CN112987123B - Oil and gas field exploration method and device based on densely planted mountainous area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an oil and gas field exploration method and device based on densely planted mountainous areas. The method includes: identifying the profile of a target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result; measuring the surface three-dimensional digital outcrop of the target work area to generate Outcrop measurement results; based on the profile identification results and the outcrop measurement results, shallow drilling is performed on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area. The invention solves the problems of large manual workload and large error of collected data in the outcrop inspection process in the prior art. At the same time, the method of shallow surface drilling was used to predict favorable oil and gas areas, which provided guidance for later well deployment and fracturing testing.

Description

Oil and gas field exploration method and device based on densely planted mountainous area

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a method and device for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas.

Background technique

With the continuous increase in the degree of oil and gas exploration in my country, the amount of unproven resources has gradually decreased, and they are mainly distributed in land with complex geographical environment (such as orogenic belts, deserts, ecological reserves), deep seas, and deep and special rocks with unknown geological conditions. It is extremely difficult to find in the natural body (such as continental shale oil and gas). It is not difficult to understand that to enhance the discovery of these remaining oil and gas resources, it is necessary to develop new exploration techniques. In the prior art, the exploration procedure is generally to perform 2D seismic first, then 3D seismic, and finally to locate the well location for drilling, which is only suitable for areas with relatively simple topography. For orogenic belts with dense vegetation coverage and complex topography, such as the Yanshan orogenic belt, which is located around Beijing and Tianjin, with high environmental protection standards and high economic costs, it is not suitable for large-scale seismic exploration.

It is understandable that the traditional drilling methods are mainly based on large-scale machinery on-site construction, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and cannot guarantee a high success rate, and once the drilling fails, a lot of resources will be wasted. In addition, due to the relatively complex geological conditions in some rock development areas, it is not easy to be observed and discovered, resulting in limited means of obtaining data, and the information obtained is relatively one-sided. In addition, there are large errors in lithology identification. For example, mud shale is easily weathered, the vegetation coverage in the outcropping area is serious, and the outcrops are mostly weather-resistant glutenite, which can easily be mistaken for shallow water deposition and miss potential favorable areas.

To sum up, how to provide a low-cost and high-efficiency exploration method for mountainous areas with serious vegetation coverage and complex topography is an urgent problem to be solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the method and device for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas provided by the present invention, the problems of large manual workload and large errors in collected data in the outcrop investigation process in the prior art are solved. At the same time, the method of shallow surface drilling was used to predict favorable oil and gas areas, which provided guidance for later well deployment and fracturing testing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas is provided, including:

Identify the profile of the target work area from the air to generate profile recognition results;

performing three-dimensional digital outcrop measurements on the target work area to generate outcrop measurement results;

Based on the profile identification results and the outcrop measurement results, shallow drilling is performed on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Preferably, identifying the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile identification result, including:

Use the drone to photograph the target work area to generate multiple photographed photos;

splicing the plurality of photographed photos to generate a deep-water sedimentary profile of the target work area;

A profile identification result is generated according to the deep-water deposition profile.

Preferably, performing three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the surface of the target work area to generate outcrop measurement results, including:

Carry out lithology identification and mineral analysis on the target work area;

Collect the profile scale, sedimentary thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

Using the methods of base station reception and mobile reception, the outcrop of the target work area is described to generate the outcrop plane mapping;

performing three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

Outcrop measurement results are generated according to lithology identification results, mineral analysis results, section scale, deposition thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode, outcrop plane mapping and 3D detection results.

Preferably, the oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas further comprises: generating the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement result;

The surface shallow drilling is performed on the target work area based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, so as to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area, including:

Determine the stratigraphic occurrence of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

Calculate the underground distribution range of favorable source rock exposed areas according to the formation occurrence;

generating a comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data outcrop model;

According to the formation occurrence, the distribution range, the comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area, and the coring data, logging data, geochemical test data and reservoir test data of the surface shallow drilling to determine the oil and gas in the target work area Favorable areas and favorable horizons.

Preferably, the oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes:

According to favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons of the target work area, and based on the surface shallow drilling positions, fracturing tests are performed on the favorable horizons to generate oil test data of the target work area.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas, the device comprising:

The aerial profile recognition unit is used to recognize the profile of the target work area from the air to generate the profile recognition result;

a ground measurement unit, used to measure the surface three-dimensional digital outcrop of the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result;

A favorable horizon determination unit is configured to perform surface shallow drilling on the target work area based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, so as to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Preferably, the air profile identification unit includes:

The drone shooting module is used to use the drone to shoot the target work area to generate a plurality of shooting photos;

A profile generation module, used for splicing the multiple captured photos to generate a deep-water deposition profile of the target work area;

The identification result generating module is used for generating a section identification result according to the deep water sedimentary section map.

Preferably, the ground measurement unit includes:

Mineral analysis module, used for lithology identification and mineral analysis of the target work area;

a data collection module for collecting the profile scale, sedimentary thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

The plane mapping generation module is used to describe the outcrop of the target work area by using the method of base station reception and mobile reception, so as to generate the outcrop plane mapping;

a three-dimensional detection result generation module, used for performing three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

The outcrop measurement result generation module is used to generate outcrop measurement results according to lithology identification results, mineral analysis results, section scale, sedimentary thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact method, outcrop plane mapping and 3D detection results.

Preferably, the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes: an outcrop model generation unit, configured to generate the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement result; the favorable horizon determination unit includes:

a stratigraphic occurrence determination module, used for determining the stratigraphic occurrence of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

a distribution range calculation module, used for calculating the underground distribution range of favorable source rock exposed areas according to the formation occurrence;

a histogram generating module, configured to generate a comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data outcrop model;

Favorable horizon determination module, used for according to the formation occurrence, the distribution range, the comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area and the coring data, logging data, geochemical test data and reservoir test of the surface shallow drilling The data determines favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Preferably, the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas also includes:

An oil test data generation unit is used to perform fracturing tests on the favorable layers based on the shallow drilling positions in the target work area according to favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area, so as to generate the oil test of the target work area data.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, when the processor executes the program, the processor implements the steps of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas .

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas.

As can be seen from the above description, the method and device for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas provided by the embodiments of the present invention firstly identify the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result; Outcrop measurement to generate outcrop measurement results; finally, based on the profile identification results and outcrop measurement results, shallow drilling is performed on the target work area to determine the favorable oil and gas areas and favorable layers in the target work area. This method is the first time to comprehensively use UAV photography, element analyzers, 3D scanners and other instruments and equipment in the investigation of shale outcrops in mountainous areas with severe vegetation coverage and complex topography, forming a set of low-cost and high-efficiency for densely planted mountainous areas. Compared with the traditional mountain exploration method, the exploration method has the advantage of lower cost, and also solves the problems of large manual workload and large error in the collected data in the outcrop inspection process in the prior art.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic flowchart one of a kind of oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic flowchart of step 100 in a method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic flowchart of step 200 in a method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart 2 of a method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic flowchart of step 300 in an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic flowchart three of a method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic flowchart of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas in a specific application example of the present invention;

8 is a mind map of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas in a specific application example of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of an air profile identification unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground measurement unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a second structural schematic diagram of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of a favorable horizon determination unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a second structural schematic diagram of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may provide methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings, as well as any modifications thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, including a series of steps or units The processes, methods, systems, products or devices are not necessarily limited to those steps or units expressly listed, but may include other steps or units not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas, referring to FIG. 1 , the method specifically includes the following contents:

Step 100: Identify the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result.

It is well known that obtaining geological data through field geological investigation is one of the most commonly used methods for exploring geological information in the prior art. Specifically, through manual inspection of geological bodies in the field, simple tools such as compass, geological hammer, and measuring stick are used to collect geological information and realize the exploration of oil and gas information. The basis of this method is manual inspection, and the workload is large. In addition, due to the limitations of topographical conditions, it is difficult to comprehensively understand the mountainous areas with severe vegetation coverage and complex topography. At the same time, the data collected by simple measurement tools has large errors, and is limited by the professional level of the inspectors, and the data quality is uneven. With the rapid development of UAV technology and the popularization of 5G network, UAV technology can be applied in geological exploration. shoot.

Step 200: Perform three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result.

In the prior art, it is generally the traditional mountain exploration using 2D-3D seismic means. The method is based on seismic data. Conventional 3D seismic exploration mainly involves the acquisition of field seismic data, indoor seismic data processing, and seismic data interpretation. The propagation route and time of the seismic wave in the underground rock formation with explosives as the source or artificial excitation, the detection of the buried depth and shape of the underground rock interface, the understanding of the underground geological structure and the evaluation of the oil and gas content of the working area, the proposed drilling well location, the deployment of drilling wells Wait. The oil and gas location determined by this method through seismic data is imprecise, and it is necessary to establish a wide-azimuth, large-continuous, and high-density well location. Using explosives as the source of the earthquake has certain operational dangers and will also cause certain pollution to the environment. In addition, this method has good applicability for hills, plains, deserts and other areas with relatively simple geographies, but for mountainous areas with large surface fluctuations and variable geomorphic units, there may be serious loss of high-frequency information and data loss when processing seismic sections. The signal-to-noise ratio and resolution do not meet the technical specifications. In terms of construction, exploration and development are mostly based on large-scale machinery on-site construction, which consumes a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, and cannot guarantee a high success rate. Once drilling fails, a lot of resources will be wasted.

In step 200, a multi-level, multi-dimensional and multi-level method is used to measure the surface three-dimensional digital outcrop of the target construction area, for example, from the four dimensions of "point", "line", "surface" and "body", Specifically: "point" - drills down from single point lithology identification to mineral analysis level. "Line" - collects data such as section scale, sedimentary thickness, distribution size, rock interface and contact mode for sections with poor exposure and inaccessibility in densely planted mountainous areas. "Surface" - Through the base station + mobile receiving type, the surface morphology of the outcrop is carefully studied, and the outcrop plane mapping can be realized through the above technology, which makes the data more specific and visualized. "Volume" - detection of formation expansion in three dimensions within 50m of the shallow outcrop area.

Step 300: Based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, perform shallow drilling on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Specifically, on the basis of aerial observation by unmanned aerial vehicle and observation of surface outcrops, the distribution of exploration wells in favorable exploration areas was determined, and shallow drilling was carried out on the surface, and then lithology and oil, gas and water observation and analysis were carried out. Gas is measured.

As can be seen from the above description, the method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas provided by the embodiment of the present invention firstly identifies the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result; then, the surface three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement is performed on the target work area. , to generate outcrop measurement results; finally, based on the profile identification results and outcrop measurement results, shallow drilling is performed on the target work area to determine the favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area. This method is the first time to comprehensively use UAV photography, element analyzers, 3D scanners and other instruments and equipment in the investigation of shale outcrops in mountainous areas with severe vegetation coverage and complex topography, forming a set of low-cost and high-efficiency for densely planted mountainous areas. Compared with the traditional mountain exploration method, the exploration method has the advantage of lower cost, and also solves the problems of large manual workload and large error in the collected data in the outcrop inspection process in the prior art.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2 , step 100 further includes:

Step 101: use a drone to photograph the target work area to generate multiple photographed photos;

Step 102: splicing the multiple captured photos to generate a deep-water deposition profile of the target work area;

Step 103: Generate a profile identification result according to the deep-water deposition profile.

In steps 101 to 103, the potential favorable area of rock outcrops is determined by using the drone to take a linear cruise. Combined with the characteristics that the mountains are mostly shrubs to woody plants, the drone should be relatively close to the vegetation coverage area, and the cloud platform should be used. The camera's horizontal 360-degree rotation and tilt angle adjustment allow for multi-angle shooting of the target survey area; for the characteristics of different vegetation coverage in mountainous areas and different light and shade, the exposure mode adopts M file (manual) to avoid overexposure/underexposure of the image. exposure. The software processing focuses on enhancing the contrast between dark areas (strata) and vegetation, identifying rock outcrops, and finally determining the rock outcrop area; through the cruise system of the drone, the outcrop development area is scanned and photographed linearly, and the jigsaw software is used to complete the deep water. Sedimentation profile.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, step 200 further includes:

Step 201: carry out lithology identification and mineral analysis on the target work area;

Step 202: Collect the profile scale, deposition thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

Step 203: Using the methods of base station reception and mobile reception, describe the outcrop of the target work area to generate an outcrop plane mapping;

Step 204: performing three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

Step 205: Generate outcrop measurement results according to lithology identification results, mineral analysis results, section scale, deposition thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode, outcrop plane mapping and three-dimensional detection results.

From step 201 to step 205, the method of "point-line-surface-body" is used in the whole measurement process to observe the outcrop finely and quantitatively. Preferably, instruments such as a hand-held elemental analyzer and a three-dimensional laser scanner are used to conduct in-depth anatomy of the cross-section interface level, lithology and petrofacies combination, and the like. The details are as follows:

1. "Point" - From single-point lithology identification to mineral analysis level, a handheld element analyzer and finger gamma detector are added, which can measure and read real-time gamma data for more than 31 elements.

2. "Line"-Using the Focus S350 3D outcrop scanner and laser rangefinder, the data of profile scale, sedimentary thickness, distribution size, rock interface, contact mode, etc. The collection, the image resolution reaches 165 million pixels, and the measurement accuracy can reach the millimeter level.

3. "Surface" - through the (base station + mobile receiving type) three-dimensional high-precision mapping technology and laser rangefinder three-dimensional high-precision mapping technology to finely study the surface morphology of the outcrop, of which (base station + mobile receiving type) three-dimensional geological filling The most straightforward way to map is to perform real-time kinematic analysis while walking along the outcrop, which is relatively fast and can observe inaccessible outcrops. Through the above techniques, the outcrop plane mapping can be realized, making the data more specific and visualized.

4. "Body"-Using K2 ground penetrating radar to realize the three-dimensional stratum expansion detection within 50m of the outcrop shallow area.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , the oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes:

Step 400: generating the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement result;

Specifically, on the basis of step 205, combined with "point", "line" and "surface" data, a three-dimensional digital outcrop model and representation of the rock outcrop surface-shallow layer is established. At the same time, because the model has GPS coordinates, any A little bit of formation occurrence and other information can be directly measured.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 5, step 300 further includes:

Step 301: Determine the stratigraphic occurrence of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

Specifically, a three-dimensional digital outcrop model is formed by aerial observation of the unmanned aerial vehicle and surface outcrop measurement, and the formation occurrence in at least two directions of the three-dimensional outcrop model is measured to determine the inclination and dip of the formation in three-dimensional space.

Step 302: Calculate the underground distribution range of favorable source rock exposed areas according to the formation occurrence;

On the basis of step 301, the underground extension and distribution range of favorable source rock exposed areas is calculated.

Step 303: generating a comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data outcrop model;

Based on the three-dimensional digital outcrop model, a comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area is established, combined with the stratigraphic occurrence data, to judge the subsurface combination and development of the outcrop area, and then determine the well position of the exploratory well on the surface.

Step 304: Determine the target according to the formation occurrence, the distribution range, the comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area, and the coring data, logging data, geochemical test data and reservoir test data of the surface shallow drilling Oil and gas favorable areas and favorable horizons in the work area.

After the well location is determined, preliminary research work such as drilling and coring is carried out in the favorable area of source rock by means of surface shallow drilling. It should be noted that the whole section of the surface shallow exploration is cored, and the characteristics of formation lithology, logging data, and oil and gas properties are studied in detail. The gas analysis of the core samples is carried out by the field analyzer, and the comprehensive evaluation of the exploration wells is carried out in combination with the logging, geochemical testing, reservoir data testing and other means after the coring is completed. Optimizing favorable oil and gas formations to provide data support for later exploratory well deployment and fracturing testing

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 , the oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes:

Step 500 : According to the favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area, and based on the surface shallow drilling locations, fracturing tests are performed on the favorable horizons to generate oil test data of the target work area.

Specifically, combined with the comprehensive evaluation results of the pilot surface shallow drilling, an underground geological model was established, the distribution of favorable intervals was determined, and later exploration well deployment and fracturing tests were carried out. Specific content includes:

1. Determination of favorable horizons. By analyzing the characteristics of formation lithology and hydrocarbon-bearing properties obtained by pilot shallow drilling, an underground geological model is established, and favorable horizons for shallow drilling are calibrated, and 1-2 horizons are selected for subsequent fracturing tests.

2. Fracturing test. First, reaming is carried out on the surface shallow drilling to meet the requirements of large-scale hydraulic fracturing reservoir reconstruction. After the reaming is completed, cementing, logging, etc. are carried out in sequence, and then perforating and fracturing are performed on the preferred horizons. Finally, through the ground test, the exploration wells are tested for oil and gas production.

The present application provides a new method for low-cost and high-efficiency exploration in mountainous areas with severe vegetation coverage and complex topography. Based on the idea of establishing a field digital geological model of key shale oil and gas, using UAV photography, elemental analyzers, 3D laser scanners and other equipment, the field outcrops of shale oil and gas in densely planted mountainous areas with complex topography and landforms are screened, searched, and comprehensively searched. Fine analysis, collecting a variety of geological data. It solves the problems of large manual workload and large errors in collected data in the current traditional outcrop inspection process. At the same time, the method of shallow surface drilling was used to predict favorable areas for shale oil and gas, which provided guidance for later well deployment and fracturing testing.

To further illustrate the solution, the present application takes the shale gas oil field in the Yanshan structure as an example to describe a specific application example of the oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas, which specifically includes the following content, see FIG. 7 .

The Yanshan structural belt covers an area of about 100,000 square kilometers. The rescue conclusions at home and abroad all believe that the sedimentary environment of the Mesozoic basin in this area is dominated by onshore and shallow lakes, the effective source rocks are not developed, and the accumulation conditions are poor. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, many rounds of oil and gas investigations have been carried out, but no breakthrough has been made. It is a blank oil and gas mining area. Using the above-mentioned "Tiandi Drilling Trinity Oil and Gas Exploration Technology in Densely Planted Mountain Areas", see Figure 8, multiple sets of thick organic-rich black shale were discovered in the Luanping Basin, the hinterland of the Yanshan structural belt, and Well Luanye 1 was drilled independently, followed by drilling and fracturing. Renovation; after testing and production, an industrialized oil flow with an average daily output of 3.8 cubic meters of light crude oil and 3,600 cubic meters of natural gas was obtained. The investment of this well is only about 8 million yuan from continuous coring of the whole section of 1308 meters, to reaming, fracturing and testing. It is predicted that the Mesozoic shale oil and gas resources in the Luanping Basin are equivalent to 970 million tons, and the prospective oil and gas resources of the Yanshan structural belt are 2.4 billion tons. The Ministry of Natural Resources has included the Luanping Basin into the project library of oil and gas exploration rights assignment blocks. This is the first oil and gas mineral rights block discovered and proposed by a university. The successful drilling of this well broke the gravel of the Yanshan structural belt without oil and gas discovery, opened up a feasible way to explore and discover industrial oil and gas reservoirs with high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost around the core circle of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei capital, and explored oil and gas basins with similar conditions at home and abroad. It is of great significance for reference and promotion.

S1: Use drones to discover and screen profiles.

Specifically, the potential favorable area of mud shale outcrops is determined by using the drone’s aerial photography and linear cruise. Combined with the characteristics that the mountains are mostly shrubs to woody plants, the drone should be relatively close to the vegetation coverage area, and use the level 360 of the pan-tilt camera. Rotation and tilt angle adjustment can be used to shoot the target survey area from multiple angles; for the characteristics of different vegetation coverage in mountainous areas and different light and shade, the exposure mode adopts M file (manual) to avoid over-exposure/under-exposure of the picture. The software processing focuses on enhancing the contrast between dark areas (strata) and vegetation, identifying shale outcrops, and finally determining the shale outcrops. Jigsaw software to complete deep-water sediment profiles.

S2: 3D digital outcrop measurement on the surface.

As mentioned earlier, the outcrop was carefully and quantitatively observed by using the idea of "point-line-surface-body" in the observation process. Using hand-held elemental analyzers, 3D laser scanners and other instruments, in-depth anatomy of profile interface layers, lithologic and petrofacies combinations, etc. The details are as follows:

1. "Point" - From single-point lithology identification to mineral analysis level, a handheld element analyzer and finger gamma detector are added, which can measure and read real-time gamma data for more than 31 elements.

2. "Line"-Using the Focus S350 3D outcrop scanner and laser rangefinder to realize the section scale, deposition thickness, distribution size, mud-shale interface and contact mode for the sections with poor exposure and inaccessibility in the densely planted mountainous area With the collection of other data, the image resolution reaches 165 million pixels, and the measurement accuracy can reach the millimeter level.

3. "Surface" - through the (base station + mobile receiving type) three-dimensional high-precision mapping technology and laser rangefinder three-dimensional high-precision mapping technology to finely study the surface morphology of the outcrop, of which (base station + mobile receiving type) three-dimensional geological filling The most straightforward way to map is to perform real-time kinematic analysis while walking along the outcrop, which is understandably relatively fast and can observe inaccessible outcrops. Through the above techniques, the outcrop plane mapping can be realized, making the data more specific and visualized.

4. "Body" - use K2 ground penetrating radar to realize the three-dimensional stratum expansion detection within 50m of the shallow outcrop area, and combine the "point", "line" and "surface" data to establish the shale outcrop surface-shallow The three-dimensional digital outcrop model and characterization of the stratum, and because the model has GPS coordinates, it can directly measure the stratum occurrence and other information at any point.

S3: Perform shallow drilling on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

On the basis of aerial observation by unmanned aerial vehicle and observation of surface outcrops, the distribution of exploration wells in favorable exploration areas is determined, the surface shallow drilling is carried out, and then the lithology and oil, gas and water observation and analysis are carried out, and the gas-bearing mud shale is analyzed by the on-site analyzer. sex is measured.

S4: Deploy exploratory wells and fracturing tests.

Combined with the comprehensive evaluation results of the pilot surface shallow drilling, an underground geological model was established, the distribution of favorable intervals was determined, and the later exploratory well deployment and fracturing tests were carried out.

For the first time, the present invention comprehensively uses UAV photography, element analyzer, 3D scanner and other instruments and equipment in the investigation of mud shale outcrops in mountainous areas with serious vegetation coverage and complex topography, forming a set of low-cost and high-efficiency solutions for densely planted mountainous areas. Exploration Technology. First, collect macroscopic, surface, and internal comprehensive information on field outcrops to establish a field digital geological model of key shale oil and gas outcrops. Then, through surface shallow drilling and shale oil and gas on-site analysis, the distribution of favorable oil and gas areas is determined, and the completion of Exploratory well deployment and fracturing testing at a later stage is less expensive than traditional mountain exploration methods.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas, which can be used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments, such as the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas is similar to that of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas, the implementation of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas can refer to the implementation of an oil and gas field exploration method based on densely planted mountainous areas. , and the repetition will not be repeated. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the systems described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, are also possible and contemplated.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific implementation of an oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas. Referring to FIG. 9 , the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas specifically includes the following contents:

The aerial profile identification unit 10 is used to identify the profile of the target work area from the air, so as to generate a profile identification result;

The ground measurement unit 20 is used for performing three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the surface of the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result;

The favorable horizon determination unit 30 is configured to perform surface shallow drilling on the target work area based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, so as to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 10 , the air profile identification unit 10 includes:

The drone shooting module 101 is used to shoot the target work area by using the drone to generate a plurality of shooting photos;

A profile generation module 102, used for splicing the multiple captured photos to generate a deep-water deposition profile of the target work area;

The identification result generating module 103 is configured to generate a profile identification result according to the deep water deposition profile map.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 11 , the ground measurement unit 20 includes:

Mineral analysis module 201, used for lithology identification and mineral analysis on the target work area;

The data collection module 202 is used to collect the profile scale, deposition thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

The plane mapping generation module 203 is configured to use the methods of base station reception and mobile reception to describe the outcrop of the target work area to generate the outcrop plane mapping;

A three-dimensional detection result generating module 204, configured to perform three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

The outcrop measurement result generation module 205 is used for generating outcrop measurement results according to lithology identification results, mineral analysis results, section scale, deposition thickness, lithologic interface and lithologic contact mode, outcrop plane mapping and three-dimensional detection results.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 12 , the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes: an outcrop model generating unit 40 for generating the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement results; referring to FIG. 13 , the favorable horizon determination unit 30 includes:

The stratigraphic occurrence determination module 301 is configured to determine the stratigraphic occurrence of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

a distribution range calculation module 302, configured to calculate the underground distribution range of the favorable source rock exposed area according to the formation occurrence;

a histogram generating module 303, configured to generate a comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data outcrop model;

Favorable horizon determination module 304, configured to use the formation occurrence state, the distribution range, the comprehensive histogram of the outcrop area, and the coring data, logging data, geochemical test data and reservoir formation of the surface shallow drilling The test data determines the favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Preferably, referring to Figure 14, the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas further includes:

The oil test data generation unit 50 is configured to perform fracturing tests on the favorable horizons based on the surface shallow drilling positions according to favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area, so as to generate a test run of the target work area. oil data.

As can be seen from the above description, the oil and gas field exploration device based on densely planted mountainous areas provided by the embodiment of the present invention firstly establishes a fracture identification model according to the core data, acoustic logging data and density logging data of the target block to identify the target block. Then, a fracture classification model is established according to the core data and the fracture identification model to classify the fractures; finally, a quantitative characterization model of the dip angle is established according to the core data and the fracture identification model, so as to analyze the cracks in the reservoir of the target block. The fracture dip angle was quantitatively characterized. In the absence of imaging logging data, the present invention uses conventional logging data to identify fracture types and characterize fracture dip angles.

The embodiments of the present application also provide specific implementations of an electronic device capable of realizing all steps in the method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in the above-mentioned embodiments. Referring to FIG. 15 , the electronic device specifically includes the following contents:

a processor (processor) 1201, a memory (memory) 1202, a communication interface (CommunicationsInterface) 1203 and a bus 1204;

Among them, the processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission among related devices such as server-side equipment, power measurement equipment, and user-side equipment.

The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, it realizes all the steps in the method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are realized: step:

Step 100: Identify the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result;

Step 200: perform three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result;

Step 300: Based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, perform shallow drilling on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of realizing all the steps in the method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in the above-mentioned embodiments, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is The processor implements all the steps of the method for oil and gas field exploration based on densely planted mountainous areas in the above-mentioned embodiment when executing, for example, the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

Step 100: Identify the profile of the target work area from the air to generate a profile recognition result;

Step 200: perform three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result;

Step 300: Based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result, perform shallow drilling on the target work area to determine favorable oil and gas areas and favorable horizons in the target work area.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware+program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flowcharts, more or less operation steps may be included based on routine or non-creative work. The sequence of steps enumerated in the embodiments is only one of the execution sequences of many steps, and does not represent the only execution sequence. When an actual device or client product is executed, the methods shown in the embodiments or the accompanying drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (for example, a parallel processor or a multi-threaded processing environment).

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flow of a flowchart and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

Claims (10)

1. An oil and gas field exploration method based on a close planting mountain area is characterized by comprising the following steps:

identifying a section of a target work area from the air to generate a section identification result;

performing surface three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the target work area to generate an outcrop measurement result;

performing surface shallow drilling on the target work area based on the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result to determine an oil and gas favorable area and a favorable horizon of the target work area;

the identifying the section of the target work area from the air to generate a section identifying result comprises the following steps:

shooting the target work area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to generate a plurality of shot pictures;

splicing the multiple shot pictures to generate a deep water deposition profile of the target work area;

and generating a profile recognition result according to the deepwater deposition profile.

2. The close-planting mountain based field exploration method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said performing surface three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on said target work area to generate outcrop measurement comprises:

performing lithology identification and mineral analysis on the target work area;

collecting the section scale, the deposition thickness, the lithologic interface and the lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

depicting the outcrop of the target work area by using a base station receiving and mobile receiving method to generate an outcrop plane map;

performing three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

and generating a outcrop measurement result according to the lithology identification result, the mineral analysis result, the section scale, the deposition thickness, the lithology interface, the lithology contact mode, the outcrop plane filling and the three-dimensional detection result.

3. The close-planting mountain area-based oil and gas field exploration method according to claim 2, further comprising: generating the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement result;

performing surface shallow drilling on the target work area based on the profile recognition result and the outcrop measurement result to determine a favorable oil and gas area and a favorable horizon of the target work area, wherein the method comprises the steps of

Determining the stratum occurrence of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

calculating the underground distribution range of the exposed area of the favorable hydrocarbon source rock according to the stratum attitude;

generating a comprehensive histogram of the exposure area of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data exposure model;

and determining the oil and gas favorable area and favorable horizon of the target work area according to the formation occurrence, the distribution range, the outcrop area comprehensive histogram and the coring data, the logging data, the geological test data and the reservoir test data of the surface shallow drill.

4. The close-planted mountain based oil and gas field exploration method according to claim 1, further comprising:

and performing a fracturing test on the favorable layer based on the superficial surface drilling position according to the favorable oil and gas area and the favorable layer of the target work area to generate oil testing data of the target work area.

5. An oil and gas field exploration device based on close planting mountain area, its characterized in that includes:

the aerial section identification unit is used for identifying the section of the target work area from the air to generate a section identification result;

the ground measurement unit is used for carrying out surface three-dimensional digital outcrop measurement on the target work area so as to generate outcrop measurement results;

the favorable horizon determining unit is used for performing surface shallow drilling on the target work area based on the profile recognition result and the outcrop measurement result so as to determine an oil and gas favorable area and a favorable horizon of the target work area;

the air profile identification unit comprises:

the unmanned aerial vehicle shooting module is used for shooting the target work area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle so as to generate a plurality of shot pictures;

the profile generation module is used for splicing the multiple shot pictures to generate a deep water deposition profile of the target work area;

and the recognition result generation module is used for generating a profile recognition result according to the deepwater deposition profile.

6. The close-planting mountain based field exploration device according to claim 5, wherein said surface measurement unit comprises:

the mineral analysis module is used for carrying out lithology identification and mineral analysis on the target work area;

the data collection module is used for collecting the section scale, the deposition thickness, the lithologic interface and the lithologic contact mode of the target work area;

the plane filling map generating module is used for depicting the outcrop of the target work area by utilizing a base station receiving and mobile receiving method so as to generate an outcrop plane filling map;

the three-dimensional detection result generation module is used for carrying out three-dimensional detection on the outcrop of the target work area so as to generate a three-dimensional detection result;

and the outcrop measurement result generation module is used for generating outcrop measurement results according to the lithology identification results, the mineral analysis results, the section scale, the deposition thickness, the lithology interface and lithology contact modes, the outcrop plane mapping and the three-dimensional detection results.

7. The close-planted mountain based field exploration device according to claim 6, further comprising: the outcrop model generating unit is used for generating the three-dimensional data outcrop model according to the outcrop measurement result; the advantageous horizon determining unit comprises:

the stratum attitude determination module is used for determining the stratum attitude of the target work area according to the profile identification result and the outcrop measurement result;

the distribution range calculation module is used for calculating the underground distribution range of the favorable hydrocarbon source rock exposure area according to the stratum attitude;

the histogram generating module is used for generating an outcrop area comprehensive histogram of the target work area according to the three-dimensional data outcrop model;

and the favorable horizon determining module is used for determining a hydrocarbon favorable area and a favorable horizon of the target work area according to the stratum attitude, the distribution range, the outcrop area comprehensive histogram, and the coring data, the logging data, the geological test data and the reservoir test data of the surface shallow drill.

8. The close-planted mountain based field exploration device according to claim 5, further comprising:

and the test oil data generation unit is used for carrying out fracturing test on the favorable layer position based on the superficial surface drilling position according to the favorable oil and gas area and the favorable layer position of the target work area so as to generate test oil data of the target work area.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method of close-planted mountain based field exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for close-planted mountain based exploration of oil and gas fields according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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