CN113040796B - Method and device for obtaining coronary artery functional indexes - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a method and a device for acquiring coronary functional indexes. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring image data of a blood vessel to be measured; obtaining the central arterial pressure of a blood vessel to be measured by a non-invasive measurement method; determining the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured at least according to the image data and the central artery pressure; and determining the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and the flow velocity. The noninvasive and accurate detection of the coronary artery physiological functional indexes is realized.

Description

Method and device for obtaining coronary artery functional indexes

technical field

The present application relates to the field of coronary artery physiology, in particular, to a method, device, computer-readable storage medium and processor for acquiring coronary artery functional indicators.

Background technique

Coronary artery physiology plays an increasingly important clinical role in cardiology. Coronary artery function indicators include: fractional flow reserve (Fractional Flow Reserve, referred to as FFR), instantaneous wave-free ratio (instant wave-free ratio, referred to as iFR), resting full-cycle ratio (Resting Full-cycle ratio, referred to as RFR), Circulatory resistance coefficient (Index of Microcirculatory Resistance, referred to as IMR) and vessel wall shear stress (Wall Shear Stress, referred to as WSS), etc.

In the prior art, the main clinical acquisition methods of FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR, and WSS are invasive single-point measurements using a pressure guide wire at a designated position in the target blood vessel. This measurement method has various intraoperative risks and is expensive, and requires high professionalism of operators, and it is difficult to obtain parameter values at all positions of the coronary artery. cost. In recent years, a variety of medical imaging techniques have provided auxiliary options for the diagnosis and treatment of coronary vessels, these techniques include digital silhouette angiography (DSA), positron emission tomography (PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance, myocardial contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and computed tomography Angiography, etc.

The new medical imaging technology can more intuitively and accurately present the geometric information of the real coronary artery and blood flow, which is very helpful for clinicians to complete the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, the accuracy of functional indicators such as FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS obtained by the existing medical imaging technology-assisted technology is low.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of this application is to provide a method, device, computer-readable storage medium and processor for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators, so as to solve the problems of FFR, iFR, iFR, The problem of low accuracy of functional indicators such as RFR, IMR and WSS.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators, including: obtaining image data of the blood vessel to be measured; obtaining the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by using a non-invasive measurement method; Determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured based on at least the image data and the central arterial pressure; determine the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and the flow velocity.

Further, using a non-invasive measurement method to obtain the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured includes: using the non-invasive measurement method to obtain brachial artery pressure, radial artery pressure and carotid artery pressure; according to the brachial artery pressure, the radial artery pressure pressure and the carotid pressure to calculate the central arterial pressure.

Further, obtaining the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by using a non-invasive measurement method further includes: obtaining a parameter set of the blood vessel to be measured, the parameter set including geometric information, arterial inlet flow, outlet boundary model and vascular elasticity model ; Determine the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model according to the parameter set; calculate the first pressure waveform at the measuring point according to the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and the measuring point includes the radial artery and the brachial artery; use the non-invasive measurement method to obtain all The second pressure waveform at the measuring point, the non-invasive measurement method includes ultrasonic method and nuclear magnetic method; determine the target difference, the target difference is the difference between the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform; Optimizing the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model according to the target difference to obtain an optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model; determining the central arterial pressure based on the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model.

Further, optimizing the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model according to the target difference to obtain the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model includes: when the target difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the Each parameter in the parameter set is updated until the target difference is smaller than the predetermined value; and an optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model is determined according to the updated parameter set.

Further, determining the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured based on at least the image data and the central arterial pressure includes: determining a geometric model of a blood vessel according to the image data; determining the blood vessel to be measured according to the central arterial pressure Measuring the pressure at the entrance of the blood vessel; constructing a 3D coronary CFD model of the blood vessel to be measured according to the geometric model of the blood vessel and the pressure at the entrance of the blood vessel to be measured; determining the to-be-measured blood vessel according to the 3D coronary CFD model The internal pressure and the flow velocity of blood vessels.

Further, the image data includes at least one of the following: CTA image, CTP image, DSA image, OCT image and IVUS image.

Further, the functional indicators include at least one of the following: FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a device for acquiring functional indicators of coronary arteries, including: a first acquisition unit, used to acquire image data of blood vessels to be measured; a second acquisition unit, used to acquire The central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured; the first determination unit is configured to determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured based on at least the image data and the central arterial pressure; the second determination unit is configured to determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured according to The internal pressure and the flow rate determine the functional indicators of the blood vessel to be measured.

According to still another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute any A method for acquiring coronary artery function indicators.

According to still another aspect of the present application, a processor is provided, and the processor is configured to run a program, wherein, when the program is running, any one of the methods for acquiring coronary artery functional indicators described above is executed.

Applying the technical solution of the present application, by obtaining the image data of the blood vessel to be measured, the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured is obtained by using a non-invasive measurement method, and then at least according to the image data and central arterial pressure, the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured are determined, and then According to the internal pressure and flow velocity, the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured is determined, and the non-invasive and accurate detection of the physiological and functional index of the coronary artery is realized.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for obtaining functional indexes of coronary arteries according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a 55-segment human artery network according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 shows a waveform diagram of central arterial pressure according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 shows the Tube-Load model according to the embodiment of the application;

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a device for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only It is an embodiment of a part of the application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when it is described that an element is "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element, or "connected" to the another element through a third element.

As introduced in the background technology, the accuracy of functional indicators such as FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS acquired by the existing medical imaging technology auxiliary technology in the prior art is relatively low. The accuracy of functional indicators such as FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR, and WSS obtained by medical imaging technology-assisted technology is low. Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, and computer-based method for obtaining functional indicators of coronary arteries. Read storage media and processors.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a method for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries is provided.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes the following steps:

Step S101, acquiring image data of blood vessels to be measured;

Step S102, using a non-invasive measurement method to obtain the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured;

Step S103, at least according to the above-mentioned image data and the above-mentioned central arterial pressure, determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured;

Step S104, according to the above-mentioned internal pressure and the above-mentioned flow velocity, determine the functional index of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured.

Specifically, the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured can be obtained by means of non-invasive measurement such as ultrasonic detection, nuclear magnetic detection, and a blood pressure measuring instrument capable of recording waveforms.

Specifically, the above image data includes at least one of the following: CTA image, CTP image, DSA image, OCT image and IVUS image. Certainly, the image data may also be other types of image data besides CTA images, CTP images, DSA images, OCT images and IVUS images.

Specifically, the aforementioned functional indicators include at least one of the following: FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS. Of course, the functional indicators may also be other types of functional indicators other than FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS.

In the above solution, by acquiring the image data of the blood vessel to be measured, the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured is obtained by using a non-invasive measurement method, and then at least based on the image data and the central arterial pressure, the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured are determined, and then according to the internal pressure and flow velocity to determine the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured, and realize the non-invasive and accurate detection of the physiological and functional index of the coronary artery.

It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, The steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.

In an embodiment of the present application, obtaining the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by using non-invasive measurement includes: obtaining brachial artery pressure, radial artery pressure and carotid artery pressure by using the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method; At least one of the arterial pressure and the aforementioned carotid artery pressure is used to calculate the aforementioned central arterial pressure. Specifically, the brachial artery pressure waveform, the radial artery pressure waveform, and the carotid artery pressure waveform can be acquired in a non-invasive measurement manner, and then the above-mentioned central Arterial pressure for accurate central arterial pressure.

In an embodiment of the present application, acquiring the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured using a non-invasive measurement method further includes: acquiring a parameter set of the blood vessel to be measured, the parameter set including geometric information, arterial inlet flow, outlet boundary model and Vascular elasticity model; determine the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model according to the above-mentioned parameter set; calculate the first pressure waveform at the measuring point according to the above-mentioned one-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and the above-mentioned measuring point includes the radial artery and the brachial artery; use the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method to obtain the above-mentioned measurement The second pressure waveform at the point, the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method includes ultrasonic method and nuclear magnetic method; determine the target difference, the above-mentioned target difference is the difference between the above-mentioned first pressure waveform and the above-mentioned second pressure waveform; according to the above-mentioned target difference to The one-dimensional fluid dynamics model is optimized to obtain an optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model; the central arterial pressure is determined based on the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model. Both the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform in this embodiment are pressure waveforms in the time domain, that is, the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform contain timing information. Compared with the radial artery pressure or The brachial artery pressure is only a pressure value scheme. Compared with the method of obtaining an average arterial pressure using a commonly used empirical formula in the prior art (accuracy has nothing to do with timing), the scheme of the present application is a time-series waveform, so that The determined central arterial pressure is more accurate; the accuracy of the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured is further ensured.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, obtaining the geometric information of the blood vessel to be measured includes: establishing 55 segments of the human artery network structure (the 55 segments of the human artery network structure are shown in Figure 2), and determining the initial The initial network structure parameters include geometric information such as the length and radius of blood vessels. The geometric information of 55 segments of human arteries is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Geometric information of 55 segments of human arteries

Numbering arterial name Length (cm) Proximal Radius (cm) Distal radius (cm) 1 Ascending aorta 4 1.525 1.42 2 Aortic arch 3 1.42 1.342 3 Brachiocephalic 4 0.95 0.7 4,15 R+L Subclavian 4 0.425 0.407 5,11 R+L Com. carotid 17 0.525 0.4 6,16 R+L Vertebral 14 0.2 0.2 7,17 R+L Brachial 40 0.407 0.25 8,19 R+L Radial twenty two 0.175 0.175 9,18 R+L Ulnar twenty two 0.175 0.175 10 Aortic arch 4 1.342 1.246 12 Thoracic aorta 6 1.246 1.124 13 Thoracic aorta 11 1.124 0.924 14 Intercostals 7 0.63 0.5 20 Celiac axis 2 0.35 0.3 twenty one Hepatic 2 0.3 0.25 twenty two Hepatic 7 0.275 0.25 twenty three Gastric 6 0.175 0.15 twenty four Splenic 6 0.2 0.2 25 Abdominal aorta 5 0.924 0.838 26 Superior mesenteric 5 0.4 0.35 27 Abdominal aorta 2 0.838 0.814 28,30 R+L Renal 3 0.275 0.275 29 Abdominal aorta 2 0.814 0.792 31 Abdominal aorta 13 0.792 0.627 32 Inferior mesenteric 4 0.2 0.175 33 Abdominal aorta 8 0.627 0.55 34,47 R+L External iliac 6 0.4 0.37 35,48 R+L Femoral 15 0.37 0.314 36,49 R+L Internal iliac 5 0.2 0.2 37,50 R+L Deep femoral 11 0.2 0.2 38,51 R+L Femoral 44 0.314 0.2 39,40,52,53 R+L Ext.+Int.carotid 16 0.275 0.2 41,54 R+L Post. tibial 32 0.125 0.125 42,55 R+L Ant. tibial 32 0.125 0.125 43,46 R+L Interosseous 7 0.1 0.1 44,45 R+L Ulnar 17 0.2 0.2

In a specific embodiment of the present application, obtaining the arterial inlet flow of the blood vessel to be measured includes: determining the flow-time relationship at the entrance of the arterial tree within a complete heartbeat cycle, and determining the arterial inlet flow of the blood vessel to be measured according to the flow-time relationship . Among them, the flow-time relationship can be determined through the fitting relationship of a large amount of data, that is to say, multiple flows at the entrance of the arterial tree are obtained, and multiple flows are fitted in the time domain to obtain the flow-time in a complete heartbeat cycle. Time relationship; the flow-time relationship in a complete heartbeat cycle can also be obtained through non-invasive measurement methods such as ultrasonic testing or nuclear magnetic testing.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, obtaining the outlet boundary model of the blood vessel to be measured includes: estimating parameters such as impedance and capacitive reactance of each cut-off blood vessel at the outlet of the arterial tree based on the circuit model, and determining the parameters to be measured according to the parameters such as impedance and capacitive reactance. A model of the exit boundary of a blood vessel.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, obtaining the vascular elasticity model of the blood vessel to be measured includes: constructing a one-dimensional hemodynamic control equation based on the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equation:

计算，p₀,A₀分别是血管未变形时的压力和横截面积，E表示血管壁的杨氏模量，h表示血管壁厚度，其中，根据血管的半径确定血管横截面积，根据动脉树入口处一个完整心跳周期内的流量-时间关系确定血液流量。where A is the cross-sectional area of the vessel, q is the blood flow rate, ν is the kinematic viscosity, δ is the thickness of the boundary layer, _r0 is the radius of the vessel when it is not deformed, and the pressure p is passed through the equation of state based on the elastic model

Calculate, p ₀ , A ₀ are the pressure and cross-sectional area of the blood vessel when it is not deformed, E represents the Young's modulus of the blood vessel wall, h represents the thickness of the blood vessel wall, where the cross-sectional area of the blood vessel is determined according to the radius of the blood vessel, and the blood vessel cross-sectional area is determined according to the artery The flow-time relationship over a complete heartbeat cycle at the tree entrance determines blood flow.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the one-dimensional hemodynamic governing equation can also be expressed in the following form:

where α is the Coriolis coefficient, μ is the dynamic viscosity, and _γv is a parameter defining the radial distribution of velocity. When α=1, the equation can also be written in the form of A, u:

where u is the axial velocity.

The state equation based on the elastic model can also be written as:

where v is Poisson's ratio.

In addition, the state equation also has a form based on the viscoelastic model:

where γ _s is the viscoelastic coefficient.

Of course, there are other forms of one-dimensional hemodynamic control equations and state equations, which are not limited to the cases listed here.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned one-dimensional fluid dynamics model is optimized according to the above-mentioned target difference to obtain the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model, including: when the above-mentioned target difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value Next, each parameter in the above parameter set is updated until the above target difference is smaller than the above predetermined value; according to the updated above parameter set, an optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model is determined. That is, by continuously adjusting each parameter in the parameter set until the target difference is smaller than the above predetermined value, it is determined that the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model at this time is closer to the real vascular fluid dynamics model when the target difference is smaller, so It is more accurate to determine the above-mentioned central arterial pressure based on the above-mentioned optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model.

Specifically, in the calculation of functional indicators, intravascular arterial pressure is an essential parameter, and parameters related to arterial pressure are derived from cardiac function indicators. The traditional method is to obtain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) through an empirical formula under statistical significance, and estimate parameters such as FFR based on the mean arterial pressure (MAP). For example, the empirical formula is:

Among them, HR, SBP, and DBP represent the patient's heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. However, this empirical formula does not fully reflect patient-specific physiological parameters. The one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method corrects the patient-related parameters in the one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model based on the non-invasive measurement of the upper limb arteries by establishing the arterial tree of the human body. By continuously adjusting these patient-specific parameters in this way, an optimal model can be obtained for the current patient. Therefore, the central arterial pressure can be calculated from the model, and the pressure-related parameters can be calculated more accurately. On the other hand, this method can obtain a complete central arterial pressure waveform within a heartbeat cycle, as shown in Figure 3, not just high and low pressure, and mean pressure. This is very beneficial for transient CFD simulations, providing complete pressure boundary conditions over a period.

Specifically, the one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method corrects the parameters related to the patient in the one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model based on the non-invasively measured upper limb arteries by establishing an arterial tree of the human body. By continuously adjusting these patient-specific parameters in this way, an optimal model can be obtained for the current patient. Therefore, the central arterial pressure can be calculated from the model, and the pressure-related parameters can be calculated more accurately.

In an embodiment of the present application, determining the internal pressure and flow velocity of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured based on at least the above-mentioned image data and the above-mentioned central arterial pressure includes: determining the geometric model of the blood vessel according to the above-mentioned image data; Measuring the pressure at the entrance of the blood vessel; constructing the 3D coronary artery CFD model of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured according to the above-mentioned geometric model of the blood vessel and the pressure at the entrance of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured; determining the above-mentioned internal pressure of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured according to the above-mentioned 3D coronary artery CFD model and the above velocity.

In an embodiment of the present application, calculating the central arterial pressure according to at least one of the above-mentioned brachial artery pressure, the above-mentioned radial artery pressure and the above-mentioned carotid artery pressure includes: according to the above-mentioned brachial artery pressure, the above-mentioned radial artery pressure and the above-mentioned At least one of the carotid pressures is calculated by using a transfer function method, a one-dimensional hemodynamic method, or a Tube-Load method to calculate the above-mentioned central arterial pressure.

计算脉搏波反射系数；3)依据T_d,Γ的生理范围，也就是T_d∈[0,0.15](单位：秒)，Γ∈[0,1]，以间隔ΔT_d＝5×10^-3,ΔΓ＝5×10^-2生成(T_d,Γ)对；4)测量肱动脉或桡动脉处随时间变化的压力波形p_r(t)；5)通过公式T-0.4(1-e^-2T),计算中心动脉压波形对应的舒张期区间，其中T＝60/HR，HR是每分钟心跳次数；6)每一个(T_d,Γ)对，根据公式：Specifically, the specific steps of the Tube-Load method include: 1) Establish a Tube-Load model as shown in Figure 4, wherein p _c (t) is the pressure of the central arterial pressure changing with time, and T _d is the pulse wave from the central arterial inlet The propagation time from the position to the measurement point (radial artery), Z _c is the characteristic impedance of the artery, and R is the peripheral resistance; 2) according to the formula

Calculate the pulse wave reflection coefficient; 3) According to the physiological range of T _d , Γ, that is, T _d ∈ [0,0.15] (unit: second), Γ ∈ [0,1], with an interval of ΔT _d =5×10 ^{- 3} , ΔΓ=5×10 ^-2 to generate (T _d ,Γ) pairs; 4) Measure the pressure waveform p _r (t) at the brachial artery or radial artery over time; 5) Through the formula T-0.4(1-e ^-2T ), calculate the diastolic interval corresponding to the central arterial pressure waveform, where T=60/HR, HR is the number of heartbeats per minute; 6) for each (T _d ,Γ) pair, according to the formula:

Calculate the corresponding central arterial pressure waveform and smooth it through a low-pass filter; 7) For each pair of (T _d , Γ) calculated and smoothed central arterial pressure waveform, the pressure corresponding to the diastolic interval is logarithmically transformed, and passed Linear regression fits a straight line, and records the fitting errors of all (T _d ,Γ) pairs; 8) The central arterial pressure waveform with the smallest fitting error is the final waveform.

In an embodiment of the present application, according to at least one of the above-mentioned brachial artery pressure, the above-mentioned radial artery pressure, and the above-mentioned carotid artery pressure, the above-mentioned central arterial pressure is calculated by using the transfer function method, including: collecting carotid artery pressure waveform and radial artery pressure Pressure waveform; according to the above-mentioned carotid artery pressure waveform and the above-mentioned radial artery pressure waveform, construct a narrow-sense transfer function from the radial artery to the carotid artery; average the above-mentioned narrow-sense transfer functions to obtain a generalized transfer function; use the above-mentioned generalized transfer function to calculate Out of the above central arterial pressure.

Specifically, the specific steps of using the transfer function method include: 1) collecting the carotid artery pressure waveform and the brachial (radial) artery pressure waveform set; 2) constructing a personal transfer function y(t )+a ₁ y(t-1)+...+a _na y(t-na)＝b ₁ u(t-nk)+...+b _nb u(t-nb-nk+1)+e(t) , where na, nb are the order of the model, nk is the time delay of the model, e(t) is the white noise disturbance, u(t) is the input radial artery pressure, y(t) is the output carotid artery pressure; 3 ) averages the personal transfer function in all measured data sets, and finally obtains a generalized transfer function (generalized transfer function), which can be applied to the clinically measured brachial artery blood pressure waveform to obtain the central arterial pressure waveform.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a device for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators. It should be noted that the device for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators in the embodiment of the present application can be used to implement the method for obtaining Methods for Coronary Artery Functional Indicators. The following is an introduction to the device for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the device includes:

A first acquisition unit 10, configured to acquire image data of blood vessels to be measured;

The second acquisition unit 20 is configured to acquire the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by using a non-invasive measurement method;

The first determining unit 30 is configured to determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured at least according to the image data and the central arterial pressure;

The second determination unit 40 is configured to determine the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and the flow velocity.

Specifically, the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured can be obtained by means of non-invasive measurement such as ultrasonic detection, nuclear magnetic detection, and a blood pressure measuring instrument capable of recording waveforms.

Specifically, the above image data includes at least one of the following: CTA image, CTP image, DSA image, OCT image and IVUS image. Certainly, the image data may also be other types of image data besides CTA images, CTP images, DSA images, OCT images and IVUS images.

Specifically, the aforementioned functional indicators include at least one of the following: FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS. Of course, the functional indicators may also be other types of functional indicators other than FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS.

In the above solution, the first acquisition unit acquires the image data of the blood vessel to be measured, the second acquisition unit acquires the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by a non-invasive measurement method, and the first determination unit at least determines the blood vessel to be measured according to the image data and the central arterial pressure The first determination unit determines the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and flow velocity, and realizes the non-invasive and accurate detection of the physiological and functional index of the coronary artery.

In an embodiment of the present application, the second acquisition unit includes a first acquisition unit and a first calculation unit, and the first acquisition unit is used to acquire brachial artery pressure, radial artery pressure, and carotid artery pressure by using the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method; the first The calculation unit is used to calculate the central arterial pressure according to at least one of the brachial artery pressure, the radial artery pressure, and the carotid artery pressure. Specifically, the brachial artery pressure waveform, the radial artery pressure waveform, and the carotid artery pressure waveform can be acquired in a non-invasive measurement manner, and then the above-mentioned central Arterial pressure for accurate central arterial pressure.

In an embodiment of the present application, the second acquisition unit further includes a second acquisition module, a first determination module, a second calculation module, a third acquisition module, a second determination module, an optimization module and a third determination module, the second The obtaining module is used to obtain the parameter set of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured, and the above-mentioned parameter set includes geometric information, arterial inlet flow, outlet boundary model and blood vessel elasticity model; the first determination module is used to determine the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model according to the above-mentioned parameter set; the second The second calculation module is used to calculate the first pressure waveform at the measurement point according to the above-mentioned one-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and the above-mentioned measurement point includes the radial artery and the brachial artery; the third acquisition module is used for the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method to obtain the second pressure waveform at the above-mentioned measurement point. Pressure waveform, the above-mentioned non-invasive measurement method includes ultrasonic method and nuclear magnetic method; the second determination module is used for the target difference, and the above-mentioned target difference is the difference between the above-mentioned first pressure waveform and the above-mentioned second pressure waveform; the optimization module is used according to the above-mentioned The target difference optimizes the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model to obtain the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model; the third determination module is used to determine the central arterial pressure based on the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model. Both the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform in this embodiment are pressure waveforms in the time domain, that is, the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform contain timing information. Compared with the radial artery pressure or The brachial artery pressure is only a pressure value scheme. Compared with the method of obtaining an average arterial pressure using a commonly used empirical formula in the prior art (accuracy has nothing to do with timing), the scheme of the present application is a time-series waveform, so that The determined central arterial pressure is more accurate; the accuracy of the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured is further ensured.

In an embodiment of the present application, the optimization module is further configured to update each parameter in the above-mentioned parameter set when the above-mentioned target difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, until the above-mentioned target difference is less than the above-mentioned predetermined value; according to The updated above parameter set determines the optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model. That is, by continuously adjusting each parameter in the parameter set until the target difference is smaller than the above predetermined value, it is determined that the one-dimensional fluid dynamics model at this time is closer to the real vascular fluid dynamics model when the target difference is smaller, so It is more accurate to determine the above-mentioned central arterial pressure based on the above-mentioned optimized one-dimensional fluid dynamics model.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first determination unit includes a fourth determination module, a fifth determination module, a construction module and a sixth determination module, the fourth determination module is used to determine the geometric model of blood vessels according to the above image data; the fifth determination The module is used to determine the pressure at the entrance of the blood vessel to be measured according to the central arterial pressure; the construction module is used to construct a 3D coronary CFD model of the blood vessel to be measured according to the geometric model of the blood vessel and the pressure at the entrance of the blood vessel to be measured; The sixth determination module is used to determine the internal pressure and the flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured according to the 3D coronary artery CFD model.

The device for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators includes a processor and a memory, and the above-mentioned first obtaining unit, second obtaining unit, first determining unit, and second determining unit are all stored in the memory as program units and executed by the processor The above-mentioned program units stored in the memory realize corresponding functions.

The processor includes a kernel, and the kernel fetches corresponding program units from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and accurate coronary artery functional indicators can be obtained by adjusting kernel parameters.

Memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), memory includes at least one memory chip.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to perform the acquiring coronary artery Methods for Functional Indicators.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the method for acquiring functional indexes of coronary arteries is executed when the program is running.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a device. The device includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, at least the following steps are implemented:

Step S101, acquiring image data of blood vessels to be measured;

Step S102, using a non-invasive measurement method to obtain the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured;

Step S103, at least according to the above-mentioned image data and the above-mentioned central arterial pressure, determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured;

Step S104, according to the above-mentioned internal pressure and the above-mentioned flow velocity, determine the functional index of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured.

The devices in this article can be servers, PCs, PADs, mobile phones, etc.

The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is adapted to execute a program initialized with at least the following method steps:

Step S101, acquiring image data of blood vessels to be measured;

Step S102, using a non-invasive measurement method to obtain the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured;

Step S103, at least according to the above-mentioned image data and the above-mentioned central arterial pressure, determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured;

Step S104, according to the above-mentioned internal pressure and the above-mentioned flow velocity, determine the functional index of the above-mentioned blood vessel to be measured.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

Memory may include non-permanent storage in computer readable media, in the form of random access memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as read only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can be implemented by any method or technology for storage of information. Information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Flash memory or other memory technology, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cartridge, tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media excludes transitory computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

It should also be noted that the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes Other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus are also included. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application have achieved the following technical effects:

1), the method for obtaining functional indicators of coronary arteries in the present application, obtains the image data of the blood vessel to be measured, and obtains the central artery pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by a non-invasive measurement method, and then determines the blood pressure to be measured based on at least the image data and the central artery pressure. The internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel, and then determine the functional indicators of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and flow velocity, and realize the non-invasive and accurate detection of the physiological and functional indicators of the coronary artery.

2) In the device for obtaining coronary artery functional indicators of the present application, the first obtaining unit obtains the image data of the blood vessel to be measured, and the second obtaining unit uses a non-invasive measurement method to obtain the central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured, and the first determining unit at least according to The image data and central arterial pressure determine the internal pressure and flow velocity of the blood vessel to be measured, and the first determination unit determines the functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and flow velocity, realizing the non-invasive and accurate detection of the physiological and functional index of the coronary artery .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for obtaining a functional indicator of coronary arteries, comprising:

a first acquisition unit for acquiring image data of a blood vessel to be measured;

a second acquisition unit for acquiring a central arterial pressure of the blood vessel to be measured by a non-invasive measurement method;

a first determination unit for determining the internal pressure and flow rate of the blood vessel to be measured at least according to the image data and the central artery pressure;

the second determining unit is used for determining a functional index of the blood vessel to be measured according to the internal pressure and the flow speed;

the second acquisition unit further comprises a second acquisition module, a first determination module, a second calculation module, a third acquisition module, a second determination module, an optimization module and a third determination module,

the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a parameter set of the blood vessel to be measured, wherein the parameter set comprises geometric information, arterial inlet flow, an outlet boundary model and a blood vessel elastic model;

the first determination module is used for determining a one-dimensional fluid mechanics model according to the parameter set;

the second calculation module is used for calculating a first pressure waveform at a measuring point according to the one-dimensional fluid mechanics model, and the measuring point comprises a radial artery and a brachial artery;

the third acquisition module is used for acquiring a second pressure waveform at the measuring point by using the non-invasive measurement method, wherein the non-invasive measurement method comprises an ultrasonic method and a nuclear magnetic method;

the second determination module is configured to determine a target difference value, where the target difference value is a difference value between the first pressure waveform and the second pressure waveform;

the optimization module is used for optimizing the one-dimensional fluid mechanics model according to the target difference value to obtain an optimized one-dimensional fluid mechanics model;

the third determination module is configured to determine the central artery pressure based on the optimized one-dimensional fluid mechanics model.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second obtaining unit comprises a first obtaining unit and a first calculating unit:

the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring brachial artery pressure, radial artery pressure and carotid artery pressure by utilizing the non-invasive measurement method;

the first calculating unit is used for calculating the central arterial pressure according to at least one of the brachial artery pressure, the radial artery pressure and the carotid artery pressure.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising:

the optimization module is further configured to update each parameter in the parameter set until the target difference is smaller than a predetermined value when the target difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined value;

the optimization module is further configured to determine an optimized one-dimensional fluid mechanics model according to the updated set of parameters.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first determination unit comprises a fourth determination module, a fifth determination module, a construction module, and a sixth determination module:

the fourth determining module is used for determining a geometric model of the blood vessel according to the image data;

the fifth determining module is used for determining the pressure at the inlet of the blood vessel to be measured according to the central artery pressure;

the construction module is used for constructing a 3D coronary CFD model of the blood vessel to be measured according to the geometric model of the blood vessel and the pressure at the inlet of the blood vessel to be measured;

the sixth determination module is configured to determine the internal pressure and the flow rate of the vessel to be measured from the 3D coronary CFD model.

5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the image data comprises at least one of:

CTA images, CTP images, DSA images, OCT images, and IVUS images.

6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the functional indicator comprises at least one of:

FFR, iFR, RFR, IMR and WSS.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls the apparatus of any one of claims 1-6 in which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform a method of obtaining a functional indicator of coronary arteries.

8. A processor for executing a program, wherein the program is executed to cause the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6 to perform the method for obtaining a coronary functional index.

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