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CN113004728A - Coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113004728A
CN113004728A CN202110135464.3A CN202110135464A CN113004728A CN 113004728 A CN113004728 A CN 113004728A CN 202110135464 A CN202110135464 A CN 202110135464A CN 113004728 A CN113004728 A CN 113004728A
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coating
weight
hydrophilic
solution
cleaning ability
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Inventor
胡新将
周代玺
谭小飞
周雅惠
李江
刘佳琦
付倩敏
刘其卓
欧阳元昊
周文成
姜子扬
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Priority to CN202110135464.3A priority Critical patent/CN113004728A/en
Publication of CN113004728A publication Critical patent/CN113004728A/en
Priority to CN202210063901.XA priority patent/CN114350192B/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D4/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/24Electrically-conducting paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63Additives non-macromolecular organic

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Abstract

A coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability comprises 80-100 parts by weight of hydrophilic solvent, 0.01-10 parts by weight of precursor monomer, 0.01-0.5 part by weight of chain initiator, 0.01-1 part by weight of silane coupling agent, 0.01-1 part by weight of photoinitiator and 0-1 part by weight of antistatic agent; the precursor monomer comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene; the precursor monomer forms a network structure after crosslinking, interconnection or polymerization; the antistatic agent comprises one or more of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl phosphonium salt, alkyl sulfonic acid alkali metal salt, alkyl phosphoric acid alkali metal salt, alkyl dithio-carbamic acid alkali metal salt and ethoxylated fatty alkylamine. The coating has the characteristics of all weather, durability and good light transmittance.

Description

Coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coating, in particular to a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the infrastructure of China is continuously improved and developed, the problem of cleaning various buildings such as skyscrapers, giant stone carvings, large billboards and the like becomes a great problem, the traditional manual cleaning method not only consumes time and labor and has extremely high cost, but also has great potential safety hazard in cleaning work. In order to overcome the problems, in recent years, a plurality of antifouling paints applied to the outer wall of the building are developed, and the antifouling materials can reduce the deposition of pollutants on the surface of the building and delay the pollution of the outer wall of the building to a certain extent. However, the material is a temporary solution and a permanent solution, and according to the feedback discovery of the effect of the current practical application, the common antifouling paint in the market at present has the following defects:
firstly, the mechanical strength of the material is insufficient: the current antifouling material is basically a simple aqueous phase or alcohol phase solution, and is naturally solidified on the surface of the outer wall of the building by a spraying or wiping method. The bonding method is basically simple van der waals force or hydrogen bonding, has extremely low mechanical strength, and is difficult to resist the corrosion of natural conditions such as long-term wind blowing, sun exposure, rain and the like. Therefore, functional materials such as super-hydrophilic materials, photocatalytic materials and the like in the solution can be stripped from the surface of the coating, the coating can gradually lose the functional effects such as super-hydrophilicity, photocatalysis and the like, and the coating can be separated from the surface of the base material, so that the coating effect is completely lost;
secondly, the photocatalytic performance is lower: the photocatalyst adopted by the existing antifouling coating is basically titanium dioxide, the titanium dioxide really endows the material with photocatalytic performance, and the hydrophilicity of the coating can be improved to a certain extent, but the requirement of the titanium dioxide on a dissolving system and the particle size is extremely high, if a better dissolving system and a smaller particle size do not exist, the antifouling material added with the titanium dioxide can generate obvious white floccules, the transmittance of the coating on a series of base materials such as glass and the like is directly influenced, and the applicability, the operation simplicity and the attractiveness of the antifouling coating are reduced. In addition, as a photocatalyst which is relatively well researched, the lower photoelectric conversion efficiency and the lower visible light utilization rate of the titanium dioxide are always problematic, and the two defects also limit the application effect of the titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst in an antifouling material;
thirdly, poor removal capability of solid particles: in the time period of drought and rain, wind sand and flying dust are main pollution factors on the surface of a building, sand, dust and other solid pollutants with small particle size are easily adsorbed on the surface of the building under the condition, and the pollutants are gradually deposited and solidified when the rain wash is not in time, so that the pollutants are remained on the surface of an outer wall of the building, and the attractiveness of the building is influenced. Thus, conventional antifouling materials have difficulty in resisting such solid particulate contamination during rainy seasons or areas lacking rain water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an all-weather durable coating with good light transmittance and hydrophilic self-cleaning capability and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability comprises 80-100 parts by weight of hydrophilic solvent, 0.01-10 parts by weight of precursor monomer, 0.01-0.5 part by weight of chain initiator, 0.01-1 part by weight of silane coupling agent, 0.01-1 part by weight of photoinitiator and 0-1 part by weight of antistatic agent; the precursor monomer comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and derivatives thereof with crosslinking, interconnection or polymerization; the precursor monomer forms a network structure after crosslinking, interconnection or polymerization; the antistatic agent comprises one or more of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl phosphonium salt, alkyl sulfonic acid alkali metal salt, alkyl phosphoric acid alkali metal salt, alkyl dithio-carbamic acid alkali metal salt and ethoxylated fatty alkylamine.
In the above coating material having hydrophilic self-cleaning ability, preferably, the silane coupling agent includes one or more of vinyl silane, amino silane, epoxy silane, mercapto silane and methacryloxy silane.
Preferably, the chain initiator is one or more of a series of initiators including azo initiators, redox initiators, bifunctional and multifunctional initiators.
Preferably, the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability further comprises one or more of doped titanium dioxide, composite titanium dioxide, graphene, bismuth ferrite, bismuth vanadate and carbon nitride as a photocatalyst.
The above coating material with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability preferably comprises one or more of ethanol, methanol, propylene glycol and propylene glycol methyl ether.
A preparation method of a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving a precursor monomer in a half of hydrophilic solvent or pure water, and stirring for more than 1 minute at the water bath temperature of 25-50 ℃ to fully dissolve the precursor monomer in the hydrophilic solvent;
2) adding a chain initiator into the solution in the step 1) and uniformly mixing;
3) adding the remaining hydrophilic solvent to the solution in step 2);
4) adding a silane coupling agent into the solution obtained in the step 3), and stirring at normal temperature for more than 3 min;
5) adding a photoinitiator into the solvent in the step 4), and stirring for more than 5 minutes; and then standing to obtain the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability.
In the preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability, the antistatic agent is preferably added before stirring in the step 1).
In the preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability, the photocatalyst is preferably added before stirring in the step 1).
In the preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability, preferably, the preparation method of the carbon nitride in the photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
Figure 788542DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
calcining melamine in a sintering furnace at 3-5 deg.C for min-1Heating to 500 deg.C at a heating rate and maintaining for more than 2 hours to synthesize flake g-C3N4A solid, and the resulting flakes g-C3N4Grinding into powder;
Figure 684954DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
will be described in detail
Figure 825079DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The obtained flakes g-C3N4Placing the powder into a sintering furnace for secondary calcination, wherein the temperature in the sintering furnace is 1.5-2.5 ℃ for min-1Heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate and keeping for more than 1 hour to obtain twice calcined g-C3N4Nanosheets;
Figure 999445DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
will be described in detail
Figure 756179DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
g-C obtained3N4Nanosheet in concentrated HNO3And concentrated H2SO4Oxidizing the mixed solution for more than 15 hours; forming a clear solution;
Figure 925123DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
dilution step with deionized Water
Figure 434602DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The resulting clear solution formed a colloidal suspension; then acid was removed by microfiltration and washed with deionized water to give g-C3N4A nanoribbon;
Figure 765221DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
g to C3N4Dispersing the nanobelts in deionized water under the ultrasonic condition, transferring the obtained suspension into a high-pressure kettle, and heating for more than 8 hours at the temperature of 180-250 ℃;
Figure 209584DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
will be described in detail
Figure 916640DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Naturally cooling the solution in the high-pressure autoclave to room temperature, and filtering with a microporous filtering membrane to obtain g-C3N4(carbon nitride quantum dots).
Preferably, in the step 2), before the chain initiator is added to the solution in the step 1), the chain initiator is added to a diluent for dilution, and the weight concentration of the diluted chain initiator is 5-15%; the diluent is tetrahydrofuran.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the materials of the invention are common raw materials in industrial production, are cheap and easily available, and have better price advantage in practical application production. 2. By using high molecular materials such as acrylamide and the like, the functional materials can be well fixed on the surface of the base material. 3. The material disclosed by the invention has good hardness, adhesion performance and ageing resistance, and has small influence on the appearance and light transmittance of substrates such as glass and the like. 4. The material of the invention not only improves the utilization rate of sunlight, but also improves the degradation efficiency of pollutants. 5. The material disclosed by the invention has an antistatic property, and can reduce the adhesion condition of solid particles on the surface of a coating, so that the antifouling property of the coating is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a digital photograph of a coating having hydrophilic self-cleaning ability prepared in example 9.
Fig. 2 is a contact angle test digital photo of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability prepared in example 9 after being cured on tempered glass.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
It should be particularly noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to, connected to or communicated with" another element, it can be directly fixed to, connected to or communicated with the other element or indirectly fixed to, connected to or communicated with the other element through other intermediate connecting components.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability comprises 80-100 parts by weight of hydrophilic solvent, 0.01-10 parts by weight of precursor monomer, 0.01-0.5 part by weight of chain initiator, 0.01-1 part by weight of silane coupling agent, 0.01-1 part by weight of photoinitiator and 0-1 part by weight of antistatic agent; the precursor monomer comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and derivatives thereof with crosslinking, interconnection or polymerization; the precursor monomer forms a network structure after crosslinking, interconnection or polymerization; the antistatic agent comprises one or more of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl phosphonium salt, alkyl sulfonic acid alkali metal salt, alkyl phosphoric acid alkali metal salt, alkyl dithio-carbamic acid alkali metal salt and ethoxylated fatty alkylamine.
Antistatic agents are additives that are added to plastics or applied to the surface of molded articles to reduce static buildup. The antistatic agent is added into the coating, so that the resistivity of the surface of the material is reduced, solid small particles are difficult to adsorb on the surface of the base material, and the cleanness of the surface of the base material is kept.
In the present invention, the silane coupling agent includes one or more of vinyl silane, amino silane, epoxy silane, mercapto silane, and methacryloxy silane. The silane coupling agent is rich in siloxane groups and organic functional groups, wherein the siloxane groups have reactivity with inorganic substances, and the organic functional groups have reactivity or compatibility with organic substances. Thus, when a silane coupling agent intervenes between the inorganic and organic interfaces, a bonding layer of organic matrix-silane coupling agent-inorganic matrix may be formed. When the material is applied to the material, a bridge can be erected between the coating and the base material, and the adhesion of the coating on the base material is improved. It should be noted that the selection of the corresponding silane coupling agent should be easily soluble in the whole solution system, and cannot cause flocculation and precipitation reactions, which may damage the overall transparency of the solution. The silane coupling agent can be directly added into the precursor solution in the form of solution, or can be hydrolyzed in advance and then added into the precursor solution, and different adding modes are selected according to the characteristics of different silane coupling agents.
In the invention, the chain initiator comprises one or more of azo initiator, redox initiator, bifunctional and multifunctional initiator series. The chain initiator is a compound which is easily decomposed into free radicals (namely primary free radicals) by heating, can be used for initiating free radical polymerization and copolymerization of alkene and diene monomers, and can also be used for crosslinking curing and high polymer crosslinking of unsaturated polyester. In the present invention, the chain initiator mainly helps the precursor to polymerize into chains in the solution, and provides for the next crosslinking to form a network structure. The chain initiator can be directly added into the solution or dissolved in advance, and the adopted solvent comprises one or more of ethanol, methanol, propylene glycol methyl ether and the like.
The photocatalyst is also called photocatalyst, and is a generic name of semiconductor materials having a photocatalytic function represented by nano-sized titanium dioxide. A typical photocatalytic material is titanium dioxide, which generates a substance having a strong oxidizing property (e.g., hydroxyl radical, oxygen, etc.) under light irradiation, and is useful for decomposing organic compounds, partially inorganic compounds, killing bacteria and viruses, etc. The photocatalyst is added into the coating, so that the removal capability of the coating on organic pollutants in the air can be improved, the organic pollutants attached to the coating can be decomposed through a photoelectric reaction, and the effect of keeping the surface of the base material clean is finally achieved. The photocatalyst applied by the invention should be a nano-scale photocatalyst, including but not limited to a series of photocatalytic materials such as doped titanium dioxide, composite titanium dioxide, graphene, bismuth ferrite, bismuth vanadate, carbon nitride and the like, and in addition, the nano-scale photocatalyst can be directly prepared by a production unit through a separate preparation method. The photocatalyst is dissolved in a corresponding solution system in advance, so that the photocatalyst can be combined in the whole coating layer in the later reaction to the maximum extent, and the stability and the transparency of the solution are maintained.
In the present invention, the coating material may further contain a pH adjuster including one or more of dilute hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, or other pH adjusters may be used.
In the present invention, the hydrophilic solvent includes one or more of ethanol, methanol, propylene glycol and propylene glycol methyl ether.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving a precursor monomer in a half of hydrophilic solvent or pure water, and stirring for more than 1 minute at the water bath temperature of 25-50 ℃ to fully dissolve the precursor monomer in the hydrophilic solvent;
2) adding a chain initiator into the solution in the step 1) and uniformly mixing;
3) adding the remaining hydrophilic solvent to the solution in step 2);
4) adding a silane coupling agent into the solution obtained in the step 3), and stirring at normal temperature for more than 3 min;
5) adding a photoinitiator into the solvent in the step 4), and stirring for more than 5 minutes; and then standing to obtain the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning capability.
In the present invention, an antistatic agent may be added before the stirring in step 1).
In the present invention, the photocatalyst may be added before the stirring in step 1).
In the invention, in the step 2), before the chain initiator is added into the solution in the step 1), the chain initiator is firstly added into a diluent for dilution, and the weight concentration of the diluted chain initiator is 5-15%; the diluent is tetrahydrofuran.
In the present invention, the photocatalyst is preferably graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C)3N4) Also called carbon nitride quantum dots, the preparation method of the graphite phase carbon nitride comprises the following steps:
Figure 93674DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
calcining melamine in a sintering furnace at 3-5 deg.C for min-1Heating to 500 deg.C at a heating rate and maintaining for more than 2 hours to synthesize flake g-C3N4A solid, and the resulting flakes g-C3N4Grinding into powder;
Figure 532877DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
will be described in detail
Figure 513471DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The obtained flakes g-C3N4Placing the powder into a sintering furnace for secondary calcination, wherein the temperature in the sintering furnace is 1.5-2.5 ℃ for min-1Heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate and keeping for more than 1 hour to obtain twice calcined g-C3N4Nanosheets;
Figure 574618DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
will be described in detail
Figure 668476DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
g-C obtained3N4Nanosheet in concentrated HNO3And concentrated H2SO4Oxidizing the mixed solution for more than 15 hours; forming a clear solution;
Figure 809739DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
dilution step with deionized Water
Figure 291011DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The resulting clear solution formed a colloidal suspension; then acid was removed by microfiltration and washed with deionized water to give g-C3N4A nanoribbon;
Figure 543132DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
g to C3N4Dispersing the nanobelts in deionized water under the ultrasonic condition, transferring the obtained suspension into a high-pressure kettle, and heating for more than 8 hours at the temperature of 180-250 ℃;
Figure 898021DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
will be described in detail
Figure 6922DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Naturally cooling the solution in the high-pressure autoclave to room temperature, and filtering with a microporous filtering membrane to obtain g-C3N4
Example 1
In this embodiment, a precursor acrylamide is used to prepare a polymer material, and the polymer material is modified to have hydrophilicity, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
14.216 g of acrylamide solid is dissolved in 100 mL of ultrapure water, the solution is stirred for 3min at the rotation speed of 200 rpm in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 30 ℃ to be fully dissolved, then 0.1 mL of (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane solution is added, the volume fraction of the (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane solution is 10 percent, the diluent of the (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane is tetrahydrofuran, then 1 mL of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1 mol/L is added, then 0.57 mL of silane coupling agent TMSPMA is added, the mixture is stirred for 5 min at the temperature of 30 ℃, finally 0.2 mL of 0.1 mol/L photoinitiator I-2959 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 10min and then stands for standby;
spraying the prepared coating on toughened glass by a high-pressure spray gun, naturally drying for 24 hours, and then curing to form a film, wherein the transparency of the coating is measured by observing the light transmittance of the glass surface; judging the hydrophilicity of the solution through a water contact angle; the hardness of the coating layer on the surface of the glass is judged by rubbing for 50 times by a rubbing machine; judging the anti-aging performance of the coating layer on the surface of the glass through a xenon lamp aging test of 50 hours, and measuring the photocatalysis performance of the coating through a removal test of methylene blue liquid drops with the concentration of 5 mg/L; the antistatic properties of the coating were measured by observing the retention of the powder on the glass surface.
The coating according to the invention was tested by the test method described in the supplementary contents of the examples, the test results of example 1 are shown in table 1, and based on the test results we found that example 1 already has hydrophilic properties and at the same time has good hardness and aging resistance, but the coating described in example 1 has poor transparency, which severely limits the application range of the coating. The inventors searched a large number of documents and found that the concentration of the precursor has a great influence on the viscosity of the coating layer, and therefore, it is presumed that the transparency of the coating layer can be improved by lowering the concentration of the precursor, and thus, example 2 and example 3 were designed.
Example 2
The amount of acrylamide added in step (1) was changed to 7.1797 g, and the amounts of other test materials and the preparation steps were the same as those of example 1 to obtain the coating material prepared in example 2, and then the same coating method and measurement method as those of example 1 were performed to measure the properties of the coating material prepared in example 2;
example 3
The amount of acrylamide added in step (1) was changed to 3.5899 g, and the amounts of other test materials and the preparation steps were the same as those of example 1 to obtain the coating material prepared in example 3, and then the same coating method and measurement method as those of example 1 were performed to measure the properties of the coating material prepared in example 3;
from the effects of examples 2 and 3 shown in table 1, it can be seen that the transparency of the coating is indeed improved by reducing the concentration of the precursor, but as the concentration of the precursor is reduced, the anti-aging performance and hardness of the coating are gradually reduced, which leads to the coating losing its hydrophilicity and anti-fouling performance very quickly, so that a better precursor concentration, which has both good transparency and good anti-aging performance and hardness, needs to be found.
Example 4
The amount of acrylamide added in step (1) was changed to 5.3848 g, and the amounts of other test materials and the preparation steps were the same as those of example 1 to obtain the coating material prepared in example 4, and then the same coating method and measurement method as those of example 1 were performed to measure the properties of the coating material prepared in example 4;
table 1: comparison of the Properties of the coatings of examples 1, 2, 3, 4
Example of implementation Transparency of Hydrophilicity Hardness of Aging resistance Photocatalytic property Antistatic properties
Example 1 × × ×
Example 2 × × ×
Example 3 × × × ×
Example 4 × ×
Note: in the table, "×" indicates that the coating had no or poor properties, and "√" indicates that the properties are superior
The results in Table 1 show that the transparency of the coating gradually improves with decreasing precursor concentration, but the hardness and the aging resistance are attenuated. The inventor finds out a better precursor concentration through a large number of literature consultations and experimental verifications so as to carry out the next experiment. Meanwhile, it can also be seen that the coatings described in examples 1 to 4 do not have antistatic and photocatalytic properties and do not achieve the desired effects because no photocatalyst and antistatic agent are added, and the following examples are listed for discussion.
Example 5
The amount of acrylamide added in step (1) in example 1 was fixed at 5.3848 g, and step (2) and step (3):
(2) preparation method of graphite phase carbon nitride
First, melamine was put in a muffle furnace at 5 ℃ for min-1Heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate and maintaining for 4 hours to synthesize flake g-C3N4Solid, then flake g-C3N4Ground into a powder for further use. Then 1 g of flakes g-C3N4Placing into a ceramic crucible at 2.3 deg.C for min-1Is heated to 550 ℃ and kept for 2 hours to obtain the twice calcined g-C3N4Nanosheets. Subsequently, under sonication, 200 mg of g-C3N420 mL HNO for nanosheet3And H2SO4And oxidizing for 18 hours. The clear isThe clear solution was diluted with 300 mL of deionized water to form a colloidal suspension, filtered through a 0.45um microporous membrane to remove the acid, and washed with deionized water to obtain g-C3N4Nanobelts (CNNR), isolation yield about 50% CNNRs were dispersed in 20 mL of deionized water under ultrasonic conditions for 2h, and then the suspension was transferred to a 20 mL teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and heated at a temperature of 200 ℃ for 10 h. Finally, after naturally cooling to room temperature, the resulting solution was filtered through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane to obtain colorless g-C3N4Quantum dots (graphite phase carbon nitride).
(3) Compounding method
Adding 1mg of carbon quantum dots into the acrylamide solution prepared in the first step to ensure that the coating has certain photocatalysis, stirring the solution for 5 min in a water bath kettle at 30 ℃ at a rotating speed of 200 rpm, finally placing the solution under a 200W 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and illuminating for 60min to obtain the coating described in the example 5, and then performing the same coating method and measuring method as those in the example 1 to measure the performance of the coating prepared in the example 5;
example 6
Fixing the addition amount of acrylamide in the step (1) to 5.3848 g, changing the addition amount of carbon quantum dots in the step (3) to 2 mg, and using the amount and preparation steps of other experimental materials to the same as those of the example 5 to obtain the coating prepared in the example 6, and then performing the same coating method and measurement method as those of the example 1 to measure the performance of the coating prepared in the example 6;
example 7
Fixing the addition amount of acrylamide in the step (1) to 5.3848 g, changing the addition amount of carbon quantum dots in the step (3) to 3 mg, and using the amounts and preparation steps of other experimental materials to the same as those of the example 5 to obtain the coating prepared in the example 7, and then performing the same coating method and measurement method as those of the example 1 to measure the performance of the coating prepared in the example 7;
example 8
Fixing the addition amount of acrylamide in the step (1) to 5.3848 g, changing the addition amount of carbon quantum dots in the step (3) to 0mg, simultaneously adding an antistatic agent of tin antimony oxide before heating and stirring in a water bath kettle in the step (3) to ensure that the mass fraction of the antistatic agent in the solution is 2 ‱, and carrying out the same application and preparation steps as those of the example 5 on the other experimental materials to obtain the coating prepared in the example 8, and then carrying out the same application method and measurement method as those of the example 1 to measure the performance of the coating prepared in the example 8;
the performance effects of the coatings described in examples 5-8 are shown in Table 2, and the addition of carbon quantum dots imparts photocatalytic performance to the coatings, but does not impart antistatic properties to the coatings; antistatic properties can be achieved by the specific addition of antistatic agents to the solution.
Example 9
The amount of acrylamide added in step (1) was fixed to 5.3848 g, the amount of carbon quantum dots added in step (3) was fixed to 1mg, antimony tin oxide was added as an antistatic agent to the solution so that the final mass fraction was 2 ‱, the amounts of other experimental materials and the preparation steps were the same as those of example 5, to obtain the coating material prepared in example 9, and then the same coating method and measurement method as those of example 1 were performed to measure the properties of the coating material prepared in example 9.
Table 2: comparison of the Properties of the coatings of examples 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Example of implementation Transparency of Hydrophilicity Hardness of Aging resistance Photocatalytic property Antistatic properties
Example 4 × ×
Example 5 ×
Example 6 ×
Example 7 × ×
Example 8 ×
Example 9
From table 2, it is known that the addition of a certain amount of carbon quantum dots and tin antimony oxide not only does not affect the basic performance of the coating, but also enables the coating to have good photocatalysis and antistatic properties, which indicates that the coating prepared by the method of the present invention not only has good transparency and hydrophilicity and good adhesion, but also has both photocatalysis and antistatic properties, and has good effects on antifouling and self-cleaning of building material surfaces.
The invention relates to a method and a basis for measuring the performance of a coating of an article.
(1) Transparency: according to the GB/T5433-2008 daily glass luminous transmittance determination method, the transmissivity of glass coated with the coating is detected by a spectrophotometer, if the luminous transmittance of the coating is more than 51 percent, the coating is judged to have transparency, the color difference between the coating and a blank coating can be visually observed, and if no obvious difference exists, the coating can be judged to have transparency;
(2) hydrophilicity: according to the national standard GB/T24368-2009 glass surface hydrophobic pollutant detection contact angle measurement method, dripping liquid drops on a detected surface through an installed syringe, photographing lying drops, measuring an angle by using a protractor, and judging that the coating has hydrophilicity if the water contact angle is less than 20 degrees;
(3) hardness: according to the national standard GB/T6739-2006 colored paint and varnish pencil method for determining paint film hardness, a mechanical trolley for fixing a pencil with certain hardness is placed on a test plate coated with a coating to be detected, the test plate is pushed for at least 7mm, then a magnifier is used for observing whether scratches exceeding 3mm are left, and if the pencil with the hardness of 2H is scratched, no trace is left, the pencil with the hardness of 2H can be judged to have better hardness;
(4) aging resistance: according to the national standard GB/T1865-2009 color paint and varnish artificial weathering and artificial radiation exposure filtering xenon arc radiation, a test plate coated with a coating is placed in an artificial weathering box, and the radiation intensity of a xenon lamp is set to be 50W/m2If the coating still has hydrophilicity after being irradiated for 50 hours, judging that the coating has the anti-aging performance;
(5) photocatalytic performance: spraying 10mg/L methylene blue solution on the coating, standing for 10h under natural illumination, and observing the surface of the coating by visual observation, wherein if blue liquid drop traces are not obvious, the coating can be judged to be photocatalytic;
(6) antistatic property: referring to GB/T1410-2006 solid insulating material volume resistivity and surface resistivity test method, a surface resistance tester is directly placed on the surface of the coating, and if the surface resistivity is measured to be less than 1 multiplied by 109 Omega/m, the coating is judged to have antistatic property, or if the amount of the loose powder staying on the surface of the coating is less than 20 percent, the coating is judged to have antistatic property by lightly scattering the loose powder on the surface of the coating which is vertically placed.

Claims (10)

1.一种具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料,其特征在于:包括80-100重量份亲水性溶剂、0.01-10重量份的前驱体单体、0.01-0.5重量份的链引发剂、0.01-1重量份的硅烷偶联剂、0.01-1重量份的光引发剂和0-1重量份的抗静电剂;所述前驱体单体包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯及其具有交联、互连或者聚合的衍生物中的一种或者多种;所述前驱体单体经过交联、互连或者聚合后形成网状结构;所述抗静电剂包括烷基季铵盐、烷基磷盐、烷基鏻盐、烷基磺酸碱金属盐、烷基磷酸碱金属盐、烷基二硫代氨基甲酸碱金属盐以及乙氧基化脂肪族烷基胺中的一种或多种。1. a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability is characterized in that: comprising 80-100 parts by weight of hydrophilic solvents, 0.01-10 parts by weight of precursor monomers, 0.01-0.5 parts by weight of chain initiators, 0.01 -1 part by weight of a silane coupling agent, 0.01-1 part by weight of a photoinitiator and 0-1 part by weight of an antistatic agent; the precursor monomers include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and one or more of its derivatives that are cross-linked, interconnected or polymerized; the precursor monomers are cross-linked, interconnected or polymerized to form a network structure; the antistatic agent includes alkyl quaternary Ammonium salts, alkylphosphonium salts, alkylphosphonium salts, alkali metal alkyl sulfonates, alkali metal alkyl phosphates, alkali metal alkyl dithiocarbamates, and ethoxylated aliphatic alkyl amines one or more of. 2.根据权利要求1所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料,其特征在于:所述硅烷偶联剂包括乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷、环氧基硅烷、巯基硅烷和甲基丙烯酰氧基硅烷中的一种或者多种。2. The coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent comprises vinyl silane, amino silane, epoxy silane, mercapto silane and methacryloxy One or more of silanes. 3.根据权利要求1所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料,其特征在于:所述链引发剂为包括偶氮引发剂、氧化还原引发剂、双官能度及多官能度引发剂系列中的一种或多种。3. the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described chain initiator is to comprise in azo initiator, redox initiator, bifunctional and multifunctional initiator series one or more of. 4.根据权利要求1所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料,其特征在于:所述涂料还包括光催化剂包含掺杂型二氧化钛、复合型二氧化钛、石墨烯、铁酸铋、钒酸铋、氮化碳中的一种或者多种。4. The coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coating further comprises a photocatalyst comprising doped titanium dioxide, composite titanium dioxide, graphene, bismuth ferrite, bismuth vanadate, One or more of carbon nitride. 5.根据权利要求1所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料,其特征在于:所述亲水性溶剂包括乙醇、甲醇、丙二醇和丙二醇甲醚中的一种或多种。5 . The coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic solvent comprises one or more of ethanol, methanol, propylene glycol and propylene glycol methyl ether. 6 . 6.一种根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:6. a preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to any one of claims 1-5, is characterized in that: 包括以下步骤:Include the following steps: 1)将前驱体单体溶解在一半的亲水性溶剂中或者纯水中,在25-50℃的水浴温度下搅拌1分钟以上,使得前驱体单体充分溶解在亲水性溶剂中;1) Dissolve the precursor monomer in half of the hydrophilic solvent or pure water, and stir for more than 1 minute at a water bath temperature of 25-50 °C, so that the precursor monomer is fully dissolved in the hydrophilic solvent; 2)将链引发剂加入到步骤1)中的溶液中并且混合均匀;2) Add the chain initiator to the solution in step 1) and mix well; 3)向步骤2)中的溶液中加入剩下的亲水性溶剂;3) adding the remaining hydrophilic solvent to the solution in step 2); 4)向步骤3)中的溶液中加入硅烷偶联剂,并且在常温下搅拌3min以上;4) Add a silane coupling agent to the solution in step 3), and stir at room temperature for more than 3 minutes; 5)向步骤4)的溶剂中加入光引发剂,搅拌5分钟以上;然后静置,得到具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料。5) Add a photoinitiator to the solvent in step 4) and stir for more than 5 minutes; then let stand to obtain a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability. 7.根据权利要求6所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤1)中搅拌前加入抗静电剂。7 . The method for preparing a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 6 , wherein an antistatic agent is added before stirring in step 1). 8 . 8.根据权利要求6所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤1)中搅拌前加入光催化剂。8 . The method for preparing a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 6 , wherein a photocatalyst is added before stirring in step 1). 9 . 9.根据权利要求8所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述光催化剂中的氮化碳的制备方法包括以下步骤:9. The preparation method of the coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the carbon nitride in the described photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
Figure 225949DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
将三聚氰胺在烧结炉内进行煅烧,烧结炉内以 3-5℃min-1的升温速率加热到500℃,并保持2小时以上,合成了片状g-C3N4固体,并且将得到的片状g-C3N4研磨成粉末;
Figure 225949DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The melamine was calcined in a sintering furnace, heated to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃ min -1 in the sintering furnace, and kept for more than 2 hours to synthesize flake gC3N4 solid, and the obtained flakes gC 3 N 4 is ground into powder;
Figure 812919DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
将步骤
Figure 550543DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
得到的片状g-C3N4粉末,放到烧结炉内进行二次煅烧,烧结炉内1.5-2.5℃min-1的升温速率加热到550℃,并保持1小时以上,获得二次煅烧的 g-C3N4 纳米片;
Figure 812919DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
move the steps
Figure 550543DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The obtained flake gC 3 N 4 powder is placed in a sintering furnace for secondary calcination, and the heating rate of 1.5-2.5 ℃ min -1 in the sintering furnace is heated to 550 ℃ and kept for more than 1 hour to obtain secondary calcined gC 3N4 nanosheets ;
Figure 564767DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
将步骤
Figure 305452DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
得到的g-C3N4纳米片在浓HNO3 和 浓H2SO4的混合溶液中氧化15小时以上;形成澄清溶液;
Figure 564767DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
move the steps
Figure 305452DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The obtained gC 3 N 4 nanosheets are oxidized in a mixed solution of concentrated HNO 3 and concentrated H 2 SO 4 for more than 15 hours; a clear solution is formed;
Figure 26939DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
用去离子水稀释步骤
Figure 621999DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
得到的澄清溶液,形成胶体悬浮液;然后用微孔过滤除去酸,并用去离子水洗涤,得到g-C3N4 纳米带;
Figure 26939DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Dilution step with deionized water
Figure 621999DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The resulting clear solution forms a colloidal suspension; the acid is then removed by microfiltration and washed with deionized water to obtain gC3N4 nanobelts ;
Figure 72703DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
将g-C3N4 纳米带在超声条件下分散在去离子是这个你,然后将得到的悬浮液转移到高压釜中,在180-250℃的条件下加热8小时以上;
Figure 72703DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Disperse gC3N4 nanoribbons in deionized water under ultrasonic conditions, then transfer the resulting suspension to an autoclave and heat at 180-250 °C for more than 8 hours;
Figure 222056DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
将步骤
Figure 413479DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
中高压釜中的溶液自然冷却到室温,用微孔过滤膜过滤得到g-C3N4
Figure 222056DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
move the steps
Figure 413479DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The solution in the medium-high pressure autoclave was naturally cooled to room temperature, and filtered with a microporous membrane to obtain gC 3 N 4 .
10.根据权利要求6所述的具有亲水自清洁能力的涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中,在链引发剂加入到步骤1)中的溶液之前,先将链引发剂加入到稀释剂中进行稀释,稀释后链引发剂的重量浓度为5%-15%;稀释剂为四氢呋喃。10. The method for preparing a coating with hydrophilic self-cleaning ability according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2), before the chain initiator is added to the solution in the step 1), the chain initiator is first The diluent is added into the diluent for dilution, and the weight concentration of the chain initiator after the dilution is 5%-15%; the diluent is tetrahydrofuran.
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