CN112975012B - Voltage regulation-based conical hub blisk multi-blade cascade electrolysis device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a conical hub blisk multi-blade grid electrolysis device based on voltage regulation, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining. The device comprises the following components: comprises a power supply (8), a clamp body, a follow-up liquid sealing device, a cathode frame (3), a hollow tool cathode (2), a linkage device (4) and an electrolyte system (9); the power supply (8) is connected with a voltage regulating device (10). In the machining process, synchronous eccentric swinging feeding of the hollow tool cathode (2) array is combined with the rotary compound motion of the blisk workpiece (1) to realize machining of the profile of the blisk conical hub.

Description

Electrolysis device and method for conical hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis based on voltage regulation

technical field

The invention relates to a conical wheel hub integral leaf disk multi-leaf cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining.

Background technique

The blisk is one of the important parts in aero-engines, gas turbines, rocket engines and airborne equipment. The machining accuracy and machining quality of the blisks have an important impact on the performance and quality of products. The overall blisk channel is narrow, the structure is twisted, and the materials are mostly high-temperature materials that are difficult to process, which brings great difficulties to the traditional machining methods. Electrochemical machining is a processing method that uses the principle of electrochemical anode dissolution to remove materials. It has the advantages of wide processing range, good surface quality, high processing efficiency, no tool wear, and no cutting stress. Therefore, electrolytic machining shows outstanding advantages in the machining of integral blisks.

The electrolytic machining of the blisk is divided into two steps: the first step is the machining of the cascade channel, which removes the material between the blades and provides space for the entry of the cathode of the subsequent profile tool. The second step is blade profile processing. Therefore, the machining of the cascade channel is an important processing link in the electrolytic machining of the blisk, and its machining efficiency and the uniformity of the machining allowance of the channel have an important impact on the manufacturing cost and precision quality of the final product. In recent years, as the overall blisk structure has become more and more complex, the blade twist, hub taper, variable cascade width change and other problems have brought great difficulties to the blade cascade processing.

In the patent "A Method and Electrolysis Tool for Integrated Blisk Electrolytic Machining" (application number: 201911225268.4, applicant: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, inventors: Zhang Juchen, Li Xinglin, Chen Yuanlong, Zhang Bin), a curved cathode was announced. The multi-axis linkage realizes the integrated electrolytic machining tool of the complex profile integral blisk blade basin, blade back and wheel hub. In the research of the master's thesis "Electrochemical Machining Technology of Diffuser Bushing with Special Structure" (Date: March 2018, Author: Xu Juewu), the corrosion of the blade side surface caused by the time-varying voltage of the Diffuser Bushing Electrochemical Machining was explored. Impact. These two blisk processing methods can realize the overall blisk processing of the conical hub, but only a single channel can be processed at a time, and the simultaneous processing of multiple channels cannot be realized, and the processing efficiency is low. In the patent "Integral Impeller Multi-Channel Electrolytic Machining Device" (Application No.: 200910120721.5, Applicant: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inventors: Xu Zhengyang, Zhu Di, Xu Qing, Zeng Yongbin), a multi-cathode interlocking integral impeller with multi-channel is proposed Electrolytic machining equipment. A multi-cathode synthetic motion is proposed in the patent "Multi-electrode screw-feeding integral impeller inter-blade flow channel electrolytic machining method" (application number: 200910025834.7, applicant: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, inventors: Zhu Di, Xu Qing, Xu Zhengyang) Electrolytic machining method. These two patents have improved the machining accuracy and efficiency of the blisk channel, but both of them are aimed at the machining of the blisk channel of the equal diameter hub, and cannot be processed for the tapered hub profile and the variable width blade cascade channel. .

The existing monolithic blisk machining technology has prominent efficiency and cost problems for the complex monolithic blisk high-efficiency cascade machining with variable hub diameter and variable cascade width, and new processing devices and methods are urgently needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to propose a conical hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation, aiming at the low machining accuracy (uneven machining allowance) and low efficiency of the current overall bladed disk cascade channel. .

A conical-hub integral-blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation realizes the efficient manufacture of complex integral-blisk cascade channels with a conical hub and variable-width cascades, and is characterized in that:

Including power supply, clamp body, follow-up liquid sealing device, cathode frame, hollow tool cathode, linkage device, electrolyte system;

The above-mentioned hollow tool cathode is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the integral blisk workpiece is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; the inside of the hollow tool cathode is communicated with the electrolyte system;

The above-mentioned clamp specifically includes a clamp upper cover and a clamp base, the clamp upper cover has the same number of liquid outlets as the cathodes and correspondingly distributed liquid outlets, and the clamp base has the same number of cathodes and correspondingly distributed liquid return grooves; the overall blisk workpiece is located in the Between the upper cover of the fixture and the base of the fixture;

The above-mentioned follow-up liquid sealing device is composed of a water blocking plate, a telescopic sleeve device and a universal joint device; the water blocking plate is wrapped on the outer side of the clamp body;

The linkage device includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel that is distributed in a circle of the driving wheel and is matched with it respectively; the first end of the cathode frame is fixed to the driven wheel in an eccentric manner, and the first end of the cathode of the hollow tool is installed on the second cathode frame through the universal joint device. The second end of the cathode of the hollow tool extends into the processing area of the integral blisk workpiece; the telescopic sleeve device is sleeved on the universal joint device; the telescopic sleeve device is located between the outer side of the water baffle and the second end of the cathode frame.

The processing method of the conical hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation is characterized by comprising the following processes:

During the machining process, the electrolyte flows into the cathode of the hollow tool and is sprayed out from its liquid outlet. Under the action of the electrochemical reaction, the workpiece material around the cathode of the hollow tool will be eroded; through the rotation and expansion of the universal joint device The expansion and contraction of the sleeve device ensures that the electrolyte always flows in a closed working environment and fills the entire electrolytic processing area. The follow-up liquid sealing device is used to achieve the stability of the electrolyte flow field during processing;

At the same time, the device also includes a clamp body composed of a clamp upper cover and a clamp base. The clamp upper cover is designed with the same number of liquid outlets as the cathodes and correspondingly distributed, and the clamp base is designed with the same number of cathodes and corresponding to the cathode. The uniformly distributed liquid return tank, the device system composed of the clamp body and the liquid sealing device realizes the flow, sealing, smoothness and stability of the electrolyte during the whole process.

During processing, the tool array composed of several hollow tool cathodes moves from top to bottom. At the same time, using the linkage device, the driving wheel rotates to drive multiple driven wheels to rotate synchronously, and the first end of the cathode frame is eccentrically installed on the driven wheel. The tool cathode is installed at the other end of the cathode frame, and the synchronously rotating driven wheel drives the tool cathode through the cathode frame to synchronously eccentrically rotate and swing. During this process, the whole blisk workpiece also rotates around its axis. The eccentric swinging in, combined with the compound motion of the rotation of the integral blisk workpiece, realizes the machining of the conical hub profile of the integral blisk.

During processing, the processing voltage is adjusted according to the width of the cascade channel and the axial size of the hub during the feeding process by using the feature that the width of the processed groove and the size of the hub are proportional to the applied processing voltage, so as to realize the overall change of the blisk. Machining of wide cascade channels and tapered hubs.

beneficial effect

1. The present invention proposes a follow-up and retractable electrolyte follow-up liquid sealing device, which works together with the clamp body to form an annular overall liquid sealing structure that realizes simultaneous sealing of multiple tool cathodes, which can make the tool cathode array in space. During the synchronous movement of the medium work, the processing area of each tool cathode is closed, so that the electrolyte can always fill the processing area, improve the electrolyte flow field, and improve the stability of electrolytic machining.

2. In the present invention, the tool cathode array performs synchronous eccentric rotation and swing, combined with the compound motion of the rotation of the integral blisk workpiece, and can realize simultaneous machining of multiple cascade channels of the conical hub integral blisk. The first end of the cathode frame is installed on the eccentric of the driven wheel. The position can be adjusted, so different types of conical hub blisks can be processed, and the versatility is very strong.

3. The cathode of the hollow tool can be replaced, and the corresponding hollow tool electrode is used according to the structure of the blade cascade channel, so it can process the whole blisk of different types of conical hubs, and has strong versatility.

4. The present invention adopts the machining mode of variable machining voltage in the feeding process, and utilizes the feature that the width of the machined groove and the size of the hub are proportional to the applied machining voltage. Increase the machining voltage when the blade cascade is narrower and the hub is smaller, and reduce the machining voltage when feeding to the part where the blade cascade width is narrow and the hub is small, which can significantly improve the uniformity of the allowance of the cascade channel after processing, and lay the foundation for the subsequent blade profile finishing. .

The above-mentioned conical hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation is characterized in that: the above-mentioned hollow tool cathode is a hollow conical tubular electrode, or a hollow cylindrical tubular electrode, or is designed according to the blade cascade channel structure. Hollow special-shaped tool electrode; the liquid outlet on the hollow tool cathode is a group slit or group hole structure.

The above-mentioned conical wheel hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation is characterized in that: the above-mentioned retractable sleeve device is a spring silicone sleeve.

The above-mentioned conical hub integral blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation is characterized in that: the above-mentioned follow-up liquid sealing device is an annular integral liquid sealing structure that simultaneously seals liquid for a plurality of tool cathodes distributed in the circumferential direction.

The above-mentioned electrolytic device based on the voltage regulation of the conical hub integral blisk and multi-cascade is characterized in that: the above-mentioned electrolyte system is connected with a flow-equalizing cavity device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the integrated blisk electrolytic machining device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the follow-up liquid sealing device of the integral blisk electrolytic machining device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view schematic diagram of the cathode movement of the integral blisk electrolytic machining tool of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the electrolytic machining process of the integral blisk of the present invention;

Label name in the figure: 1. Integral blisk workpiece, 2. Tool cathode, 3. Cathode frame, 4. Gear linkage, 5. Water retaining plate, 6. Telescopic sleeve device, 7. Universal joint device, 8 , Power supply system, 9, Electrolyte system, 10, Voltage regulating device, 11, Fixture upper cover, 12, Fixture base, 13, Flow equalizing chamber device.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the integral blisk workpiece 1 is installed on the machine tool turntable, and is connected to the positive pole of the power supply 8, the hollow conical tubular tool cathode 2 is installed on the cathode frame 3, and is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 8, and a plurality of tools The cathode 2 is connected to the translation stage 4 through the cathode frame 3, and the electrolyte enters the equalizing chamber device 13 from the electrolyte system 9, and then enters the hollow conical tubular tool cathode 2, and is sprayed from the liquid outlet on the tubular tool cathode 2. Out, through the working area, and finally back to the electrolyte system 9, the cathode liquid outlet is designed as a group slit structure, and the workpiece material around the conical tubular tool cathode 2 will be eroded under the action of electrochemical reaction.

As shown in Fig. 1, using the relationship that the erosion speed of electrolytic machining is proportional to the magnitude of the applied voltage, by adjusting the voltage regulator 10 connected to the power supply system 8 during the feeding process, the magnitude of the applied machining voltage is adjusted to process the whole leaf. Disc variable width cascade channels.

As shown in Figure 2, the liquid sealing device consists of a water blocking plate 5, a telescopic sleeve device 6 and a universal joint device 7, a cathode frame 3, a telescopic sleeve device 6, a universal joint device 7, a water blocking plate 5 Always seal the connection to ensure the stability of the electrolyte flow field during processing.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the tool array composed of several conical tubular cathodes 2 relies on the gear linkage 4 to realize the feeding movement from top to bottom, and the eccentric structure of the cathode frame 3 realizes the movement along the outside of the axis of the tubular tool cathode 2 The designated point is the center of the circle for synchronous eccentric rotation and swing, and the cathode rotates counterclockwise around the center point. It will gradually move away from the central axis of the workpiece, and the integral blisk workpiece 1 also rotates around its axis during feeding. The conical hub profile of the integral blisk is machined by the synchronous eccentric oscillating feed of the hollow conical tubular tool cathode array combined with the compound motion of the workpiece rotation.

As shown in FIG. 3 , during the machining process, the water baffle 5 is always close to the side of the blisk workpiece 1, and the tool cathode 2 moves relative to the baffle 5, showing a trend of gradually moving away from the axis of the blisk workpiece 1. The telescopic sleeve device 6 is stretched to ensure that the electrolyte always flows in a closed working environment, so as to realize the follow-up sealing liquid.

Claims (7)

1. A tapered hub blisk multi-blade cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation realizes the efficient manufacture of a complex blisk cascade channel with a tapered hub and a variable-width cascade, and is characterized in that:

comprises a power supply (8), a clamp body, a follow-up liquid sealing device, a cathode frame (3), a hollow tool cathode (2), a linkage device (4) and an electrolyte system (9); the power supply (8) is connected with a voltage regulating device (10);

the hollow tool cathode (2) is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply (8), and the blisk workpiece (1) is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply (8); the inside of the hollow tool cathode (2) is communicated with an electrolyte system (9);

the clamp body comprises a clamp upper cover (11) and a clamp base (12), the clamp upper cover (11) is provided with liquid outlets which are the same as the number of the cathodes and are uniformly distributed correspondingly, and the clamp base (12) is provided with liquid return grooves which are the same as the number of the cathodes and are uniformly distributed correspondingly; the blisk workpiece (1) is positioned between the clamp upper cover (11) and the clamp base (12);

the follow-up liquid sealing device consists of a water baffle (5), a telescopic sleeve device (6) and a universal joint device (7); the water baffle (5) is wrapped on the outer side of the clamp body;

the linkage device (4) comprises a driving wheel and driven wheels which are distributed on one circle of the driving wheel and are respectively matched with the driving wheel; the first end of the cathode frame (3) is fixed on the driven wheel in an eccentric mode, and the first end of the hollow tool cathode (2) is arranged at the second end of the cathode frame (3) through a universal joint device (7); the second end of the hollow tool cathode (2) extends into a machining area of the blisk workpiece (1); the telescopic sleeve device (6) is sleeved on the universal joint device (7); the telescopic sleeve device (6) is positioned between the outer side of the water baffle (5) and the second end of the cathode frame (3).

2. The tapered hub blisk multi-leaf gate electrolysis device based on voltage regulation of claim 1, wherein: the hollow tool cathode (2) is a hollow cylindrical tubular electrode or a hollow special-shaped tool electrode designed according to a blade disc and blade cascade channel structure; the liquid outlet on the hollow tool cathode (2) is of a group seam or group hole structure.

3. The tapered hub blisk multi-leaf gate electrolysis device based on voltage regulation of claim 2, wherein: the hollow special-shaped tool electrode is a hollow conical tubular electrode.

4. The tapered hub blisk multi-leaf gate electrolysis device based on voltage regulation of claim 1, wherein: the telescopic sleeve device (6) is a spring silica gel sleeve.

5. The tapered hub blisk multi-leaf gate electrolysis device based on voltage regulation of claim 1, wherein: the follow-up liquid sealing device is an annular integral liquid sealing structure which simultaneously seals a plurality of circumferentially distributed tool cathodes.

6. The tapered hub blisk multi-leaf gate electrolysis device based on voltage regulation of claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte system (9) is connected with a flow equalizing cavity device (13).

7. The method for processing the conical hub blisk multi-cascade electrolysis device based on voltage regulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following processes:

(A) during the processing, the electrolyte flows into the hollow tool cathode (2) and is sprayed out from the liquid outlet of the hollow tool cathode, and the workpiece material around the hollow tool cathode (2) is corroded and removed under the action of electrochemical reaction; the universal joint device (7) rotates and the telescopic sleeve device (6) stretches, so that the electrolyte is ensured to flow in a closed working environment all the time and is filled in the whole electrolytic machining area, and the follow-up liquid sealing device is utilized to realize the stability of the electrolyte flow field in the machining process;

meanwhile, the device also comprises a clamp body consisting of two parts, namely a clamp upper cover (11) and a clamp base (12), wherein the clamp upper cover (11) is provided with liquid outlets which are the same as the cathodes in number and are uniformly distributed correspondingly, the clamp base (12) is provided with liquid return grooves which are the same as the cathodes in number and are uniformly distributed correspondingly, and a device system consisting of the clamp body and a liquid sealing device realizes the flowing sealing, smoothness and stability of the electrolyte in the whole processing process;

(B) in the machining process, a tool array consisting of a plurality of hollow tool cathodes (2) performs feeding motion from top to bottom, meanwhile, a linkage device (4) is utilized, a driving wheel rotates to drive a plurality of driven wheels to synchronously rotate, a first end of a cathode frame (3) is arranged on the driven wheels in an eccentric mode, the tool cathodes (2) are arranged at the other end of the cathode frame (3), the driven wheels which synchronously rotate drive the tool cathodes (2) to synchronously and eccentrically rotate and swing through the cathode frame (3), in the process, the blisk workpiece (1) also performs rotating motion around the axis of the blisk workpiece, and the synchronous eccentric swinging of the hollow tool cathodes (2) array feeds a composite motion combined with the rotation of the blisk workpiece (1), so that the machining of the blisk conical profile is realized;

(C) and in the machining process, the machining voltage is adjusted according to the width change of the blade cascade channel and the axial size change of the hub in the feeding process by utilizing the characteristic that the machined groove width and the hub size are in direct proportion to the size of the applied machining voltage, so that the machining of the wide-range blade cascade channel of the blisk and the conical hub is realized.

Images