CN113006971A - Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug - Google Patents
Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113006971A CN113006971A CN202110267606.1A CN202110267606A CN113006971A CN 113006971 A CN113006971 A CN 113006971A CN 202110267606 A CN202110267606 A CN 202110267606A CN 113006971 A CN113006971 A CN 113006971A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- hydrogen
- igniter
- head
- body part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/95—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof characterised by starting or ignition means or arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
An oxyhydrogen igniter adopting a glow plug comprises an oxygen cavity top cover, a head part, a body part, the glow plug and a hydrogen cavity top cover. The hydrogen cavity top cover is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the body part, the head part is welded at the top end of the body part, a hydrogen collecting cavity is formed among the hydrogen cavity top cover, the head part and the body part, and the cavity of the head part is communicated with the cavity of the body part to form an inner cavity of the igniter; the hydrogen collecting cavity is communicated with the cooling jacket of the body part through the throttling hole. The oxygen cavity top cover is welded on the head; an oxygen gathering cavity is formed between the oxygen cavity top cover and the head, a blind hole is processed at the top end of the head and communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter, and an oxygen injector is processed on the side surface of the top end of the blind hole. The head is symmetrically provided with two glow plugs, a hydrogen injection cavity, a hydrogen injector and two hydrogen channels are further processed in the head, each hydrogen channel is perpendicular to the axis of a glow plug hole and used for communicating the hydrogen collecting cavity with the hydrogen injection cavity in the head, and the hydrogen injection cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter through the hydrogen injector. The invention improves the ignition reliability and expands the application field of the electric igniter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace ignition combustion, and relates to an oxyhydrogen igniter adopting a glow plug.
Background
The torch type electric igniter is widely used for oxyhydrogen rocket engines due to the characteristics of high ignition energy, multiple starting, simple structure, convenience in maintenance and the like, such as RL-10 series and J2 in the United states, main engines of space shuttles, Vinci in Europe, LE series in Japan, RD-0120 in Russia and the like, and China also obtains primary results in the aspect of oxyhydrogen torch type electric igniters.
At present, torch type electric igniters at home and abroad all adopt spark plugs as ignition heat sources, the shell of each spark plug is made of metal, reliable ignition is required to be ensured in the complex working environment of the igniter, the igniter is not ablated by fuel gas, the requirements of combustion and thermal protection of the spark plugs are simultaneously considered, and the design difficulty is high; spark plug needs the exciter just can work, has electromagnetic interference, needs test specially and anti-interference design, and the exciter increases the volume increase along with required energy storage moreover, is unfavorable for the small-size design of integration of some firearms. In vacuum environment, the spark plug can only ignite the hydrogen-oxygen mixture gas of more than 10000Pa, and the application range of the spark plug electric igniter is limited.
In conclusion, the spark plug as the ignition heat source severely limits the design range and application range of the torch type electric igniter.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the oxyhydrogen igniter adopting the glow plug is provided, the problems that the electromagnetic interference of the electric igniter, the ignition element is easy to ablate, and the ignition reliability is limited by the environmental pressure and the spark energy are solved, the ignition reliability is improved from the structural design of the igniter, and the application field of the electric igniter is expanded.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an oxyhydrogen igniter adopting a glow plug comprises an oxygen cavity top cover, a head part, a body part, the glow plug and a hydrogen cavity top cover;
the hydrogen cavity top cover is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the body part, the head part is welded at the top end of the body part, the hydrogen cavity top cover is connected with the head part and the body part in a welding mode, an annular cavity, namely a hydrogen collecting cavity, is formed among the hydrogen cavity top cover, the head part and the body part, and the cavity of the head part is communicated with the cavity of the body part to form an inner cavity of the igniter; the hydrogen collecting cavity is communicated with the cooling jacket of the body part through 8 throttling holes, and the 8 throttling holes are axially and centrally symmetrical along the body part;
the oxygen cavity top cover is welded on the head; an oxygen gathering cavity is formed between the oxygen cavity top cover and the head, a blind hole with a closed top end is formed in the top end of the head and is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter, an oxygen injector communicated with the blind hole is formed in the side face of the top end of the blind hole, the oxygen injector is four tangential holes, the four tangential holes are respectively tangent to the blind hole, and the tangent points are symmetrical along the center of the blind hole;
two electric heating plug holes are symmetrically processed on the head along the axis of the head, each electric heating plug hole is provided with an electric heating plug, and the front end of each electric heating plug enters the inner cavity of the igniter; the hydrogen injection cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter through the hydrogen injector.
The electric heating plug is connected with the electric heating plug hole through screw threads.
Graphite is selected for sealing between the glow plug and the glow plug hole when the pressure is greater than 10MPa, and liquid sealant is selected for sealing when the pressure is less than 1 MPa.
The glow plug uses silicon nitride ceramic material as the substrate.
The glow plug is internally integrated with a direct current power supply, and the rated voltage of the direct current power supply is 12V, and the power of the direct current power supply is 90-100W.
The switch of the direct current power supply is controlled by an upstream device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts the glow plug as a heat source, and the glow plug and the power supply are integrally designed, thereby having less electromagnetic interference and small volume. The glow plug of the invention adopts silicon nitride ceramic material, can resist 1900 ℃ high temperature and has strong ablation resistance. The invention adopts the glow plug as an ignition heat source, the vacuum back pressure can be reduced to 3000Pa, and the application range is wider.
(2) The igniter adopts the design of additive manufacturing concept, the head part integrates three functions of a collecting cavity, an electric heating plug hole and an injector, and the body part integrates the functions of the inner molded surface and the cooling jacket of the igniter, thereby reducing the number of parts and shortening the production period.
(3) The igniter adopts the coaxial centrifugal nozzle, can give consideration to the gas and liquid physical properties of the propellant, oxygen enters the nozzle tangentially and is sprayed into the igniter in a rotating way, and hydrogen is sprayed into the igniter axially through the annular seam of the nozzle, so that the hydrogen and oxygen mixing is more uniform, and the ignition reliability is improved.
(4) The igniter only has one hydrogen inlet and the collection cavity, and the flow distribution of the combustion hydrogen and the cooling hydrogen radicals is carried out through the nozzle throttling hole and the cooling channel throttling hole according to the designed mixing ratio, so that the throttling elements of a system are reduced, and the igniter can be self-adaptive according to the upstream state;
(5) the glow plug of the invention directly extends into the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen for ignition, and adopts a redundant design of double glow plugs, thereby improving the reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall construction of an igniter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an oxygen nozzle;
in FIG. 1, 1 is the oxygen chamber top cover, 2 is the head; 3-body part; 4-glow plugs (integrated power supply); 5-hydrogen chamber top cover.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawing.
The invention aims to design an oxyhydrogen torch igniter ignited by a glow plug, which has the advantages of weak electromagnetic interference, small volume, integrated design with a power supply, wide working condition range and high reliability. This point firearm adopts the vibration material disk theory to design, chooses for use the glow plug as the ignition source, compares traditional spark flower formula ignition mode, other accessories such as no electric actuator, and electromagnetic interference is weak, and is small, easily with power integrated design, and the glow plug material is high temperature resistant ceramic material, need not extra hot safeguard measure, and the point firearm structure is greatly simplified. Compared with a spark plug type electric igniter, the electric heating plug type igniter has wider combustible limit range, particularly for vacuum ignition, the lowest ignition pressure can be reduced to 3000Pa, and the application range of the electric igniter is expanded; the glow plug can be extended into the propellant, so that the range of ignition high-temperature area is increased, and the ignition reliability is enhanced.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the oxyhydrogen igniter designed by the invention is in a torch type and comprises an oxygen cavity top cover 1, a head part 2, a body part 3, a glow plug 4 with an integrated power supply and a hydrogen cavity top cover 5.
The hydrogen chamber top cap 5 covers in the 3 upper portion outsides of body, and the head 2 welding is on 3 tops of body, and hydrogen chamber top cap 5 is connected with head 2, body 3 through the welding mode, and the cavity of head 2 communicates with the cavity of body 3, forms the some firearm inner chamber. An annular cavity (hydrogen collecting cavity) is formed among the hydrogen cavity top cover 5, the head part 2 and the body part 3, and the annular cavity is communicated with the cooling jacket of the body part 3 through 8 throttling holes. The 8 orifices are axially centrosymmetric along the body part 3.
The oxygen chamber top cover 1 is welded to the head 2. An oxygen gathering cavity is formed between the oxygen cavity top cover 1 and the head 2, a blind hole communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter is processed at the top end of the head 2, the top end of the blind hole is sealed, four tangential holes are processed on the side face of the top end of the blind hole, the four tangential holes are respectively tangent to the blind hole, and the tangent points are symmetrical along the center of the blind hole. Four tangential holes form the oxygen injector. A schematic of tangential holes and blind holes is shown in fig. 2.
Two electric heating plug holes are symmetrically processed on two sides of the head part 2 along the axis of the head part, each electric heating plug hole is provided with a glow plug 4, and the front end of each glow plug 4 enters the inner cavity of the igniter. The head 2 is also provided with a hydrogen injection cavity, a hydrogen injector and two hydrogen flow channels, wherein each hydrogen flow channel is perpendicular to the axis of the glow plug on the corresponding side and is used for communicating the annular cavity with the hydrogen injection cavity in the head 2. The hydrogen injection cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter through the hydrogen injector.
The glow plug and the igniter matrix are in threaded connection, graphite is used for sealing at high pressure (more than 10MPa), and liquid sealant is used for sealing at low pressure (less than 1 MPa).
The igniter is designed by adopting an additive manufacturing concept, the structure of the igniter is simplified to 5 parts including a head part, a body part, an oxygen/hydrogen cavity top cover and a glow plug, the number of welding seams is reduced, the production period is shortened, and the structural reliability of the igniter is improved.
The igniter adopts a glow plug as a heat source, the glow plug adopts a silicon nitride ceramic material as a substrate, the power is about 100W, the preheating temperature can reach 1200-1300 ℃, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen can be ignited, the oxygen-hydrogen torch igniter is antioxidant at high temperature and can resist cold and hot impact, and the igniter is suitable for the working conditions of precooling low temperature and starting high temperature of the hydrogen-oxygen torch igniter;
the glow plug can resist the high temperature of 1900 ℃, can extend into an oxyhydrogen mixture for ignition without extra thermal protection, so that the oxygen injector adopts a coaxial centrifugal nozzle to enhance oxyhydrogen mixing and improve ignition reliability; compared with the heat source area of electric sparks, the contact area of the glow plug and the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas is wider, the heating power and the range are larger, the ignition delay is favorably reduced, the propellant accumulation in the ignition chamber is further reduced, and the starting pressure peak is reduced.
The glow plug igniter is powered by a direct-current power supply, has the rated voltage of 12V and the power of 90-100W, does not have other accessories such as an exciter and the like, and has weak electromagnetic interference on other electronic devices and measuring devices; the power supply and the glow plug are integrally designed, the power supply switch is controlled through the upstream device, and the igniter is designed in a miniaturized mode.
In the working process, oxygen flows into the oxygen gathering cavity from the oxygen cavity top cover 1, the oxygen is sprayed into the igniter through the oxygen injector of the head 2, and hydrogen flows into the hydrogen gathering cavity from the hydrogen cavity top cover 5 and then is divided into two paths: one path enters a hydrogen injection cavity of the head part 2 through two hydrogen flow channels and then is injected into an inner cavity of the igniter through a hydrogen injector; the other path enters the cooling jacket of the body part 3 through 8 throttling holes to protect the igniter from being ablated. The oxyhydrogen mixes in the igniter inner cavity that head 2 and body 3 constitute and forms the gas mixture, and the control power of glow plug 4 is opened the back, and the heating ignites the oxyhydrogen gas mixture, produces high temperature gas and gets into downstream burner and accomplish the ignition process.
The invention is used for further igniting combustion devices such as a fuel gas generator, a pre-combustion chamber, a thrust chamber and the like on the rocket engine, and the ignition reliability, the igniter power and the outlet temperature uniformity of wide working conditions directly determine the working reliability of the whole engine system, particularly the multi-time starting performance of the engine, the transient working characteristics and the working reliability in the starting process.
The invention is not described in detail and is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. An oxyhydrogen igniter adopting a glow plug is characterized in that: comprises an oxygen cavity top cover (1), a head part (2), a body part (3), a glow plug (4) and a hydrogen cavity top cover (5);
the hydrogen cavity top cover (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the body part (3), the head part (2) is welded at the top end of the body part (3), the hydrogen cavity top cover (5) is connected with the head part (2) and the body part (3) in a welding mode, an annular cavity, namely a hydrogen collecting cavity, is formed among the hydrogen cavity top cover (5), the head part (2) and the body part (3), and the cavity of the head part (2) is communicated with the cavity of the body part (3) to form an inner cavity of the igniter; the hydrogen collecting cavity is communicated with a cooling jacket of the body part (3) through 8 throttling holes, and the 8 throttling holes are axially and centrally symmetrical along the body part (3);
the oxygen cavity top cover (1) is welded on the head part (2); an oxygen gathering cavity is formed between the oxygen cavity top cover (1) and the head (2), a blind hole with a closed top end is processed at the top end of the head (2), the blind hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter, an oxygen injector communicated with the blind hole is processed on the side surface of the top end of the blind hole, the oxygen injector is four tangential holes, the four tangential holes are respectively tangential to the blind hole, and tangential points are symmetrical along the center of the blind hole;
two electric heating plug holes are symmetrically processed on the head (2) along the axis of the head, each electric heating plug hole is provided with an electric heating plug (4), and the front end of each electric heating plug (4) enters the inner cavity of the igniter; the head (2) is also internally provided with a hydrogen injection cavity, a hydrogen injector and two hydrogen channels, each hydrogen channel is vertical to the axis of the corresponding glow plug hole and is used for communicating the hydrogen collecting cavity with the hydrogen injection cavity in the head (2), and the hydrogen injection cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the igniter through the hydrogen injector.
2. The oxyhydrogen igniter using glow plugs according to claim 1, wherein: the electric heating plug is connected with the electric heating plug hole through screw threads.
3. The oxyhydrogen igniter using glow plugs according to claim 2, wherein: graphite is selected for sealing between the glow plug and the glow plug hole when the pressure is greater than 10MPa, and liquid sealant is selected for sealing when the pressure is less than 1 MPa.
4. The oxyhydrogen igniter using glow plugs according to claim 1, wherein: the glow plug uses silicon nitride ceramic material as the substrate.
5. The oxyhydrogen igniter using glow plugs according to claim 1, wherein: the glow plug is internally integrated with a direct current power supply, and the rated voltage of the direct current power supply is 12V, and the power of the direct current power supply is 90-100W.
6. The oxyhydrogen igniter using glow plugs according to claim 5, wherein: the switch of the direct current power supply is controlled by an upstream device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110267606.1A CN113006971B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110267606.1A CN113006971B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113006971A true CN113006971A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
| CN113006971B CN113006971B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
Family
ID=76405662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110267606.1A Active CN113006971B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113006971B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113738536A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-03 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Integrated force-bearing flow-equalizing top cover device |
| CN114151233A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Igniter fixing device for realizing reliable ignition process of liquid rocket engine |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2533262C1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-11-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Спектралазер" | Device for fuel laser ignition in liquid-propellant rocket engine combustion chamber |
| CN105927391A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-07 | 南京理工大学 | Ignition device for liquid ramjet engine |
| CN106050471A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Pre-atomization ignition device used for liquid fuel ramjet engine |
| CN107178437A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-19 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The burner of the miniature gentle bipropellant of gas |
| RU2638418C1 (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2017-12-13 | Акционерное общество "Конструкторское бюро химавтоматики" | Combustion chamber of lpe with electroplasma ignition |
| CN109252980A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-22 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of NEW ADAPTIVE pulse-knocking engine propellant spray system |
| CN111765017A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-13 | 安徽九州云箭航天技术有限公司 | Torch electric ignition chamber for liquid rocket engine |
-
2021
- 2021-03-11 CN CN202110267606.1A patent/CN113006971B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2533262C1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-11-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Спектралазер" | Device for fuel laser ignition in liquid-propellant rocket engine combustion chamber |
| CN105927391A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-07 | 南京理工大学 | Ignition device for liquid ramjet engine |
| CN106050471A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Pre-atomization ignition device used for liquid fuel ramjet engine |
| RU2638418C1 (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2017-12-13 | Акционерное общество "Конструкторское бюро химавтоматики" | Combustion chamber of lpe with electroplasma ignition |
| CN107178437A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-19 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The burner of the miniature gentle bipropellant of gas |
| CN109252980A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-22 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of NEW ADAPTIVE pulse-knocking engine propellant spray system |
| CN111765017A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-13 | 安徽九州云箭航天技术有限公司 | Torch electric ignition chamber for liquid rocket engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 潘一力等: "液氧/液甲烷姿控发动机点火技术研究", 《火箭推进》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113738536A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-03 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Integrated force-bearing flow-equalizing top cover device |
| CN113738536B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-10-28 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Integrated force-bearing flow-equalizing top cover device |
| CN114151233A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Igniter fixing device for realizing reliable ignition process of liquid rocket engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113006971B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113006971B (en) | Oxyhydrogen igniter adopting glow plug | |
| WO2018196175A1 (en) | Flame-ejecting spark plug, and internal combustion engine and automobile having same | |
| CN109441643B (en) | Micro-turbojet and gas turbine combustor ignition devices | |
| US4787349A (en) | Ignition device for air-compressing internal combustion engine | |
| CN111828175B (en) | Pre-combustion heating device and rotary detonation engine using same | |
| WO1988006231A1 (en) | Combustion system for internal combustion engine and combustor used therefor | |
| CN114934839A (en) | A kind of hydrogen jet ignition ammonia internal combustion engine and control method | |
| CN116164307B (en) | Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter | |
| CN109404166B (en) | Wide-working-condition liquid hydrogen-liquid oxygen torch type electric ignition device | |
| KR101174543B1 (en) | Ignition device for a gas engine, gas engine equipped with it and method for operating the gas engine | |
| JPS62129514A (en) | Combustion chamber for internal combustion engine | |
| CN211144677U (en) | Jet igniter of water-cooled engine | |
| US4969432A (en) | Torch ignitor for lean burn engines | |
| GB621789A (en) | Improved ignition system for gas turbine engines | |
| CN116291980B (en) | Combustion device of air flue injection hydrogen engine and all-condition ignition partition control method | |
| CN212154964U (en) | Cylinder cover structure and gasoline engine | |
| CN116085825A (en) | Mutual impact type air hydrogen torch igniter | |
| CN212615070U (en) | Torch ignition needle bolt type injector | |
| CN103133183A (en) | Safe processing device of low-temperature hydrogen in rocket engine thrust chamber | |
| CN109322750B (en) | The dual-purpose high-energy igniter of micro gas-liquid | |
| CN109083797A (en) | A kind of plasma igniter with outlet inclined hole and multianode structure | |
| CN101852147A (en) | Gas Hydrogen/Oxygen Pneumatic Resonant Thermal Surface Igniter | |
| CN109162854B (en) | A kind of control method of double discharge mode plasma igniter | |
| CN215343346U (en) | Spark plug for gasoline engine prechamber of passenger car | |
| CN212304197U (en) | Spark plug precombustion chamber structure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |