CN113001714A - A method for preparing foamed concrete blocks using gold tailings as main raw materials - Google Patents
A method for preparing foamed concrete blocks using gold tailings as main raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN113001714A CN113001714A CN202110182100.0A CN202110182100A CN113001714A CN 113001714 A CN113001714 A CN 113001714A CN 202110182100 A CN202110182100 A CN 202110182100A CN 113001714 A CN113001714 A CN 113001714A
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- gold tailings
- foamed concrete
- gold
- concrete block
- main raw
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical group [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007255 decyanation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010891 toxic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
- B28B11/145—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting for dividing block-shaped bodies of expanded materials, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
- B28C5/006—Methods for mixing involving mechanical aspects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
一种利用黄金尾矿为主原料制备发泡混凝土砌块的方法，包括用清水对黄金尾矿进行反复洗涤，对洗涤后的黄金尾矿进行湿法筛分，将细于120目的黄金尾矿与水、水泥和助剂进行配合制备水泥浆；对水泥浆进行发泡，之后导入模具，恒温养护3天，自然养护25天后，即得符合国家泡沫混凝土砌块JC/T 1062—2007的标准的发泡混凝土砌块。本发明处理工艺简单，可以实现零排放、全回收，不会带来二次污染，在成品发泡混凝土砌块中，黄金尾矿的使用量不低于75%，能够将黄金尾矿最大限度地消耗掉，有较好的经济效益和环境效益。
A method for preparing foamed concrete blocks using gold tailings as main raw materials, comprising repeatedly washing the gold tailings with clean water, wet-screening the washed gold tailings, and separating the gold tailings finer than 120 meshes by a wet method. Mix with water, cement and additives to prepare cement slurry; foam the cement slurry, then introduce it into a mold, maintain it at a constant temperature for 3 days, and after natural curing for 25 days, it can meet the national standard for foam concrete blocks JC/T 1062-2007 of foamed concrete blocks. The invention has a simple treatment process, can achieve zero discharge and full recovery, and will not bring about secondary pollution. In the finished foamed concrete block, the amount of gold tailings used is not less than 75%, and the gold tailings can be maximized It has good economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recovery treatment and utilization of gold tailings, in particular to a method for preparing a foamed concrete block by using gold tailings as a main raw material.
Background
In recent years, gold enterprises develop rapidly, and the yield of gold tailings is increased year by year. At present, gold tailings are mostly piled in a tailing pond, so that a large amount of land is occupied, and the adverse effect on the surrounding environment is caused. Meanwhile, a great deal of gold tailings are piled up to cause great potential safety hazard, and the embarrassment situation that the gold tailings can be buried without land is met with the continuous increase of the gold tailings stock. With the gradual attention of the country to the environmental protection problem, the 'fixed production with slag' is realized in part of regions, continuous production is not allowed under the condition that no effective method is used for consuming historical inventory, the tailing output is reduced from the source, and the gold tailings become the bottleneck restricting the development of gold enterprises.
The foamed concrete block has the characteristics of light weight, heat preservation, heat insulation, earthquake resistance, easy processing, strong adaptability, low cost and the like, and is widely applicable to the civil engineering fields of building heat preservation, houses and the like.
The chemical composition analysis of the gold tailings shows that the gold tailings contain more SiO2And certain amounts of Fe, AL and Mg elements which are the material bases for the silicate building materials. However, in the process of gold flotation, a large amount of flotation reagents are often needed to assist the flotation process, and the reagents are remained in the remaining gold tailings after flotation, so that the gold tailings have high toxicity, and the gold tailings are not suitable for industrial production using the gold tailings as raw materials.
Therefore, how to reasonably process and treat the gold tailings to enable the gold tailings to be used as a main raw material for producing the foam mixing wall material is necessary for the resource treatment of the gold tailings.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: the method can consume toxic waste-gold tailings to the maximum extent, solves the problems of large yield and difficult disposal of the gold tailings, has no secondary pollution in the preparation process, and gives consideration to economic benefit and environmental benefit, and the foamed concrete block wall material prepared by the method has the advantages of high yield, good mechanical strength, low cost and the like, and meets the standard of national foamed concrete blocks JC/T1062-2007.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for preparing a foamed concrete block by using gold tailings as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
step one, repeatedly washing the gold tailings by using clear water to remove residual medicament in the gold tailings to prepare pretreated gold tailings for later use;
step two, performing wet screening on the pretreated gold tailings prepared in the step one to screen out materials with the particle size not larger than 120 meshes, then performing solid-liquid separation on the materials, and taking the obtained solids as a gold tailing fine selection material for later use;
step three, respectively taking the gold tailing fine selection material prepared in the step two, water, cement and an auxiliary agent according to the mass ratio of (2-3) to (4) (1-1.5) to 0.02, putting the gold tailing fine selection material, the water, the cement and the auxiliary agent into a stirrer, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare cement paste for later use;
step four, according to the mass ratio of 1 (20-30), placing a foaming agent and water in a foaming machine to prepare foam, wherein the amount of the foaming agent is 0.8-1% of the mass of the gold tailing fine selection material in the step three;
step five, introducing the foam prepared in the step four into the cement paste prepared in the step three, fully and uniformly mixing, introducing the obtained slurry into a mold, performing constant-temperature curing at 50-60 ℃ for 3 days, and performing natural curing for 25 days to prepare a module for later use;
and step six, demolding and cutting the module prepared in the step five to obtain the finished product of the foamed concrete block.
Furthermore, in the first step, the third step and the fourth step, the water is common production water.
Further, in the second step, the water content of the solid obtained after the solid-liquid separation is not more than 30%.
Further, in the third step, the cement is portland cement.
Further, in the third step, the auxiliary agent is prepared from (4-5) by mass: (2-3): (3-4): (5-6): and (1-2) an expanding agent, a water repellent, a foam stabilizer, a reinforcing agent and a flame retardant.
Further, in the third step, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 1000-1500rpm, and the stirring time is 5-8 min.
Further, in the fourth step, the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Further, in the fourth step, the stirring speed of the foaming machine is 2000-2800rpm, and the stirring time is 6-10 min.
Further, in the fifth step, the natural curing is performed at normal temperature.
Further, in the sixth step, the release agent used in the release process is an aqueous release agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is characterized in that the gold tailings are used as a main raw material, natural water is used as a power source to perform a series of operations such as washing, screening, impurity removal and product production on materials in the whole process, the steps of the whole process are simple, the operation is convenient, the use of organic solvents and toxic chemicals is avoided, and the method is safe and environment-friendly. The main auxiliary materials of the foamed concrete block are cement, a foaming agent, an expanding agent, a foam stabilizer and an enhancer, in the finished product foamed concrete block, the usage amount of the gold tailings is not less than 75%, the usage amount of the cement is not more than 25%, and the total amount of the auxiliary materials such as the foaming agent, the expanding agent, the foam stabilizer, the enhancer and the like is not more than 0.5%, so that the gold tailings, which is an industrial toxic waste, can be consumed to the maximum extent, and the finished product has good mechanical strength and high yield and meets the standard of national foamed concrete blocks JC/T1062-2007.
2. The preparation process of the invention adopts a clean water washing mode to effectively remove toxic substances such as cyanide and the like in the gold tailings, has obvious effects of decyanation and water-dissolving agent removal in the whole process, can realize large-scale centralized treatment of the gold tailings, can not be recycled, and converts the gold tailings with great environmental pollution into general wastes which can be recycled from toxic dangerous wastes to produce the foamed concrete building blocks. The whole preparation process not only improves the comprehensive utilization rate of the gold tailings, realizes harmless, reduction and resource treatment of the gold tailings, but also can realize zero discharge and full recovery, has no secondary pollution in the whole process, and has better economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process for preparing the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention, which are intended to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto. The experimental procedures are carried out under normal temperature and normal pressure under the condition of no indication.
A method for preparing a foamed concrete block by using gold tailings as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the gold tailings are washed repeatedly by clear water for pretreatment, and residual medicaments in the gold tailings are removed, so that the gold tailings meet the standard of national building sand (GB/T14684-2001);
step two: and (3) carrying out wet screening on the gold tailings treated in the step one to grade the gold tailings according to natural granularity, wherein the granularity is as follows: 0-20 meshes, 20-80 meshes, 80-120 meshes and materials of 120 meshes or above, wherein the gold tailings with the granularity of 0-20 meshes are dried and sold according to broken stones; drying the gold tailings with the granularity of 20-80 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to coarse sand; drying the gold tailings with the granularity of 80-120 meshes and selling the gold tailings according to fine sand; performing solid-liquid separation on the gold tailings with the granularity of 120 meshes or more to ensure that the water content of the obtained solid is not more than 30 percent, wherein the solid is used as a gold tailing fine selection material and is a raw material for subsequently producing the foamed concrete block wall material; treating the obtained liquid with water for recycling;
step three: according to the mass ratio of (2-3): 4, (1-1.5): 0.02, respectively taking the gold tailing fine selection material prepared in the step two, water, cement and an auxiliary agent, placing the gold tailing fine selection material, the water, the cement and the auxiliary agent into a stirrer, and stirring for 5-8min at the rotation speed of 1000 plus materials and 1500rpm to prepare cement paste for later use;
the cement is portland cement, and the auxiliary agent is prepared from (4-5) by mass: (2-3): (3-4): (5-6): (1-2) an expanding agent (the main component is calcium oxide), a water repellent (the main component is a silane-based water repellent), a foam stabilizer (the main component is a composite cellulose foam stabilizer), a reinforcing agent (the main component is polyol) and a flame retardant (inorganic flame retardant);
step four: according to the mass ratio of 1 (20-30), placing foaming agents, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate and water, in a foaming machine, controlling the stirring speed of the foaming machine to be 2000-2800rpm, and stirring for 6-10min to prepare foam, wherein the amount of the foaming agents is 0.8-1% of the mass of the gold tailings in the step three;
step five: introducing the foam prepared in the fourth step into the cement paste prepared in the third step, fully and uniformly mixing, introducing the obtained paste into a mold, performing constant-temperature curing at 50-60 ℃ for 3 days, and performing natural curing at normal temperature for 25 days to prepare a module for later use;
step six: and D, demolding the module in the fifth step by using a water-based release agent, and cutting to obtain the foamed concrete block meeting the standard of the national foamed concrete block JC/T1062-2007.
All water used in the above steps is common process water.
Example 1
The gold tailings selected in this example are from three mining areas of lingbao gold investment limited company, and the chemical composition analysis is performed on the gold tailings in the mining areas, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 analysis of chemical composition of gold tailings
| TFe | SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 |
| 6.106 | 67.556 | 7.038 | 9.061 | 2.67 | 0.37 |
The largest amount of the foaming concrete material is 'stone powder', and the gold tailings contain a large amount of SiO2And a certain amount of Fe, AL and Mg elements which are the material basis for forming the silicate building material, so that the gold tailings in the mining area can be used as the raw material for preparing the foaming concrete block wall material.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
the gold tailings in the mining area are repeatedly washed by clear water for pretreatment, and residual medicaments in the tailings are removed, so that the gold tailings meet the standard of national building sand (GB/T14684-; and (3) carrying out wet screening on the treated gold tailings to grade the gold tailings according to natural granularity, wherein the granularity is as follows: 0-20 meshes, 20-80 meshes, 80-120 meshes, 120 meshes and above, wherein the gold tailings with 0-20 meshes are dried and sold according to broken stones; drying the gold tailings of 20-80 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to coarse sand; drying the gold tailings of 80-120 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to fine sand; separating solid and liquid of the gold tailings with the granularity of 120 meshes or more to obtain solid serving as a raw material for producing the foamed concrete block wall material; the liquid is treated by water and recycled.
Weighing 75Kg of gold tailings with the granularity of more than 120 meshes, adding 100Kg of water, 25Kg of cement and 0.5Kg of auxiliary agent (wherein the auxiliary agent consists of 0.13Kg of expanding agent, 0.07Kg of water repellent, 0.1Kg of foam stabilizer, 0.16Kg of enhancer and 0.04Kg of flame retardant), and stirring at 1300rpm for 7min to prepare the cement paste.
0.675Kg of foaming agent, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate, is dissolved in 17Kg of water, foamed by a foaming machine, introduced into cement slurry, stirred for 8min at 2500rpm to prepare foamed concrete slurry, the slurry is introduced into a mold, maintained in a thermostat at 55 ℃ for 3 days, taken out and placed in a storehouse for natural maintenance for 25 days. And demolding and cutting the cured foamed concrete to obtain the finished foamed concrete block.
The compressive strength test of the foamed concrete block prepared in the embodiment shows that the 28-day strength of the foamed concrete block is 3.7MPa, and the foamed concrete block meets the national standard JC/T1062-2007.
Example 2
The gold tailings selected in this example are from the second mining area of lingbao gold investment limited company, and the chemical composition analysis is performed on the gold tailings in the mining area, and the results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 chemical composition analysis of gold tailings
As can be seen from Table 2, the gold tailings contain a large amount of SiO2And a certain amount of Fe, AL and Mg which are the material bases for silicate building materials, so that the gold tailings of the mining area can be used as a systemPreparing the raw materials of the foamed concrete block wall material.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
the gold tailings in the mining area are repeatedly washed by clear water for pretreatment, and residual medicaments in the tailings are removed, so that the gold tailings meet the standard of national building sand (GB/T14684-; and (3) carrying out wet screening on the treated gold tailings to grade the gold tailings according to natural granularity, wherein the granularity is as follows: 0-20 meshes, 20-80 meshes, 80-120 meshes, 120 meshes and above, wherein the gold tailings with 0-20 meshes are dried and sold according to broken stones; drying the gold tailings of 20-80 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to coarse sand; drying the gold tailings of 80-120 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to fine sand; separating solid and liquid of the gold tailings with the granularity of 120 meshes or more to obtain solid serving as a raw material for producing the foamed concrete block wall material; the liquid is treated by water and recycled.
Weighing 100Kg of gold tailings with the granularity of more than 120 meshes, adding 130Kg of water, 32Kg of cement and 0.7Kg of auxiliary agent (wherein the auxiliary agent consists of 0.165Kg of expanding agent, 0.12Kg of water repellent, 0.165Kg of foam stabilizer, 0.21Kg of reinforcer and 0.04Kg of flame retardant), and stirring at 1000rpm for 8min to prepare the cement paste.
Dissolving 1Kg of foaming agent in 30Kg of water, foaming by a foaming machine, introducing into cement slurry, stirring at 2800rpm for 6min to obtain foamed concrete slurry, introducing the slurry into a mold, curing in a thermostat at 50 ℃ for 3 days, taking out, and naturally curing in a storehouse for 25 days. And demolding and cutting the cured foam concrete to obtain the finished product of the foamed concrete block.
The compressive strength test of the foamed concrete block prepared in the embodiment shows that the 28-day strength of the foamed concrete block is 3.6MPa, and the foamed concrete block meets the national standard JC/T1062-2007.
Example 3
The gold tailings selected in this example are from five mining areas of lingbao gold investment limited company, and the chemical composition analysis is performed on the gold tailings in the mining areas, and the results are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 analysis of chemical composition of gold tailings
| TFe | SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 |
| 5.69 | 79.65 | 6.381 | 10.23 | 1.96 | 0.22 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the gold tailings contain a large amount of SiO2And a certain amount of Fe, AL and Mg elements which are the material basis for forming the silicate building material, so that the gold tailings in the mining area can be used as the raw material for preparing the foaming concrete block wall material.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
the gold tailings in the mining area are repeatedly washed by clear water for pretreatment, and residual medicaments in the tailings are removed, so that the gold tailings meet the standard of national building sand (GB/T14684-; and (3) carrying out wet screening on the treated gold tailings to grade the gold tailings according to natural granularity, wherein the granularity is as follows: 0-20 meshes, 20-80 meshes, 80-120 meshes, 120 meshes and above, wherein the gold tailings with 0-20 meshes are dried and sold according to broken stones; drying the gold tailings of 20-80 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to coarse sand; drying the gold tailings of 80-120 meshes and selling the dried gold tailings according to fine sand; separating solid and liquid of the gold tailings with the granularity of 120 meshes or more to obtain solid serving as a raw material for producing the foamed concrete block wall material; the liquid is treated by water and recycled.
Weighing 50Kg of gold tailings with the granularity of more than 120 meshes, adding 100Kg of water, 37.5Kg of cement and 0.5Kg of auxiliary agent (wherein the auxiliary agent consists of 0.14Kg of expanding agent, 0.056Kg of water repellent, 0.08Kg of foam stabilizer, 0.168Kg of enhancer and 0.056Kg of flame retardant), and stirring at 1300rpm for 7min to prepare the cement slurry. Dissolving 0.4Kg of foaming agent in 8Kg of water, foaming by a foaming machine, introducing into cement slurry, stirring at 2000rpm for 10min to obtain foamed concrete slurry, introducing the slurry into a mold, curing in a thermostat at 60 ℃ for 3 days, taking out, and naturally curing in a storehouse for 25 days. And demolding and cutting the cured foamed concrete to obtain the finished foamed concrete block.
The compressive strength test of the foamed concrete block prepared in the embodiment shows that the 28-day strength of the foamed concrete block is 4.1MPa, and the foamed concrete block meets the national standard JC/T1062-2007.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a foamed concrete block by using gold tailings as a main raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, repeatedly washing the gold tailings by using clear water to remove residual medicament in the gold tailings to prepare pretreated gold tailings for later use;
step two, performing wet screening on the pretreated gold tailings prepared in the step one to screen out materials with the particle size not larger than 120 meshes, then performing solid-liquid separation on the materials, and taking the obtained solids as a gold tailing fine selection material for later use;
step three, respectively taking the gold tailing fine selection material prepared in the step two, water, cement and an auxiliary agent according to the mass ratio of (2-3) to (4) (1-1.5) to 0.02, putting the gold tailing fine selection material, the water, the cement and the auxiliary agent into a stirrer, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare cement paste for later use;
step four, according to the mass ratio of 1 (20-30), placing a foaming agent and water in a foaming machine to prepare foam, wherein the amount of the foaming agent is 0.8-1% of the mass of the gold tailing fine selection material in the step three;
step five, introducing the foam prepared in the step four into the cement paste prepared in the step three, fully and uniformly mixing, introducing the obtained slurry into a mold, performing constant-temperature curing at 50-60 ℃ for 3 days, and performing natural curing for 25 days to prepare a module for later use;
and step six, demolding and cutting the module prepared in the step five to obtain the finished product of the foamed concrete block.
2. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the third step and the fourth step, the water is common production water.
3. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the water content of the solid obtained after solid-liquid separation is not more than 30%.
4. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the cement is portland cement.
5. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass (4-5): (2-3): (3-4): (5-6): and (1-2) an expanding agent, a water repellent, a foam stabilizer, a reinforcing agent and a flame retardant.
6. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 1000-1500rpm, and the stirring time is 5-8 min.
7. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
8. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the stirring speed of the foaming machine is 2000-2800rpm, and the stirring time is 6-10 min.
9. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the natural curing is performed at normal temperature.
10. The method for preparing the foamed concrete block by using the gold tailings as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the release agent used in the release process is a water-based release agent.
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