CN112976577A - Post-processing method for printing intermediate of photocuring 3D printed piece - Google Patents
Post-processing method for printing intermediate of photocuring 3D printed piece Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种光固化3D打印后处理，该方法操作简单，利用光固化3D打印后为完全固化的打印中间体的特性，在后处理过程中，即打印中间体完全固化的过程中，打印中间体与后处理模件贴合，使得打印件表面能够形成后处理模件上的表面结构，增加打印件表面的纹理、粗糙度或者改变表面特征，便于打印件后续的加工，或者实现对打印件的预定设计功能，而且后处理模件的形状以及表面结构根据打印件定制，满足不同的生产需求。
The invention discloses a photocuring 3D printing post-processing. The method is simple to operate, and utilizes the characteristics of a fully cured printing intermediate after photocuring 3D printing. The printing intermediate is attached to the post-processing module, so that the surface of the printed part can form the surface structure on the post-processing module, increase the texture and roughness of the surface of the printed part, or change the surface features, which facilitates the subsequent processing of the printed part, or realizes the The predetermined design function of the printed part, and the shape and surface structure of the post-processing module are customized according to the printed part to meet different production needs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional forming, in particular to a post-processing method of a printing intermediate of a photocuring 3D printed piece.
Background
The stereolithography apparatus (SLA or SL) mainly uses a photosensitive resin as a raw material, and utilizes the characteristic that a liquid photosensitive resin is rapidly cured by laser beam irradiation of a specific wavelength and intensity. The photosensitive resin is generally liquid, the light source generally selects ultraviolet light, and the photosensitive resin generally causes polymerization reaction under the irradiation of ultraviolet light (250 nm-400 nm) with specific wavelength to finish curing.
Although the photo-curing reaction occurs in the photo-curing molding, in order to match the requirements of the 3D printing process and improve the performance of the material, other materials, such as fillers for filling the gaps between the polymer molecular chains, are also added to the printing raw material; a diluent for adjusting the photocuring reaction speed; a non-light-curable resin for improving material properties.
Specifically, the photocuring 3D printing method comprises the following steps: the three-dimensional model is layered in one direction to obtain the outline information or image information of each layer, then the data information of each layer is realized through a light source, a light pattern is irradiated on a printing raw material, after photosensitive resin in the raw material is irradiated by light, polymerization reaction (photocuring) occurs, polymerized molecular chains can fix other materials to form a cured layer together, after the light pattern of the layer is cured, the next layer of curing is performed, iteration is repeated, and finally a complete printing piece (the three-dimensional model) is formed.
Under certain conditions, after the photo-curing 3D printing process is completed, the printed material may contain uncured and/or partially incompletely cured material, and thus such printed material may be referred to as a printing intermediate. There are several reasons for the presence of uncured and/or partially incompletely cured material components in the printing intermediate, one of which may be due to incomplete photocuring reactions resulting in incomplete curing of a portion of the photosensitive resin material due to the relatively fast photocuring 3D printing speed, and the other of which may be that the original printing material contains material components that are not photo-curable, and which may only be further cured in a subsequent curing reaction. The printing intermediate has low overall structural strength and a certain viscosity on the surface, and further curing treatment is often required. In the post-treatment in the prior art, the resin material is further cured only in a supplementary illumination or heating mode, the mechanical property of the printed matter is improved, and the post-treatment is not carried out on the printing intermediate by utilizing the characteristics that the printing intermediate is integrally softer when the printing intermediate is not completely cured and the surface has viscosity, so that the effects of further changing the texture, the structure and the like of the surface of the printed matter are realized, for example, the surface roughness or the surface visual effect of the printed matter can be changed by increasing the surface texture. And present 3D prints more volume production mode and prints in the branch module, then with the module combination, perhaps will print a module combination and combine together through modes such as adhesion with other materials, so can be through improving aftertreatment technology for it can be easy with other part adhesions to print a piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a post-processing method of a printing intermediate of a photocuring 3D printing piece, which improves the mechanical property of the printing piece, and changes the texture and the structure of the surface of the printing piece through convenient process operation, thereby realizing some functions of the preset design of the printing piece.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a post-processing method of a printing intermediate of a photocuring 3D printed piece, which comprises the following steps
Step a, carrying out photocuring 3D printing on a printing raw material by using photocuring 3D printing equipment and forming a printing intermediate, wherein the printing intermediate contains a part of uncured and/or incompletely cured components;
b, optionally cleaning the printing intermediate finished in the step a;
c, using a post-processing module, wherein the post-processing module comprises at least one attachable surface, the attachable surface is matched with at least one receiving surface of the printing intermediate, and the attachable surface of the post-processing module is provided with lines capable of realizing a preset design function; after the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body and the attachable surface of the post-processing module are attached to each other, the printing intermediate body and the post-processing module are subjected to post-processing together, so that uncured and/or incompletely cured components in the printing intermediate body are further cured, and the post-processing step comprises heating and/or light irradiation.
And d, separating the printing intermediate body after the step c from the post-processing module to form a printing piece.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages: the post-processing module is simple to operate, the shape and the surface structure of the post-processing module are customized according to a printed piece, different production requirements are met, the process utilizes the characteristic that the fully-cured printing intermediate body is formed after 3D printing, and in the post-processing process, namely the further curing process of the printing intermediate body, the printing intermediate body is attached to the post-processing module, so that the surface of the printed piece can form lines on the surface of the post-processing module, the texture and the roughness of the surface of the printed piece are increased, or the surface characteristics of the printed piece are changed, and the subsequent processing of the printed piece is facilitated or some functions of the preset design of the printed piece are realized.
Further, the printing raw material comprises a prepolymer or a monomer mixture of any one or more of siloxane, benzoxazine, polyimide, polyether sulfone, polyurethane and epoxy resin.
Further, the preset design function in the step c comprises any one or more of increasing roughness, increasing a matte effect of the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body and increasing a matte effect of the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body.
Further, between the step c and the step d, a particle material can be selectively attached to the non-receiving surface of the printing intermediate.
Further, the particle material is coated on the surface of the printing member through an adhesive, or the particle material is directly adhered on the surface of the printing member.
Further, the particle material comprises one or more of graphite particles, molybdenum disulfide particles, polytetrafluoroethylene particles, ceramic powder dry lubricant particles, hexagonal boron nitride and the like.
Furthermore, the post-treatment module is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, and the material of the post-treatment module comprises any one or more of polymer, wood, metal, gypsum and ceramic.
Further, the heat resistance value of the high-temperature resistant material is required to be higher than 120 ℃.
Furthermore, the attachable surface of the post-processing module is made of a material which is easily separated from the acceptable surface of the printing intermediate.
Furthermore, the material of the attaching surface of the post-processing module is Teflon.
Further, the predetermined design function in the step c is to increase the roughness of the receiving surface of the printing intermediate, and the attachable surface of the post-processing module has a concave or convex pattern.
Further, the depth of the concave grains and the height of the convex grains of the conformable surface of the post-processing module are 0.001-10 mm.
Further, the width of the conformable surface texture of the aftertreatment module is 0.001-10 mm.
Furthermore, the post-processing module is formed by combining a plurality of components, and parts of the components are connected with each other.
Further, the conformable surface of the post-processing mold supports the printing intermediate in step c.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for post-processing a print intermediate of a photo-cured 3D print according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the printing intermediate and the post-processing module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the photocuring 3D printing post-processing method mainly includes the following steps: firstly, photocuring and printing the printing raw material by a photocuring printing device to form a printing intermediate (incomplete curing); secondly, optionally cleaning the printing intermediate; thirdly, after the printing intermediate is attached to the post-processing module, post-processing is carried out together, so that the printing intermediate is further cured; and fourthly, further curing the printing intermediate to form a printing piece with the mechanical property meeting the requirement, and then separating the printing piece from the post-processing module.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly determining the structure and size of a printed product, used printing raw materials and a preset design function before a photocuring step, determining a receiving surface of the printed intermediate body needing aftertreatment according to the preset design function, and then determining the shape of the aftertreatment module according to the factors, wherein the aftertreatment module comprises at least one attachable surface, the attachable surface is matched with the receiving surface of the printed intermediate body, and the attachable surface of the aftertreatment module is provided with concave or convex grains.
Specifically, the depth of the concave lines and the height of the convex lines of the attachable surface of the post-processing module are 0.001-10 mm, the width of the lines of the attachable surface of the post-processing module is 0.001-10 mm, and the preset design function of the 3D printing piece is realized by adjusting the height/depth and the width of the lines.
In some embodiments, the depth of the concave ridges and the height of the convex ridges of the conformable surface of the aftertreatment module are 0.001 to 0.1 mm, and the width of the ridges of the conformable surface of the aftertreatment module is 0.001 to 0.1 mm. In some embodiments, the depth of the concave ridges and the height of the convex ridges of the conformable surface of the aftertreatment module are 0.1-10 mm, and the width of the ridges of the conformable surface of the aftertreatment module is 0.1-10 mm. In some embodiments, the predetermined design function for the 3D print is to provide the print receiving surface with a matte, frosted effect. The post-treatment process changes the surface structure of the receiving surface of the printed piece, so that the printed piece has wider actual application scenes and better user experience, and for example, the matte and frosted effects have the effects of skid resistance and fingerprint resistance; in some embodiments, the predetermined design function for the 3D print is to have a print receiving surface with a specific texture. In other embodiments, the predetermined design function of the 3D printing element is that the receiving surface is to be physically and/or chemically bonded to other components during subsequent processing, so that the surface roughness of the receiving surface is increased by the printing intermediate during the post-processing, the contact area is increased, and the subsequent bonding is made stronger.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the printing element 1 is a midsole, the lower surface of the printing element 1 (i.e., the connection surface of the midsole and outsole) is a receiving surface 1.1, and the aftertreatment module 2 has an attachable surface 2.1 that mates with the receiving surface 1.1. the aftertreatment module 2 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 is a unitary structure, but in other embodiments it may be divided into separate portions, such as a forefoot portion having an attachable surface that mates with the forefoot portion of the receiving surface 1.1 of the printing element 1 and a heel portion having an attachable surface that mates with the heel portion of the receiving surface 1.1 of the printing element 1. The conformable surface 2.2 of the aftertreatment module 2 has a knurl pattern with a height of 1-4 mm. The printing midbody of the shoe insole after photo-curing printing is attached to the post-processing module 2 and then is further cured, and then the printing midbody is separated from the post-processing module 2, the receiving surface 1.1 of the shoe insole printing piece 1 is printed with the same biting flowers on the attaching surface 2.1 of the post-processing module 2, the lower surface of the shoe insole is provided with rough grains, so that the subsequent processing of the shoe insole is facilitated, for example, when the shoe insole 1 is bonded with the shoe outsole, the contact area of glue is increased due to the fact that the surface of the shoe insole 1 is provided with the biting flowers, the bonding of the shoe insole and the shoe outsole is facilitated, and the tensile strength of the bonding part of the shoe insole and the shoe outsole which is subjected to post-processing according to the steps is improved by 10% -15% relative to the tensile strength of the bonding part of the shoe insole.
In some embodiments, the post-processing module comprises at least one cavity, the attachable surface is located on the inner wall of the cavity, the printing intermediate body is arranged in the cavity of the post-processing module in a penetrating mode and limited by the cavity, and the printing intermediate body is provided with at least one acceptable surface matched with the attachable surface of the post-processing module.
In some embodiments, the post-processing module may have a three-dimensional structure or a planar structure, the attachable surfaces are distributed on the surface of the structure, the attachable surfaces may be a continuous surface or a plurality of discrete graphic surfaces, the attachable surfaces are attached to different portions of the printing intermediate according to the use requirement, and the surface textures of the different attachable surfaces may be the same or different.
In some embodiments, the post-processing module may be composed of a plurality of components, the surfaces of the components have attachable surfaces, the lines on the attachable surfaces may be different, different components are attached to different positions of the printing intermediate according to the use requirement, and the components may be connected with each other or separated from each other.
In some embodiments, the printing materials each include a certain proportion of photosensitive resin, and can be divided into an elastic material, a rigid material or a tough material in terms of performance, mechanical properties of printing intermediates formed by photocuring different materials are different, and the rigid material after photocuring is generally higher in rigidity than the elastic material and the tough material due to the fact that the elastic material and the tough material include a larger proportion of non-photosensitive resin components, so that the elastic material and the tough material need to be supported more than the rigid material in order to keep the shape of the printing intermediates in the post-processing process. In these embodiments, the use of the post-processing module not only serves to perform the function of the intended design of the print, but also provides support for the mechanically weaker intermediate print during further curing, preventing the intermediate print from deforming or collapsing during further curing. In some embodiments, depending on the existence of some suspended portions in the structure of the print medium, for example, the print medium has a large arc-shaped surface, or the print medium has a long suspended arm, or the print medium has a cavity, and since the print medium is relatively soft and lacks rigidity during the post-processing process, the print medium may collapse or bend during the further curing process, the post-processing module used during the post-processing process can be used not only to implement the function of the predetermined design of the print medium, but also to provide support for some parts of the print medium which are easily deformed, such as collapse or bend, during the further curing process, so as to prevent the print medium from deforming or collapsing during the further curing process. .
The post-processing method step two disclosed in the present disclosure is to perform photocuring printing on the printing raw material to form the printing intermediate through the photocuring printing device, and specifically refers to a process in which a part of components of the printing raw material is subjected to polymerization reaction under the action of photocuring technologies such as DLP, SLA, LCD and the like according to an illumination pattern/illumination path to form the printing intermediate, and the printing intermediate includes a part of uncured or incompletely cured components, so that the printing intermediate has relatively soft mechanical properties and a certain viscosity on the surface relative to a completely cured printed product, but the printing intermediate has substantially the same structure and shape as the final 3D printed product. There are several reasons for the presence of uncured and/or partially cured material components in the printing intermediate, one of which may be due to the relatively fast speed of the photocuring 3D printing that the photocuring reaction is not complete resulting in incomplete curing of a portion of the photosensitive resin material, and the other of which may be that the original printing material contains material components that are not photo-initiated to initiate a curing reaction, which may only be further cured in a subsequent curing reaction. Further curing includes heating and/or light.
The optional cleaning of the printing intermediate described in the third step of the post-processing method disclosed by the scheme specifically means that since most of the printing raw materials are resin, and the resin has a certain viscosity, in the printing process of the second step (photocuring), the printing intermediate has a certain hanging phenomenon, that is, a certain amount of printing raw materials are adhered to the surface of the printing intermediate.
In some embodiments, the three-dimensional model of the print is complex in structure with dense voids, and the amount of resin adhering to the print is large, and the print intermediate can be washed away by an organic solvent and/or an aqueous cleaning agent, and the specific organic solvent can be an isopropanol solution.
In some embodiments, where the printing medium is relatively rigid, it may be sprayed with a high pressure/pressurized organic solvent, an aqueous cleaning agent, and spun dry (which is performed without deforming the printing medium).
The post-processing method disclosed by the scheme comprises the following steps of attaching the printing intermediate body and the post-processing module and then carrying out post-processing together to further solidify the printing intermediate body, specifically, attaching the attachable surface of the post-processing module and the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body, keeping the printing intermediate body and the post-processing module in an attached state and carrying out post-processing together to further solidify the printing intermediate body so that the mechanical property of the printing intermediate body meets the use requirement, further solidifying and separating the obtained printing member from the post-processing module, and then printing the texture of the attachable surface of the post-processing module on the surface of the printing member (namely the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body), thereby realizing the preset design function of the printing member.
In some embodiments, the printing intermediate body and the post-processing module are attached to each other by gravity, and in the case that the attachable surface and the receiving surface are both a continuous plane or a curved surface, the printing intermediate body can be directly placed above the post-processing module and then closely attached to the post-processing module by self gravity, and similarly, the post-processing module can also be placed above the printing intermediate body.
In some embodiments, the printing intermediate and the post-processing module are attached to each other by other external forces except the gravity applied to the printing intermediate and the post-processing module needs to be attached to the printing intermediate by other auxiliary fixing members such as clips, straps, elastic ropes and the like when the attachable surface or the receiving surface is a plurality of surfaces with different angles.
In some embodiments, before the printing intermediate is subjected to post-treatment, a particle material may be attached to a non-receiving surface of the printing intermediate to change the surface characteristics of the printing member, and a specific operation method may be to attach the particle material to the surface of the printing intermediate by adhesive coating, or to directly attach the particle material to the surface of the printing intermediate by using the viscosity of the surface of the printing intermediate itself, and the specific particle material may include one or more lubricant particles such as graphite particles, molybdenum disulfide particles, polytetrafluoroethylene particles, ceramic powder dry lubricant particles, hexagonal boron nitride, and the like. In some embodiments of the present invention, the,
the post-processing method disclosed by the scheme comprises the following steps of further curing the printing intermediate recorded in the fifth step to form a printing piece with mechanical properties meeting requirements, and separating the printing piece from the post-processing module.
In some embodiments, the printing stock includes a thermally curable composition, and the post-processing operation is a heat treatment, i.e., curing the thermally curable composition by heating. The heating temperature is adjusted according to the components of the printing raw materials, and the heating time is adjusted according to the volume of the printing intermediate, wherein the heating temperature is 100-120 ℃ and the heating time is 6-12h in general. The post-treatment module is made of high-temperature resistant material, the heat resistance value of the high-temperature resistant material needs to be higher than 120 ℃, and the post-treatment module is made of any one or more of polymer, wood, metal, gypsum and ceramic. The heating means may be any feasible heating means, including but not limited to oven heating, water bath (including water or other inert liquid medium) heating, and the like.
In some embodiments, the printing material is mostly photosensitive resin and does not contain a heat-curable component, and the post-treatment operation is further light-curing, i.e., supplementing light (typically UV light) with the same wavelength as the light-curing in step two, and further light-curing the uncured photosensitive resin in step two. And adjusting the illumination time according to the volume of the printing intermediate, wherein the illumination time is 6-12h in general. In some embodiments, further curing may comprise using a wavelength different from the photocuring in step a.
In some embodiments, the attachable surface of the post-processing module is a release film material, i.e. a material that is easily separated from the receiving surface of the printing intermediate, such as teflon, to facilitate separation of the post-processing module from the printed product after the post-processing in step five.
In some embodiments, the printing material mainly includes a monomer or prepolymer such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, etc., and a photoinitiator, so that the monomer or prepolymer can emit light to perform a curing reaction, and also includes other organic prepolymers or monomers for improving mechanical properties or chemical properties of the printing material after photocuring, and specifically may be siloxane, benzoxazine, polyimide, polyether sulfone.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should not be understood that the scope of the present invention is limited thereby, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various other modifications and equivalent arrangements can be made by applying the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A post-processing method of a printing intermediate of a photocuring 3D printed piece is characterized by comprising the following steps
Step a, carrying out photocuring 3D printing on a printing raw material by using photocuring 3D printing equipment and forming a printing intermediate, wherein the printing intermediate contains a part of uncured and/or incompletely cured components;
b, optionally cleaning the printing intermediate finished in the step a;
c, using a post-processing module, wherein the post-processing module comprises at least one attachable surface, the attachable surface is matched with at least one receiving surface of the printing intermediate, and the attachable surface of the post-processing module is provided with lines capable of realizing a preset design function; after the receiving surface of the printing intermediate body and the attachable surface of the post-processing module are attached to each other, the printing intermediate body and the post-processing module are subjected to post-processing together, so that uncured and/or incompletely cured components in the printing intermediate body are further cured, and the post-processing step comprises heating and/or light irradiation.
And d, separating the printing intermediate body after the step c from the post-processing module to form a printing piece.
2. The method for post-processing the printing intermediate of the photocured 3D printing piece according to claim 1, wherein the printing raw material comprises a prepolymer or a monomer mixture of any one or more of siloxane, benzoxazine, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polyurethane and epoxy resin.
3. The method for post-processing the printing intermediate of the photocured 3D printing piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined design function in the step c comprises any one or more of increasing roughness, increasing matte effect of the receiving surface of the printing intermediate and the like.
4. A method of post-processing a printing intermediate of a photo-cured 3D print according to claim 1, further comprising between step c and step D, optionally attaching a particulate material to the non-receptive surface of the printing intermediate.
5. A method for post-processing of a printing intermediate of a photo-cured 3D print according to claim 4, characterized in that the particulate material is coated on the surface of the print by an adhesive or is directly adhered on the surface of the print.
6. A printing intermediate post-processing method of a photocured 3D print according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the particulate material comprises one or more of graphite particles, molybdenum disulfide particles, polytetrafluoroethylene particles, ceramic powder dry lubricant particles, hexagonal boron nitride and the like.
7. The method for post-processing the printing intermediate of the photocuring 3D printing piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the post-processing module is made of a high-temperature-resistant material, and the material of the post-processing module comprises any one or more of polymer, wood, metal, gypsum and ceramic.
8. A printing intermediate post-processing method of a photocured 3D print according to claim 7, wherein the heat resistance value of the high temperature resistant material is higher than 120 ℃.
9. A method of post-processing a printing intermediate of a photocurable 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the conformable surface of the post-processing module is selected from a material that is readily separable from the acceptable surface of the printing intermediate.
10. The method for post-processing the printing intermediate of the photocured 3D printing piece as claimed in claim 1, 7 or 9, wherein the material of the attachable surface of the post-processing module is Teflon.
11. A method for post-processing a printing intermediate of a photocured 3D print according to claim 1 or 3 wherein the predetermined design function in step c is to increase the roughness of the receiving surface of the printing intermediate and the conformable surface of the post-processing module has a pattern of depressions or protrusions.
12. A method of post-processing an intermediate for printing a photocurable 3D print as claimed in claim 11, wherein the depth of the concave ridges and the height of the convex ridges of the conformable surface of the post-processing module are in the range of 0.001 to 10 mm.
13. A method of post-processing an intermediate for printing a photocurable 3D print as claimed in claim 11, wherein the width of the embossable surface of the post-processing module is in the range of 0.001 mm to 10 mm.
14. A method of post-processing a printing intermediate for photocurable 3D prints as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the post-processing module is composed of a plurality of parts, some of which are connected to each other.
15. A method of post-processing a printing intermediate of a photocurable 3D print according to claim 1, wherein the conformable surface of the post-processing module supports the printing intermediate in step c.
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