CN113006163A - Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model - Google Patents
Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113006163A CN113006163A CN202110209796.1A CN202110209796A CN113006163A CN 113006163 A CN113006163 A CN 113006163A CN 202110209796 A CN202110209796 A CN 202110209796A CN 113006163 A CN113006163 A CN 113006163A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- test
- cave
- retaining wall
- karst cave
- foundation pit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种含溶洞基坑开挖模型试验装置及试验方法，包括试验模型箱、水平支撑装置、位移测量装置、溶洞生成装置及数据采集装置。在试验模型箱内分层填筑相似材料，且填筑所述相似材料的过程中，依次安装所述溶洞生成装置、挡土墙及位移测量装置。使所述溶洞生成装置形成溶洞，然后开挖相邻两个所述挡土墙之间的相似材料形成基坑，在相邻两个所述挡土墙之间安装水平支撑装置。所述位移测量装置测量所述挡土墙的位移，数据采集装置采集相似材料的沉降，采集所述挡土墙的侧压力，采集所述水平支撑装置的轴力。上述含溶洞基坑开挖模型试验装置及试验方法，通过各装置间的配合实现含溶洞基坑的开挖模型试验，可以保证试验结果的准确性。
The invention discloses a model test device and a test method for excavation of a foundation pit containing a karst cave, including a test model box, a horizontal support device, a displacement measurement device, a karst cave generation device and a data acquisition device. Similar materials are filled in layers in the test model box, and during the process of filling the similar materials, the karst cave generation device, the retaining wall and the displacement measuring device are installed in sequence. The karst cave generation device is formed into a karst cave, and then similar materials between two adjacent retaining walls are excavated to form a foundation pit, and a horizontal support device is installed between the two adjacent retaining walls. The displacement measuring device measures the displacement of the retaining wall, the data acquisition device acquires the settlement of similar materials, the lateral pressure of the retaining wall, and the axial force of the horizontal support device. The above-mentioned model test device and test method for excavation of a foundation pit containing a karst cave can realize the excavation model test of a foundation pit containing a karst cave through the cooperation of various devices, which can ensure the accuracy of the test results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil tests, in particular to a test device and a test method for a karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model.
Background
The karst landform is widely distributed in China, and the area of the karst landform in China is about 344.4 km according to the distribution area of the stratum containing the soluble rock21/3 for territorial area; about 90.7 km per exposed area of carbonate rock2Also close to 1/10 for the territory of the country. The construction of deep foundation pit engineering in karst development areas needs to consider the influence of karst caves in the stratum on the foundation pit and the supporting structure.
Through the conversion of similar theories, the indoor model test can intuitively and accurately simulate the actual engineering, and is one of the main means for developing research at present. The main difficulty of the indoor model test related to the excavation of the foundation pit containing the karst cave lies in how to realize the generation of the karst cave in similar materials, how to restore the actual construction steps of excavation and supporting, and how to accurately acquire and process data, which are all problems to be solved by scientific researchers urgently.
The existing model test implementation method for excavation of a foundation pit containing a karst cave mainly comprises the following steps: (1) simulating a karst cave by adopting an inflatable air bag; (2) making a molten cavity salt block by using high-temperature meltable materials such as ice, paraffin and the like, and melting and flowing out by heating to form a molten cavity; (3) the salt block in the cavity is made of natural soluble materials such as salt rock and the like, and is dissolved and flows out by filling water to form the karst cave. The three methods have advantages, but have some disadvantages. The inflatable air bag is adopted to simulate the karst cave, only spherical karst cave can be simulated, and the action of water cannot be considered; the melting time of high-temperature meltable materials such as ice, paraffin and the like is difficult to control, and the paraffin is easy to coagulate again to influence the test; the natural soluble materials such as salt rock contain other impurities, and the influence on the test effect is not clear.
For effective control foundation ditch deformation, excavation and supporting are synchronous, there are many scholars when carrying out foundation ditch model test, the horizontal brace is a single support, often meet retaining wall and take place to warp or remove and lead to supporting the problem not on the installation in the installation, the scholars only considers retaining wall to the inside removal of foundation ditch in addition, the horizontal brace only receives the pressure, the event is blocked between two retaining walls with the horizontal brace, and often there is partial horizontal brace to bear the pulling force in the actual engineering, bring the difficulty for model test.
How to accurately monitor the lateral deformation of the retaining wall in the test process is also a problem to be considered. The common displacement measuring device comprises a pull rod type displacement meter, a vibrating string type displacement meter and the like, but because the retaining wall is buried in the soil, the displacement meter cannot be buried in the soil to work, and the retaining wall cannot be accurately measured due to the fact that the retaining wall stretches into the mold box and is not enough in length. In addition, the matching among the devices and the feasibility of the whole test process are also the key for ensuring the success of the test, the test process needs to be determined repeatedly, the accuracy of the test data needs to be checked, and the test process is complex and the result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a test device and a test method for a karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model aiming at the problems that a traditional model test device cannot be installed and cannot bear tensile force.
The utility model provides a contain solution cavity foundation ditch excavation model test device, includes:
the test model box is filled with similar materials, retaining walls are arranged in the similar materials at intervals, and a foundation pit is formed by excavating between every two adjacent retaining walls;
two ends of each horizontal supporting device are fixedly connected with two adjacent retaining walls respectively, and a plurality of groups of horizontal supporting devices are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the retaining walls;
the displacement measuring device is connected with the retaining wall and is used for measuring the displacement of the retaining wall;
the cave generating device is used for forming a cavity in the similar material so as to simulate the situation that a cave exists in reality; and
and the data acquisition device is used for acquiring the settlement of similar materials, the lateral pressure of the retaining wall and the axial force of the horizontal supporting device in the test process.
In one embodiment, the test model box comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a fixing bracket, wherein the side plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the fixing bracket is installed on the side plate.
In one embodiment, the horizontal supporting device comprises two sections of supporting rods and a threaded sleeve, the two sections of supporting rods are respectively and fixedly connected with two adjacent retaining walls, and the threaded sleeve is in threaded connection with the two sections of supporting rods.
In one embodiment, the displacement measuring device comprises a pipe body, a displacement probe, a connecting line and a dial indicator, wherein the displacement probe is mounted on the retaining wall, the pipe body extends out of the test model box from the inside of the test model box, the connecting line is connected with the displacement probe, and the connecting line penetrates through the pipe body and is connected with the dial indicator outside the test model box.
In one embodiment, the karst cave generating device comprises a soluble block body, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the soluble block body is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole which are communicated with each other, the end part of the water inlet pipe is installed in the water inlet hole, the end part of the water outlet pipe is installed in the water outlet hole, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both extend out of the test model box.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a soluble block manufacturing device, the soluble block manufacturing device comprises a mold, a tamping hammer, an oven and an electric drill, the mold is used for filling a karst cave manufacturing material, the tamping hammer is used for tamping the karst cave manufacturing material in the mold, the oven is used for drying moisture in the karst cave manufacturing material, and the electric drill is used for drilling the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole in the soluble block.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition device comprises a displacement meter, a soil pressure box, a strain gauge, a data acquisition instrument and a computer, wherein the displacement meter is installed on the test model box and used for measuring the settlement of the similar materials, the soil pressure box is installed on the retaining wall and used for measuring the lateral pressure of the retaining wall, the strain gauge is installed on the horizontal supporting device and used for measuring the axial force of the horizontal supporting device, and the displacement meter, the soil pressure box and the strain gauge are connected with the data acquisition instrument through leads and acquired through the computer.
A test method for a karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model adopts any one of the test devices for the karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model, and comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a karst cave generating device;
filling similar materials in a test model box in a layered manner, and sequentially installing the karst cave generating device, the retaining wall and the displacement measuring device in the process of filling the similar materials;
forming a karst cave by the karst cave generating device, then excavating similar materials between two adjacent retaining walls to form a foundation pit, and installing a horizontal supporting device between the two adjacent retaining walls;
the displacement measuring device measures the displacement of the retaining wall, the data acquisition device acquires the settlement of similar materials, the lateral pressure of the retaining wall and the axial force of the horizontal supporting device.
In one embodiment, the manufacturing method of the karst cave generating device specifically includes the following steps:
obtaining a karst cave manufacturing material;
filling the karst cave manufacturing material into a mould, and then tamping by adopting a tamping hammer;
putting the mould into an oven, drying the moisture in the karst cave manufacturing material, taking out, cooling and demoulding to prepare a soluble block;
and drilling a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole on the surface of the soluble block body by adopting an electric drill, then penetrating the water inlet pipe into the water inlet hole, and penetrating the water outlet pipe into the water outlet hole.
In one embodiment, the step of sequentially installing the karst cave generating device, the retaining wall and the displacement measuring device in the process of filling similar materials in a test model box in a layered manner is specifically as follows:
filling similar materials in the test model box in a layered mode, stopping filling until the materials reach the preset position of the karst cave generating device, and installing the karst cave generating device;
then continuing to fill the similar materials, stopping filling until the similar materials are filled to the bottom position of the retaining wall, and installing the retaining wall;
and after the retaining wall is installed, continuously filling the similar materials, stopping when the position of the tube body is reached, installing the displacement probe, the tube body and the connecting line, and finally filling the similar materials to a preset height.
In one embodiment, the step of forming the cavern by the cavern generation device is specifically:
and filling water into the water inlet pipe, enabling the filled water to enter the soluble block and be discharged from the water outlet pipe, and stopping filling the water after the soluble block is dissolved to form a karst cave.
In one embodiment, excavating similar materials between two adjacent retaining walls to form a foundation pit, and the step of installing a horizontal supporting device between two adjacent retaining walls specifically comprises the following steps:
and adopting a layered excavation method, excavating to a preset depth, installing the horizontal supporting device, excavating the next layer of similar material, and installing the horizontal supporting device until the excavation is finished.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition device acquires settlement of similar materials, acquires lateral pressure of the retaining wall, and acquires axial force of the horizontal support device, and the step of acquiring the axial force further comprises the following steps:
and connecting the displacement meter, the soil pressure cell and the strain gauge to a data acquisition instrument, and acquiring data by adopting a computer.
According to the test device and the test method for the karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model, the horizontal supporting device is fixedly connected with the two adjacent retaining walls, so that the horizontal supporting device can be pressed, and meanwhile, the horizontal supporting device can be pulled. Meanwhile, the horizontal supporting devices are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the retaining wall, so that the actual engineering conditions can be really restored, and the three-dimensional space effect of the horizontal support can be obtained. Therefore, the problems that the horizontal support cannot be installed and cannot bear tensile force due to deformation or movement of the soil retaining wall in the model test process can be solved, the excavation model test of the karst cave foundation pit is realized through the cooperation of the devices, and the accuracy of the test result can be ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to be used in the embodiments, will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device of a karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the test model box of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the right side plate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal support device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a displacement measuring device mounted on a test model box according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the displacement probe of FIG. 5 mounted on a retaining wall;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the tube body of FIG. 5 extending through the right side plate;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mold in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a strain gage mounted on a horizontal support;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a test method for excavating a rice noodle in a foundation pit including a karst cave according to an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
10-test model box, 11-bottom plate, 12-side plate, 122-through hole, 124-connecting hole, 13-fixing support, 14-lifting ring, 15-steel bar, 20-horizontal supporting device, 22-supporting rod, 24-threaded sleeve, 30-displacement measuring device, 31-tube body, 32-displacement probe, 33-connecting line, 34-dial indicator, 41-strain gauge, 42-data acquisition instrument, 50-karst cave generating device, 60-retaining wall, 70-mould, 71-side diaphragm, 72-bottom diaphragm, 73-hoop, 74-base, 75-inner mould and 76-compaction cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, an excavation model testing apparatus for a foundation pit including a karst cave according to an embodiment includes a testing model box 10, a horizontal supporting device 20, a displacement measuring device 30, a karst cave generating device 50, and a data collecting device.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the test model box 10 is filled with similar materials, retaining walls 60 are spaced in the similar materials, and a foundation pit is formed between two adjacent retaining walls 60. In one embodiment, the test model box 10 includes a bottom plate 11, a side plate 12 and a fixing bracket 13, the side plate 12 is fixed on the bottom plate 11 to enclose the test model box 10, and the fixing bracket 13 is mounted on the side plate 12.
Specifically, the number of the side plates 12 is four, and four corners of the test model box 10 are firmly welded by angle steel to form a whole. The four corners of the test model box 10 are provided with hanging rings 14, which can facilitate the hoisting of the test model box 10. Wherein, two blocks of curb plates 12 of front and back are the ya keli board, and two blocks of curb plates 12 of front and back all intervals are equipped with twice billet 15, and the rigidity of curb plate 12 around billet 15 can increase. The length of the fixing bracket 13 is equal to that of the test model box 10, and the fixing bracket 13 is connected with the side plate 12 through bolts. The retaining wall 60 is a steel plate having a width equal to the width of the box.
The two ends of the horizontal supporting device 20 are respectively fixedly connected with the two adjacent retaining walls 60, and the horizontal supporting piles are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the retaining walls 60. The horizontal supporting device 20 is fixedly connected with the retaining wall 60, and the horizontal supporting device 20 can bear the tensile force. The horizontal supporting devices 20 are arranged in a plurality of groups at intervals, and the interval distance is obtained by converting the actual distance by adopting a similar criterion.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the horizontal supporting device 20 includes two sections of supporting rods 22 and a threaded sleeve 24, wherein the two supporting rods 22 are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent retaining walls 60. Specifically, the support rod 22 is fixedly screwed to the retaining wall 60. The threaded sleeve 24 is threadedly connected to the two sections of support rods 22, and the threaded sleeve 24 connects the two sections of support rods 22 together. The support rod 22 is connected with the threaded sleeve 24 through threads, and the length of the horizontal support device 20 can be adjusted as required.
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the displacement measuring device 30 is connected to the retaining wall 60, and the displacement measuring device 30 is used for measuring the displacement of the retaining wall 60. In one embodiment, the displacement measuring device 30 includes a tube 31, a displacement probe 32, a connecting wire 33, and a dial indicator 34. The displacement probes 32 are mounted on retaining walls 60, and each retaining wall 60 has a displacement probe 32 mounted thereon. The pipe body 31 is located inside the test pattern box 10, and the pipe body 31 protrudes outside the test pattern box 10 through the right side plate of the test pattern box 10.
Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 7, specifically, the right side plate is provided with a through hole 122, and the tube 31 penetrates through the through hole 122 on the right side plate. The dial indicator 34 is located outside the test model box 10, the connecting line 33 penetrates through the pipe body 31, and the pipe body 31 can protect the connecting line 33. One end of the connecting line 33 is connected with the displacement probe 32, and the other end of the connecting line 33 passes through the pipe body 31 and is connected with a dial indicator 34 outside the test model box 10.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the cave-generating device 50 is embedded in the similar material, and the cave-generating device 50 is used to form a cavity in the similar material to simulate the actual situation of the cave. In one embodiment, the cavern generating device 50 comprises a soluble block, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. The water inlet and the apopore of intercommunication each other are seted up to soluble block, and the one end of inlet tube is installed in the inlet, and the other end of inlet tube stretches out outside experimental model case 10. One end of the water outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet hole, and the other end of the water outlet pipe extends out of the test model box 10. Specifically, two connecting holes 124 are formed in the right side plate, and the water outlet pipe extend out of the connecting holes 124.
Referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the testing apparatus for the excavation model of the foundation pit including the karst cave further includes a soluble block manufacturing apparatus, and the soluble block manufacturing apparatus includes a mold 70, a tamping hammer, an oven, and an electric drill. The cave-making material is filled in the mold 70, and the mold 70 is used for shaping the soluble block. The ramming ram is used to tamp the cavern making material within the mold 70. The oven is used for drying the moisture of the karst cave manufacturing material, and the electric drill is used for drilling a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole. The mold 70 may be of different types selected as desired to produce soluble blocks of different shapes to enable the formation of cavities of any shape within similar materials.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the mold 70 includes a side mold piece 71, a bottom mold piece 72, a hoop 73, a base 74, an inner mold 75 and a compacting cylinder 76, the bottom of the side mold piece 71 is mounted on the base 74, the bottom mold piece 72 is padded between the side mold piece 71 and the base 74, and the hoop 73 is used for hooping the side mold piece 71. An inner mold 75 is inserted into the side mold sheet 71 and a compaction cylinder 76 is used to compact the material in the gap between the side mold sheet 71 and the inner mold 75.
Referring also to fig. 9, the data acquisition device is used to collect the settlement of similar materials, the lateral pressure of the retaining wall 60 and the axial force of the horizontal support device 20 during the test. In one embodiment, the data acquisition device comprises a displacement meter, a soil pressure cell, a strain gauge 41, a data acquisition instrument 42 and a computer. The displacement gauge is mounted on a test model box 10. Specifically, a displacement meter is mounted on the fixed bracket 13, and the displacement meter is used for measuring the sedimentation of similar materials. The soil pressure cell is installed on the retaining wall 60, and the wire of the soil pressure cell can extend out of the test model box 10 through the pipe body 31 of the displacement measuring device 30. The strain gauge 41 is mounted on the horizontal support device 20, and the strain gauge 41 is used for measuring the axial force of the horizontal support device 20. Specifically, the strain gauge 41 is mounted on the support rod 22. The displacement meter, the soil pressure cell and the strain gauge 41 are connected with a data acquisition instrument 42 through leads and are acquired through a computer.
In one embodiment, the cave-making material comprises fine salt, starch and water, and the fine salt, the starch and the water are mixed according to a ratio of 30:1:3, so that the cave-making material is prepared. The cave making material has the characteristics of certain strength after drying moisture and water dissolution. The similar materials comprise silty clay, barite powder, quartz sand, gypsum and water, the river sand and the silty clay are used for simulating a soil layer structure, and the barite powder, the quartz sand, the gypsum and the water are used for preparing the rock stratum similar materials.
Referring to fig. 9, the invention further provides a test method for the excavation model of the foundation pit containing the karst cave, and the test method is implemented by using the test device for the excavation model of the foundation pit containing the karst cave. Specifically, the test method comprises the following steps:
step S110: the karst cave generating apparatus 50 is manufactured.
Specifically, a material for producing the cavern is obtained, and the material for producing the cavern is filled into the mold 70 and then is tamped with a tamping hammer. In one embodiment, the materials are prepared according to the formulation of the cavern material, mixed and filled into the mold 70. Then, the mold 70 is placed into an oven, dried for more than 2 hours at 100 ℃, dried to remove water in the material for making the karst cave, taken out, cooled and demoulded to obtain the soluble block. And finally, drilling a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole on the surface of the soluble block body by adopting an electric drill, wherein the water inlet hole is communicated with the water outlet hole, the water inlet pipe is arranged in the water inlet hole in a penetrating manner, and the water outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet hole in a penetrating manner.
Step S120: in the course of filling similar materials in layers in the test model box 10 and filling the similar materials, the karst cave generating device 50, the retaining wall 60, and the displacement measuring device 30 are installed in this order.
Specifically, similar materials are configured according to physical and mechanical properties of soil and similar criteria, and then are filled into the test model box 10 in layers. And when the water is filled to the preset position of the karst cave generating device 50 and then stops, the karst cave generating device 50 is installed and buried, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe penetrate out through the connecting hole 124 of the right side plate of the test model box 10. Then, the filling of the similar material is continued, and when the filling is stopped to the bottom position of the retaining wall 60, the retaining wall 60 is installed. After the installation of the retaining wall 60 is completed, similar materials are continuously filled, and when the position of the tube body 31 is reached, the filling is stopped, the displacement probe 32, the tube body 31 and the connecting line 33 are installed, and finally the similar materials are filled to a predetermined height.
In one embodiment, the displacement probe 32 may be pre-installed on the retaining wall 60, and the installation of the tube 31 and the connection of the connection cord 33 may be performed during the process of filling similar materials. The earth pressure cell may be pre-installed on the retaining wall 60, and the wires of the earth pressure cell may be passed out of the test model box 10 through the pipe 31. Of course, the displacement probe 32 and the earth pressure cell may be mounted directly to the retaining wall 60 during the filling of similar materials.
Step S130: the karst cave generating device 50 is formed into a karst cave, then similar materials between two adjacent retaining walls 60 are excavated to form a foundation pit, and the horizontal supporting device 20 is installed between the two adjacent retaining walls 60.
Specifically, after filling of similar materials is completed, water is filled into the water inlet pipe, the filled water enters the soluble block and is discharged from the water outlet pipe, after the soluble block is dissolved, the water filling is stopped after the soluble block is generally more than 1 hour, and a karst cave is formed. And then excavating similar materials among the retaining walls 60 layer by layer, and after excavating to a preset depth, installing the horizontal supporting devices 20, wherein multiple groups of horizontal supporting devices 20 are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the retaining walls 60. Then, the next layer of similar material is excavated and the next layer of horizontal supporting device 20 is installed, and the excavation and the supporting are carried out simultaneously until the excavation is finished.
Step S140: the displacement measuring device 30 measures the displacement of the retaining wall 60, and the data collecting device collects the settlement of similar materials, the lateral pressure of the retaining wall 60, and the axial force of the horizontal supporting device 20.
Specifically, the data acquisition device includes a displacement meter, a soil pressure cell, a strain gauge 41, a data acquisition instrument 42 and a computer, and before step S140, the data acquisition device further includes the steps of: the displacement meter, the soil pressure cell and the strain gauge 41 are connected to a data acquisition instrument 42 through wires, and data acquisition is performed by a computer.
Wherein, the displacement meter is fixedly arranged on the fixed bracket 13, and the strain gauge 41 is arranged on the horizontal supporting device 20. The displacement gauge may be installed after completion of filling of a similar material, and the strain gauge 41 may be previously installed on the horizontal supporting means 20. The soil pressure cell is mounted on the retaining wall 60, and the soil pressure cell may be mounted on the retaining wall 60 when the displacement measuring device 30 is mounted, or may be mounted on the retaining wall 60 in advance, and the lead of the soil pressure cell may be led out from the pipe body 31.
According to the test device and the test method for the karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model, the horizontal supporting device 20 is fixedly connected with the two adjacent retaining walls 60, so that the horizontal supporting device 20 can be pressed, and meanwhile, the horizontal supporting device 20 can be pulled. The horizontal supporting devices 20 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the retaining wall 60, so that the actual engineering conditions can be truly restored, and the three-dimensional space effect of horizontal support can be obtained. Through horizontal strutting arrangement, can solve retaining wall 60 deformation or remove and can't install horizontal brace among the model test process to and horizontal brace can't bear the problem of pulling force. Moreover, the displacement probe 32 and the lead of the soil pressure cell are led out from the right side plate of the sample model box through the tube body 31, so that the deformation in the soil body can be visually reflected, the excavation model test of the karst cave foundation pit is realized through the matching of all devices, and the accuracy of the test result can be ensured. The cavern generating device 50 can form a cavity of any shape within a closed similar material.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110209796.1A CN113006163A (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110209796.1A CN113006163A (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113006163A true CN113006163A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
Family
ID=76386136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110209796.1A Pending CN113006163A (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113006163A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113790699A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Retaining fixing device and different-depth horizontal displacement measurement test device |
| CN113960696A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-21 | 山东大学 | Landfill method and test method for unfavorable geological bodies in the field of comprehensive geophysical prospecting |
| CN117629805A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-03-01 | 山东科技大学 | Shield hob rock breaking test device and method for simulating karst cave-containing stratum |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100812186B1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-03-12 | 주식회사 이제이텍 | Total settlement analysis method and prediction method |
| JP2010163748A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-29 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Earth retaining wall load testing method |
| CN101900642A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-12-01 | 西安理工大学 | Ground Fissure Soil Tunnel Physical Model Test Device and Model Test Method |
| CN107152038A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-09-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of geotechnical centrifugal model test equipment and Excavation simulation method |
| CN207923866U (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-28 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | A kind of experimental provision that simulation sand covering karst cave destroys |
| CN111089766A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-05-01 | 重庆大学 | Equipment and method for making any closed cavity based on soluble cavity salt block |
| CN112252302A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 无锡市市政设施建设工程有限公司 | Method for realizing split hoisting of underground continuous wall special-shaped steel reinforcement cage into groove based on BIM |
-
2021
- 2021-02-24 CN CN202110209796.1A patent/CN113006163A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100812186B1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-03-12 | 주식회사 이제이텍 | Total settlement analysis method and prediction method |
| JP2010163748A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-29 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Earth retaining wall load testing method |
| CN101900642A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-12-01 | 西安理工大学 | Ground Fissure Soil Tunnel Physical Model Test Device and Model Test Method |
| CN107152038A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-09-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of geotechnical centrifugal model test equipment and Excavation simulation method |
| CN207923866U (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-28 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | A kind of experimental provision that simulation sand covering karst cave destroys |
| CN111089766A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-05-01 | 重庆大学 | Equipment and method for making any closed cavity based on soluble cavity salt block |
| CN112252302A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 无锡市市政设施建设工程有限公司 | Method for realizing split hoisting of underground continuous wall special-shaped steel reinforcement cage into groove based on BIM |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张腾遥: "基坑偏压下土与围护结构相互作用的模型试验研究", 《基坑偏压下土与围护结构相互作用的模型试验研究》 * |
| 李大建: "岩溶地区含溶洞建筑边坡变形稳定性状研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技第II辑》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113790699A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Retaining fixing device and different-depth horizontal displacement measurement test device |
| CN113790699B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-12-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Soil retaining fixing device and horizontal displacement measurement test device with different depths |
| CN113960696A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-21 | 山东大学 | Landfill method and test method for unfavorable geological bodies in the field of comprehensive geophysical prospecting |
| CN117629805A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-03-01 | 山东科技大学 | Shield hob rock breaking test device and method for simulating karst cave-containing stratum |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113006163A (en) | Test device and test method for karst cave-containing foundation pit excavation model | |
| CN103940394B (en) | Monitoring system and method for simulating excavation device of tunnel pipe shed construction method | |
| CN105649116B (en) | The model test apparatus of Tunnel Passing slip mass influence under condition of raining | |
| CN203981507U (en) | A New Plane Strain Consolidation Test Device | |
| CN108195723B (en) | Permeation grouting test system and method for reinforcing loose gravel soil | |
| CN103616287A (en) | Laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation | |
| CN108643247B (en) | Testing device and testing method for soil body reinforcement model at bottom of rectangular foundation pit in soft soil area | |
| CN102912780A (en) | Sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation | |
| CN103645061B (en) | A kind of Framed Anchor Technique large-scale physical model test method | |
| CN102797269B (en) | Internal force testing method for load test of pre-stress tubular pile | |
| CN112081152A (en) | Test device and method for simulating influence of foundation pit excavation on shield tunnel with anti-floating anchor rod | |
| CN102426396A (en) | Testing apparatus for simulating deep-displacement-initiated strata deformation coordination mechanism | |
| CN109975117A (en) | Pipe jacking test box and test method | |
| CN111537431B (en) | Liquid CO2Phase change fracturing effect similar simulation experiment device and experiment method | |
| CN105350488A (en) | Test device for novel sheet-pile wharf and manufacturing method and test method of test device | |
| CN105841653A (en) | Method of measuring dam body horizontal displacement | |
| CN102797268B (en) | Installation method for testing tube used for testing internal force of pre-stress tubular pile with slide micrometer | |
| CN111289346A (en) | Three-dimensional model test method for deformation and damage of tunnel surrounding rock containing fault fracture zone | |
| CN114544347A (en) | A kind of buttress type retaining wall back earth pressure and displacement simulation system and measurement method | |
| CN117848848A (en) | Discrete tunnel mold-melting excavation method for model test | |
| CN109839313B (en) | Full-scale ramming soil test wall root undercut process stress characterization method | |
| CN117782876A (en) | A three-dimensional geomechanical model test device and method for simulating freezing damage of tunnel lining in cold regions | |
| CN217738811U (en) | A Model Test System for Stability Study of Tunnel Excavation with Layered Surrounding Rocks | |
| CN207277308U (en) | Bridge construction of pile groups monitors system to the soil disturbance of adjacent piles | |
| CN105971024A (en) | Testing method for dynamic response of model pile foundation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210622 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |