CN113004311B - 一种氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针、其制备方法及在金离子检测中的应用 - Google Patents
一种氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针、其制备方法及在金离子检测中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种检测金离子的氟硼二吡咯荧光探针制备方法和应用,该荧光探针的结构如式(I)所示。该探针可选择性的识别金离子,在乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH7.0)中,该探针与金离子作用后,在540nm处的强荧光发射到几乎没有荧光的剧烈变化,检测限为180nM(36ppb),并具有极强的检测选择性和灵敏度,可用于裸眼定性鉴别和荧光定量检测金离子。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于荧光传感检测技术领域,具体涉及一种基于氟硼二吡咯光化合物,对金离子有高选择性的荧光减弱检测的荧光探针。
背景技术
金作为一种贵重金属,以其独特的物理和化学性能广泛应用于电子材料、医药以及催化剂等领域,这不仅是因为金离子及其络合物可以催化许多化学反应,而且金物种还有独特的生物学特性和用途。如金离子具抗炎特性,被用作治疗诸如关节炎,结核病和癌症等疾病的药物;另外,金纳米颗粒还可以用于药物和基因递送系统的载体。但是,金离子本身高反应活性,对人体有潜在的毒性。研究表明,金离子可以与蛋白质,DNA和其他生物分子相互作用,从而干扰一系列细胞过程。另外,金离子还会严重损害肝脏,肾脏和周围神经系统。所以,有必要开发用于实时监测环境金离子的检测方法。
目前用于检测金离子的方法还有原子吸收法、原子发射法、电感耦合等离子体法以及离子质谱法等。但是这些方法有比较复杂的前处理、熟练的操作和昂贵的仪器成本等缺点,相比之下,荧光探针方法检测具有灵敏度高、选择性好、响应速度快、操作简便等优点,适用于高通量筛选应用,并能很快的在定性和定量上得到目标检测物的真实信息。因此,开发出高效检测金离子的荧光探针具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针、其制备方法及其对金离子进行高效的荧光检测技术。
一种氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针,其结构式如下:
本发明的氟硼二吡咯荧光探针,在氟硼共轭结构中引入炔丙胺,通过探针与金离子独有的催化反应,实现探针高选择性识别检测金离子。在测试体系中,即乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中,该探针在540nm处有强绿色荧光,在与金离子响应后,荧光减弱至无,对金离子的检测限为180nM(36ppb),具有强检测选择性和检测灵敏度,并可用于裸眼定性鉴别和荧光定量检测。
本发明还提供了一种所述的金离子氟硼二吡咯荧光探针的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
化合物(1,5,7-三甲基-3-氯-2-甲酸甲酯氟硼二吡咯)和炔丙胺溶于四氢呋喃溶剂中,加热反应,反应结束后经过后处理得到所述的金离子氟硼二吡咯荧光探针。
反应方程式如下:
具体制备方法如下:
将化合物1(1,5,7-三甲基-3-氯-2-甲酸甲酯氟硼二吡咯)和炔丙胺以摩尔比1:1~1:1.5溶于无水四氢呋喃溶剂中,氮气保护下加热至50度反应1-2h后,减压旋干至油状物,用硅胶柱色谱进行纯化,用乙酸乙酯和石油醚=1:10~1:5(v/v)作为洗脱剂进行分离,得到金离子荧光探针。
本发明还提供了一种所述的氟硼二吡咯荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用。
采用本发明的氟硼二吡咯荧光探针可以对金离子进行定性检测,具体方法如下:向荧光探针的乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中加入待测液,然后采用365nm激发光进行照射,观测探针溶液的荧光变化,并根据探针溶液荧光变化来判断是否含有金离子。当探针溶液的荧光从强绿色淬灭至无时,说明含有一定量的金离子,否则,说明基本不含有金离子。
采用本发明的氟硼二吡咯荧光探针可以对金离子进行定量检测,方法如下:向荧光探针乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中,然后用480nm激发测定荧光发射光谱,得到加入待测液前后的探针在540nm处荧光变化值,然后将荧光变化值与标准曲线进行对比,得到待测液中的金离子含量。
进一步地,所述金离子的定量检测的范围为0~25μmol/L。
同现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:该探针在测试体系乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中,直接检测金离子,与金离子作用后,在540nm处荧光发射强度有明显减弱,对金离子的检测限为180nM(36ppb),具有很高的灵敏度;同时,其他金属离子对识别没有干扰,该探针可适用于对金离子的裸眼定性鉴别和荧光定量检测痕量金离子,具有较高的选择性;最后针对一定浓度范围的金离子,在540nm处的荧光值与金离子具有较好的线性关系,因此,可以较准确地进行定量。
附图说明
图1为本发明荧光探针对金离子的荧光发射谱图。
图2为本发明荧光探针在540nm处的荧光比值变化(F/F0)随不同浓度金离子作用后的线形图。
图3为本发明荧光探针在不同pH条件下对金离子作用后在540nm荧光发射值。
图4为不同金属离子存在条件下本发明荧光探针对金离子的荧光发射响应值。
图5为实施例1制备的金离子荧光探针纯品核磁氢谱图(CDCl3)
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取化合物1,5,7-三甲基-3-氯-2-甲酸甲酯氟硼二吡咯(0.4g,1.4mmol)溶于干燥四氢呋喃(20ml)中,再加入炔丙胺(0.1g,1.8mmol),在氮气氛围下加热至50度反应2小时;反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂至油状物,用硅胶柱色谱进行纯化,用乙酸乙酯和石油醚=1:5(v/v)作为洗脱剂进行分离,得到红色固体荧光探针(产率51%,纯度98%),核磁氢谱图如图5。核磁数据如下:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.47(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),6.05(s,1H),4.69(s,2H),3.88(s,3H),2.49(s,3H),2.44(s,3H),2.38(s,1H),2.24(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ166.4,157.9,150.2,146.3,135.7,131.2,130.9,117.6,115.8,107.7,79.3,72.7,51.6,34.6,14.4,12.2,11.1.
实施例2
荧光探针对不同金离子响应的荧光发射谱图:将探针溶于乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中配置成浓度为2.5μmol/L的溶液,而后滴加0-50μmol/L金离子的水溶液,待平衡后,测定荧光发射光谱,结果见图1。
实施例3
荧光探针在540nm处的荧光比值变化(F/F0)随不同浓度金离子作用后的线形图:将探针溶于乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中配置成浓度为2.5μmol/L(μM)的溶液,而后滴加0-25μmol/L金离子的水溶液,待平衡后,测定荧光发射光谱,取540nm处荧光强度与对应金离子浓度数据作图,结果见图2。
由图2可知,探针在540nm处的荧光值会随着金离子的浓度成线性关系变化,并计算出探针对金离子的检测限(LOD)为180nM(36ppb),由此,可根据荧光值变化对环境水样品中金离子进行定量。
实施例4
荧光探针对不同金属离子作用后的在540nm处荧光发射值变化:将探针溶于乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(v/v,1/1,pH 7.0)中配置成浓度为2.5μmol/L的溶液,而后滴加50μmol/L不同金属离子的水溶液,待平衡后,测定荧光发射光谱,并在不同金属离子存在干扰下,测定探针对金离子的荧光发射响应,整理结果见图3。
由图3可知,探针的荧光发射值比只对金离子有很大的淬灭变化,并且不受其他金属离子的检测干扰。
实施例5
荧光探针在不同pH条件下对金离子作用后在540nm处荧光发射值变化:将探针溶于乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液(pH 4~10之间)中配置成浓度为2.5μmol/L的溶液,而后滴加50μmol/L金离子,待平衡后,测定荧光发射光谱,整理结果见图4。
由图4可知,当pH处于4-8范围时,有利于探针对金离字响应,荧光减弱响应比较明显,因此,该探针检测金离子适宜的pH范围为4-8。
Claims (8)
3.根据权利要求2所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于,1,5,7-三甲基-3-氯-2-甲酸甲酯氟硼二吡咯和炔丙胺的投料摩尔比为1:1~1:1.5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用,其特征在于,检测方法如下:向荧光探针的乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液中加入待测液,然后采用365nm光进行照射,观测探针溶液的荧光变化,并根据探针溶液的荧光变化来判断是否含有金离子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用,其特征在于,检测方法如下:向荧光探针的乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液中加入待测液,然后测定荧光发射光谱,得到加入待测液前后的荧光变化值,然后将荧光变化值与标准曲线进行对比,得到待测液中的金离子含量。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用,其特征在于,所述的乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液的体积比为1:1,pH值为7.0。
8.根据权利要求7所述的氟硼二吡咯类荧光探针在金离子检测中的应用,其特征在于,所述荧光探针在乙醇/PBS缓冲溶液中的浓度为2~3μmol/L。
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