CN113011636A - Method and device for predicting water hammer parameters of urban hot water heating pipe network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heat supply pipe network, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network; determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network; and carrying out visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to realize prediction of the water hammer parameters. The invention can quickly perform transient analysis and calculation on the water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure or accidental shutdown, dynamically display the fluctuation condition of the water pressure and flow of the pipe network, and is beneficial to preventing the water hammer effect in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water hammer analysis of a hot water heat supply pipe network, in particular to a method and a device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heat supply pipe network.
Background
With the increase of the urban scale, the water supply pipe network system is also increasingly large. The water supply network is one of the most important infrastructures in modern cities and is also an important component of a water supply system in cities, the corresponding safety requirements on water supply network engineering are higher and higher, and the burst accidents caused by the water hammer effect of the water supply network in cities occur occasionally.
Water hammer is also called water hammer. The liquid flowing in the pressure pipeline has a sudden change in flow rate due to some reason, such as a sudden closing of a valve, a sudden stop of a water pump, a sudden opening and closing of a guide vane, etc., and due to the inertia of the liquid, an alternating change of a sudden increase or decrease in pressure, i.e., a pressure wave, is called a water hammer. Because the inner wall of the pipeline is smooth, water flows freely. When the opened valve is suddenly closed or the water pump is suddenly stopped, the follow-up water flow continues to flow under the action of inertia, after the flow is stopped, the water in the pipeline reversely flows back, at the moment, great impact force and water pressure can be generated on the water pump, the valve and the pipeline, and a destructive effect is generated. The water hammer effect is extremely destructive: too high a pressure will cause the pipe to break, whereas too low a pressure will cause the pipe to collapse and may damage equipment such as valves and pumps. However, in the prior art, the analysis of the water hammer of the urban hot water heating pipe network is inaccurate, the analysis efficiency is low, transient analysis of water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure or accidental shutdown cannot be performed quickly, and the water hammer effect cannot be prevented in time.
Thus, there is a need for improvements and enhancements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the analysis of the urban hot water heating pipe network water hammer is not accurate, the analysis efficiency is low, transient analysis on water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure or accidental shutdown cannot be performed quickly, and the water hammer effect cannot be prevented in time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network, wherein the method includes:
setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network;
determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network;
and carrying out visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to realize prediction of the water hammer parameters.
In one implementation, the setting pipeline information and device information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the device information includes:
setting pipeline information and equipment information in the pipe network;
respectively obtaining a pipeline number and an equipment number according to the pipeline information and the equipment information;
and obtaining pipe network parameters corresponding to the pipeline numbers and/or the equipment numbers according to the pipeline numbers and the equipment numbers.
In an implementation manner, the obtaining, according to the pipeline number and the equipment number, a pipe network parameter corresponding to the pipeline number and/or the equipment number includes:
determining pipeline parameters and pipeline node parameters corresponding to the pipeline numbers according to the pipeline numbers; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
determining a valve parameter, a pump parameter and a hot user parameter corresponding to the equipment number according to the equipment number;
and taking the pipeline parameters, the pipeline node parameters, the valve parameters, the pump parameters and the heat user parameters as the pipe network parameters.
In one implementation, the pipe network parameters further include: the basic physical parameters of the working medium and the pipe network, the difference parameters required by numerical calculation and the calculated water head reference parameters.
In one implementation, the determining, according to the pipe network parameter, a water hammer parameter of the pipe network includes:
acquiring a basic equation for analyzing water hammer parameters, and determining boundary conditions of pipeline flows in the pipeline network passing through a valve, a pipeline node, a pump and a heat consumer according to the basic equation;
and solving the flow data and the water head data of the pipe network according to the boundary conditions.
In one implementation, the visualizing the flow data and the head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the head data includes:
storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix manner to obtain a water hammer parameter file;
obtaining a dynamic water head change diagram and a dynamic flow change diagram of the pipe network according to the water hammer parameter file;
and manufacturing the dynamic water head change diagram and the dynamic flow change diagram into a display interface to obtain the display information of the flow data and the water head data.
In one implementation, the storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix to obtain a water hammer parameter file includes:
storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix mode, wherein two dimensions of the two-dimensional matrix correspond to a time step and a space grid point respectively, and the content of the two-dimensional matrix corresponds to discrete information of pressure and flow respectively;
and obtaining a transient water head and flow distribution change discrete data file of each time step after an accident or equipment accidental shutdown of each pipeline according to the discrete information, and taking the transient water head and flow distribution change discrete data file as the water hammer parameter file.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network, where the device includes:
the pipe network parameter setting module is used for setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network;
the water hammer parameter determining module is used for determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network;
and the water hammer parameter display module is used for performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to predict the water hammer parameters.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal device, where the terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a water hammer parameter prediction program of an urban hot water heating pipe network, where the water hammer parameter prediction program is stored in the memory and is operable on the processor, and when the processor executes the water hammer parameter prediction program of the urban hot water heating pipe network, the step of implementing the water hammer parameter prediction method of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to any one of the above schemes is implemented.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a water hammer parameter prediction program of a municipal hot water heating pipe network is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the water hammer parameter prediction program of the municipal hot water heating pipe network is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for predicting the water hammer parameter of the municipal hot water heating pipe network according to any one of the foregoing schemes are implemented
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network. And then, determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network. And finally, performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to predict the water hammer parameters. The invention can rapidly carry out transient analysis and calculation on the water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure, dynamically display the fluctuation condition of the water pressure and flow of the pipe network and be beneficial to preventing the water hammer effect in time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a specific implementation of a method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic numbering view of pipes and devices in the method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a distribution effect of a water head in a method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow distribution effect diagram in the method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a water hammer parameter prediction device of an urban hot water heating pipe network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an internal structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Research shows that the water hammer is also called water hammer. The liquid flowing in the pressure pipeline has a sudden change in flow rate due to some reason, such as a sudden closing of a valve, a sudden stop of a water pump, a sudden opening and closing of a guide vane, etc., and due to the inertia of the liquid, an alternating change of a sudden increase or decrease in pressure, i.e., a pressure wave, is called a water hammer. Because the inner wall of the pipeline is smooth, water flows freely. When the opened valve is suddenly closed or the water pump is suddenly stopped, the follow-up water flow continues to flow under the action of inertia, after the flow is stopped, the water in the pipeline reversely flows back, at the moment, great impact force and water pressure can be generated on the water pump, the valve and the pipeline, and a destructive effect is generated. The water hammer effect is extremely destructive: too high a pressure will cause the pipe to break, whereas too low a pressure will cause the pipe to collapse and may damage equipment such as valves and pumps. However, in the prior art, the analysis of the water hammer of the urban hot water heating pipe network is inaccurate, the analysis efficiency is low, transient analysis of water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure or accidental shutdown cannot be performed quickly, and the water hammer effect cannot be prevented in time.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment provides a method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network, and in specific implementation, the embodiment of the invention first sets pipe information and equipment information in the pipe network, and determines pipe network parameters according to the pipe information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of each pipe and each equipment in the pipe network. And then determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network. And finally, performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to predict the water hammer parameters. The embodiment of the invention can quickly perform transient analysis and calculation on the water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure, dynamically display the fluctuation condition of the water pressure and flow of the pipe network, and is favorable for preventing the water hammer effect in time.
Exemplary method
In this embodiment, the method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network can be applied to terminal equipment, and the terminal equipment can be intelligent terminal equipment such as a computer. In particular, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step S100, setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network.
In this embodiment, the pipes and equipment in the pipe network are first numbered for disassembly, as shown in fig. 2, and fig. 2 is an exploded view of a typical hot water heating pipe network. In FIG. 2
Different pipelines in the pipe network are marked, and other devices are respectively marked with serial numbers. In specific implementation, the embodiment first sets the pipeline information and the equipment information in the pipe network, and then obtains the pipeline number and the equipment number according to the pipeline information and the equipment information respectively. And finally, obtaining pipe network parameters corresponding to the pipeline numbers and/or the equipment numbers according to the pipeline numbers and the equipment numbers. And the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network.
Specifically, the pipe network parameters of this embodiment include basic parameters, pipeline node parameters, valve parameters, pump parameters, and thermal user parameters. The basic parameters comprise basic physical parameters of the working medium and the pipe network, difference parameters required by numerical calculation and calculated water head reference parameters.
In this example, for the radicalsThe parameters comprise basic physical parameters of the working medium and the pipe network, difference parameters required by numerical calculation and calculated water head reference parameters. Wherein the basic physical parameter comprises the acceleration of gravity (typically 9.81 m/s)2) Working medium density (generally 1000 kg/m)3) The volume elastic modulus of the working medium (generally 2.18 multiplied by 109 Pa); the difference parameters required by numerical calculation include the time step of numerical simulation and the total calculation time step number or duration (the duration is the time step number multiplied by the time step); the calculated water head reference parameter refers to a reference point calculated by a pipe network, and in order to ensure that the hot water pressure in the pipe network is not higher than the pressure which can be born by equipment and a pipeline, and simultaneously ensure that the working medium gasification caused by too low pressure cannot occur in most cases, the lowest pressure of the pipeline needs to be set, namely, the reference water head is designed. In addition, a reference water level height, namely the position height of a designed reference water head, and the atmospheric pressure (generally 10.2m water column) converted into a water head unit are required to be set for the large-drop pipe network.
For the acquisition of the pipeline parameters, the pipe network needs to be split in the embodiment, and pipelines in different sections need to be numbered and input the pipeline parameters. The inlet parameters of each pipeline comprise length, inner diameter of the pipeline, wall thickness of the pipeline, flow resistance coefficient in the pipeline, Young's modulus of elasticity of the pipeline material, estimated initial flow of the pipeline and corresponding gasification pressure in the pipeline.
For obtaining the valve parameters, the present embodiment needs to provide specific parameters of valves with different numbers, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the valve, the time required for closing the valve, the altitude at which the valve is installed, and the flow coefficient (represented by symbol Kv) corresponding to the valve. The flow coefficient of the valve is used for calculating the pressure loss of the valve under different flow conditions, and the calculation method comprises the following steps: head loss 10.2 × (flow/Kv)2Unit m water column height.
For the acquisition of pump parameters, the heat distribution pipe network is commonly used in centrifugal pumps, and the embodiment needs to provide specific parameters of pumps with different numbers, including numbers of inlet pipelines and outlet pipelines of the connected pumps, pump body parameter information, rated parameter information, post-pump valve parameter information, and normal pump working curve parameters. The pump parameters include blade mass and bladeDisc diameter and altitude at which the pump is located. The valve information after the pump corresponds to a valve connected behind the pump or other equipment capable of causing pressure loss, and the pressure loss information when the rated flow of the pump needs to be provided, and meanwhile, if the valve closing after the pump needs to be considered, the initial valve opening and the time information needed by the valve closing need to be provided. The valve opening is represented by a parameter of 0-1, with 0 representing fully closed and 1 representing fully open. The rated parameter information of the pump comprises rated rotating speed, rated torque, rated flow and rated lift information, and in addition, a cutoff water head, namely the maximum water head which can be provided by the pump when the flow is 0 t/h. The characteristic curve of a normally operating pump represents the relationship between the head H (m water column) and the flow Q (t/H) provided by the pump when operating at a constant speed, and can be expressed as an approximate parabolic equation: h ═ Hs+α1Q+α2Q2In which H issFor breaking water head, alpha1And alpha2I.e. two coefficients fitted according to the pump normal operating characteristic curve. The pump normal operating characteristics are typically provided by the manufacturer at the time of purchase of the pump.
For the acquisition of pipeline node parameters, the node is an interface for connecting two or more sections of pipelines, and the number of the nodes, the number of each node and the parameters required to be set by each node need to be given. Each node has three attribute parameters to be set, namely altitude information, an inflow pipeline number and an outflow pipeline number.
The heat user is a user side heat exchanger which receives the heat of hot water and causes a certain pressure loss, and the user side heat exchanger is also called a pressure isolation station. For the hot user parameters, the present embodiment needs to give the number of hot users, the number of each hot user, and the parameters that each hot user needs to set. The basic parameters of the heat user comprise resistance coefficient, height, initial flow, initial valve pressure loss, initial valve opening and other information. Meanwhile, whether the accident that the valve of the hot user side is suddenly closed occurs or not can be selected, the influence of the water hammer is calculated, and the time required by closing the valve needs to be set at the moment.
And S200, determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network.
In this embodiment, a basic equation for analyzing the water hammer parameter is first set, and according to the basic equation, boundary conditions of the pipeline flow in the pipeline network passing through the valve, the pipeline node, the pump and the heat consumer are determined. And then solving the flow data and the water head data of the pipe network according to the boundary conditions.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the water hammer basic differential equation is converted into a finite difference equation by using a characteristic line method to perform numerical solution. The method can solve the problem of water hammer of a complex pipeline system and boundary conditions, and has relatively high calculation accuracy.
In the present embodiment, the water hammer basic differential equation is composed of two parts, namely, a motion equation and a continuous equation. Is a basic mathematical expression of the non-constant flow law in the pressure pipeline. All non-constant flows in pressure lines should satisfy both of these basic equations.
The equation of motion is as follows:
the continuous equation is as follows:
in the formula:
h-head of piezometer tube, (mH)2O)
t-time(s)
a-water hammer propagation velocity, (m/s)
g-acceleration of gravity, (m/s)2)
A-cross-sectional area of pipe (m)2)
Q-pipe flow, (m)3/s)
x-coordinate distance of the calculated point from the starting point, (m)
f-coefficient of on-way frictional resistance of pipe
D-tube internal diameter (m)
Wherein the water hammer propagation velocity can be determined by the following equation. For pure liquids:
in the formula:
k-bulk modulus of elasticity of the liquid Medium, (Pa)
Rho-density of liquid, (kg/m)3)
E-Young's modulus of elasticity of tube, (Pa)
D-tube inside diameter (mm)
e-wall thickness of tube (mm)
C1Support factor in relation to the form of the tube support
The motion equation and the continuity equation are converted into four ordinary differential equations by applying a characteristic line method. The following were used:
these four ordinary differential equations are the characteristic line equations of the flow transients in the pipe.
Dividing a pipe into N sections, each having a length of Deltax, calculating a time step of
When the H and Q values of points A and B are known, the characteristic line can be followed
Integrating equations 4 and 6 and approximating the friction term to a first order can result in:
C+：HPi＝CP-BQPi (8)
C-：HPi＝CM+BQPi (9)
in the formula:
CP＝Hi-1+BQi-1-RQi-1|Qi-1|
CM＝Hi+1-BQi+1+RQi+1|Qi+1|
if the H and Q values of each calculated cross section of the pipeline at time t-0 are known, the H and Q values at the time of calculation can be found by using the equation system at any one internal grid intersection.
The computation time and space value meshing needs to satisfy the Kurong compatibility condition, that is, the selection of time step length must be equal for all pipelines. Namely:
in the formula:
Li(i ═ 1, 2, …, m) -length of pipe i
aiPropagation velocity of water hammer wave of pipe i
NiNumber of sections of pipe i
This module also needs to take into account that steam can occur when the water supply line pressure drops below the vaporization pressure. The gradual accumulation of steam results in the formation of steam pockets, resulting in the separation of the water columns, but as the pressure increases, the separated water columns again coalesce and impinge upon one another, resulting in a sharp pressure rise.
When the pressure at a certain position of the sealed pipe section is lower than the vaporization pressure of water, the water is vaporized into steam to block water flow, a water column separation phenomenon occurs, and a calculation equation becomes:
in the formula:
HPipressure-measuring tube head at point i, (mH)2O)
HBHeight of the atmospheric Water column, (mH)2O)
ZiPosition head at point i, (mH)2O)
Vi-the volume of the cavity;
Quiaverage volume flow into interface i at the last moment
QiAverage volume flow out of interface i at the last moment
If the cavity volume V is calculated in the processiIf the cavitation is less than or equal to 0, the cavitation is considered to be extinguished, and the transient parameters are calculated as follows:
in this embodiment, the calculation boundary conditions are main devices, such as valves, nodes, pumps, and thermal users, through which the pipeline flows, and these positions need to be re-designed to be in butt joint with the basic equation of the pipeline. The boundary condition calculation equations for each device are summarized as follows:
1) pump boundary conditions
The water head boundary condition equation of a water pump working normally can be determined through a characteristic curve, and the curve of the pump can be approximately written as:
in the formula:
α1、α2-two coefficients characterizing the characteristic curve of the water pump;
HSwater pump shut-off head (mH)2O)；
HP1Water head of pressure measuring tube at water suction end of water pump (mH)2O)；
HP2The head of the piezometer tube at the water outlet end of the water pump (mH)2O)；
The flow of the normal working pump is as follows:
in the formula:
B1-calculating constants of the suction pipe of the water pump;
B2-calculating constant of water outlet pipe of water pump.
After the water pump is stopped unexpectedly, the water pump continues to rotate in a speed reducing mode under the action of inertia, and the working characteristic of the water pump cannot be represented by a water pump characteristic curve at a certain constant rotating speed and is represented by a full characteristic curve of the water pump. And the boundary conditions for pump shut-down depend on both the head balance equation and the torque balance equation for the water pump.
The characteristics of the pump include four quantities, head H, flow Q, shaft torque T and speed N, expressed dimensionless as follows:
in the formula: subscript R-represents nominal value
According to similar criteria, the pumps have the same full characteristic curve when their specific speeds are the same. The water pump total characteristic curve takes x as an abscissa, WH (x) or WB (x) as an ordinate:
the full characteristic curve of the pump with a certain specific speed may not be known, and the full characteristic curve of the unknown specific speed can be fitted by adopting a general formula method. Under certain conditions of x, both WH (x) and WB (x) can be written as a function of Ns. The specific formula is as follows:
in the formula:
NSspecific speed of the pump
n-order of the polynomial fitting
Wherein a isiAnd biN can be determined by the known values wh (x), wb (x) of n water pumps. 89 groups a are obtained by this processiAnd biA value of (i ═ 0, 1,. n), that is, the water pump characteristic curve was equally divided into 89 parts, each
The final values for 89 sets of WH (x) and WB (x) were obtained.
The pump head balance equation and the torque balance equation of the pump which need to be satisfied in the pump stopping process are as follows:
head balance equation for pump:
in the formula:
ΔH0when tau is 1, the flow rate is the rated flow rate Q of the water pumpRHead loss in time;
tau-relative opening of valve
Torque balance equation for pump:
F2＝(α2+υ2)WB(x)+β0-C31(α0-α)＝0 (16)
in the formula:
w-the rotating part plus the weight of the liquid entering the part, (kg);
Rg-radius of gyration of the rotating mass, (m);
omega-angular velocity, (rad/s);
2) boundary condition of valve
The valve boundary condition requires the direction of flow to be determined, if CP-CMMore than or equal to 0, and is positive flow; when C isP-CMWhen < 0, the flow is negative.
Pressure head boundary condition equation for forward flow valve:
in the formula:
H0-under initial steady conditions (when τ ═ 1), the flow through the valve is Q0The water head difference before and after the valve.
Footmark 1-section number on the upstream side of the regulating valve
Subscript 2-section number on downstream side of control valve
The flow boundary condition equation of the forward flow valve is as follows:
in the formula:
the pressure head boundary conditions for the negative flow valve are:
the flow boundary conditions for the negative flow valve are:
3) node boundary condition
The pressure water head and flow boundary condition equation of a plurality of pipeline connecting nodes is as follows:
HP＝HP1，Ns＝HP2，Ns＝HP3，1＝HP4，1 (21)
QP1，Ns+QP2，Ns-QP3，1-QP4，1＝0 (22)
4) hot user boundary conditions
The hot user boundary condition needs to judge the flowing direction, if CP-CMMore than or equal to 0, and is positive flow; when C isP-CMWhen < 0, the flow is negative. The water heads of the inlet and the outlet of the position of the hot user are equal, and the boundary condition equation of the flow is as follows:
forward flow:
reverse flow:
in the formula:
s-coefficient of resistance of the hot user;
τ — relative opening of the valve;
H0when τ is 1, with Q0When the flow passes through the valve, the constant falling of the hydraulic gradient line (mH)2O)。
In this embodiment, the solution is mainly divided into two steps: firstly, obtaining the flow and pressure water head distribution of each position in a pipe network under a steady-state working condition by solving a Bernoulli equation; and secondly, solving a basic equation by combining the boundary conditions to obtain the transient flow and pressure head change condition in the pipe network after a certain device fails.
Specifically, first, it is necessary to numerically solve bernoulli equations of all pipes in a pipe network, each pipe head and tail is connected with a device, the sum of flows of all inflow pipes connected with the device and the sum of flows of outflow pipes should be equal, and each device has a functional relationship between the flows and pressure losses, which can be used as a boundary condition of the head and tail positions of each pipe. The Bernoulli equations of all pipelines are gathered into an equation set, and root functions of the open source python function packet scipy are called to solve, so that the on-way pressure distribution and the flow of all pipelines can be quickly obtained. The flow at all positions of each pipe is equal at steady state conditions. Thus, the flow and pressure values of different positions in the pipe network under the initial stable operation working condition are obtained. In order to deal with the calculation of a large-fall pipe network, the gravity term in the Bernoulli equation is not negligible, and the altitude of each device can be directly used as the basis for calculating the gravity head.
Secondly, the equations of the transient pressure and the head of the pipeline (namely the equations 8 and 9) are solved iteratively on the basis of the result of obtaining the steady-state flow and the pressure distribution. The basic flow of calculation is as follows: 1. calculating the CP and CM values for all the conduits along the way based on the initial steady state head and flow (see equations 8 and 9); 2. solving the pressure and the water head at positions except the grid points of the head and the tail of the pipeline by adopting equations 8 and 9; 3. respectively solving a corresponding boundary condition equation for each device to obtain the pressure and the water head of grid points at the head and the tail of the pipeline; 4. judging whether each position of the pipeline generates a gasification phenomenon by adopting an equation 11, and if so, recalculating the pressure and flow result of the position by adopting a pressure and flow calculation equation in the equations 11 and 12; 5. and superposing a time step length, judging whether the requirement of the calculation time length is met, if so, finishing the calculation, and if not, returning to the flow 2 for repeated execution.
When solving the boundary condition equation of the unexpected pump stop, the difficulty of solving the equation is increased because the equation system is nonlinear and the values of WH (x) and WB (x) of the unsteady pump stop working condition need to be manually input. The solving method is as follows: the interplate function module in the python open source function package script is adopted to carry out quadratic interpolation of a single-valued function, and an interpld function is called to obtain explicit WH (x) and WB (x) expressions, so that the equation set is in a function format capable of being solved. And then calling root functions of scipy to solve the nonlinear equation set, wherein the solving method is a Newton method, and the flow rate and the rotating speed ratio can be obtained through the solution. Since the Newton method solution has higher requirement on the initial guess value, the inlet guess value of the solution equation is set as the flow and the specific rotating speed of the pump position obtained in the last time step, so that the calculation efficiency is improved.
Step S300, performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data.
In this embodiment, in the present embodiment, the flow data and the water head data are first stored in a two-dimensional matrix manner, so as to obtain a water hammer parameter file. And then obtaining a dynamic water head change diagram and a dynamic flow change diagram of the pipe network according to the water hammer parameter file. And finally, making the dynamic water head change diagram and the dynamic flow change diagram into a display interface to obtain the flow data and the display information of the water head data.
Specifically, after the flow data and the head data are obtained, the data are stored in two-dimensional matrices, two dimensions of the matrices correspond to time steps and spatial grid points, and the content of the matrices corresponds to discrete information of pressure and flow. The data matrix obtained by calculation is written into an excel document by adopting an excelWriter function in a python function package pandas, and the excel document is respectively stored by the numbers of the pipelines, so that a transient water head and flow distribution change discrete data file of each pipeline at each time step after an accident or equipment unexpected shutdown is obtained.
In order to obtain a dynamic water head and flow change chart along the pipeline, the selected continuous multiple pipeline matrix discrete data is called. In this embodiment, a figure canvas module in a python open source function package matplotlib, a QtWidgets module in a PyQt5 function package, and a QtCore module are used to draw a dynamic result display. The basic drawing steps are as follows: firstly, a basic framework of matplotlib drawing is constructed, wherein the basic framework comprises scale lines, ranges, names, units and the like of horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates, a title is set for the drawing, and an evolution time table corresponding to a dynamic graph is printed at a blank position. And then embedding the basic framework constructed by matplotlib in the previous step into a window constructed by QtWidgets through a Figure canvas module, and creating a toolbar by adopting a NavigationToolbar function. Then, calling a QTimer function in the QtCore module to start a timer, setting a timing unit as 100 (counting for 0.1 s), adding a time step for each counting, drawing a corresponding pipeline grid node along a journey water head or flow into the basic frame set up in the step 1, and simultaneously updating an evolution time table to enable the time corresponding to the time step at the moment to be multiplied by the time step. And finally, adding a start-stop button through a QPushButton function in the QtWidgets module to control the start and the pause of the timer, thereby controlling the start-stop of the dynamic result display. The finally obtained dynamic result display interfaces are shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, wherein fig. 3 is a water head distribution effect graph, and fig. 4 is a flow rate distribution effect graph. By obtaining the display information of the water hammer parameters, the water hammer effect can be prevented in time.
In summary, in this embodiment, first, pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network are set, and according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, a pipe network parameter is determined, where the pipe network parameter is used to reflect a working state of each pipeline and each equipment in the pipe network. And then, determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network. And finally, performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to predict the water hammer parameters. The invention can quickly perform transient analysis and calculation on the water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure or accidental shutdown, dynamically display the fluctuation condition of the water pressure and flow of the pipe network, and is beneficial to preventing the water hammer effect in time.
Exemplary device
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network, where the device includes: the system comprises a pipe network parameter acquisition module 10, a water hammer parameter determination module 20 and a water hammer parameter display module 30. Specifically, the pipe network parameter obtaining module 10 is configured to set pipe information and device information in a pipe network, and determine a pipe network parameter according to the pipe information and the device information, where the pipe network parameter is used to reflect a working state of each pipe and each device in the pipe network. The water hammer parameter determining module 20 is configured to determine a water hammer parameter of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameter, where the water hammer parameter is used to reflect flow data and water head data of the pipe network. The water hammer parameter display module 30 is configured to perform visualization processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data, so as to predict the water hammer parameters.
Based on the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a terminal device, and a schematic block diagram thereof may be as shown in fig. 6. The terminal equipment comprises a processor, a memory, a network interface and a display screen which are connected through a system bus. Wherein the processor of the terminal device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the terminal equipment comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the terminal device is used for connecting and communicating with an external terminal through a network. The computer program is executed by a processor to realize a method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network. The display screen of the terminal equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the block diagram of fig. 6 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation to the terminal device to which the solution of the present invention is applied, and a specific terminal device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or may combine some components, or have different arrangements of components.
In one embodiment, a terminal device is provided, where the terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a water hammer parameter prediction program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and when the processor executes the water hammer parameter prediction program of the urban hot water heating pipe network, the following operation instructions are implemented:
setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network;
determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network;
and carrying out visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to realize prediction of the water hammer parameters.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
In summary, the invention discloses a method and a device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network; determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network; and carrying out visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to realize prediction of the water hammer parameters. The invention can rapidly carry out transient analysis and calculation on the water pressure and flow fluctuation in the pipe network caused by equipment failure, dynamically display the fluctuation condition of the water pressure and flow of the pipe network and be beneficial to preventing the water hammer effect in time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network, and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network;
determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network;
and carrying out visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to realize prediction of the water hammer parameters.
2. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the pipeline information and the equipment information in the pipe network and the determination of the pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information comprise:
setting pipeline information and equipment information in the pipe network;
respectively obtaining a pipeline number and an equipment number according to the pipeline information and the equipment information;
and obtaining pipe network parameters corresponding to the pipeline numbers and/or the equipment numbers according to the pipeline numbers and the equipment numbers.
3. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the pipe network parameters corresponding to the pipe numbers and/or the equipment numbers according to the pipe numbers and the equipment numbers comprises:
determining pipeline parameters and pipeline node parameters corresponding to the pipeline numbers according to the pipeline numbers; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
determining a valve parameter, a pump parameter and a hot user parameter corresponding to the equipment number according to the equipment number;
and taking the pipeline parameters, the pipeline node parameters, the valve parameters, the pump parameters and the heat user parameters as the pipe network parameters.
4. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 3, wherein the pipe network parameters further comprise: the basic physical parameters of the working medium and the pipe network, the difference parameters required by numerical calculation and the calculated water head reference parameters.
5. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 4, wherein the determining the water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters comprises:
acquiring a basic equation for analyzing water hammer parameters, and determining boundary conditions of pipeline flows in the pipeline network passing through a valve, a pipeline node, a pump and a heat consumer according to the basic equation;
and solving the flow data and the water head data of the pipe network according to the boundary conditions.
6. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing visualization processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data comprises the following steps:
storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix manner to obtain a water hammer parameter file;
obtaining a dynamic water head change diagram and a dynamic flow change diagram of the pipe network according to the water hammer parameter file;
and manufacturing the dynamic water head change diagram and the dynamic flow change diagram into a display interface to obtain the display information of the flow data and the water head data.
7. The method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the urban hot water heating pipe network according to claim 6, wherein the step of storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix manner to obtain a water hammer parameter file comprises the following steps:
storing the flow data and the water head data in a two-dimensional matrix mode, wherein two dimensions of the two-dimensional matrix correspond to a time step and a space grid point respectively, and the content of the two-dimensional matrix corresponds to discrete information of pressure and flow respectively;
and obtaining a transient water head and flow distribution change discrete data file of each time step after an accident or equipment accidental shutdown of each pipeline according to the discrete information, and taking the transient water head and flow distribution change discrete data file as the water hammer parameter file.
8. A device for predicting water hammer parameters of an urban hot water heating pipe network is characterized by comprising:
the pipe network parameter setting module is used for setting pipeline information and equipment information in a pipe network and determining pipe network parameters according to the pipeline information and the equipment information, wherein the pipe network parameters are used for reflecting the working states of all pipelines and all equipment in the pipe network;
the water hammer parameter determining module is used for determining water hammer parameters of the pipe network according to the pipe network parameters, wherein the water hammer parameters are used for reflecting flow data and water head data of the pipe network;
and the water hammer parameter display module is used for performing visual processing on the flow data and the water head data to obtain display information of the flow data and the water head data so as to predict the water hammer parameters.
9. A terminal device, characterized in that the terminal device comprises a memory, a processor and a water hammer parameter prediction program of the municipal hot water heating pipe network stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and when the processor executes the water hammer parameter prediction program of the municipal hot water heating pipe network, the steps of the method for predicting the water hammer parameters of the municipal hot water heating pipe network according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a water hammer parameter prediction program for a municipal hot water heating pipe network, and when the water hammer parameter prediction program is executed by a processor, the computer-readable storage medium implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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