Self-calibration-based automatic testing device for comprehensive characteristics of mutual inductor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive characteristic testing of mutual inductors, in particular to a self-calibration-based automatic comprehensive characteristic testing device of a mutual inductor.
Background
Many factors can cause overvoltage to occur in power systems. However, the most harmful to the power system is the overvoltage caused by ferroresonance, and the overvoltage caused by ferroresonance occurs the most frequently. Because the nonlinear characteristic of the iron core inductance enables a large amount of low-order harmonics to be generated in the inrush current, once the frequency of the harmonic component in the inrush current is close to the natural frequency of the oscillating circuit, serious overvoltage is generated, and the overvoltage and the power frequency voltage are superposed to form saturated overvoltage in a loop. The overvoltage occurrence not only seriously endangers life, but also directly causes equipment damage to cause power failure accidents. Ferromagnetic resonance is easy to occur when a ground fault or alarm operation occurs, and once ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage occurs, overcurrent occurs because an electromagnetic voltage transformer as a nonlinear element can form a very large capacitance to ground between the bus, thereby forming a resonant circuit.
In order to avoid this phenomenon, it is necessary to take some measures to prevent the occurrence of ferromagnetic resonance. However, different measures have respective advantages and disadvantages, and clear analysis is needed to find the range and the limitation of the measures so as to improve the performance of the equipment, so that the method has very important application value.
In the national standard, 2 methods of alternating current and direct current are recommended for determining the excitation characteristics of the iron core. At present, mutual inductor manufacturers often adopt an alternating current method to measure the relationship between the secondary turn-linkage flux of the TA and the exciting current. The main disadvantages of the communication method are: the 50 Hz power frequency can cause the winding and the secondary terminal to bear overvoltage, therefore, the test is limited by the insulation level of the winding and the power frequency, a low-frequency generator or other high-voltage frequency conversion equipment which can generate low-frequency sine wave voltage is needed during measurement, and the whole test system is heavy. The traditional analog effective value meter is generally effective to a standard sine wave, and when the signal waveform is distorted, the reading is not a real effective value at the moment, and the root mean square error is replaced by the reading which is relatively large. In addition, the accuracy is low because the number of the plotting curve points is small due to visual inspection.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a self-calibration-based automatic testing device for the comprehensive characteristics of a transformer, which can automatically complete the volt-ampere characteristics or excitation characteristics of a current transformer or a voltage transformer according to configuration parameters to measure the direct current resistance of a transformer coil, output the required excitation current according to the induced potential of a tested iron core, and draw a volt-ampere characteristic or excitation characteristic curve according to the induced potential and the excitation current.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mutual inductor comprehensive characteristic automatic testing device based on self calibration comprises a program-controlled current source, a boosting current booster, a switching module, a divider resistor selection module, a voltage sampling module, a current sampling module, a data processing module and a man-machine interaction module;
the program-controlled current source is used for receiving a control instruction of the data processing module and outputting a direct current or alternating current signal according to the control instruction;
the current boost device is used for receiving a current signal output by the programmable current source and boosting the current signal, and the current boost device is provided with a plurality of output terminals;
the switching module is used for switching the output terminal of the boost current booster, switching to the corresponding output terminal of the boost current booster according to the control instruction of the data processing module, and connecting the terminal signal with the output end of the automatic comprehensive characteristic testing device of the mutual inductor for the use of the mutual inductor to be tested;
the voltage dividing resistor selection module is connected with an output terminal of the boost current booster and used for selecting a voltage dividing resistor loop, selecting a voltage dividing resistor with a proper proportion according to a control instruction of the data processing module, and sending a signal after voltage division to the voltage sampling module;
the voltage sampling module is used for digitizing the input voltage signal, starting sampling according to a control instruction of the data processing module and sending the digitized signal to the data processing module;
the current sampling module is used for digitizing the current signal of the output loop, starting sampling according to a control instruction of the data processing module and sending the digitized signal to the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for controlling the output of the program-controlled current source, controlling the switching module to switch the gear of the boost current booster, controlling the divider resistor selection module to select a proper voltage division ratio, controlling the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module to start the sampling of voltage and current signals at the same time, receiving the data of the sampling module, processing the data to obtain the true effective values of the loop voltage and the current, analyzing the data obtained by continuous sampling to obtain the comprehensive characteristic result parameters of the tested mutual inductor, and transmitting the result parameters to the human-computer interaction module for display;
the man-machine interaction module is used for parameter configuration and result display of the data processing module, an operator fills in test parameters in the man-machine interaction module, the man-machine interaction module transmits the test parameters to the data processing module to start testing, the man-machine interaction module displays data transmitted by the data processing module, draws a volt-ampere characteristic curve, an excitation characteristic curve and an error curve, displays related parameters at an appointed position of an interaction interface, and stores and uploads results.
Furthermore, the boosting booster has different boosting and boosting proportions at different output terminals.
Furthermore, the program-controlled current source consists of a large-capacity program-controlled electrician source or a program-controlled electron source and a large-current direct current source, the data processing module outputs a corresponding control instruction according to the type of the program-controlled current source, and the program-controlled current source outputs a direct current signal or an alternating current signal according to the control instruction.
Furthermore, the boost booster adopts a multi-gear high-capacity boost booster, and the maximum output voltage is 3000V or 100A current, and is used for boosting the alternating current signal output by the program control current source.
Furthermore, the switching module is composed of a switching control circuit which takes a relay with the impedance of <100 milliohms and the withstand voltage of >3000V as a core.
Furthermore, the divider resistor selection module is composed of a resistor and a switching circuit.
Furthermore, the voltage sampling module adopts a broadband and high-precision 24-bit ADC chip as a core device, and a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit is formed by matching with a program control amplification circuit and a differential circuit.
Furthermore, the current sampling module adopts a broadband and high-precision 24-bit ADC chip as a core device, and a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit is formed by matching with a program control amplification circuit and a differential circuit.
Furthermore, the data processing module adopts an FPGA chip and an ARM chip to form a core control and data processing module.
Furthermore, the man-machine interaction module adopts a windows operating system and a touch display screen.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to an integrated exciting current induced potential automatic analysis and measurement device, which can automatically complete the volt-ampere characteristic or excitation characteristic test of a current transformer or a voltage transformer according to configuration parameters, can measure the direct current resistance of a transformer coil, outputs required exciting current according to the induced potential of a measured iron core, draws a volt-ampere characteristic or excitation characteristic curve according to the induced potential and the exciting current, calculates parameters such as inflection points, error curves, power loss and the like according to the characteristic curve and the direct current resistance, and has the functions of data storage and automatic uploading.
Drawings
For a better understanding of the technical features of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic testing device for comprehensive characteristics of a transformer based on self-calibration.
Detailed Description
To better describe the technical objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows an automatic testing apparatus for comprehensive characteristics of a transformer, which includes a programmable current source, a boost current booster, a switching module, a divider resistor selection module, a voltage sampling module, a current sampling module, a data processing module, and a human-computer interaction module.
The program-controlled current source: the high-capacity programmable power supply comprises a common high-capacity programmable electrical source or a programmable electron source and a high-current direct current source in the market, wherein the data processing module outputs a corresponding control instruction according to the type of the programmable current source, and the programmable current source outputs a direct current signal or an alternating current signal according to the control instruction.
The current rising booster: a multi-gear high-capacity current boosting booster is adopted, 3000V voltage or 100A current can be output to the maximum extent, and the multi-gear high-capacity current boosting booster is used for boosting the current of an alternating current signal output by the program control current source.
The switching module: the device consists of a switching control circuit which takes a relay with low impedance and high voltage resistance as a core and is used for switching an output terminal of the boost current booster, switching to a corresponding output terminal of the boost current booster according to a control instruction of the data processing module, and connecting a signal of the terminal to the output end of the device for the use of a tested mutual inductor.
The divider resistance selection module: the voltage divider is composed of a high-precision, high-impedance and high-voltage-resistant resistor and a switching circuit, and is used for selecting a voltage dividing resistor loop, selecting a voltage dividing resistor with a proper proportion according to a control instruction of the data processing module, and sending a signal after voltage division to the voltage sampling module.
The voltage sampling module is characterized in that: a broadband and high-precision 24-bit ADC chip is used as a core device, and is matched with auxiliary circuits such as a program control amplification circuit, a differential circuit and the like to form a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit, so that the high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for digitizing input voltage signals, starting sampling according to a control instruction of a data processing module, and sending the digitized signals to the data processing module.
The current sampling module: a broadband and high-precision 24-bit ADC chip is used as a core device, and is matched with auxiliary circuits such as a program control amplification circuit, a differential circuit and the like to form a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit, so that the high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for digitizing current signals of an output circuit, starting sampling according to control signals of a data processing module, and sending the digitized signals back to the data processing module.
The data processing module: a core control and data processing module is formed by adopting a high-performance FPGA chip of Intel corporation and an ARM chip of Italian semiconductor corporation; the device is used for controlling the output of a program-controlled current source, controlling a switching module to switch gears of a boosting current booster, controlling a divider resistor selection module to select a proper voltage division ratio, controlling a voltage sampling module and a current sampling module to start sampling of voltage and current signals simultaneously, receiving data of the sampling module, processing the data to obtain the true and effective state of loop voltage and current, analyzing the data obtained by continuous sampling to obtain comprehensive characteristic result parameters of a mutual inductor, and transmitting the result to a human-computer interaction module for display.
The man-machine interaction module: the system adopts a windows operating system, a 10-inch high-resolution touch display screen has rich man-machine interaction interfaces, display information is rich, and the system can be used for parameter configuration and result display, an operator fills in test parameters in a man-machine interaction module, the man-machine interaction module transmits the parameters to a data processing module to start testing, the man-machine interaction module displays the data transmitted by the data processing module and draws results such as a volt-ampere characteristic curve, an excitation characteristic curve, an error curve and the like, and the system has the functions of storing and uploading the results to an MES (manufacturing enterprise production process execution management system).
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the human-computer interaction module is used for configuring the type, the rated voltage or the rated current value of the mutual inductor or directly downloading parameters from an MES system, and the human-computer interaction module sends configuration information to the data processing module through a serial port;
the data processing module controls the program-controlled current source module to output a direct current signal according to the configuration information, the direct current generates voltage drop at two ends of the mutual inductor after passing through the mutual inductor to be tested, the voltage drop is collected by the voltage sampling module, and the current is collected by the current sampling module;
the voltage sampling module converts the acquired voltage signal into a proportional digital signal and transmits the proportional digital signal to the data processing module through a data bus;
the current sampling module converts the current signal into a digital signal with a corresponding proportion, and the digital signal is transmitted to the data processing module through a data bus;
the data processing module obtains the resistance value of the tested transformer through calculation, and automatically adjusts the output current value according to the result, so that the tested transformer is in the optimal state, and the resistance testing precision is improved;
after the data processing module tests the resistance, the configuration information of the alternating current signal is sent to the control program-controlled current source through the data bus;
the program-controlled current source outputs an alternating current signal to the boosting current booster module according to the configuration information;
the boosting current booster module amplifies the power of the alternating current signal and outputs the alternating current signal to the tested mutual inductor;
the voltage acquisition module acquires voltage values at two ends of the tested mutual inductor, converts the voltage values into digital quantity with a corresponding proportion at a proper sampling rate, and sends the digital quantity to the data processing module through a data bus;
the current acquisition module acquires the current value flowing through the tested mutual inductor, converts the current value into digital quantity with a corresponding proportion at a proper sampling rate, and transmits the digital quantity to the data processing module through a data bus;
the data processing module performs integral operation on the data of the whole period according to the sampling rate to obtain corresponding voltage and current effective values; calculating results such as errors and power loss according to the calculated voltage, current and resistance values, and transmitting result data to a human-computer interaction module;
and the man-machine interaction module receives the data of the data processing module, draws a comprehensive characteristic curve and an error curve on the interaction interface, displays the related parameters at the designated position of the interface, and simultaneously uploads the result to the MES system.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.