguard arranged on the side of the filter screen, the mudguard is used to prevent the sand transported by the secondary sand cleaning device from falling into the muck pool from the side of the vibrating table;

a vibrating arm arranged on the top of the fender for conducting vibration;

The vibrator arranged on the vibrating arm is used to drive the vibrating arm to vibrate.

The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a construction method for separation and cleaning of sand and gravel suitable for the recycling of slag, including using the equipment for separation and cleaning of sand and gravel suitable for the recycling of slag.

Preferably, a construction method for the separation and cleaning of sand and gravel suitable for the recycling of slag, comprising the following steps:

S1: Determine the slag volume V of shield excavation;

S2: Calculate the content of stones in the excavation slag according to the height of the bedrock intrusion on the excavation surface, that is, determine the stone content VR in the _slag ;

S3: Calculate the sand content η of the sand-containing slag separated by the separation cylinder;

S4: obtain the sand content η according to S3 and adjust the angular velocity w ₁ that the blades of the primary sand cleaning device rotate around the wheel shaft;

S5: Determine the angular velocity w ₂ of the blade of the secondary sand cleaning device rotating around the wheel shaft, and w ₂ =λw ₁ , where λ is the rotational speed amplification factor;

S6: Recycle the stones collected in the first collection tank and the sand collected in the third collection tank.

Preferably, the S4: the angular velocity w ₁ of the blade of the primary sand cleaning device satisfies the following formula:

In the formula, η is the sand content; l is the distance between the sludge tank of the primary sand cleaning device and the sludge tank of the secondary sand cleaning device; r is the radius of the wheel rim; g is the acceleration of gravity, which is 9.8m/s ² ; h is the height of the sludge tank of the primary sand cleaning device.

The working principle of the above-mentioned sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling:

The dregs excavated by the shield in the soil-rock composite formation contain recyclable sand and stones. According to the actual stratum conditions of the project, the actual excavation volume V of the muck in the excavation process of each ring is calculated, and the content VR of the stones in the excavation muck is calculated according to the height of the bedrock intrusion on the excavation surface _. The stones in the muck are rotating. The separation cylinder is cleaned by a water spray pipe and falls into the first collection tank due to the action of gravity. The sand and cleaning water in the muck fall into the second collection tank through the pores of the separation drum to form sand-containing mud. The rotation speed w ₁ of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device is adjusted by calculating the sand content η in the sand-containing mud, so that the sand in the sand-containing mud is stirred and cleaned, and sent to the secondary sand cleaning device. The sand in it is further cleaned and filtered by adjusting the rotational speed w ₂ of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device, and sent to the vibrating table. The vibrating table further filters out moisture from the sand and transfers the sand to a third collection tank. The stones collected in the first collection tank and the sand collected in the third collection tank can be centrally processed by an excavator, and then effectively recycled.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

The above-mentioned equipment of the present invention is aimed at the construction in the soil-rock composite stratum of the shield tunnel. The excavated slag contains a large amount of reusable stones and sand. The stones are separated by setting a separation cylinder, and then the sand is separated and cleaned by the follow-up device. Realize the step-by-step recycling of stones and sand, and the step-by-step recycling can solve the problem of blade jamming when the stone content is large; realize the recycling and reuse of stones and sand in the slag, and effectively improve the urban core. The efficiency of excavation slag and soil treatment of shield tunnels in the district is of great significance for speeding up the construction efficiency of shield tunnels in soil-rock composite strata, environmental protection and resource conservation.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

1 is a front view of the structure of a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a top view of the structure of a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a structural side view of a sand and gravel separation and cleaning device suitable for slag recycling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

The reference numbers in the figure are respectively indicated as: 1 is the first collection tank, 2 is the feeding box, 3 is the slag guide pipe, 4 is the ring steel bar, 5 is the threaded steel bar, 6 is the blade, 7 is the mud slag box, 8 is the motor, 9 is the water spray pipe, 10 is the second collection tank, 11 is the wheel rim, 12 is the transmission spoke, 13 is the axle, 14 is the filter screen, 15 is the vibrator, 16 is the vibrating arm, 17 is the fender, 18 is the Muck pool, 19 is the third collection pool.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

This embodiment provides a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for the recycling of slag. It improves the construction efficiency of subway tunnels in the urban core area, and achieves the purpose of saving resources and protecting the environment.

Taking a subway tunnel in the core area of a city as an example, it is constructed by shield method. It is a double-lane double-hole tunnel with a circular structure. The excavation diameter is 9.15m, the outer diameter of the segment is 8.8m, and the width of the segment is 1.8m. The mileage range of the tunnel DSK19+200-DSK19+800 is the composite formation, the upper part is sandstone, and the lower part is hard granite. During the construction of this mileage section, the excavated muck is mainly crushed stone and sand. Due to the limitation of the transport of muck in the urban core area, it is necessary to treat the muck and separate and clean the crushed stone and sand in the muck. , so as to achieve the purpose of recycling.

Referring to FIG. 1, it is a front view of the structure of a sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for the recycling of slag according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The figure includes a slag pool 18, a first collection pool 1, and a third collection pool 19. , feeding box 2, slag guide pipe 3, second collection tank 10 (slag storage tank), separation cylinder, water spray pipe 9, primary sand cleaning device, secondary sand cleaning device and vibrating table.

The first collection tank 1 is used to collect the stones separated from the muck. As a preferred way, the first collection tank 1 can be surrounded by reinforced concrete walls, and its volume needs to meet the requirements of the maximum amount of stones excavated by the shield during the construction of the full-section hard rock formation, and its height is smaller than the muck pool 18 the height of.

There are evenly distributed pores on the outer wall of the separation cylinder, and the size of the pores is not larger than the particle size of the stones in the slag, so that the stones cannot slide out from the pores of the side wall of the separation cylinder, but slide down from the bottom of the separation cylinder into the first collection tank. 1 in. The separation cylinder is arranged above the side of the first collection tank 1 . When the separation cylinder is working, it can be driven by the motor to rotate around the axis of its own circular cross-section, so that the stones slide through the bottom of the separation cylinder to the first collection tank 1 due to the action of gravity, and the sand-containing slag can pass through the pores on the side wall of the separation cylinder. Gravity falls into the second collection basin 10 . As a preferred way, as shown in FIG. 3 , the separation cylinder is connected by welding the annular steel bar 4 and the threaded steel bar 5 to form a hollow columnar structure. The size of the hole in the side wall of the separation cylinder can be controlled by the spacing of the annular reinforcement bars 4 and the spacing of the threaded reinforcement bars 5 . The lower part of the excavation surface in the excavated slag of this example is hard granite, and the particle size of the stones formed after being cut and broken by the hob is more than 10cm. The diameter of the ring-shaped steel bar 4 is 1.8m; the length of the threaded steel bar 5 is 3m; the ring-shaped steel bar 4 and the threaded steel bar 5 are both circular cross-sections with a diameter of 16mm. The angle between the axis of the circular section of the separation cylinder and the horizontal plane is set to 25 degrees, and it is inclined toward the direction of the first collection tank 1 .

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , a water spray pipe 9 is provided above the separation cylinder. The length of the water spray pipe 9 is slightly larger than the length of the separation drum. The water spray pipe 9 can be made of galvanized steel pipe. A plurality of uniformly distributed through holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the water spray pipe 9 along the length direction, and each through hole can spray out a clean water flow with a certain pressure. While the separation drum is rotating, the water spray pipe 9 is used to clean the stones in the shield muck, so that the stones in the muck can be fully cleaned. In a specific example project, the length of the water spray pipe 9 is 3.3m, and a through hole is provided every 30cm along the length direction of the pipe wall.

As a preferred way, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, a feeding box 2 is arranged above the side of the separation cylinder. The soil is pumped into the separation drum. The stones slide into the first collection tank 1 after being washed by a clean water flow.

The feeding box 2 can be composed of a rectangular steel plate and four trapezoidal steel plates, wherein the rectangular steel plate is used as the bottom plate, and the bottom edges of the four trapezoidal steel plates are respectively connected with the four sides of the rectangular steel plate by welding to form an upper opening that can be stored and excavated. Muck box structure. Holes are drilled at the bottom of one of the four trapezoidal steel plates, so that the slag guide pipe 3 can pump the slag in the feeding box 2 into the separation cylinder through the opening. In a specific example project, the long side of the rectangular steel plate of the feeding box 2 is 3 m, the short side is 2 m, the steel plates on the opposite sides of the four trapezoidal steel plates are the same size, and the steel plates on the two sides along the length direction of the feeding box 2 are the same. The upper base is 3m, the lower base is 4m, and the height is 3.5m. The upper base of the steel plate along the width direction of the feeding box 2 is 2m, the lower base is 3.5m, and the height is 3.5m. The thickness of the steel plate is 6mm. A circular hole with a diameter of 0.4m is set at the bottom of the trapezoidal steel plate along the width direction of the feeding box 2, so that the slag guide pipe 3 can pump the slag in the feeding box 2 into the separation cylinder through the circular hole.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the second collection tank 10 is arranged directly below the separation cylinder, and is used to receive the sand-containing slag that falls through the pores on the side of the separation cylinder and the water used to clean the stones. The slag and water are collected in the second collection tank. Sand-containing mud water is formed in 10 and is pumped into the primary sand cleaning device. As a preferred manner, the second collection tank 10 can be formed of a tetrahedron structure with an upper opening opened by five rectangular steel plates connected by welding. The length and width of the bottom steel plate of the tetrahedral structure are 3m and 2.3m respectively. The thickness is 6mm. A circular opening is provided on the side steel plate adjacent to the primary sand cleaning device in the second collection tank 10, and the sand-containing slag (muddy water) in the second collection tank 10 can be pumped into the primary through the circular opening. in the sand cleaning device. The diameter of the circular opening may be 0.3 m.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device have the same structure, both of which are composed of blades 6 , mud tank 7 , motor 8 , rim 11 , transmission spokes 12 , and axle 13 . The primary sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering sand in the muddy water pumped into the second collection tank 10 . The sludge box 7 is arranged below the blade 6 . The motor 8 is connected with the wheel shaft 13, and the motor 8 is used to drive the wheel shaft 13 to rotate around its axis, and the rotation speed can be adjusted in real time according to the sand content in the muck. As a preferred way, the transmission spokes 12 can be made of equilateral channel steel, and both ends of the channel steel waist plate are used to connect the axle 13 and the wheel rim 11 . The blades 6 can be fixed on the outer wall of the rim 11 by welding. The blade 6 adopts a woven wire mesh, which is used to stir the muddy water in the mud tank 7, and clean and filter the sand in the muddy water. The mesh of the wire mesh is not larger than the diameter of the sand particles in the mud, so as to separate the sand in the mud. out; the primary sand cleaning device transports the cleaned and filtered sand-containing slag to the secondary sand cleaning device through its blades 6 . In a specific example project, the length and width of the braided steel mesh are 0.8m and 0.3m respectively, the thickness is 2mm, the wire diameter is 0.9mm, and the mesh size is 2.8mm×2.8mm. The sludge box 7 can be composed of two trapezoidal steel plates, two rectangular steel plates and a square steel plate, wherein the waists of the two trapezoidal steel plates and the long sides of the two rectangular steel plates are connected by welding to form the side wall of the sludge box 7 . The square steel plate is connected with the upper bottom sides of the two trapezoidal steel plates and the short sides of the two rectangular steel plates by welding, and serves as the bottom surface of the sludge box 7 . In a specific example project, the upper and lower bottom sides of the two trapezoidal steel plates of the sludge box 7 are respectively 3.2m and 4m, and the height is 1.3m. The length and width of the two rectangular steel plates of the sludge box 7 are 3.2 m and 1.36 m respectively, and the thickness of the steel plates are both 6 mm. The waist height, leg width and waist thickness of the equilateral channel steel used in the transmission spoke 12 are 80mm, 43mm and 5mm respectively. The cross-section of the hollow steel pipe selected for the axle 13 is circular, and the inner and outer diameters are 60 mm and 70 mm respectively.

The structure of the secondary sand cleaning device and the primary sand cleaning device are similar. The difference is that the woven wire mesh used in the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device has smaller pores than the woven wire mesh of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device. In addition, the rotational speed of the motor of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than the rotational speed of the motor of the primary sand cleaning device, so that the slag obtained by the cleaning and filtering of the primary sand cleaning device is cleaned and filtered for a second time.

As a preferred way, as shown in FIG. 2, the vibrating table is composed of a filter screen 14, a vibrator 15, a vibrating arm 16, and a fender 17, wherein the fender 17 is used to prevent sand transported by the secondary sand cleaning device. Dropped from the side of the vibrating table into the muck pool 18, the fender 17 is located on the side and is connected to the filter screen 14 at the bottom by welding; the pores of the filter screen 14 are not larger than the particle size of the sand particles, so that the water in the sand Filter out during shaker vibration. The filter screen 14 is inclined at a certain angle toward the third collection tank 19 for filtering out moisture in the sand during the vibration process, and transferring the sand to the third collection tank 19 . The vibrating arm 16 is fixed to the upper part of the fender 17 for conducting vibration to the entire vibrating table. The vibrator 15 is fixed on the vibrating arm 16 for driving the vibrating arm 16 to vibrate.

In a specific example project, the above-mentioned fender 17 adopts two pentagonal steel plates, and the lengths of the two hypotenuse sides, the two vertical sides and the bottom side are respectively 1.8m, 1.8m, 1.3m, 1.3m and 6m. The side of the vibrating table is welded, and the bottom edge is connected to the filter screen 14 at the bottom by welding. The filter screen 14 is made of woven wire mesh, the length and width are 5m and 3m respectively, the wire diameter is 0.5mm, the mesh size is 1.2mm × 1.2mm, and the angle between the length direction and the horizontal plane is 8 degrees, and the third collection tank 19 direction. Inclined, used to filter out moisture from the sand during vibration and convey the sand to the third collection tank 19 .

As a preferred manner, as shown in FIG. 1 , a muck pool 18 is provided below the separation drum, the primary sand cleaning device, the secondary sand cleaning device and the vibrating table. The muck pool 18 is surrounded by four reinforced concrete walls and is used to collect the waste mud generated during the operation of the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment. Remaining waste mud after extraction. The volume of the muck pool 18 needs to meet the requirements of the maximum muck discharge during the shield construction process; and the length of the reinforced concrete wall needs to be greater than the sum of the lengths of the separation cylinder, the primary sand cleaning device, the secondary sand cleaning device and the vibrating table , the width of the reinforced concrete wall should be larger than the maximum width of the separation cylinder and the first-level sand cleaning device, the second-level sand cleaning device and the vibration table. In a specific example project, it is considered that this project is a double-hole and double-track tunnel. In order to improve the construction efficiency, the excavation muck needs to be treated at the same time when the left and right lines are constructed at the same time. The reinforced concrete wall is set to be 20m long, 4m wide and 1.6m high. The thickness is 90mm.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the above-mentioned first collection tank 1 is disposed on the side of the muck pool 18 close to the second collection tank 10 . In a specific example project, considering the requirement of the maximum amount of excavated stones and the height of the muck pool 18 during the construction of the shield in the full-section hard rock stratum, the length, The width is 3m and 2.2m, the height is 1.4m, and the thickness is 90mm. The first collection tank 1 shares a reinforced concrete wall with the muck pool 18 along the width direction, and one side is left with an opening to facilitate the cleaning and recovery of stones.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the third collecting pool 19 is arranged on the side of the muck pool 18 close to the vibrating table, and is used to collect the sand obtained by vibrating and filtering the vibrating table. The height of the third collecting pool 19 is not greater than the height of the muck pool 18 . In a specific example project, the third collection pool 19 shares a reinforced concrete wall with the muck pool 18 in the width direction, and the opposite side is an opening to facilitate sand cleaning and recovery. The length and width of both reinforced concrete walls along the length direction are 4m, the height is 1.4m, and the thickness is 90mm. After the sand in the third collection tank 19 is irradiated by sunlight and air-dried, the water content can be further reduced, which is beneficial to recycling.

In another embodiment, a construction method for separating and cleaning sand and gravel suitable for the recycling of slag is provided, which is carried out by using the above-mentioned equipment, and includes the following steps:

S1: Determine the amount of earthwork excavated during the excavation of each ring of the shield machine:

In the formula, V is the slag output; D is the shield excavation diameter; L is the segment width; α is the over-excavation coefficient; β is the slag loosening coefficient;

In this embodiment, the excavation surface is a composite stratum of upper sandstone and lower hard granite, the over-excavation coefficient α and the muck loosening coefficient β are respectively 1.02 and 1.6, and the unloading rate γ of the soil bucket is 0.97. The segment width L is 1.8m, the shield excavation diameter D is 9.15m, and the slag output V=199m ³ .

S2: Determine the stone content in the muck, specifically:

The stone content refers to the gravel content of the hard rock formation at the lower part of the excavation face of the soil-rock composite formation after being cut and broken by the hob during the excavation process of each ring, which satisfies the following formula:

In the formula, VR is the gravel content; d is the height of the lower hard rock formation intruding into the excavation surface; _R is the shield excavation radius; L is the segment width.

In this embodiment, the height d of the protruding part of the lower bedrock intruding into the excavation surface is 3.2 m, the shield excavation radius _R is 4.575 m, and the crushed stone content VR is 20.67 m ³ .

S3: Determine the sand content in the muddy water, specifically:

The sand content refers to the proportion of the volume of sand in the muddy water falling into the second collection tank 10 through the separation cylinder to the volume of the muddy water, which satisfies the following formula:

In the formula, η is the sand content; _VR is the crushed stone content; V is the amount of slag; n is the number of openings on the spray pipe; s is the area of each opening on the spray pipe; _Vw is the water spray The water flow velocity of each opening on the pipe; v is the tunneling speed of the shield; L is the width of the segment.

In this embodiment, the number n of openings on the water spray pipe is 10, the area s of each opening is 0.06 m ² , the water flow velocity V _w of the opening of the water spray pipe is 1200 m/min, and the shield is in the soil-rock composite. The excavation speed v in the stratum is 0.015m/min, and the sand content η is 0.67.

S4: Determine the blade speed of the primary sand cleaning device, specifically:

The blade speed refers to the angular speed of the blade rotating around the wheel shaft in the primary sand cleaning device, which can be adjusted by the motor and satisfies the following formula:

In the formula, w ₁ is the blade speed of the primary sand cleaning device; η is the sand content; l is the distance of the sludge tank 7 in the primary and secondary sand cleaning devices; r is the radius of the wheel rim; g is the acceleration of gravity, taking 9.8m /s ² ; h is the height of the trapezoidal steel plate of the sludge box.

In this embodiment, the distance l of the mud tank 7 in the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device is 0.2m, the radius r of the rim is 1.8m, and the height h of the trapezoidal steel plate of the mud box 7 is 1.3m, The blade speed w ₁ of the primary sand cleaning device is 0.58 rad/s.

S5: Determine the blade rotation speed of the secondary sand cleaning device, and the blade rotation speed satisfies the following formula:

w ₂ =λw ₁

In the formula, w ₂ is the rotational speed of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device; w ₁ is the rotational speed of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device; λ is the rotational speed amplification factor, which is 1-1.2.

In this embodiment, the rotational speed amplification factor λ is 1.1, and the rotational speed w ₂ of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device is 0.64 rad/s.

S6: Cleaning and recycling of collected sand and stones.

The cleaning and recycling of stones refers to the centralized recycling and processing of stones falling into the first collection tank 1 by an excavator.

Sand cleaning and recycling means that the sand filtered by the secondary sand cleaning device is transferred to the vibrating table, and the water in the sand is further filtered out through the vibrating table, and finally falls into the third collection tank 19 . The sand in the third collection tank 19 is collectively recovered and processed by an excavator.

In this embodiment, the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment and its construction method in the shield muck can be used to clean and separate the sand and stones in the muck, and then the sand and stones can be recycled, which effectively relieves the shield tunnel subway in the urban core area. It is of great significance and value for environmental protection and resource conservation to improve the construction efficiency and reduce construction risks.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various variations or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment applicable to slag recycling, is characterized in that, comprises: a first collection tank for collecting the stones separated from the muck; The separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank, and the separation cylinder is inclined along the axis direction; the outer wall of the separation cylinder is provided with evenly distributed pores, and the size of the pores is smaller than the particle size of the stones in the slag. The separation cylinder can be rotated around its axial direction, and through the rotation of the separation cylinder, the stones in the slag will fall into the first collection tank under the action of gravity, and the separated sand-containing slag will be under the action of gravity. falling from the pores of the outer wall of the separation cylinder; The second collection pool is arranged below the separation drum, and the second collection pool is located on one side of the first collection pool, and the second collection pool is used to collect the falling from the pores of the outer wall of the separation drum of sandy slag; A sand cleaning device for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing slag and separating out sand; A vibrating table for filtering out moisture in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device; a third collection tank arranged on one side of the vibration table, the third collection tank is used to collect the sand separated by the vibration table; a muck pool arranged under the separation drum, the sand cleaning device and the vibrating table, and the muck pool is used to store the muddy water generated by the equipment during the working process; The sand cleaning device includes: A primary sand cleaning device connected to the second collection tank; the primary sand cleaning device includes a mud slag box, an axle, a transmission spoke, a rim and a motor, wherein the mud slag box is arranged on the rim Below the slag box, the mud tank is used to store the sand-containing slag pumped into the second collection tank; one end of the transmission spoke is connected to the axle, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the rim; the The outer wall of the wheel rim is provided with evenly distributed blades; the motor is connected with the wheel shaft, and the wheel shaft is driven to rotate by the motor, which drives the transmission spokes and the wheel rim to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the blades to rotate around The wheel shaft rotates, and the sand-containing slag in the slag tank is stirred by the blades, and cleaned and filtered; The secondary sand cleaning device has the same structure as the primary sand cleaning device. The primary sand cleaning device transports the cleaned and filtered sand-containing slag to the secondary sand cleaning device through its blades. The primary sand cleaning device performs secondary cleaning and filtration on the slag obtained by cleaning and filtering by the primary sand cleaning device; The blades of the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device are all made of steel wire mesh, and the mesh size of the wire mesh is smaller than the particle size of the sand particles in the sand-containing slag; the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device are used. The pores of the steel mesh are smaller than those of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device, and the motor speed of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than the motor speed of the primary sand cleaning device; by calculating the sand in the sand-containing mud The content η is adjusted to adjust the rotation speed w ₁ of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device, so as to stir and clean the sand in the sand-containing mud, and send it to the secondary sand cleaning device; by adjusting the rotation of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device The speed w ₂ further washes and filters the sand in it, and sends it to the vibrating table; The separation cylinder is connected by welding of annular steel bars and threaded steel bars to form a hollow columnar structure, and the size of the holes in the side walls of the separation cylinder is controlled by the spacing of the annular steel bars and the spacing of the threaded steel bars. 2. the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: a feeding box arranged above the muck pool and located on one side of the separation cylinder, the feeding box is used to store the muck excavated by the shield construction; A slag guide pipe, one end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the feeding box, and the other end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the separation cylinder, and the slag in the feed box is discharged through the slag guide pipe. into the separation drum. 3. The sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a water spray pipe capable of spraying water into the separation cylinder to wash stones is provided above the separation cylinder; The pipe wall of the water spray pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes evenly distributed along the length direction. 4. The sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for slag recycling according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described vibrating table comprises: A filter screen arranged above the muck pool for filtering out moisture in the sand during the vibration process, and the pores of the filter screen are smaller than the particle size of the sand particles; the filter screen is located above the third collection pool, And one side of the filter screen is close to the third collection tank, the filter screen is inclined to the direction of the third collection tank, and the sand filtered by the filter screen is transferred to the third collection tank middle; a mudguard arranged on the side of the filter screen, the mudguard is used to prevent the sand transported by the secondary sand cleaning device from falling into the muck pool from the side of the vibrating table; a vibrating arm arranged on the top of the fender for conducting vibration; The vibrator arranged on the vibrating arm is used to drive the vibrating arm to vibrate. 5. A construction method for the separation and cleaning of sand and gravel suitable for the recycling of slag soil, characterized in that it comprises using the sand and gravel separation and cleaning equipment suitable for the recycling of slag soil according to any one of claims 1-4. 6. the construction method that is applicable to the sand and gravel separation and cleaning of slag soil recycling according to claim 5, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the slag volume V of shield excavation; S2: Calculate the content of stones in the excavation slag according to the height of the bedrock intrusion on the excavation surface, that is, determine the stone content VR in the _slag ; S3: Calculate the sand content η of the sand-containing slag separated by the separation cylinder; S4: obtain the sand content η according to S3 and adjust the angular velocity w ₁ that the blades of the primary sand cleaning device rotate around the wheel shaft; S5: Determine the angular velocity w ₂ of the blade of the secondary sand cleaning device rotating around the wheel shaft, and w ₂ =λw ₁ , where λ is the rotational speed amplification factor; S6: Recycle the stones collected in the first collection tank and the sand collected in the third collection tank. 7. The construction method for the separation and cleaning of sand and gravel suitable for slag recycling according to claim 6, wherein the S4: the angular velocity w ₁ of the blade of the primary sand cleaning device satisfies the following formula:

In the formula, η is the sand content; l is the distance between the sludge tank of the primary sand cleaning device and the sludge tank of the secondary sand cleaning device; r is the radius of the wheel rim; g is the acceleration of gravity, which is 9.8m/s ² ; h is the height of the sludge tank of the primary sand cleaning device.

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