CN112978968B - Outdoor manual emergency water supply system and water supply method - Google Patents
Outdoor manual emergency water supply system and water supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112978968B CN112978968B CN201911275662.9A CN201911275662A CN112978968B CN 112978968 B CN112978968 B CN 112978968B CN 201911275662 A CN201911275662 A CN 201911275662A CN 112978968 B CN112978968 B CN 112978968B
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- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/007—Modular design
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a field manual emergency water supply system and a water supply method, wherein the field manual emergency water supply system comprises a large particle filter, a manual diaphragm pump, a disinfectant sterilizing unit, a manual suction pump, a deep purification unit and a water production valve assembled on a tail end pipeline, which are sequentially communicated through pipelines, wherein the water production valve comprises: the large particle filter comprises a porous bottom valve and a cloth bag, wherein the porous bottom valve is arranged in a water source, and the cloth bag is sleeved outside the porous bottom valve; the disinfectant sterilizing unit comprises a folding water tank, and a disinfectant adding port is arranged at the top of the folding water tank for adding disinfectant; the deep purification unit comprises a main filter and a folding frame for supporting the main filter, and an integrated filter element is arranged in the main filter. The emergency water supply system has the advantages of high flux and good water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor water purification, in particular to a field manual emergency water supply system and a water supply method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the industry in China, the problem of environmental pollution is more and more emphasized, 80% of domestic water sources are polluted to different degrees according to investigation, the environmental deterioration causes the change of the water quality of the water sources, various bacteria, microorganisms, heavy metals and the like in the water sources exceed standards, water source diseases occur at times, and the drinking water safety of people in outdoor travel, army field training and other conditions cannot be effectively ensured, so that the development of an emergency water supply device suitable for the field operation environment is necessary.
On the other hand, in recent years, natural disasters such as domestic earthquakes and the like frequently happen, and after the disasters happen, nearby water sources are polluted, so that the requirements of residents on safe drinking water cannot be met. The manual water purifying device based on reverse osmosis has the advantages that the manual water purifying device based on reverse osmosis on the market is good in water quality at present, but the water yield is only a few liters of water per hour, and is difficult to meet the drinking water demands of a large number of disaster people, so that the traditional emergency rescue mode needs to be supplemented, and the field manual emergency water supply machine with large flux and portability is also urgently needed to be developed for a sudden natural disaster emergency treatment capacity construction system in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problem of field large-flux water supply in the prior art, and provides a field manual emergency water supply system which is used for purifying water sources such as rivers and lakes which are slightly polluted in the field into safe life drinking water, even direct drinking water.
The invention further aims to provide a water supply method of the field manual emergency water supply system, which has the advantages of high flux and good water yield.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a field manual emergent water supply system, includes big particle filter, manual diaphragm pump, disinfectant disinfection unit, manual suction pump, deep purification unit and the water valve of producing of assembly on terminal pipeline that link together through the pipeline in proper order, wherein:
The large particle filter comprises a porous bottom valve arranged in a water source and a cloth bag sleeved outside the porous bottom valve, and the porous bottom valve is communicated with a water inlet of the manual diaphragm pump through a pipeline;
The disinfectant sterilizing unit comprises a folding water tank, a disinfectant adding port is arranged at the top of the folding water tank for adding disinfectant, a water inlet of the folding water tank is communicated with a water outlet of the manual diaphragm pump through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the folding water tank is communicated with a water inlet of the manual suction pump through a pipeline;
The deep purification unit comprises a main filter and a folding frame for supporting the main filter, an integrated filter element is arranged in the main filter, a water inlet of the main filter is communicated with a water outlet of the manual suction pump through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the main filter is communicated with the water production valve through a pipeline.
In the technical scheme, the manual diaphragm pump is detachably fixed on the bracket, and the manual diaphragm pump is a large-flux manual diaphragm pump.
In the above technical scheme, the folding frame comprises a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg and a mounting frame, wherein positioning pins are fixed at the bottoms of the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg, the top of the first supporting leg is connected with the top of the second supporting leg through a slot and a bolt, the mounting frame is fixed on the second supporting leg through the slot and the bolt, the top of the main filter is fixed on the mounting frame, and the bottom of the filter is fixed in a mounting groove on the second supporting leg; the manual suction pump is mounted on the first leg.
In the above technical scheme, the main filter comprises a cylinder, a sealing cover connected to the top opening of the cylinder, and a filter element mounting bracket arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and used for mounting the integrated filter element, wherein the outer edge of the filter element mounting bracket is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the cylinder, a water collecting hole for water outlet is formed in the center, the top of the integrated filter element is sealed by the sealing cover, a central cavity is formed in the center, and the central cavity is communicated with the water collecting hole;
The integrated filter element is a multi-layer composite filter element and comprises a plurality of layers of hollow cylindrical filter layers which are sequentially and tightly connected, a ceramic layer, a composite adsorption layer, a protective layer and an active carbon layer are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, a cavity is formed in the center of the active carbon layer, the composite adsorption layer is formed by extruding a porous material and a binder, the protective layer is made of KDF and ATS adsorption resin, and the porous material is a mixture of one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina;
the integrated filter element is characterized in that the outer diameter of the integrated filter element is 40-160 mm, the diameter of the cavity is 5-10 mm, the thickness of the ceramic layer is 3-8 mm, the thickness of the composite adsorption layer is 5-30 mm, the thickness of the protective layer is 5-20 mm, the thickness of the active carbon layer is 5-20 mm, and the length of the integrated filter element is 80-400 mm.
In the above technical scheme, the zeolite powder is modified zeolite powder treated by hydrochloric acid, the bentonite is sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite or a mixture of the two, the kaolin is calcined kaolin, the alumina is activated alumina, and the graphene is one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, anion modified graphene and redox graphene;
the ceramic layer is made of natural diatom ceramics
The active carbon layer is made of coconut shell carbon, and the active carbon is silver-carrying active carbon;
The ratio of KDF and ATS is (1:0.2) - (1:30).
In the above technical solution, the water supply system further includes a portable case; the portable case comprises a first storage module and a second storage module, wherein clamping grooves used for fixing the support, the manual diaphragm pump and the pipeline are formed in the first storage module, the support is used for supporting the manual diaphragm pump, and clamping grooves used for fixing the first supporting leg, the second supporting leg, the mounting frame and the filter are formed in the second storage module.
In the technical scheme, the activated carbon layer is prepared through the following steps:
Ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the activated carbon and nano silver sol for 10-90min, drying is carried out for 1-5h at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ in vacuum, and extrusion molding is carried out, wherein: the particle size of the activated carbon powder is higher than 200 meshes, and the particle size of the nano silver particles is 100-600nm;
extrusion molding is divided into 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa;
Naturally cooling the obtained extruded filter element to 20-30 ℃ in a die to obtain an active carbon layer;
the composite adsorption layer is formed by grinding a porous material mixture and an adhesive, modifying with zero-valent iron and extruding with high density, wherein the porous material is one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina, the pore size of micropores of the porous material is 0.01-10 mu m, the particle size mesh number of the particles after grinding is higher than 200 meshes, and the adhesive is polyacrylonitrile or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;
the composite adsorption layer comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina to obtain a mixture;
Step 2, fully grinding the mixture, and controlling the particle size mesh number of the ground mixed powder to be higher than 200 meshes, preferably 300-500 meshes;
Step 3, carrying out nano iron modification on the grinding mixture powder obtained in the step 2: a, soaking the mixed powder in an aqueous solution with 3-15% of starch, 1-10% of ferrous ions and 7-11 of pH for 20-30 minutes at normal temperature, and taking out and drying;
b, soaking the dried powder in the step a in sodium borohydride aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-10 for 3-15 minutes, and taking out and airing;
c, heating the dried powder in the step b to about 300-500 ℃ at a heating rate of 50-130 ℃ per hour under the protection of nitrogen, preserving heat for 1-5 hours, cooling to below 150 ℃, and taking out for natural cooling to obtain modified mixed powder;
step 4, drying the modified mixed powder obtained in the step 3 for 5-10 hours at 300-500 ℃;
step 5, adding the adhesive with the mesh number higher than 200 meshes into the dry modified mixed powder obtained in the step 4, uniformly mixing,
Step 6, extruding and forming the mixture obtained in the step 5, wherein the extruding and forming is divided into 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa;
And 7, naturally cooling the extruded filter element obtained in the step 6 to 20-30 ℃ in a die to obtain the composite adsorption layer.
In the above technical scheme, the main filter comprises a shell, a water inlet is formed on the side wall of the shell, a water outlet is formed at the bottom of the shell, a water inlet channel is formed between the shell and the integrated filter element, and a central cavity for water supply flow to flow out is formed in the center of the integrated filter element;
The inner bottom of the shell is provided with a tray for sealing and fixing the bottom of the integrated filter element, the outer edge of the tray is fixed on the inner wall of the shell in a sealing way, the center of the tray is provided with a water collecting hole corresponding to the central cavity, and the top of the shell is fixed with a pressing block for sealing and pressing the top of the integrated filter element;
the shell comprises a barrel body with a funnel-shaped bottom and a top cover detachably assembled at the top of the barrel body, the tray is flat cylindrical, and an outward extending rod is fixed at the outer part of the top cover.
In the above technical scheme, the emergency water supply filter further comprises a connecting pipe located in the central cavity, the top of the connecting pipe is sealed, the bottom of the connecting pipe is open, a plurality of holes are formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe, external threads are formed in the bottom of the connecting pipe, internal threads are formed in the water collecting hole of the tray, the bottom of the connecting pipe is connected in the water collecting hole through threads, external threads are formed in the top of the connecting pipe, a threaded hole which is communicated is formed in the center of the pressing block, and the top of the connecting pipe is connected in the threaded hole through threads;
the tray is provided with a groove corresponding to the integrated filter element, the bottom of the tray is provided with a reinforcing rib, or the periphery of the water collecting hole is provided with a reinforcing rib;
the two ends of the central cavity are respectively provided with an upper spigot and a lower spigot, the pressing block is of a cylindrical structure matched and sealed with the upper spigot, and the tray is provided with a boss matched and sealed with the lower spigot.
In the above technical scheme, manual diaphragm pump includes the pump body, the both sides of pump body are all sealed to be assembled with an end cover, the pump body with each all seal between the end cover and assemble a diaphragm, the end cover and the diaphragm of pump body and both sides pass through hold-down mechanism locking, each the diaphragm receives the reciprocal deformation of rocker actuating mechanism, wherein:
The pump body and the diaphragms on two sides are enclosed to form a sealed driving cavity, a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity which are not communicated with the driving cavity, the driving end of the rocker driving mechanism is positioned in the driving cavity, and a feeding hole communicated with the feeding cavity and a discharging hole communicated with the discharging cavity are formed in the pump body;
a concave cavity, a feeding channel and a discharging channel which are respectively communicated with the concave cavity are formed in each end cover, each concave cavity is in sealing connection with the corresponding diaphragm to form a closed cavity for storing fluid, the volume of the closed cavity changes along with the deformation of the diaphragm, each feeding channel is used for communicating the feeding cavity with the corresponding closed cavity through a feeding one-way valve fixed on the corresponding diaphragm, and each discharging channel is used for communicating the corresponding closed cavity with the corresponding discharging cavity through a discharging one-way valve fixed on the corresponding diaphragm;
The feeding hole and the discharging hole are respectively arranged at two sides of the pump body along the fluid conveying direction, and the rocker driving mechanism drives the diaphragm to move in the direction perpendicular to the fluid conveying direction so as to deform.
In the technical scheme, a base is fixed at the bottom of the pump body, and a fixing bolt hole is formed in the base;
The pump body, the end cover and the diaphragm are matched in parallel, and the outline of the diaphragm is the same as the outline of the inner side wall of the end cover and the outline of the two side walls of the pump body;
The compressing mechanism comprises a pump body positioning earring fixed on the outer side of the pump body, an end cover positioning earring fixed on the end cover, and a threaded connecting rod passing through the pump body positioning earring and the end cover positioning earring and fastened by locking nuts at two ends
Two side wall surfaces of each of the driving cavity, the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity are respectively provided with a side wall concave ring, and three side wall concave rings are respectively matched and sealed with three diaphragm convex rings formed on the corresponding surfaces of the diaphragms
Each end cover is of a convex shell structure, an end cover concave ring is formed on the side wall surface of each concave cavity, the side wall surfaces of each feeding channel and the side wall surfaces of each discharging channel, and three end cover concave rings are sealed in a matched mode with three diaphragm convex rings formed on the corresponding surfaces of the diaphragms.
In the above technical scheme, the rocker driving mechanism comprises a rocker structure with one end positioned in the driving cavity and the other end penetrating out of the pump body, a coupling piece driven by the rocker structure to reciprocate along the axial direction, a support chuck I respectively fixed at two ends of the coupling piece to drive the corresponding diaphragm to deform in the forward direction, and a support chuck II fixed on the corresponding end cover through an elastic support connecting rod to drive the corresponding diaphragm to deform in the reverse direction, wherein the support connecting rod, the support chuck I and the support chuck II are coaxially assembled;
The center of the concave cavity of each end cover is provided with a positioning hole for fixing one end of the supporting connecting rod, and the other end of the supporting connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the center holes formed on the supporting chuck I, the diaphragm and the supporting chuck II to be fixed on the end part of the coupling piece;
The support chuck I and the support chuck II are disc-shaped structures with the same shape and size, each disc-shaped structure comprises a chuck A surface and a chuck B surface, each chuck A surface faces the diaphragm, a cavity for inserting the end part of the coupling piece is formed in the chuck B surface of the support chuck I, and a cavity for inserting the end part of the support connecting rod is formed in the chuck B surface of the support chuck II
The chuck A surface main body is a plane, the edge is of an annular curved surface structure, and the chuck B surface is of a radial hub structure.
In the above technical solution, each membrane is formed with a unidirectional circular ring protrusion to deform in forward and reverse directions;
The two sides of each diaphragm are respectively a diaphragm A surface and a diaphragm B surface, wherein a unidirectional circular ring bulge is formed on the diaphragm A surface, the diaphragm B surface faces one side of the pump body, the diaphragm A surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck II, and the diaphragm B surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck I.
In the technical scheme, the rocker structure comprises a driving piece and a manual rocker fixed at the top of the driving piece, the driving piece is rotationally connected with the pump body through a rotating mechanism, the bottom of the driving piece is a driving end, the driving end is positioned in the driving cavity and is fixedly connected with the coupling piece, and the top of the driving piece penetrates out of a top opening formed in the pump body;
The rotating mechanism comprises two positioning pieces symmetrically fixed at two sides of the top opening and positioning bolts penetrating through the positioning pieces and the driving piece and two ends of which are fixed by nuts;
The driving end is of a saddle-shaped structure, the coupling piece is positioned in a gap in the middle of the saddle-shaped structure, and the middle of the coupling piece is fixed on the saddle-shaped structure through bolts and nuts;
Two coaxial through holes are formed in the saddle-shaped structure, a coupling through hole is formed in the center of the coupling piece along the radial direction of the coupling piece, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the through holes and the coupling through hole to be matched with a nut so as to fix the saddle-shaped structure and the coupling piece together; the manual rocker is an elongated rod piece, the top of the manual rocker is in a grab handle shape, and the bottom of the manual rocker is inserted into a slot formed in the top of the driving piece.
In another aspect of the invention, the water supply method of the field manual emergency water supply system comprises the following steps:
And after the large particulate matters in the water source are filtered and removed by the large particulate filter, under the action of the large-flux manual diaphragm pump, water flows into the folding water tank, disinfectant is added into the folding water tank through the disinfectant adding port for sterilization, the manual suction pump is turned on after the sterilization is completed, the sterilized water enters the main filter, and is discharged from the water producing valve after being filtered by the integrated filter element.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the whole machine adopts a combined process of prefiltering, sterilization and deep purification, can be suitable for various polluted water sources, has large water yield, and can simultaneously meet the water use demands of thousands of people.
2. The water supply machine can treat more than five types of surface water such as slightly polluted rivers and lakes into domestic drinking water, can even reach the direct drinking water standard for a cleaner water source, has good water quality, and is particularly suitable for field safe water.
3. The whole machine adopts humanized design, and can be disassembled and assembled without tools; and the modularized structural design is adopted, the size is small, the weight is light, and two persons can easily carry the device to a designated place.
4. The composite filter element provided by the invention has a multi-layer filtering structure, overcomes the defects of the existing fixed bed and moving bed ion exchange methods, has a multiple filtering function, greatly simplifies the water purifying process, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate and replace, is convenient to carry and transport, is suitable for emergency water supply scenes, and is suitable for emergency situations by utilizing a multi-layer structure compared with a mode of compounding a plurality of modules.
The integrated composite filter element provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and replacement, great simplification of the water purification process, convenience in carrying and transportation, and particular suitability for emergency water supply scenes, and can solve the problems of complex process, complex structure, large occupied area and difficulty in realizing quick response under the condition of emergency rescue caused by sequential serial connection of the multi-stage filter structures of the existing water purification equipment;
The integrated composite filter element provided by the invention has a multi-layer filter structure, has multiple filter functions, is purposefully designed to cover a full range of purification systems according to the types of pollutants contained in outdoor complex water quality conditions, can remove heavy metals, organic matters, bacterial viruses and other pollutants in water, and treats five or more water sources into domestic drinking water, and compared with the existing multi-module series connection filter modes such as PP cotton, microfiltration, ultrafiltration and the like, one filter element integrates multiple filter module functions;
5. Compared with reverse osmosis membrane separation or ion exchange separation, the composite filter element provided by the invention has small resistance and large water yield which can reach 1-2t/h, is convenient for manual operation under the condition of emergency water supply, and can timely provide sufficient and safe life drinking water for disaster area people and rescue workers;
6. The invention adopts a double-diaphragm double-channel structure, the conveying flow of the pump is large and can reach 4m 3/h, which is far higher than the flow range of the existing manual pump with the same type (the flow of the existing manual pump with the same size is 0.1-0.5m 3/h), and the invention can meet the water supply requirement under emergency condition. The double-diaphragm double-channel structure complete machine can be manually disassembled, auxiliary tools are not needed, and maintenance and repair after outdoor use are convenient. In particular to a locking mechanism formed by fixing bolts and nuts, which is time-saving and labor-saving in disassembly, in addition, the invention has the advantages of small volume, light weight, convenient carrying and meets the use requirements of outdoor emergency rescue equipment.
7. The invention adopts a rocker driving structure, the manual rocker driving design accords with the human engineering principle, the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, the resistance is small, and the operation is convenient. Firstly, the structural design of the manual pump driving mechanism accords with human engineering, and the manual pump driving mechanism is operated by personnel without causing rapid fatigue; secondly, the stroke of a driving structure in the pump body is small, the manual rocker is used for amplifying, the arm of force at the operation end is large, the stroke is long, and the force required for rocking the rocker is small; third, the drag within the drive mechanism is primarily concentrated in the friction between 508 and 802, with rolling friction occurring in the form of a rotating shaft being less than the drag caused by face friction; finally, the support connecting rod is an elastic connecting rod with pre-compression, and when the manual rocker driving mechanism is restored to the original position from the deformation position, the elastic action is beneficial to the automatic return of the driving mechanism, so that the external force of personnel operation is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a manual emergency water supply system in the field.
Fig. 2 is a high throughput manual diaphragm pump support.
Fig. 3 is a deep purification unit holder.
Fig. 4 is a view showing a deep purification structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first storage module in the portable case.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the second storage module in the portable case.
In the figure: 1-cloth bag, 2-porous bottom valve, 3-pipeline, 4-manual diaphragm pump, 5-disinfectant, 6-folding water tank, 7-manual suction pump, 8-deep purification unit, 9-water production valve, 10-support, 11-first landing leg, 12-installing frame, 13-second landing leg, 14-main filter, 15-integral filter element, 16-sealing cover, 17-barrel, 18-filter element installing support, 19-first containing module, 20-second containing module, 21-mounting groove.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an integral filter cartridge.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an integrated cartridge
Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a filter.
Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a filter.
Wherein, 2 a-shell, 2.1 a-top cover, 2.2 a-cylinder, 3 a-tray, 4 a-fixed rod, 5 a-briquetting, 6 a-water inlet, 7 a-water outlet, 8.1 a-ceramic layer, 8.2 a-composite adsorption layer, 8.3 a-protective layer and 8.4 a-active carbon layer
Fig. 11 is an overall schematic of the manual diaphragm pump.
Fig. 12 is an exploded view of a manual diaphragm pump structure.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the pump body structure.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an end cap structure
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the A-side structure of the diaphragm
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the B-side structure of the support chuck
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a driving member structure
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of the rocker driving structure
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a manual diaphragm pump configuration
In the figure: 1b- -end cap, 101- -cavity, 102- -feed channel, 103- -discharge channel, 104- -end cap female ring, 105- -end cap positioning lug, 106- -center positioning hole, 2b- -support link, 31- -support chuck I,32- -support chuck II,301- -annular curved surface, 302- -radial hub, 303- -cavity, 4b- -diaphragm, 401- -diaphragm body, 402- -feed check valve, 403- -discharge check valve, 404- -diaphragm male ring, 405- -one-way annular projection, 406- -positioning slot, 5b- -pump body, 501- -pump body, 502- -base, 503- -feed port, 504- -feed cavity, 505- -discharge port, 506- -discharge cavity, 507- -drive cavity, 508- -fixed hole, 509- -pump body positioning lug, 510- -top opening, 511- -sidewall female ring, 512- -positioning bolt, 6b- -threaded connecting rod, 7b- -coupling, 8b- -drive member, 801- -slot, 802- -through-positioning hole, 803- -through-hole, 9b- -lock nut, 10b- -hand rocker, 11b- -manual cavity closure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a field manual emergent water supply system, includes big particle filter, manual diaphragm pump 4, disinfectant disinfection unit, manual suction pump 7, deep purification unit 8 that are linked together through pipeline 3 in proper order and assembles the water valve 9 that produces on terminal pipeline, wherein:
The large particle filter comprises a porous bottom valve 2 arranged in a water source and a cloth bag 1 sleeved outside the porous bottom valve 2, the porous bottom valve 2 is communicated with a water inlet of the manual diaphragm pump 4 through a pipeline, and the manual diaphragm pump 4 is detachably fixed on a bracket 10;
The disinfectant sterilizing unit comprises a folding water tank 6, a disinfectant adding port is formed in the top of the folding water tank 6 for adding the disinfectant 5, a water inlet of the folding water tank 6 is communicated with a water outlet of the manual diaphragm pump 4 through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the folding water tank 6 is communicated with a water inlet of the manual suction pump 7 through a pipeline;
The deep purification unit 8 comprises a main filter 14 and a folding frame for supporting the main filter 14, an integrated filter element 15 is arranged in the main filter 14, a water inlet of the main filter 14 is communicated with a water outlet of the manual suction pump 7 through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the main filter 14 is communicated with the water production valve 9 through a pipeline.
Through the cooperation of above each unit, this system can carry out large granule filtration, disinfectant disinfection and filter and clear away purification product water such as pollutant and directly reach national life drinking water standard even direct drinking water standard, and the water valve 9 can connect the container that water storage bag etc. conveniently drunk, and the setting of support 10, folding water tank 6 and the folding leg of manual diaphragm pump for this system is more applicable to the field use, is convenient for dismouting and carry.
The water supply method of the field manual emergency water supply system comprises the following steps:
The large particle filter is placed in a water source, after the large particles in the water source are filtered and removed through the large particle filter, under the action of the large-flux manual diaphragm pump 4, water flows into the folding water tank 6, disinfectant is added into the folding water tank 6 through the disinfectant adding port for sterilization, after sterilization is finished, the manual suction pump 7 is turned on, the sterilized water enters the main filter 14, and is discharged from the water producing valve after being filtered through the integrated filter element 15.
Preferably, the disinfectant is high-purity calcium hypochlorite with an available chlorine of 70% or more, and can rapidly kill various bacterial viruses in a water source within 30 minutes.
Example 2
This example is further described on the basis of example 1 in order to improve the throughput, cleanliness and portability of the system.
The cloth bag 1 is arranged on the porous bottom valve 2 in a preferred mode, so that large-particle suspended matters such as leaves, sediment, algae and the like in a water source are effectively intercepted while the water flux of the porous bottom valve 2 is ensured.
Preferably, the pipeline is a food-grade hose, and adopts domestic or foreign import hoses with extracts meeting national standard requirements, and all components of the complete machine are connected through quick connectors.
As the preferred mode, manual diaphragm pump 4 is manual diaphragm pump 4 of big flux, is preferably reciprocating type double diaphragm hand pump, manual diaphragm pump 4 is fixed in through the nut support 10, and the during operation can be stepped on support 10 with the foot, and it is laborsaving convenient, and the water yield is big, can carry the water source to folding water tank 6 through food-grade hose 3 fast.
Preferably, the folding frame comprises a first supporting leg 11, a second supporting leg 13 and a mounting frame 12, wherein positioning pins are fixed at the bottoms of the first supporting leg 11 and the second supporting leg 13, the top of the first supporting leg 11 is connected with the top of the second supporting leg 13 through a slot and a bolt, the mounting frame 12 is fixed on the second supporting leg 13 through the slot and the bolt, the top of the main filter 14 is fixed on the mounting frame 12, the bottom of the filter 14 is fixed on a mounting groove 21 on the second supporting leg 13, and the manual suction pump 7 is mounted on the first supporting leg 11.
The manual suction pump 7 is installed on the first supporting leg 11 and is firmly fixed through a lock nut, and the maximum working pressure of the manual suction pump 7 can reach 3bar, so that the working pressure requirement of the deep purification unit 8 can be met.
Preferably, the filter 14 includes a cylinder 17, a sealing cover 16 connected to an opening at the top of the cylinder 17, and a filter element mounting bracket 18 disposed on an inner wall of the cylinder 17 and used for mounting the integrated filter element 15, wherein an outer edge of the filter element mounting bracket 18 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the cylinder 17, a water collecting hole for discharging water is formed in the center, the top of the integrated filter element 15 is sealed by the sealing cover 16, and a central cavity is formed in the center and is communicated with the water collecting hole.
The sealing cover 16 is connected with the top of the cylinder 17 in a threaded connection mode, the sealing cover 16 can be screwed on and off by hand through a handle on the sealing cover 16 without any tool, the integrated filter element 15 is the most core part of the deep purification unit 8, the bottom of the integrated filter element 15 is fixed on the filter element mounting bracket 18, water is screwed and fixed through a locking nut on the top of the filter element mounting bracket 18, water is pressurized by the manual suction pump 7 to enter the filter 14, a water inlet is formed on the side wall of the top of the cylinder 17, water flow enters the cylinder 17 through the water inlet, passes through the integrated special filter element 15 from outside to inside under pressure driving, and is discharged from a water collecting hole formed on the filter element mounting bracket 18 after being filtered by the integrated filter element 15, and finally is discharged from a water outlet on the bottom of the cylinder 17.
As a preferred mode, the integrated filter element 15 is a multi-layer composite filter element, is formed by mixing a plurality of nano porous adsorption materials with 300-600 meshes and then processing the mixture through a high-density extrusion process, has ultra-large specific surface area, ultra-large adsorption capacity and ultra-high filtration efficiency, thoroughly filters and removes various pollutants in a water source, and directly enables produced water to reach national living drinking water standards even direct drinking water standards.
Example 3
In order to increase portability, this embodiment adds a case on the basis of embodiment 2.
Preferably, the water supply system further comprises a portable box for accommodating the large particle filter, the manual membrane pump 4, the disinfectant sterilization unit, the manual suction pump 7, the deep purification unit 8, the stand 10 and the folding stand.
Preferably, the portable case includes a first housing module 19 and a second housing module 20, wherein a clamping groove for fixing the bracket 10, the manual diaphragm pump 4, and the pipe is formed in the first housing module, and a clamping groove for fixing the first leg 11, the second leg 13, the mounting frame 12, and the filter 14 is formed in the second housing module 20. When the whole machine is removed, all the disassembled parts can be sequentially placed into the clamping groove, so that the transportation safety is ensured.
When the multifunctional integrated machine is used, after the integrated machine is carried to a pointed place, the first storage module 19 and the second storage module 20 are firstly opened, all components are taken out, the porous bottom valve 2, the manual diaphragm pump 4 and the folding water tank 6 are sequentially connected through the pipeline 3 (food-grade hose) according to the figure 1, the cloth bag 1 is sleeved on the porous bottom valve 2, then the first supporting leg 11 and the second supporting leg 13 are fixedly connected with the mounting frame 12 through slots, then the filter 14 is mounted in the mounting groove 28 of the mounting frame 12 and the mounting groove 28 of the second supporting leg 13 and is fixedly arranged, the manual suction pump 7 is fixedly arranged on the first supporting leg 11 through a lock nut, and the folding water tank 6, the manual suction pump 7, the filter 14 and the water producing valve 9 are sequentially connected through the pipeline 3 (food-grade hose), so that the integrated machine is assembled.
Then enter the stage of making water, firstly place porous bottom valve 2 in water sources such as rivers and lakes, start manual diaphragm pump 4 of big flux, slowly carry rivers and lakes water to folding water tank 6, then throw a certain amount of disinfectant 5 into it, after stirring evenly and standing for 30min, start manual suction pump 7 and pressurize water to deep purification unit 8, discharge through producing water valve 9 after filtering through integral type filter core 15, can adopt water storage bag etc. to collect, convenient follow-up drinking.
Example 4
In order to improve the filtering effect of the integrated filter element 15.
The integrated filter element 15 comprises a plurality of hollow cylindrical filter layers which are sequentially and tightly connected, a ceramic layer 8.1, a composite adsorption layer 8.2, a protective layer 8.3 and an active carbon layer 8.4 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, a cavity is formed in the center of the active carbon layer, the composite adsorption layer is formed by extruding a porous material and a binder, the protective layer is made of KDF (KDF high-purity copper zinc filter material, ATS ion exchange resin) and ATS adsorption resin, and the porous material is a mixture of one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina.
The ceramic layer 8.1, the composite adsorption layer 8.2, the protective layer 8.3 and the activated carbon layer 8.4 are compounded by an adhesive.
More preferably, the zeolite powder is a modified zeolite powder. In particular to modified zeolite powder treated by 10 to 15 percent hydrochloric acid. The bentonite is sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite or a mixture of the two. Further preferred is calcium bentonite. The kaolin is calcined kaolin. The alumina is activated alumina. The graphene is one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, anion modified graphene and redox graphene. Further preferred are graphene oxide and anionically modified graphene.
As a preferred mode, the ceramic layer is made of natural diatom ceramic, the outer surface of the ceramic layer can be cleaned, the filter element can be reused, and the filter element cannot be blocked by pollutants due to long-time use.
Preferably, the activated carbon layer is made of coconut shell carbon, and the activated carbon is silver-loaded activated carbon. The active carbon layer is used for removing peculiar smell in water and improving taste. The activated carbon material is subjected to silver-carrying modification treatment, and has a bacteriostatic function. The active carbon layer adopts an extrusion rod-shaped active carbon structure, and has large adsorption area and adsorption capacity.
The activated carbon layer is prepared by the following steps:
Ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the activated carbon and nano silver sol for 10-90min, drying is carried out for 1-5h at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ in vacuum, and extrusion molding is carried out, wherein: the particle size of the activated carbon powder is higher than 200 meshes, and the particle size of the nano silver particles is 100-600nm;
extrusion molding is divided into 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa;
And naturally cooling the obtained extruded filter element to 20-30 ℃ in a die to obtain the activated carbon layer.
Preferably, the composite adsorption layer is prepared from a porous material mixture and an adhesive through grinding, zero-valent iron modification, high-density extrusion and other processes. The pore size of the micropores of the porous material is 0.01-10 mu m, and the particle size mesh number of the ground particles is higher than 200 meshes. The adhesive is polyacrylonitrile or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The composite adsorption layer can intercept bacteria and virus microorganisms, can efficiently adsorb residual chlorine and organic matters, can efficiently remove heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, arsenic, copper, lead and the like, and can also remove radionuclides.
As a preferable mode, the outer diameter of the integrated filter element 15 is 40mm-160mm, the diameter of the cavity is 5mm-10mm, the thickness of the ceramic layer (3 mm-8 mm), the composite adsorption layer (5 mm-30 mm), the protective layer (5 mm-20 mm) and the active carbon layer is 5mm-20mm, and the length is 80mm-400mm.
Preferably, the composite adsorption layer is prepared by the following steps:
step 1, mixing one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina to obtain a mixture;
Step 2, fully grinding the mixture, and controlling the particle size mesh number of the ground mixed powder to be higher than 200 meshes, preferably 300-500 meshes;
step 3, carrying out nano-iron modification on the grinding mixture powder obtained in the step 2, and forming nano zero-valent iron particles in micropores of the mixed powder particles to obtain modified mixed powder;
step 4, drying the modified mixed powder obtained in the step 3 for 5-10 hours at 300-500 ℃;
step 5, adding the adhesive with the mesh number higher than 200 meshes into the dry modified mixed powder obtained in the step 4, uniformly mixing,
Step 6, extruding and molding the mixture obtained in the step 5, wherein the high-density extrusion process comprises 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa.
The filter element is formed by a high-density extrusion process (extrusion is adopted, the filter element has a compact structure, the density can reach more than 5000kg/m 3, the adsorption surface area is large, the adsorption capacity is increased, harmful substances are almost completely intercepted in the layer, meanwhile, the adsorption layer has good mechanical strength, the filter material is not damaged, the filter material is not leaked), the filter element has a compact structure, the mechanical strength is high, the damage can not occur in use, and the leakage of particles is avoided
And 7, naturally cooling the extruded filter element obtained in the step 6 to 25 ℃ in a die to prepare the composite adsorption layer. Can treat various bacteria, microorganisms, organics, heavy metals and radionuclides.
Preferably, in the step 1, the weight ratio of the zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene, alumina and the binder is (60-80): (10-25): (4-10): (0.1-10): (4-10): (5-15); the weight ratio is more preferably (65 to 75): (12-23): (5-8): (0.5-6): (5-9): (7-12). The whole space action range of the uniform mixing is enlarged, the field enhancement effect is also achieved, and the specific component proportion can be selected according to the material property and the actual wastewater characteristic.
Preferably, the method for modifying nano iron in the step 3 is as follows:
a, soaking the mixed powder in an aqueous solution with 3-15% of starch, 1-10% of ferrous ions and 7-11 of pH for 20-30 minutes at normal temperature, and taking out and drying;
b, soaking the dried powder in the step a in sodium borohydride aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-10 for 3-15 minutes, and taking out and airing;
c, heating the dried powder in the step b to about 300-500 ℃ at a heating rate of 50-130 ℃ per hour under the protection of nitrogen, preserving heat for 1-5 hours, cooling to below 150 ℃, and taking out for natural cooling.
The zero-valent iron coating is arranged in the developed microporous structure of the adsorption material after modification of the zero-valent iron, and can firmly fix heavy metal ions and radionuclides while the developed pore structure rapidly adsorbs bacteria virus microorganisms, organic matters, residual chlorine, heavy metal ions and radionuclides, so that precipitation and falling are prevented, and the use safety of purified water can be ensured
Preferably, the density of the composite adsorption layer is 5000kg/m 3 or more, such as 10000-80000kg/m 3, preferably 30000-50000kg/m 3, and the density of the activated carbon layer is 5000kg/m 3 or more, preferably 10000-80000kg/m 3, more preferably 30000-50000kg/m 3.
Example 5
The main filter 14 comprises a shell 2a, a water inlet 6a is formed on the side wall of the shell, a water outlet 7a is formed at the bottom of the shell, a tray a3 (the tray a3 forms a filter element mounting bracket 18) for fixing the bottom of the integrated filter element 15 is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the outer edge of the tray 3a is fixed on the inner wall of the shell in a sealing way, a water collecting hole corresponding to the central cavity is formed in the center of the tray 3a, and a pressing block 5a for sealing and pressing the top of the integrated filter element 15 is fixed at the top of the shell.
The briquetting 5a pushes down the integrated filter core 15 top, and seals the top of cavity, tray 3a is used for fixed and sealing the bottom of integrated filter core 15, and tray and casing junction pass through the adhesive bonding, prevent tray top liquid through the clearance inflow tray below casing. The rubber gaskets are arranged at the joint of the integrated filter element 15 and the pressing block and the joint of the integrated filter element 15 and the tray, so that the sealing effect is achieved, and the waterway short circuit is further avoided.
The pretreated and sterilized surface water enters the shell through the water inlet 6a at the upper side of the shell under the action of pressure, and after the water fills the space formed between the inner wall of the shell and the outside of the integrated filter element 15, the water sequentially passes through the ceramic layer, the composite adsorption layer, the protective layer and the activated carbon layer of the integrated filter element 15 under the driving of pressure, enters the central cavity after being purified, and is discharged through the central cavity, the water collecting hole and the water outlet 7.
As the water passes through the integrated cartridge 15, small particles and some bacteria therein are trapped outside the ceramic layer. The bacteria and virus microorganism, organic matter, residual chlorine and heavy metal ions are captured in the pore structure of the composite adsorption layer, are further reduced by the zero-valent iron coating and are firmly fixed in the micropores. As the composite adsorption layer filter core material has a developed pore structure, the adsorption area per unit volume is far higher than that of the common adsorption material after grinding and high-density extrusion, so that the composite adsorption layer filter core material has strong capability of capturing various pollutants, high adsorption rate and adsorption capacity and purification efficiency of 99.9 percent. The purified water passes through the protective layer, so that the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions is further ensured, and the water quality and taste are improved through the activated carbon layer.
Preferably, the shell 2a comprises a cylinder 2.2a with a funnel-shaped bottom and a top cover 2.1a detachably assembled on the top of the cylinder. The top cover is in threaded connection with the top of the barrel, the water inlet 6a is formed on the side wall of the upper portion of the barrel, the water outlet 7 is formed at the bottommost part of the funnel-shaped structure, and the tray 3a is fixed in the barrel 2.2a and is positioned at the topmost part of the funnel-shaped structure.
The bottom is the barrel of funnel shape and forms a relatively confined cavity behind end cover sealing connection, with filter core location wherein realizing filtering adsorption effect. The funnel-shaped arrangement can improve drainage effect and collection effect.
Preferably, the tray 3a is flat cylindrical, has a certain mechanical strength, can support the combined filter element,
Preferably, an outer extension rod is arranged outside the top cover 2.1 a. The top cover 2.1a is rotated by means of the overhanging rod, so that the top cover can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, 4 overhanging rods can be arranged, and the overhanging rod and the top cover can be designed into a whole or disassembled.
As the preferred mode, emergent water supply filter still includes and is located connecting pipe 4a in the central cavity, the top of connecting pipe seals the bottom opening, be formed with a plurality of trompils on the lateral wall of connecting pipe, the bottom of connecting pipe is formed with the external screw thread, be formed with the internal screw thread on the catchment hole of tray, the bottom of connecting pipe is in through threaded connection on the tray, the top of connecting pipe is formed with the external screw thread, the center of briquetting is formed with the screw hole that is link up, the top of connecting pipe is in through threaded connection on the briquetting.
The connecting pipe is an equal-diameter hollow thin-wall cylindrical rod, 4 holes are formed in the middle upper part and the middle lower part of the connecting pipe, and the axis of each hole is perpendicular to the axis direction of the rod. During operation, the cavity in the center of the integrated filter element 15 passes through the connecting pipe 4a and is arranged on the tray 3a, and the integrated filter element 15 is pressed on the tray 3a through the threaded connection between the pressing block 5a and the top of the connecting pipe 4 a.
The purified waste liquid enters the inner cavity of the integrated filter element 15, enters the inner cavity of the connecting pipe through 4 openings on the connecting pipe 4a, further enters the conical cavity below the cylinder 2.2a through the opening of the end of the connecting pipe 4a A, and is discharged through the water outlet 7 a.
The connecting pipe adopts the mode that lower extreme and tray fixed connection upper end and briquetting are connected, has reduced the extrusion location requirement of end cover to adsorbing the filter core, improves the convenience of dismantlement installation location, especially avoids the end cover to the perhaps poor seal that leads to the fact of adsorbing the filter core when installing. And the adsorption filter element has simple structure and convenient operation and replacement, and can greatly reduce personnel operation and maintenance work. The combined adsorption filter element capable of processing various radionuclides has the advantages of simple structure, simple structure of required matched application equipment, small occupied area, capability of greatly simplifying the existing radioactive waste liquid treatment and adsorption process flow and convenience for industrialized popularization.
As a preferred mode, in order to improve the positioning effect on the adsorption filter element, the tray is provided with a groove corresponding to the adsorption filter element, so that the installation is convenient, and the sealing effect of the lower end is improved. Meanwhile, in order to improve the connection strength, reinforcing ribs are formed at the bottom of the tray, or reinforcing ribs and the like are formed on the periphery of the water collecting hole.
Preferably, the two ends of the central cavity are respectively provided with an upper spigot and a lower spigot, the pressing block is of a cylindrical structure matched and sealed with the upper spigot, and the tray is provided with a groove matched with the lower spigot. The circuitous design is added, and the sealing effect is improved. Sealing gaskets are arranged between the integrated filter element 15 and the tray and between the integrated filter element 15 and the pressing block so as to further avoid waterway short circuit.
Example 4
In order to increase the throughput of the manual diaphragm pump 4, it is made more suitable for field use.
The manual diaphragm pump 4 includes the pump body 501, the both sides of pump body 501 are all sealed to be equipped with an end cover 1b, the pump body with each all seal between the end cover 1b and assemble a diaphragm 4b, the end cover 1b and the diaphragm 4b of pump body 501 and both sides pass through hold-down mechanism locking, each diaphragm 4b receives the reciprocal deformation of rocker actuating mechanism, wherein:
a sealed driving cavity 507, a feeding cavity 504 and a discharging cavity 506 which are not communicated with the driving cavity 507 are formed between the pump body 501 and the diaphragm 4b, the driving end of the rocker driving mechanism is positioned in the driving cavity 507, and a feeding port 503 communicated with the feeding cavity 504 and a discharging port 505 communicated with the discharging cavity 506 are arranged on the pump body 501;
a cavity 101, a feed channel 102 and a discharge channel 103 which are respectively communicated with the cavity 101 are formed in each end cover 1b, a closed cavity 11b for storing fluid is formed between each cavity 101 and the corresponding membrane 4b, the volume of the closed cavity 11b changes along with the deformation of the membrane 4b, each feed channel 102 is communicated with the feed cavity 504 and the corresponding closed cavity 11b through a feed check valve 402 fixed on the corresponding membrane 4b, and each discharge channel 103 is communicated with the corresponding closed cavity 11b and the discharge cavity 506 through a discharge check valve 403 fixed on the corresponding membrane 4 b.
Each membrane 4b comprises a membrane body 401, and a feed check valve 402 and a discharge check valve 403 symmetrically assembled on the membrane body 401, and the feed check valve 402 on each membrane 4b is assembled between the feed cavity 504 of the pump body and the feed channel 102 of the corresponding end cap, only for controlling the fed liquid from the feed cavity 504 into the closed cavity 11b. The closed cavity 11b is used for storing the fluid to be transported during operation. The discharge check valve 403 is fitted between the discharge chamber 506 of the pump body and the discharge channel 103 of the corresponding end cap, and is only used to control the discharge of the liquid to be delivered from the closed chamber 11b to the discharge chamber 506. The feeding chamber 504 is used for communicating the corresponding closed cavity 11b with the feeding port, and the discharging chamber 506 is used for communicating the corresponding closed cavity 11b with the discharging port.
Preferably, the inlet 503 and the outlet 505 are disposed on two sides of the pump body 501 along the fluid conveying direction, and the rocker driving mechanism drives the diaphragm 4b to move in a direction perpendicular to the fluid conveying direction to deform.
The reciprocating deformation of the two diaphragms 4b causes the volume of the two closed cavities 11b to alternately expand and contract, so that the suction and the discharge of the conveyed fluid are formed, and the conveying of the fluid is realized.
Specifically, the two end covers are respectively a first end cover and a second end cover, the two diaphragms are respectively a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm, a cavity 101 of the first end cover and a closed cavity 11b formed by sealing the first diaphragm are respectively a first cavity, a closed cavity 11b formed by sealing the cavity 101 of the second end cover and the second diaphragm is a second cavity, a feeding channel and a discharging channel formed on the first end cover are respectively a first feeding channel and a first discharging channel, and a feeding channel and a discharging channel formed on the second end cover are respectively a second feeding channel and a second discharging channel.
When the rocker driving mechanism drives the first diaphragm to approach the closed first chamber, the space volume of the first chamber is reduced, the pressure is increased, the discharge check valve 403 on the first diaphragm is opened, the feed check valve 402 is closed, fluid sequentially passes through the first chamber, the first discharge channel, the discharge check valve 403 on the first diaphragm and the first discharge cavity to be discharged from the discharge port 505, then when the rocker driving mechanism drives the second diaphragm to approach the second chamber, the deformation opposite to the deformation is simultaneously driven to occur on the first diaphragm, the space volume of the first chamber is increased, the pressure is reduced (the feed check valve 402 on the first diaphragm is opened, the discharge check valve 403 is closed, the fluid sequentially passes through the feed port 503, the feed cavity 504, the feed check valve 402 on the first diaphragm and the first feed channel 102 to enter the first chamber), at the same time, the second diaphragm approaches the second chamber, the discharge check valve 403 on the second diaphragm is opened, the feed check valve 402 is closed, and the fluid sequentially passes through the second chamber, the second discharge check valve 103 and the discharge cavity 506 to be discharged from the discharge port 505. In this way, along with the reciprocating motion of the rocker driving mechanism, the deformation of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm causes the volumes of the two first chambers and the second chambers to be alternately expanded and contracted, so that the suction and the discharge of the fluid to be conveyed are formed, and the fluid conveying is realized.
Preferably, a base 502 is fixed to the bottom of the pump body 501, and a fixing bolt hole is formed in the base 502. The pump body 501 and the base 502 constitute the pump body 5b of the manual pump of the present invention, and the base 502 is used for fixing the pump body 5b of the present invention.
Preferably, the pump body 501, the end cover 1b and the diaphragm 4b are matched in parallel, and the outline of the diaphragm 4b is the same as the outline of the inner side wall of the end cover 1b and the side wall of the pump body 501. The three can form a closed cavity by matching.
Preferably, the compressing mechanism comprises a pump body positioning ear 509 fixed on the outer side of the pump body 501, and an end cover positioning ear 105 fixed on the end cover 1b, and a threaded connecting rod 6b passing through the pump body positioning ear 509 and the end cover positioning ear 105 and fastened by locking nuts 9b at both ends.
Two pump body positioning earrings 509 are symmetrically arranged, each pump body positioning earring 509 is a closed positioning earring, a closed through hole for the threaded connecting rod 6b to pass through is formed in each pump body positioning earring 509, two end cover positioning earrings 105 are symmetrically arranged, each end cover positioning earring 105 is a non-closed positioning earring, and an open through hole for the threaded connecting rod 6b to pass through is formed in each end cover positioning earring 105. (the design that closed hole and non-closed hole combine together, be convenient for install the location fast) screw thread connecting rod 6b both ends all are provided with the screw thread, pass pump body location earring 509 and end cover location earring 105, and both ends pass through lock nut 9b fastening, realize the fastening of pump body 501 and both sides diaphragm 4b and end cover 1b thereof. The lock nut 9b is a nut which is manually detachably assembled.
Preferably, two side wall surfaces of each of the driving chamber 507, the feeding chamber 504 and the discharging chamber 506 are provided with side wall concave rings 511, which are sealed in cooperation with the diaphragm convex rings 404 formed on the corresponding surfaces of the diaphragm 4 b. This facilitates the positioning and assembly of the pump body 501 and the diaphragm 4b and acts as a seal. Three diaphragm convex rings 404 are provided on the corresponding surface of each diaphragm 4b, corresponding to the side wall concave rings 511 on the side wall surfaces of the driving chamber 507, the feeding chamber 504 and the discharging chamber 506, respectively.
Preferably, each end cap 1b is a convex shell structure, and each of the side wall surfaces of the concave cavity 101, the feeding channel 102 and the discharging channel 103 is formed with an end cap concave ring 104, and the end cap concave ring 104 is sealed in a matching manner with a diaphragm convex ring 404 formed on the corresponding surface of the diaphragm 4 b. This facilitates the positioning and assembly of the end cap 1b and the diaphragm 4b and acts as a seal. Three diaphragm convex rings 404 are arranged on the corresponding surface of each diaphragm 4b, and correspond to the end cover concave rings 104 on the side wall surfaces of the concave cavity 101, the feeding channel 102 and the discharging channel 103 respectively.
Preferably, the rocker driving mechanism includes a rocker structure with one end located in the driving cavity 507 and the other end penetrating from the pump body 501, a coupling member 7b driven by the rocker structure to reciprocate along the axial direction, and a support chuck I31 fixed at two ends of the coupling member 7b to drive the corresponding membrane 4b to deform.
The top of the rocker structure is manually rocked, the rocker structure drives the coupling piece 7b to reciprocate along the axial direction, the coupling piece is cylindrical, and when the coupling piece 7b drives the support chuck I31 to axially move, the support chuck I31 pushes the membrane 4b to deform, and the volume of the corresponding concave cavity 101 changes to push fluid to flow. The support chuck I31 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 4b, and is deformed by pushing and pulling the diaphragm 4b when the coupling member 7b reciprocates.
In addition to the above push-pull to deform the membrane 4b, in order to save more effort and make the membrane 4b return accurately, this embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that a reset assembly composed of a support chuck II and a support link is added, and in particular:
the rocker driving mechanism comprises a rocker structure, a coupling piece 7b, a supporting chuck I31 and a supporting chuck II32, wherein one end of the rocker structure is positioned in the driving cavity 507, the other end of the rocker structure penetrates out of the pump body 501, the coupling piece 7b is driven by the rocker structure to reciprocate along the axial direction, the supporting chuck I31 is respectively fixed at two ends of the coupling piece 7b to drive corresponding membranes 4b to deform positively (so that the volume of corresponding sealing cavities is enlarged), and the supporting chuck II32 is fixed on the corresponding end cover 1b through an elastic supporting connecting rod 2b to drive corresponding membranes 4b to deform reversely (so that the volume of corresponding sealing cavities is enlarged), wherein the supporting connecting rod, the supporting chuck I and the supporting chuck II are coaxially assembled.
Specifically, two support chuck I are first support chuck I and second support chuck I respectively, and two support chuck II are first support chuck II and second support chuck II respectively, and two support connecting rods are first support connecting rod and second support connecting rod respectively, and first support chuck I, first support chuck II and first support connecting rod correspond to be set up in pump body one side, and second support chuck I, second support chuck II and second support connecting rod correspond to be set up in pump body opposite side.
When the shaft coupling piece 7b drives the first support chuck I to move close to the first end cover, the first support chuck II moves in the same direction, the elastic first support connecting rod compresses, the first support chuck I pushes the first diaphragm to deform positively, the first cavity space is reduced, when the shaft coupling piece 7b drives the second support chuck I to move close to the second end cover, the second diaphragm deforms positively, the first cavity space is reduced, meanwhile, the first support connecting rod recovers to deform, the first support chuck II moves to the side far away from the corresponding end cover, the first support chuck II pushes the first diaphragm to deform reversely, and the first cavity space is increased.
The reset component can (1) ensure that the diaphragm can naturally deform in the reciprocating motion and accurately return to the initial position; (2) The pre-elastic action of the support links contributes to a reduction in the operating resistance.
Preferably, a positioning hole is formed in the center of the cavity 101 of the end cap 1b to fix one end of the support link 2b, and the other end of the support link 2b is fixed to the end of the coupling member 7b through the center holes formed in the support chuck I, the diaphragm and the support chuck II in sequence. The positioning hole can be matched with the supporting connecting rod to play a role in positioning and supporting
Preferably, the support chuck I31 and the support chuck II32 have disc-shaped structures with the same shape and size, each of which includes a chuck a surface and a chuck B surface, wherein each of the chucks a surface faces the diaphragm 4B, the chuck B surface of the support chuck I31 is formed with a cavity 303 into which the end of the coupling member 7B is inserted, and the chuck B surface of the support chuck II32 is formed with a cavity into which the end of the support link 2B is inserted.
The cavity 303 or the cavity is rectangular or circular, and is formed at the center of the support chuck I or the support chuck II. The coupling piece 7b, the support chuck I31, the diaphragm 4b, the support chuck II32 and the elastic support connecting rod 2b are coaxially matched and assembled, and reciprocate together with the coupling piece 7 b.
Preferably, the chuck a surface body is a plane, the edge is an annular curved surface structure 301, and the chuck B surface is a radial hub structure 302.
Preferably, each membrane is formed with a unidirectional annular protrusion 405 to deform in both the forward and reverse directions. The unidirectional annular protrusion 405 faces the end cap side.
Preferably, each of the diaphragms has a diaphragm a surface and a diaphragm B surface, wherein the unidirectional circular protrusion 405 is formed on the diaphragm a surface, the diaphragm B surface faces to one side of the pump body, the diaphragm a surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck II32, and the diaphragm B surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck I31.
The membrane A is formed with an annular positioning clamping groove 406 for fixing the support chuck I, and the membrane B is formed with an annular positioning clamping groove 406 for fixing the support chuck II. Both the support chuck I and the support chuck II function to support and drive the diaphragm 4 b.
In order to reduce the friction force of the driving rocker, the rocker structure comprises a driving piece 8b and a manual rocker 10b fixed on the top of the driving piece 8b, the driving piece 8b is rotationally connected with the pump body 501 through a rotating mechanism, the bottom of the driving piece 8b is a driving end, the driving piece is positioned in the driving cavity 507 and is fixedly connected with the coupling piece 7b, and a top opening 510 formed on the top of the driving piece 8b penetrates out of the pump body 501.
The top opening 510 forms a space for the driving member 8b to swing. The driving piece 8b is rotationally connected with the pump body 501 through a rotating mechanism, so that the friction force in the driving process can be reduced, the rotational friction force is small, and the manpower is saved.
Preferably, the rotation mechanism includes two positioning members symmetrically fixed to both sides of the top opening 510 and a positioning bolt 512 fixed by nuts through the positioning members and the driving member 8 b.
The positioning members are provided with two positioning holes respectively positioned on two sides of the driving member 8b, a fixing hole 508 is formed in each positioning member, a positioning through hole 802 is formed in the middle of the driving member 8b, and positioning bolts penetrate through the fixing holes 508 and the ends of the positioning through holes 802 and are fixed by nuts.
The handle end of the manual rocker 10b swings reciprocally in a direction perpendicular to the fluid conveying direction, and the driving member 8b is driven to reciprocate in the same manner with the positioning bolt as an axis.
Preferably, the driving end is a saddle-shaped structure, the coupling piece 7b is located in a middle gap of the saddle-shaped structure, and the middle of the coupling piece 7b is fixed on the saddle-shaped structure through bolts and nuts.
Two coaxial through holes 803 are formed in the saddle-shaped structure, a coupling through hole 701 is formed in the center of the coupling piece 7b along the radial direction of the shaft, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the through holes 803 and the coupling through hole 701 to be matched with a nut so as to fix the saddle-shaped structure and the coupling piece 7b together.
Preferably, the top of the manual rocker 10b is in a handle shape, so that manual operation is facilitated.
Preferably, the manual rocker 10b is an elongated rod, the bottom of which is inserted in a slot formed in the top of the driving member 8 b. The center of the top end of the driving piece 8b is deeply grooved along the axial direction to form the slot 801, when the driving piece 8b passes through the opening at the top of the pump body to place the middle lower part in the driving cavity of the pump body, and the middle through hole is matched with the two driving piece fixing holes 508 symmetrically arranged at the top end of the pump body through the fixing bolts to form the driving shaft. The manual rocker 10b is detachable, convenient to carry and suitable for field emergency.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature's illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "under" other elements or features would then be oriented "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" may encompass both an upper and lower orientation. The device may be otherwise positioned (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The field manual emergency water supply system is characterized by comprising a large particle filter, a manual diaphragm pump, a disinfectant sterilizing unit, a manual suction pump, a deep purification unit and a water producing valve which are sequentially communicated through pipelines,
Wherein:
The large particle filter comprises a porous bottom valve arranged in a water source and a cloth bag sleeved outside the porous bottom valve, and the porous bottom valve is communicated with a water inlet of the manual diaphragm pump through a pipeline;
The disinfectant sterilizing unit comprises a folding water tank, a disinfectant adding port is arranged at the top of the folding water tank for adding disinfectant, a water inlet of the folding water tank is communicated with a water outlet of the manual diaphragm pump through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the folding water tank is communicated with a water inlet of the manual suction pump through a pipeline;
The deep purification unit comprises a main filter and a folding frame for supporting the main filter, an integrated filter element is arranged in the main filter, a water inlet of the main filter is communicated with a water outlet of the manual suction pump through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the main filter is communicated with the water production valve through a pipeline;
The manual diaphragm pump includes the pump body, the both sides of pump body are all sealed to be assembled with an end cover, the pump body with each all seal between the end cover and assemble a diaphragm, the end cover and the diaphragm of pump body and both sides pass through hold-down mechanism locking, each the diaphragm receives the reciprocal deformation of rocker actuating mechanism, wherein:
The pump body and the diaphragms on two sides are enclosed to form a sealed driving cavity, a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity which are not communicated with the driving cavity, the driving end of the rocker driving mechanism is positioned in the driving cavity, and a feeding hole communicated with the feeding cavity and a discharging hole communicated with the discharging cavity are formed in the pump body;
a concave cavity, a feeding channel and a discharging channel which are respectively communicated with the concave cavity are formed in each end cover, each concave cavity is in sealing connection with the corresponding diaphragm to form a closed cavity for storing fluid, the volume of the closed cavity changes along with the deformation of the diaphragm, each feeding channel is used for communicating the feeding cavity with the corresponding closed cavity through a feeding one-way valve fixed on the corresponding diaphragm, and each discharging channel is used for communicating the corresponding closed cavity with the corresponding discharging cavity through a discharging one-way valve fixed on the corresponding diaphragm;
the feeding hole and the discharging hole are respectively arranged at two sides of the pump body along the fluid conveying direction, and the rocker driving mechanism drives the diaphragm to move in the direction perpendicular to the fluid conveying direction so as to deform;
The rocker driving mechanism comprises a rocker structure, a coupling piece, a supporting chuck I and a supporting chuck II, wherein one end of the rocker structure is positioned in the driving cavity, the other end of the rocker structure penetrates out of the pump body, the coupling piece is driven by the rocker structure to reciprocate along the axial direction, the supporting chuck I is respectively fixed at two ends of the coupling piece to drive the corresponding diaphragm to deform in the forward direction, the supporting chuck II is fixed on the corresponding end cover through an elastic supporting connecting rod to drive the corresponding diaphragm to deform in the reverse direction, and the supporting connecting rod, the supporting chuck I and the supporting chuck II are coaxially assembled;
The center of the concave cavity of each end cover is provided with a positioning hole for fixing one end of the supporting connecting rod, and the other end of the supporting connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the center holes formed on the supporting chuck I, the diaphragm and the supporting chuck II to be fixed on the end part of the coupling piece;
the support chuck I and the support chuck II are disc-shaped structures with the same shape and size, each of the support chuck I and the support chuck II comprises a chuck A surface and a chuck B surface, each chuck A surface faces the diaphragm, a cavity for inserting the end part of the coupling piece is formed in the chuck B surface of the support chuck I, and a cavity for inserting the end part of the support connecting rod is formed in the chuck B surface of the support chuck II;
the chuck A surface main body is a plane, the edge of the chuck A surface main body is an annular curved surface structure, and the chuck B surface is a radial hub structure;
each diaphragm is provided with a unidirectional circular ring bulge so that the diaphragm deforms in the forward direction and the reverse direction;
The two sides of each diaphragm are respectively a diaphragm A surface and a diaphragm B surface, wherein a unidirectional circular ring bulge is formed on the diaphragm A surface, the diaphragm B surface faces one side of the pump body, the diaphragm A surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck II, and the diaphragm B surface is concentrically matched with the support chuck I.
2. The field manual emergency water supply according to claim 1, wherein the manual diaphragm pump is detachably fixed to the bracket, and the manual diaphragm pump is a high-throughput manual diaphragm pump.
3. The outdoor manual emergency water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the folding frame comprises a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg and a mounting frame, wherein positioning feet are fixed at the bottoms of the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg, the top of the first supporting leg is connected with the top of the second supporting leg through a slot and a bolt, the mounting frame is fixed on the second supporting leg through the slot and the bolt, the top of the main filter is fixed on the mounting frame, and the bottom of the filter is fixed on a mounting groove on the second supporting leg; the manual suction pump is mounted on the first leg.
4. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the main filter comprises a cylinder, a sealing cover connected to an opening at the top of the cylinder, and a filter element mounting bracket arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and used for mounting the integrated filter element, wherein the outer edge of the filter element mounting bracket is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the cylinder, a water collecting hole for water outlet is formed in the center, the top of the integrated filter element is sealed by the sealing cover, a central cavity is formed in the center, and the central cavity is communicated with the water collecting hole;
The integrated filter element is a multi-layer composite filter element and comprises a plurality of layers of hollow cylindrical filter layers which are sequentially and tightly connected, a ceramic layer, a composite adsorption layer, a protective layer and an active carbon layer are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, a cavity is formed in the center of the active carbon layer, the composite adsorption layer is formed by extruding a porous material and a binder, the protective layer is made of KDF and ATS adsorption resin, and the porous material is a mixture of one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina;
the integrated filter element is characterized in that the outer diameter of the integrated filter element is 40-160 mm, the diameter of the cavity is 5-10 mm, the thickness of the ceramic layer is 3-8 mm, the thickness of the composite adsorption layer is 5-30 mm, the thickness of the protective layer is 5-20 mm, the thickness of the active carbon layer is 5-20 mm, and the length of the integrated filter element is 80-400 mm.
5. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 4, wherein the zeolite powder is modified zeolite powder treated by hydrochloric acid, the bentonite is sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite or a mixture of the two, the kaolin is calcined kaolin, the alumina is activated alumina, and the graphene is one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, anion modified graphene and redox graphene;
the ceramic layer is made of natural diatom ceramics;
The active carbon layer is made of coconut shell carbon, and the active carbon is silver-carrying active carbon;
The ratio of KDF and ATS is (1:0.2) - (1:30).
6. The field manual emergency water supply according to claim 3, wherein said water supply further comprises a portable case; the portable case comprises a first storage module and a second storage module, wherein clamping grooves used for fixing the support, the manual diaphragm pump and the pipeline are formed in the first storage module, the support is used for supporting the manual diaphragm pump, and clamping grooves used for fixing the first supporting leg, the second supporting leg, the mounting frame and the filter are formed in the second storage module.
7. The field manual emergency water supply according to claim 4, wherein the activated carbon layer is prepared by:
Ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the activated carbon and nano silver sol for 10-90min, drying is carried out for 1-5h at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ in vacuum, and extrusion molding is carried out, wherein: the particle size of the activated carbon powder is higher than 200 meshes, and the particle size of the nano silver particles is 100-600nm;
extrusion molding is divided into 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa;
Naturally cooling the obtained extruded filter element to 20-30 ℃ in a die to obtain an active carbon layer;
the composite adsorption layer is formed by grinding a porous material mixture and an adhesive, modifying with zero-valent iron and extruding with high density, wherein the porous material is one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina, the pore size of micropores of the porous material is 0.01-10 mu m, the particle size mesh number of the particles after grinding is higher than 200 meshes, and the adhesive is polyacrylonitrile or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;
the composite adsorption layer comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing one or more of zeolite powder, bentonite, kaolin, graphene and alumina to obtain a mixture;
Step 2, fully grinding the mixture, and controlling the particle size mesh number of the ground mixed powder to be higher than 200 meshes;
Step 3, carrying out nano iron modification on the grinding mixture powder obtained in the step 2: a, soaking the mixed powder in an aqueous solution with 3-15% of starch, 1-10% of ferrous ions and 7-11 of pH for 20-30 minutes at normal temperature, and taking out and drying;
b, soaking the dried powder in the step a in sodium borohydride aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-10 for 3-15 minutes, and taking out and airing;
c, heating the dried powder in the step b to 300-500 ℃ at a heating rate of 50-130 ℃ per hour under the protection of nitrogen, preserving heat for 1-5 hours, cooling to below 150 ℃, and taking out for natural cooling to obtain modified mixed powder;
step 4, drying the modified mixed powder obtained in the step 3 for 5-10 hours at 300-500 ℃;
step 5, adding the adhesive with the mesh number higher than 200 meshes into the dry modified mixed powder obtained in the step 4, uniformly mixing,
Step 6, extruding and forming the mixture obtained in the step 5, wherein the extruding and forming is divided into 4 stages:
The first stage: extruding for 1-3 h under the conditions of 50-150 ℃ and 0.5-1.5 MPa;
And a second stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 3-5 MPa;
and a third stage: extruding for 3-6 h under the conditions of 200-350 ℃ and 4-7 MPa;
fourth stage: extruding for 2-4 h under the conditions of 100-300 ℃ and 5-8 MPa;
And 7, naturally cooling the extruded filter element obtained in the step 6 to 20-30 ℃ in a die to obtain the composite adsorption layer.
8. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the main filter comprises a housing, a water inlet is formed on the side wall of the housing, a water outlet is formed at the bottom of the housing, a water inlet channel is formed between the housing and the integrated filter element, and a central cavity for water supply flow outflow is formed in the center of the integrated filter element;
The inner bottom of the shell is provided with a tray for sealing and fixing the bottom of the integrated filter element, the outer edge of the tray is fixed on the inner wall of the shell in a sealing way, the center of the tray is provided with a water collecting hole corresponding to the central cavity, and the top of the shell is fixed with a pressing block for sealing and pressing the top of the integrated filter element;
the shell comprises a barrel body with a funnel-shaped bottom and a top cover detachably assembled at the top of the barrel body, the tray is flat cylindrical, and an outward extending rod is fixed at the outer part of the top cover.
9. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 8, wherein the emergency water supply filter further comprises a connecting pipe positioned in the central cavity, a top of the connecting pipe is sealed, a bottom opening is formed in the top of the connecting pipe, a plurality of holes are formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe, external threads are formed in the bottom of the connecting pipe, internal threads are formed in the water collecting hole of the tray, the bottom of the connecting pipe is connected in the water collecting hole through threads, external threads are formed in the top of the connecting pipe, a threaded hole which is communicated is formed in the center of the pressing block, and the top of the connecting pipe is connected in the threaded hole through threads;
the tray is provided with a groove corresponding to the integrated filter element, the bottom of the tray is provided with a reinforcing rib, or the periphery of the water collecting hole is provided with a reinforcing rib;
the two ends of the central cavity are respectively provided with an upper spigot and a lower spigot, the pressing block is of a cylindrical structure matched and sealed with the upper spigot, and the tray is provided with a boss matched and sealed with the lower spigot.
10. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 1, wherein a base is fixed at the bottom of the pump body, and a fixing bolt hole is formed in the base;
The pump body, the end cover and the diaphragm are matched in parallel, and the outline of the diaphragm is the same as the outline of the inner side wall of the end cover and the outline of the two side walls of the pump body;
The compressing mechanism comprises a pump body positioning lug fixed on the outer side of the pump body, and an end cover positioning lug fixed on the end cover, wherein the end cover positioning lug penetrates through the pump body positioning lug and the end cover positioning lug, two ends of the end cover positioning lug are fastened by locking nuts, side wall concave rings are respectively arranged on two side wall surfaces of the driving cavity, the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity, the three side wall concave rings are respectively matched and sealed with three diaphragm convex rings formed on corresponding surfaces of the diaphragms, each end cover is of an outer convex shell structure, and end cover concave rings are respectively formed on side wall surfaces of the concave cavity, the feeding channel and the discharging channel and are matched and sealed with the three diaphragm convex rings formed on corresponding surfaces of the diaphragms.
11. The field manual emergency water supply system according to claim 10, wherein the rocker structure comprises a driving piece and a manual rocker fixed at the top of the driving piece, the driving piece is rotationally connected with the pump body through a rotating mechanism, the bottom of the driving piece is a driving end, the driving end is positioned in the driving cavity and fixedly connected with the coupling piece, and the top of the driving piece penetrates out of a top opening formed in the pump body;
The rotating mechanism comprises two positioning pieces symmetrically fixed at two sides of the top opening and positioning bolts penetrating through the positioning pieces and the driving piece and two ends of which are fixed by nuts;
The driving end is of a saddle-shaped structure, the coupling piece is positioned in a gap in the middle of the saddle-shaped structure, and the middle of the coupling piece is fixed on the saddle-shaped structure through bolts and nuts;
Two coaxial through holes are formed in the saddle-shaped structure, a coupling through hole is formed in the center of the coupling piece along the radial direction of the coupling piece, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the through holes and the coupling through hole to be matched with a nut so as to fix the saddle-shaped structure and the coupling piece together; the manual rocker is an elongated rod piece, the top of the manual rocker is in a grab handle shape, and the bottom of the manual rocker is inserted into a slot formed in the top of the driving piece.
12. A water supply method using the field manual emergency water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:
And after the large particulate matters in the water source are filtered and removed by the large particulate filter, under the action of the large-flux manual diaphragm pump, water flows into the folding water tank, disinfectant is added into the folding water tank through the disinfectant adding port for sterilization, the manual suction pump is turned on after the sterilization is completed, the sterilized water enters the main filter, and is discharged from the water producing valve after being filtered by the integrated filter element.
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| CN117101220A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-11-24 | 合肥美的电冰箱有限公司 | Water supply system for refrigeration equipment and refrigeration equipment |
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