CN113026903A

CN113026903A - Precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure and construction and measuring method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113026903A
Application number: CN202110405598.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨家宽; 金攀; 武艳; 关文义; 虞文波; 卞士杰; 朱磊; 王松林; 袁书珊; 肖可可; 吴莉鑫; 赖昌飞; 杨钊; 刘冰川; 梁莎; 胡敬平; 侯慧杰
Original assignee: Anhui Guozhen Environmental Sanitation Technology Co ltd; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui Guozhen Environmental Sanitation Technology Co ltd; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-15
Also published as: CN113026903B

Abstract

The invention discloses a precipitation infiltration measurement structure and a construction and measurement method thereof, and relates to the technical field of domestic waste treatment. In the pit dug on the ground, its edge extends to the outside of the pit, the domestic garbage is stacked in the pit, above the impermeable layer, and the bottom of the pit is opened with a blind ditch under the impermeable layer , the blind trench is filled with gravel to form the unit stack. The present invention is constructed near the landfill where facilities need to be constructed, to maximize the reproduction of the climate, meteorology, geology, organic matter, water content of waste, rainfall and other conditions at the site of the landfill site selection, and to accurately obtain different rainfall and different waste treatment processes. Based on the actual output of landfill leachate under the conditions, we can guide the design and construction of landfill facilities with accurate data, improve the accuracy of design, and reasonably reduce the construction cost of facility construction.

Description

Precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure and construction and measuring method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure, a construction method of the structure and a method for measuring precipitation infiltration capacity by using the structure.

Background

The household garbage is solid waste generated in daily life or activities for providing services for the daily life, and the simple landfill is a household garbage treatment mode with low cost and easy maintenance and operation. In the simple landfill process of the household garbage, garbage leachate which is easy to cause secondary pollution to water, soil and atmosphere is generated, so that the garbage leachate is strictly needed to be carried out in a sanitary landfill.

At present, the design and construction of treatment facilities in sanitary landfills are guided by the leachate yield calculated by the percolation coefficient method, which has the following formula:

wherein Q is leachate yield, In is rainfall, A₁For catchment area of landfill work area, C₁For the buried work area bleeding coefficient, A₂For the catchment area of the intermediate coverage area, C₂For the middle coverage bleed coefficient, A₃For the catchment area of the final coverage area, C₃The end field coverage area bleed coefficient.

In actual use, each bleeding coefficient should be set according to the recommendation in engineering specifications, and the influence on the calculation result is great. However, the seepage coefficient range given in the engineering specification is too wide, and the method cannot be accurately applied to different conditions of different regions, so that the calculated garbage leachate yield is greatly different from the actual garbage leachate yield. Once the actual output of landfill leachate exceeds the amount that can be handled by the landfill facility, serious environmental pollution is caused, and therefore, the actual construction can only be carried out by adding a large deviation allowance value on the basis of the calculation result to ensure that the handling capacity of the landfill facility meets the actual requirement, which undoubtedly and unreasonably increases the construction cost of the landfill facility.

By prior art search, there are the following known solutions:

prior art 1:

zhang Pan, wait, landfill, leachate yield prediction research [ J ]. environmental engineering.2017, 35:73-76.

The prior art researches the percolate generation amount of landfill sites in different climatic regions in China, mainly introduces the influence of rainfall and the water content of garbage on the percolate output of the landfill sites, theoretically optimizes a prediction formula of the percolate output of the landfill sites, but the document does not carry out actual experiments on the landfill sites, does not fit the formula by using actual data, and does not research the influence of the rainfall after film covering on the percolate of the landfill sites.

Prior art 2:

yana, et al, our country landfill leachate yield influence factor analysis and estimation method constructs [ J ]. China environmental science 2015,35(8): 2452-2459

The prior art introduces a leachate yield estimation method and predicts the subsequent leachate yield by a model method. The technology summarizes the seepage coefficient values of the refuse landfill in different areas in China. However, no specific collection and evaluation method for landfill leachate is proposed; meanwhile, the difference between the garbage leachate yield predicted by the model and the actual yield is 5-50%. Therefore, the actual landfill work cannot be well guided.

Through the search, the novelty of the invention is not influenced by the prior art; and the combination of the above prior arts with each other does not destroy the inventive step of the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure and a construction and measuring method thereof in order to avoid the defects of the prior art.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems: a rainfall infiltration measuring structure comprises a leachate guide and drainage structure and at least one unit stack body; the anti-seepage layer is laid in a pit dug in the ground, the edge of the anti-seepage layer extends out of the pit, the household garbage is piled in the pit and is positioned above the anti-seepage layer, a blind ditch is arranged at the bottom in the pit and below the anti-seepage layer, and gravel is filled in the blind ditch to form the unit pile body; the percolate drainage guide pipe is a perforated floral pipe, the tail end of the percolate drainage guide pipe is communicated with the percolate collecting barrel, and a valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the percolate drainage guide pipe to form the percolate drainage guide structure;

the number of the percolate guide and drainage structures is set corresponding to the number of the unit stacks, the front ends of the percolate guide and drainage pipes are embedded in the corresponding blind ditches in a full-length mode, and the blind ditches are obliquely arranged from one end far away from the drainage grooves to one end close to the drainage grooves from high to low; the ground is also provided with a rain gauge and a drainage groove, and the percolate collecting barrel is arranged in the drainage groove.

Furthermore, the impermeable layer comprises two layers of geotextile and an impermeable membrane arranged between the two layers of geotextile, and the edge of the impermeable membrane is fixed by the wooden piles nailed into the ground.

Furthermore, a barrel cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the top of the percolate collecting barrel, a submersible pump is arranged in the drainage tank, and a floating ball switch is arranged on the submersible pump.

Furthermore, the number of the unit piles is two, and a covering film is laid on the top of the domestic garbage of any one unit pile.

A method for building a precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure is used for building the precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure and comprises the following steps:

step one, excavating a unit stack: selecting an area with higher terrain, easy excavation and stable side slope, excavating two wedge-shaped pits with large upper parts and small lower parts on the ground, and then compacting the bottoms of the pits to ensure that the bottoms of the pits are inclined planes with slopes;

step two, constructing an impervious layer: performing anti-seepage treatment on the bottom surface and the side wall of the pit, sequentially laying a lower layer of geotextile, an anti-seepage film and an upper layer of geotextile from bottom to top to form an anti-seepage layer with the edge extending to the ground outside the pit, and then constructing each timber pile along the edge of the anti-seepage layer to anchor the edge of the anti-seepage layer with the ground;

step three, paving a guide row structure: a blind ditch with the same gradient as the bottom surface of the pit is arranged at the bottom of the pit, a percolate drainage guide pipe wrapped with geotextile is arranged in the blind ditch, and gravel is filled in the blind ditch;

then, arranging a percolate collecting barrel in the drainage groove, and communicating the tail end of the percolate guide and drainage pipe with the percolate collecting barrel;

the percolate guide and discharge pipe is provided with an exposed valve and an exposed flowmeter;

step four, setting a drainage structure: fixing a submersible pump with a float switch at the bottom in the drainage tank, and arranging a rain gauge in a measurement structure area;

step five, filling garbage: filling domestic garbage into the pits, wherein the top of the domestic garbage is leveled, and the periphery of the domestic garbage is in a slope shape;

step six, mulching a film on the top of the garbage: and covering a covering film on the top of the domestic garbage filled in any pit, wherein the periphery of the covering film is fixed by pressing blocks, and the construction is finished.

Furthermore, the pits are dug on the existing landfill garbage dump body or in an area within 50m from the landfill.

Furthermore, the depth of the pits is 1 m-5 m, and the effective storage capacity is 20m³～100m³The slope of the bottom surface is greater than 0.02 and less than 0.1, and the slope is greater than 1:3 and less than 1: 1; the height of the household garbage is 1.5-5.5 m, the height of the top of the household garbage exceeding the ground is 0.5-1 m, and the gradient of the periphery of the household garbage is 1: 2-1: 5.

Further, the leachate guiding and draining pipe is a PE pipe, the particle size of the gravel is 20-60 mm, the impermeable membrane and the covering membrane are HDPE membranes, scales are arranged on the leachate collecting barrel, the valve is a ball valve, the flowmeter is a rotary wing type water meter flowmeter, and the rain gauge is a direct-reading rain gauge.

A method for measuring the infiltration amount of rainfall by a structure for measuring the infiltration amount of rainfall comprises the following steps:

step one, judging weather conditions, and executing step three when the daily precipitation is judged to be larger than a set precipitation control value in advance, or executing step two;

step two, opening two valves at t₀After the time, the two percolate collecting barrels are respectively collected and recorded₀The amount of the garbage leachate collected in the garbage leachate collecting tank is two, and if precipitation exists, the corresponding record t of the rainfall meter is used for detecting the water quality of the garbage leachate in the leachate collecting tank₀The precipitation in the interior;

subsequently, step four is carried out;

step three, closing two valves at t₀After time, t is acquired and recorded by a rain gauge₀The precipitation in, is respectively two landfill leachate collection volume of filtration liquid collecting vessel carries out batching collection record, and carries out two respectively landfill leachate's in the filtration liquid collecting vessel water quality testing, the batching collection record of the landfill leachate collection volume of single filtration liquid collecting vessel is gone on according to following process:

opening a valve to enable the landfill leachate generated by the corresponding unit stack body to flow into a leachate collecting barrel along a leachate guide and discharge pipe, closing the valve when the leachate collecting barrel is nearly full of the landfill leachate collected, collecting and recording the quantity of the landfill leachate collected by the leachate collecting barrel at the moment, emptying the leachate collecting barrel, completing single collection and obtaining the collection quantity of the landfill leachate collected at a single time;

repeatedly carrying out single collection until the garbage percolate does not continuously flow into the percolate collecting barrel, and carrying out each single collectionAdding the collection amount of the landfill leachate to obtain t₀The amount of the landfill leachate which should be actually collected by the leachate collecting tank;

and step four, checking whether the acquired and recorded data volume meets the requirements:

if the data quantity meets the requirement, performing a fifth step;

otherwise, carrying out the step one;

and fifthly, the collected and recorded data is sorted and analyzed to obtain the influence of rainfall on the change rule of the output and the water quality of the percolate, and the construction of the landfill and the formulation of the landfill garbage treatment process are guided according to the influence of the rainfall on the change rule of the output and the water quality of the percolate.

Further, the precipitation amount control value in the step one is 25 mm.

The invention provides a precipitation infiltration quantity measuring structure and a construction and measuring method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. the method is built near the landfill site needing facilities, the conditions of climate, weather, geology, organic matters, garbage water content, rainfall and the like of the site selection site of the landfill site are reproduced to the maximum extent, the actual output of the garbage percolate under different rainfall and different garbage treatment process conditions is accurately obtained, the guidance of design and construction of the landfill site facilities is carried out according to accurate data, the design accuracy is improved, and the construction cost of the facility construction is reasonably reduced;

2. the invention is provided with a plurality of unit stacks, each unit stack can be used as a relatively independent experimental unit, and the comparative study on the influence of different garbage treatment processes on the output and the water quality of the garbage percolate is convenient to carry out;

3. the submerged pump with the float switch is arranged in the drainage tank, so that the drainage problem in a rainstorm area can be solved, the liquid in the drainage tank is prevented from flowing back to the percolate collecting barrel, and the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a left side sectional structural schematic view of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a unit pile body 11, pits 12, an impermeable layer 13, domestic garbage 14, a covering film 15, wooden piles 16 and blind ditches; 2. the leachate guiding and discharging structure 21, a leachate guiding and discharging pipe 22, a valve 23, a flowmeter 24 and a leachate collecting barrel; 3. a rain gauge; 4. a drainage groove 41 and a submersible pump.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the structural relationship is as follows: comprises a percolate guide and drainage structure 2 and at least one unit stack body 1; the impermeable layer 12 is laid in a pit 11 dug on the ground, the edge of the impermeable layer extends out of the pit 11, the domestic garbage 13 is piled in the pit 11 and is positioned above the impermeable layer 12, a blind ditch 16 is arranged at the bottom in the pit 11 and below the impermeable layer 13, and gravel is filled in the blind ditch 16 to form a unit pile body 1; the percolate drainage guide pipe 21 is a perforated floral pipe, the tail end of the percolate drainage guide pipe is communicated with a percolate collecting barrel 24, and a valve 22 and a flowmeter 23 are arranged on the percolate drainage guide pipe 21 to form a percolate drainage guide structure 2;

the number of the percolate guide and drainage structures 2 is corresponding to the number of the unit stacks 1, the front ends of the percolate guide and drainage pipes 21 are embedded in corresponding blind ditches 16 in a full-length mode, and the blind ditches 16 are obliquely arranged from one end far away from the drainage grooves 25 to one end close to the drainage grooves 25 from high to low; the ground is also provided with a rain gauge 3 and a drainage groove 4, and the percolate collecting barrel 24 is arranged in the drainage groove 4; each unit stack 1 of the infiltration capacity measuring structure can be used as an independent experimental unit, and different unit stacks 1 can treat the domestic garbage 13 in the unit stacks according to actual conditions in different processes so as to obtain the actual garbage leachate yield under different garbage treatment process conditions.

Preferably, the impermeable layer 12 comprises two layers of geotextile and an impermeable membrane arranged between the two layers of geotextile, and the edges of the impermeable membrane are fixed by wooden piles 15 nailed into the ground.

Preferably, the top of the percolate collecting barrel 24 is provided with a barrel cover which can be opened and closed, a submersible pump 41 is arranged in the waterlogging draining groove 4, and a float switch is arranged on the submersible pump 41; in order to avoid that when the rainfall is too large, the water level in the drainage groove 4 reaches the height of the barrel cover, so that rainwater flows into the percolate collecting barrel 24 from a gap between the barrel cover and the barrel body of the percolate collecting barrel 24 to be mixed with percolate collected by the percolate collecting barrel 24, the quality of the percolate is influenced, and the accuracy of sampling and measuring results is further influenced, a submersible pump 41 with a float switch is arranged in the drainage groove 4; when the liquid level in the drainage tank 4 is close to the height of the barrel cover, the float switch is triggered, the submersible pump 41 works to discharge the liquid in the drainage tank 4 outwards, and the liquid in the drainage tank 4 is prevented from flowing into the percolate collecting barrel 24.

Preferably, the number of the unit stacks 1 is two, wherein a cover film 14 is laid on the top of the domestic garbage 13 of any one unit stack 1.

The construction method of the precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure comprises the following steps:

step one, excavating a unit stack: selecting an area with higher terrain, easy excavation and stable side slope, excavating two wedge-shaped pits 11 with large upper parts and small lower parts on the ground, and then compacting the bottoms of the pits 11 to ensure that the bottoms of the pits 11 are inclined planes with slopes;

step two, constructing an impervious layer: performing anti-seepage treatment on the bottom surface and the side wall of the pit 11, sequentially laying a lower layer of geotextile, an anti-seepage film and an upper layer of geotextile from bottom to top to form an anti-seepage layer 12 with the edge extending to the outside of the pit 11 on the ground, then constructing each wood pile 15 along the edge of the anti-seepage layer 12, and anchoring the edge of the anti-seepage layer 12 with the ground;

step three, paving a guide row structure: a blind ditch 16 with the same gradient as the bottom surface of the pit 11 is arranged at the bottom of the pit 11, a percolate drainage guide pipe 21 wrapping geotextile is arranged in the blind ditch 16, and gravel is filled in the blind ditch;

then, arranging the percolate collecting barrel 24 in the drainage groove 4, and communicating the tail end of the percolate drainage guide pipe 21 with the percolate collecting barrel 24;

the percolate drainage guide pipe 21 is provided with an exposed valve 22 and an exposed flowmeter 23;

step four, setting a drainage structure: fixing a submersible pump 41 with a float switch at the bottom in the drainage tank 4, and arranging a rain gauge 13 in a measurement structure area;

step five, filling garbage: filling domestic garbage 13 into the pit 11, wherein the top of the domestic garbage 13 is leveled and the periphery of the domestic garbage 13 is in a slope shape;

step six, mulching a film on the top of the garbage: covering a covering film 14 on the top of the domestic garbage 13 filled in any pit 11, and fixing the periphery of the covering film 14 by pressing blocks to finish construction.

Preferably, the pit 11 is dug in an area on the existing landfill dump or within 50m from the landfill site.

Preferably, the depth of the pits 11 is 1m to 5m, and the effective storage capacity is 20m³～100m³The gradient of the bottom surface is more than 0.02 and less than 0.1, and the gradient of the side slope is more than 1:3 and less than 1:1, so that percolate can be collected to the bottom of the pit 11; the height of the household garbage 13 is 1.5-5.5 m, the height of the top of the household garbage exceeding the ground is 0.5-1 m, the gradient of the periphery of the household garbage exceeds 1: 2-1: 5, and the construction cost and the collection of garbage leachate can be better considered.

Preferably, the percolate drainage guide pipe 21 is a PE pipe, the particle size of the gravel is 20-60 mm, and the impermeable membrane and the covering membrane 14 are HDPE membranes;

the leachate collecting barrel 24 is provided with scales, so that a worker can accurately acquire the daily collection amount of the landfill leachate through the scales on the leachate collecting barrel 24, can also acquire a water sample in the leachate collecting barrel 24 to perform real-time detection on the water quality index of the landfill leachate, and can know the change condition of the water quality index of the landfill leachate through multiple detections;

the valve 22 is a ball valve, the flowmeter 23 is a rotor-type water meter flowmeter, and the rain gauge 3 is a direct-reading rain gauge;

when the precipitation infiltration capacity measuring structure built by the building method is used for measuring the precipitation infiltration capacity, the method comprises the following steps:

step two, open two valves 22, at t₀After the time, the two percolate collecting barrels 24 are respectively collected and recorded₀The amount of the landfill leachate collected in the garbage leachate collecting tank is measured, and the water quality of the landfill leachate in the two leachate collecting tanks 24 is detected respectively, if precipitation exists, the corresponding record t of the rain gauge 3 is recorded₀The precipitation in the interior;

subsequently, step four is carried out;

step three, close two valves 22, at t₀After time, t is acquired and recorded by passing through a rain gauge 3₀The precipitation in, carry out batch collection record to the landfill leachate collection volume of two filtration liquid collection buckets 24 respectively to carry out landfill leachate's in two filtration liquid collection buckets 24 water quality testing respectively, the record is gathered in batch to the landfill leachate collection volume of single filtration liquid collection bucket 24, goes on according to following process:

opening the valve 22 to make the landfill leachate generated by the corresponding unit stack 1 flow into the leachate collection tank 24 along the leachate guiding and discharging pipe 21, closing the valve 22 when the leachate collected in the leachate collection tank 24 is nearly full, collecting and recording the amount of the leachate collected by the leachate collection tank 24 at the moment, then emptying the leachate collection tank 24, completing single collection and obtaining the collection amount of the leachate collected at a single time;

repeatedly carrying out single collection until the garbage percolate does not continuously flow into the percolate collecting barrel 24, and adding the collection amount of the garbage percolate collected at each single collection to obtain t₀The amount of landfill leachate that the leachate collection tank 24 should actually collect;

if the data quantity meets the requirement, performing a fifth step;

otherwise, carrying out the step one;

The leachate yield can be determined by weighing when the data are actually collected and analyzed. The accurate leachate yield information can more accurately determine the treatment capacity required by the landfill leachate treatment facility, and reasonably guide the design and construction of the landfill leachate treatment facility.

The leachate water quality indicators such as pH, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus can be analyzed according to the methods and standards described in methods for monitoring and analyzing water and wastewater (fourth edition), namely, Chinese environmental science publishers. The water quality index of the percolate is used for guiding the formulation of a landfill garbage treatment process, and the specific formulation method can refer to the technical specification of domestic garbage sanitary landfill treatment (GB 50869-2013).

Preferably, the precipitation control value in the first step is 25 mm.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precipitation infiltration measurement structure, characterized in that: it comprises a leachate guide and drainage structure (2) and at least one unit stack (1); ), its edge extends to the outside of the pit (11), the domestic garbage (13) is stacked in the pit (11), and is located above the impermeable layer (12), the pit (11) ) A blind ditch (16) is provided under the impermeable layer (13) at the inner bottom, and the blind ditch (16) is filled with gravel to form the unit stack (1); 21) is a perforated flower tube, the end of which is communicated with the leachate collection barrel (24), and the valve (22) and the flow meter (23) are arranged on the leachate drainage pipe (21) to form the leachate drainage pipe structure(2);

The number of the leachate drainage structures (2) is set corresponding to the number of the unit stacks (1), and the front ends of the leachate drainage pipes (21) are fully buried in the corresponding blind trenches (16). The blind ditch (16) is inclined from high to low from one end away from the water drainage groove (25) to the end close to the waterlogging groove (25); a rain gauge (3) is also provided on the ground and a waterlogging drainage is provided. The tank (4), the leachate collection bucket (24) is arranged in the drainage tank (4).

2 . The measurement structure for precipitation infiltration according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-seepage layer ( 12 ) comprises two layers of geotextiles and an anti-seepage membrane disposed between the two layers of the geotextiles. 3 . , the edge of which is fixed by wooden stakes (15) each nailed into the ground.

3. A precipitation infiltration measurement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the leachate collection bucket (24) is provided with a cover that can be opened and closed, and the drainage groove (4) is provided with an openable lid. There is a submersible pump (41), and a float switch is provided on the submersible pump (41).

4. A precipitation infiltration measurement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the unit stacks (1) is two, wherein any one of the unit stacks (1) contains domestic garbage (13) A cover film (14) is laid on the top.

5. A construction method of a precipitation infiltration measurement structure, for constructing the precipitation infiltration measurement structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, unit heap excavation: select an area with high terrain, easy excavation and stable slope, and excavate two pits (11) in the shape of upper and lower wedges on the ground, and then drill into the pit (11). 11) The bottom is compacted, and the bottom surface of the pit (11) is a sloped surface;

Step 2, constructing the anti-seepage layer: do anti-seepage treatment on the bottom surface and side wall of the pit (11), lay down the lower geotextile, the anti-seepage membrane and the upper geotextile sequentially from bottom to top to form the edge extending to the pit The anti-seepage layer (12) on the ground outside (11), then, construct each wooden pile (15) along the edge of the anti-seepage layer (12), and anchor the edge of the anti-seepage layer (12) to the ground ;

Step 3, laying a guide row structure: a blind ditch (16) with the same slope as the bottom surface of the pit (11) is opened at the bottom of the pit (11), and a geotextile wrap is arranged in the blind ditch (16). Leachate drain pipe (21), and filled with gravel;

Subsequently, the leachate collection bucket (24) is arranged in the drainage tank (4), and the end of the leachate drain pipe (21) is communicated with the leachate collection bucket (24);

Exposed valve (22) and flow meter (23) shall be provided on the leachate drain pipe (21);

Step 4, set up a drainage structure: fix a submersible pump (41) with a float switch on the inner bottom of the drainage tank (4), and set a rain gauge (13) in the measurement structure area;

Step 5. Garbage filling: filling the pit (11) with domestic garbage (13), the top of the domestic garbage (13) should be leveled, and the surrounding area is sloped;

Step 6, the top of the garbage is covered with a film: the top of the domestic garbage (13) filled in any one of the pits (11) is covered with a cover film (14), and the surrounding of the cover film (14) is fixed by pressing blocks, Complete construction.

6 . The construction method of a precipitation infiltration measurement structure according to claim 5 , wherein the pit ( 11 ) is dug on the existing landfill garbage dump or 50m away from the landfill. 7 . area within.

7 . The construction method of a precipitation infiltration measurement structure according to claim 5 , wherein the depth of the pit ( 11 ) is 1 m to 5 m, the effective storage capacity is 20 m ³ to 100 m ³ , and the The slope is greater than 0.02 and less than 0.1, and the slope of the side slope is greater than 1:3 and less than 1:1; the height of the household garbage (13) is 1.5m to 5.5m, the height of its top beyond the ground is 0.5m to 1m, and the surrounding slope is 1 :2～1:5.

8 . The measurement structure for precipitation infiltration according to claim 5 , wherein the leachate drainage pipe ( 21 ) is a PE pipe, the particle size of the crushed stone is 20mm to 60mm, and the The impermeable membrane and the covering membrane (14) are HDPE membranes, and the leachate collection bucket (24) is provided with a scale; the valve (22) is a ball valve, and the flowmeter (23) is a rotary-wing water meter flowmeter , the rain gauge (3) is a direct-reading rain gauge.

9. A method for measuring precipitation infiltration, for measuring precipitation infiltration through the precipitation infiltration measurement structure constructed by the construction method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, judging weather conditions, when the predicted precipitation of the day is greater than the set precipitation control value, execute step 3, otherwise execute step 2;

Step 2, open two valves (22), after time _t0 , collect and record the amount of landfill leachate collected in the two leachate collection buckets (24) within _t0 , and carry out the two leachate collection steps respectively. In the water quality inspection of the landfill leachate in the filtrate collection bucket (24), if there is precipitation, the precipitation amount within t ₀ shall be recorded correspondingly through the rain gauge (3);

Then, proceed to step 4;

Step 3, close the two valves (22), after time _t0 , obtain and record the amount of precipitation within _t0 through the rain gauge (3), respectively, for the landfill infiltration of the two leachate collection buckets (24). The collected amount of filtrate is collected and recorded in batches, and the water quality detection of the landfill leachate in the two leachate collection buckets (24) is carried out respectively, and the collected amount of landfill leachate in a single leachate collection bucket (24) is collected and recorded in batches , proceed as follows:

Open the valve (22), so that the landfill leachate generated by the corresponding unit stack (1) flows into the leachate collection bucket (24) along the leachate drain pipe (21), when the garbage collected in the leachate collection bucket (24) When the leachate is nearly full, close the valve (22), collect and record the amount of landfill leachate collected by the leachate collection bucket (24) at this time, and then empty the leachate collection bucket (24) to complete a single collection and record. Obtain the amount of landfill leachate collected in a single collection;

The single collection is repeated until the landfill leachate no longer continuously flows into the leachate collection bucket (24), and the amount of landfill leachate collected in each single collection is added to obtain the leachate collection bucket (24) within _t0 . The amount of landfill leachate that should actually be collected;

Step 4: Check whether the amount of collected and recorded data meets the requirements:

If the amount of data meets the requirements, go to step 5;

Otherwise, go to step 1;

Step 5: Arrange and analyze the collected and recorded data to obtain the influence of rainfall on the variation of leachate yield and water quality, and guide the construction and filling of the landfill according to the influence of rainfall on the variation of leachate yield and water quality. Development of landfill waste treatment process.

10 . The method for measuring precipitation infiltration according to claim 9 , wherein the control value of the precipitation in step 1 is 25 mm. 11 .